Display panel and display device

Abstract

The utility model provides a display panel and a display device, relates to the technical field of display, and aims to improve the light emitting gain of a near-to-eye display device.The display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel comprises a liquid crystal, a color film layer and a driving structure layer, and the color film layer and the driving structure layer are located on the two opposite sides of the liquid crystal respectively; wherein the sub-pixel further comprises an optical structure, the optical structure is located on a light emitting path from a backlight source of the display panel to a light emitting surface of the display panel, the optical structure comprises at least one lens, and the lens is at least used for converging light emitted by the backlight source; the orthographic projection of the lens on the plane of the display panel is overlapped with the opening area of the sub-pixel; the shading structure comprises a part located on the driving structure layer and a part located on the color film layer, and the orthographic projection of the shading structure on the plane of the display panel is overlapped with the edge of the opening area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs, Liquid Crystal Displays) are currently commonly used flat panel displays, and thin film transistor liquid crystal displays are the mainstream products among liquid crystal displays. TFT-LCDs have the advantages of being thin, light in weight, having excellent picture quality, low power consumption, long lifespan, digitalization, and no radiation, which makes them widely used in various large, medium, and small-sized electronic products.

[0003] Currently, liquid crystal displays can be applied to near-eye display devices using virtual reality (VR, Virtual Reality) and augmented reality (AR, Augmented Reality) technologies. Among them, near-eye display requires imaging the objects displayed on the display panel to a certain distance through a lens group. Therefore, it has extremely high requirements for image quality, and thus it is necessary to improve the pixel density (pixels per inch, PPI) of the display panel. However, with the increase in the PPI (pixels per inch, pixel density) of the display, the aperture ratio of the pixels decreases, resulting in a relatively low display brightness of the pixels. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Based on the content of the background art, the utility model provides a display panel and a display device.

[0005] In the first aspect of the utility model, a display panel is provided, including a plurality of sub-pixels. The sub-pixels include liquid crystal, and a color filter layer and a driving structure layer located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal respectively; wherein, at least one sub-pixel further includes:

[0006] An optical structure, located on the light-emitting path from the backlight source of the display panel to the light-emitting surface of the display panel. The optical structure includes at least one lens, and the lens is at least used for converging the light emitted by the backlight source; the positive projection of the lens on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the opening area of the sub-pixel;

[0007] A light-shielding structure, including a part located on the driving structure layer and a part located on the color filter layer. The positive projection of the light-shielding structure on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the edge of the opening area.

[0008] Exemplarily, the geometric center of each lens in the optical structure coincides with the geometric center of the sub-pixel area of the sub-pixel.

[0009] Exemplarily, the optical structure comprises:

[0010] A first optical structure, located on a side of the driving structure layer away from the liquid crystal, comprising a first lens, wherein the first lens is configured to converge light emitted by the light source;

[0011] A second optical structure, located on a side of the color filter layer away from the liquid crystal, comprises a second lens, wherein the second lens is configured to diverge the light converged by the first lens;

[0012] Wherein, the shading structure is located between the first optical structure and the second optical structure;

[0013] The orthographic projections of the first lens and the second lens on the plane of the display panel overlap with the opening area of ​​the sub-pixel, and the orthographic projection of the first lens on the plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second lens on the plane.

[0014] Exemplarily, the first lens includes a convex lens, and the second lens includes a concave lens.

[0015] Exemplarily, the sub-pixel further includes:

[0016] A first flat layer, located on a side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal;

[0017] A second flat layer is located on a side of the second optical structure close to the liquid crystal;

[0018] Wherein, the refractive index of the second lens is greater than the refractive index of the second flat layer.

[0019] Exemplarily, the driving structure layer includes a source-drain electrode layer, the shading structure includes a first shading layer and a second shading layer, the first shading layer is located on a side of the source-drain electrode layer close to the liquid crystal, and the second shading layer is located between the second optical structure and the color filter layer; the arch height of the first lens satisfies the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer, L1 is the vertical distance between the driving structure layer and the color filter layer, L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer away from the liquid crystal to the first shading layer, h1 is the arch height of the first lens, p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel area, Δn1 is the refractive index difference between the first lens and the first flat layer, a represents the width of the first shading layer in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second shading layer in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source and drain layer in the plane direction of the display panel.

[0022] Exemplarily, the driving structure layer includes a source-drain layer, the light-shielding structure includes a first light-shielding layer and a second light-shielding layer, the first light-shielding layer is located on the side of the source-drain layer close to the liquid crystal, and the second light-shielding layer is located between the second optical structure and the color filter layer; the aperture and arch height of the second lens satisfy the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer, L1 is the vertical distance between the first flat layer and the second flat layer, L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer facing away from the liquid crystal to the c metal layer, h2 is the arch height of the second lens, D2 is the aperture of the second lens, Δn2 is the refractive index difference between the second lens and the second flat layer, p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel region, a represents the width of the first light-shielding layer in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second light-shielding layer in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source-drain layer in the plane direction of the display panel.

[0025] Exemplarily, the aperture of the second lens is greater than the projection distance of the first lens after focusing on the upper surface of the light-emitting surface.

[0026] Exemplarily, the first distance between the aperture of the first lens and the edge of the sub-pixel region is less than the second distance between the aperture of the second lens and the edge of the sub-pixel region.

[0027] Exemplarily, the first distance is less than 0.5 μm.

[0028] Exemplarily, the arch height of the second lens is 0.5 - 1.5 μm, and the second distance is 0 - 3.5 μm.

[0029] Exemplarily, in the thickness direction of the display panel, the first optical structure sequentially includes a first sub-structure, a third flat layer, and a second sub-structure, and the second optical structure sequentially includes a third sub-structure, a fourth flat layer, and a fourth sub-structure;

[0030] Wherein, the first lens is included in both the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure, and the second lens is included in both the third sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure.

[0031] Exemplarily, the side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal includes a first flat layer;

[0032] Wherein, the thickness of the third flat layer is different from the thickness of the first flat layer.

[0033] Exemplarily, the display panel includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines, and the gate lines and the data lines define sub-pixel regions of a plurality of the sub-pixels;

[0034] Wherein, the distance between the second lens in the third sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region in the direction of the data line is different from the distance between the second lens in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region in the direction of the gate line.

[0035] Exemplarily, the material of the lens includes any one of glass and silicon nitride.

[0036] Exemplarily, both the first lens and the second lens include ellipsoidal lenses.

[0037] Exemplarily, the optical structure includes a third lens, the third lens is located on a side of the color filter layer away from the liquid crystal, and the third lens is configured to converge light emitted from the color filter layer.

[0038] Exemplarily, the driving structure layer includes a source-drain layer, and the light-shielding structure includes:

[0039] A first light-shielding layer, located on a side of the source-drain layer close to the liquid crystal:

[0040] A second light-shielding layer, located on a side of the second optical structure close to the liquid crystal, and the second light-shielding layer defines a plurality of the opening regions;

[0041] Wherein, the width of the first light-shielding layer in the plane is greater than the width of the second light-shielding layer in the plane, and the orthographic projections of the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer in the plane both overlap with the orthographic projection of the lens in the plane.

[0042] Exemplarily, the central axes of the first light-shielding layer and the second light-shielding layer in the light-shielding structure overlap, and the optical axis of each lens in the optical structure has an offset relative to the central axis.

[0043] In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device including the display panel according to any one of the first aspect.

[0044] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the specific

[0045] embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. It should be noted that the ratios in the drawings are only for illustration and do not represent the actual ratios.

[0047] Figure 1 Shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the display panel of this embodiment;

[0048] Figure 2 Is a schematic plan view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 Is a schematic plan view of the driving structure layer 14 of the display panel in this embodiment;

[0050] Figure 4 Is a schematic plan view of a sub-pixel in the display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5a And Figure 5b Are schematic cross-sectional structure diagrams of two types of sub-pixels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 Shows a schematic optical path diagram of the light emitted by the backlight plate in a sub-pixel;

[0053] Figure 7 Shows a schematic diagram of the film layer structure in a sub-pixel;

[0054] Figures 8a - 9b Respectively show schematic cross-sectional structure diagrams of four display panels;

[0055] Figure 10 Is for Figure 8b Schematic diagram of the viewing angle requirements corresponding to different positions of the display panel;

[0056] Figure 11 Shows Figure 8b The light output angle spectrum after translating the lens in

[0057] Figure 12 Is a schematic diagram of the simulation results of the focal length requirements of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 and the minimum aperture requirement of the second lens 23;

[0058] Figure 13 And Figure 15 Show schematic diagrams of the simulation analysis of the influence of different morphologies of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees at the same second spacing;

[0059] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of a simulation analysis for the influence of the first lens 12 on the gain within 10 degrees at different first spacings;

[0060] Figure 16 It is the evaluation result of the optical gain effect where the second optical structure includes a layer of the second lens 23;

[0061] Figure 17 It is the evaluation result of the optical gain effect where the second optical structure includes a double - layer second lens 23;

[0062] Figure 18 The shown one is the SEM image when the lens is made of an inorganic material;

[0063] Figure 19 The shown one is the SEM image when the lens is made of glass;

[0064] Figure 20 It shows a schematic diagram of arranging the second lens 23 in the sub - pixel region pa;

[0065] Figure 21 It shows the relationship between the arch height h and the focal length f of the third lens 210 under different refractive index differences △n;

[0066] Figure 22 In (a), it shows the relationship between the arch height h and the gain magnification of brightness under the condition of brightness gain within 18°;

[0067] Figure 22 In (b), it shows the emission angular spectrum of the pixel under different arch heights h. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] To make the above - mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0069] In this specification, "electrically connected" and "coupled" include cases where constituent elements are connected together through elements having a certain electrical effect. The "elements having a certain electrical effect" are not particularly limited as long as they can transfer electrical signals between the constituent elements to be connected. Examples of the "elements having a certain electrical effect" include not only electrodes and wirings, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other elements having various functions.

[0070] In this specification, "parallel" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is -10° or more and 10° or less, and thus also includes a state where the angle is -5° or more and 5° or less. In addition, "perpendicular" means a state where the angle formed by two straight lines is 80° or more and 90° or less, and thus also includes a state where the angle is 85° or more and 95° or less.

[0071] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is construed in an open, inclusive sense, i.e., "including, but not limited to".

[0072] In the embodiments of this application, "in the same layer" refers to the relationship between multiple film layers formed from the same material after the same step (e.g., one-step patterning process). Here, "in the same layer" does not always mean that the thicknesses of the multiple film layers are the same or the heights of the multiple film layers in a cross-sectional view are the same. In this specification, a polygon is not strictly defined and can be an approximate triangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, etc., and there may be some small deformations due to tolerances.

[0073] In the embodiments of this application, since the source and drain of a transistor are symmetric, the source and drain can be interchanged. In the embodiments of this application, one of the source and drain of the transistor can also be referred to as the first pole, and the other of the source and drain can be referred to as the second pole.

[0074] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or there can also be an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0075] First, the technical terms involved in this embodiment are explained as follows:

[0076] FOV, field of view angle, also known as field of view in optical engineering. The size of the field of view angle determines the field of view range of an optical instrument, and the field of view angle can also be represented by FOV. In an optical instrument, the angle formed by the two edges of the maximum range through which the image of the measured target can pass through the lens with the lens as the vertex is called the field of view angle. The size of the field of view angle determines the field of view range of the optical instrument. The larger the field of view angle, the larger the field of view and the smaller the optical magnification.

[0077] The eyebox is a structure in an AR device. The size of the eyebox can directly affect the range within which a clear virtual image can be seen, and determines the flexibility of the user when wearing AR glasses daily. In near-eye displays, when the eyebox is too small, if the AR device is moved slightly, incomplete virtual content will be seen.

[0078] In related technologies, the pixel density and resolution of near-eye display devices are crucial for providing clear images. Higher pixel density and resolution can ensure the details and sharpness of the images, improving visual quality. In some technologies, the pixel density of liquid crystal displays applied to near-eye displays can reach 2000 PPI. However, the reduction of pixel size has exacerbated the problem of color crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels and reduced the light extraction efficiency.

[0079] In addition, in near-eye displays, the characteristics of single-person viewing lead to a significant difference in the light emission angle requirements of the optical engine for the display device compared to traditional displays. For a Pancake optical path with a 105° FOV (field of view), when the eyebox is equal to 8*12 mm, its light emission angle requirement for the display device is only 10°. Therefore, the display device needs to consider the energy gain within 10° of light emission.

[0080] In view of this, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a display panel. The display panel may include a plurality of sub-pixels. Each sub-pixel includes liquid crystal and color film layers 21 and driving structure layers 14 located on both sides of the liquid crystal. Among them, at least one sub-pixel further includes an optical structure and a light-shielding structure. The optical structure is located on the light-emitting path from the backlight source of the display panel to the light-emitting surface of the display panel. The optical structure includes at least one lens, and the lens is at least used to converge the light emitted by the backlight source; the positive projection of the lens on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the opening area of the sub-pixel; the light-shielding structure includes a part located in the driving structure layer and a part located in the color film layer, and the positive projection of the light-shielding structure on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the edge of the opening area.

[0081] In the display panel of this embodiment, the light-shielding structure overlaps with the edge of the opening area Po. In this way, color crosstalk between sub-pixels can be avoided through the light-shielding structure. On this basis, the light from the backlight source can be converged through the lens, thereby increasing the display brightness of the emitted light. In this way, an energy gain within 10° of light emission can also be provided for the display device.

[0082] Next, the display panel in the embodiment of the present utility model will be exemplarily described with reference to the drawings.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 1 - 4 and Figure 8a and Figure 8b as shown, Figure 1FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a display panel of this embodiment, Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a display panel according to an embodiment of the utility model. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the driving structure layer 14 of the display panel in this embodiment, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a planar structure of a sub-pixel in a display panel in an embodiment of the present utility model. Please first refer to the display panel including:

[0084] A plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel comprising a liquid crystal 3, and a color filter layer 21 and a driving structure layer 14 respectively located on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal 3; wherein at least one sub-pixel further comprises:

[0085] An optical structure is located on a light-emitting path from a backlight source of a display panel to a light-emitting surface of the display panel, and the optical structure includes at least one lens, and the lens is at least used to converge light emitted from the backlight source; an orthographic projection of the lens on a plane of the display panel overlaps with an opening area of ​​a sub-pixel;

[0086] The shading structure includes a portion located at the driving structure layer 14 and a portion located at the color filter layer 21 , and an orthographic projection of the shading structure on the plane of the display panel overlaps with an edge of the opening area.

[0087] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the display panel as a whole can be composed of a backlight plate (the light source shown in the figure), a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2, and a liquid crystal 3 filled between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, wherein after the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are buckled, the liquid crystal 3 is filled between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, and the backlight plate can be arranged on the side of the first substrate 1 away from the second substrate 2, and the backlight plate is used to provide the light source of the display panel. The first substrate 1 can be an array substrate, and a driving structure layer 14 is arranged on the first substrate 1, and the second substrate 2 can be a color filter substrate, and a color filter layer 21 is arranged on the second substrate 2.

[0088] Among them, Figure 2 As shown, the display panel may include a display area AA and a non-display area FAA, wherein a plurality of pixel units PX are arranged in an array in the display area AA, and each pixel unit PX includes three sub-pixels corresponding to different colors, such as a red sub-pixel PX1, a blue sub-pixel PX2, and a green sub-pixel PX3.

[0089] Among them, Figure 3As shown, a plurality of sub-pixel regions Pa can be arranged in an array in the driving structure layer 14 on one side of the first substrate 1. Each sub-pixel region Pa corresponds to a sub-pixel. In the sub-pixel region Pa, there is a pixel circuit Pc, and the pixel circuit Pc includes at least one thin-film transistor. On one side of the first substrate 1, a data driver and a scan driver are provided. The data driver is connected to a plurality of data lines S (including S1, S2, S3, S5, and Sn), and the scan driver is connected to a plurality of gate lines G (including G1, G2, G3, and Gm). The plurality of gate lines G and the plurality of data lines S intersect to define a plurality of sub-pixel regions Pa. The data line S provides a driving voltage for the pixel circuit Pc, and the gate line G provides a start voltage for the pixel circuit Pc. In addition, there are also a plurality of reset signal lines E (including E1, E2, E3, and Ei), and the reset signal line provides a reset signal for the pixel circuit Pc.

[0090] Among them, as Figure 8a shown, for each sub-pixel, the structure of the sub-pixel can include a liquid crystal 3, color film layers 21 on both sides of the liquid crystal 3, and a driving structure layer 14. The color film layer 21 can be located on the second substrate 2, and the driving structure layer 14 can be located on the first substrate 1.

[0091] Among them, the color film layer 21 can also be called a color filter, which can include a plurality of color film units. Each color film unit corresponds to a sub-pixel. A pixel unit PX includes a plurality of color film units of different colors, such as a green color film, a blue color film, and a red color film, so that the light incident on the color film layer 21 from the light source through the liquid crystal 3 is filtered by the corresponding color film and emits green light, blue light, and red light.

[0092] As Figure 4 shown, the sub-pixel region Pa of a sub-pixel can include an opening region Po. The opening region Po can be understood as a light-transmitting region, which is the region in the sub-pixel region Pa that allows light to pass through. That is, when the liquid crystal 3 deflects a certain angle, the light emitted from the backlight panel exits from the opening region Po. Among them, the orthographic projection of the color film unit can cover the opening region Po. The region in the sub-pixel region Pa other than the opening region Po can be called a light-shielding region, which does not allow light to pass through.

[0093] In this embodiment, an optical structure can also be included in each sub-pixel. The optical structure can include at least one lens, such as including one lens or a plurality of lenses. In the case of including one lens, the lens can be disposed on one side of the first substrate 1, or can be disposed on one side of the second substrate 2, as Figure 8a and Figure 8b shown. A sub-pixel includes one lens, and the lens is disposed on one side of the second substrate for converging the light emitted from the color film layer. Among them, the lens for converging the light can be a convex lens.

[0094] The orthographic projection of the shading structure on the plane overlaps with the edge of the opening area Po. Specifically, the shading structure can be arranged along the circumference of the edge of the opening area Po, and it can enclose a light-transmitting area. Specifically, the shading structure includes a portion arranged on the driving structure layer and a portion of the color film layer, so that the shading structure can include at least two shading layers, and the at least two shading layers can block the light emitted by the backlight source near the edge area of ​​the sub-pixel, and form a light-transmitting area of ​​the light emitted by the light source in the middle area of ​​the sub-pixel, thereby avoiding color crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels. At the same time, since the lens in the optical structure is at least used to converge the light emitted by the backlight source, in this way, the light output intensity is enhanced in each sub-pixel, thereby improving the light output gain.

[0095] In an exemplary display panel of this embodiment, the driving structure layer 14 may include a source-drain electrode layer 15. The source-drain electrode layer 15 may refer to the source-drain electrode of the thin film transistor in the pixel circuit Pc, specifically including the source and drain of the thin film transistor. The source and drain may be arranged in the same layer. Generally, the source may be connected to the data line S (including S1, S2, S3 and S4), and the drain may be connected to the pixel electrode. Among them, the shading structure may include a first shading layer 16 and a second shading layer 25. The first shading layer 16 may be located on the side of the source-drain electrode layer 15 close to the liquid crystal 3. Taking FIG. 5 as an example, the first shading layer 16 is located between the source-drain electrode layer 15 and the liquid crystal 3. The second shading layer 25 may be located on the side of the color filter layer 21 away from the liquid crystal 3. Furthermore, as Figure 8a As shown, the second light shielding layer 25 is located between the color filter layer 21 and the lens 210 , so that the first light shielding layer 16 is closer to the light source than the second light shielding layer 25 .

[0096] Among them, the first light-shielding layer 16 may include a metal material, such as the same metal material as the source and drain electrode layer 15, or it may be different from the metal material of the source and drain electrode layer 15. The width of the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer 16 on the plane of the display panel may be greater than the width of the orthographic projection of the source and drain electrode layer 15 on the plane of the display panel, so that the first light-shielding layer 16 can block the light at the edge of the sub-pixel area Pa to avoid color crosstalk between sub-pixels.

[0097] The second light shielding layer 25 can also be called a black matrix layer, which can be formed of a black material, such as titanium dioxide, and the second light shielding layer 25 defines the opening area Po of multiple sub-pixels. In this way, the first light shielding layer 16 and the second light shielding layer 25 can both be used to block the light emitted by the light source near the edge area of ​​the sub-pixel, and form an equivalent light emitting area of ​​the light source in the middle area of ​​the sub-pixel, and the first lens 12 is used to converge the light in the equivalent light emitting area.

[0098] Among them, the width of the first light-shielding layer 16 can be greater than the width of the second light-shielding layer 25. Specifically, the width of the orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer 16 on the plane of the display panel can be greater than the width of the orthographic projection of the second light-shielding layer 25 on the plane of the display panel. In one example, the central axes of the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25 overlap, and the optical axis of the lens in the optical structure has an offset distance relative to the central axis, and this offset distance can be between 1 μm and 1.5 μm, such as 1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm or 1.5 μm. Further, it can be between 1.2 μm and 1.4 μm.

[0099] Among them, taking Figure 6 as an example, the central axis can refer to the central axis CA2 of the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25 in the normal direction of the display panel, and the optical axis can refer to the central axis of the lens.

[0100] Among them, the orthographic projections of the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25 on the plane can both overlap with the orthographic projection of the lens on the plane. In this way, the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25 can block the light rays converged by the third lens at the edge of the opening area Po, further avoiding color crosstalk between sub-pixels.

[0101] Among them, the overlap means that there is an overlap at the edges of the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25 and the edge of the lens.

[0102] In the display panel provided in some embodiments, taking Figure 8a and Figure 8b as an example, the optical structure includes a third lens, and the third lens is located on the side of the color filter layer away from the liquid crystal, and the third lens is used to converge the light rays emitted by the color filter layer.

[0103] Such as Figure 8a and Figure 8b shown, the sub-pixels in the display panel include a light-shielding structure, and this light-shielding structure also includes a first light-shielding layer 16 and a second light-shielding layer 25. Among them, a third lens 210 is provided on the second substrate 2, and the third lens 210 is located on the side of the color filter layer 21 away from the liquid crystal. A planarization layer 22 is provided between the third lens 210 and the color filter layer 21. The third lens 210 can be used to converge the light rays emitted by the color filter layer 21, thereby improving the brightness gain of the sub-pixels and reducing color crosstalk between sub-pixels.

[0104] In some embodiments, the third lens is disposed in the middle region of the sub-pixel region, and the peak of the brightness within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel region is located at the central position of the sub-pixel region.

[0105] In still other embodiments, the third lens is disposed in the middle region deviating from the sub-pixel region, so that the peak of the brightness within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel region deviates from the center position of the sub-pixel region.

[0106] In some embodiments, a flat layer is further disposed between the third lens and the color filter layer. By setting the refractive indices of the flat layer and the third lens, a better light-emitting gain can be achieved.

[0107] Next, the display panel provided with the third lens will be described.

[0108] In an exemplary display panel, the central axis of the third lens may coincide with or deviate from the central axis of the sub-pixel region Pa by a certain distance.

[0109] As Figure 8a shown, the central axis of the third lens in Figure 8b coincides with the central axis of the sub-pixel region Pa, and the central axis of the third lens in

[0110] deviates from the central axis of the sub-pixel region Pa. Based on the requirement that the field of view FOV is 105°, the light-emitting angle requirements of a 2.1-inch display panel are calculated and analyzed. For example, as Figure 10 shown in the schematic diagram of the viewing angle requirements corresponding to different positions on the display panel, where the abscissa is the position on the display panel, i.e., the image height, and the ordinate is the angle. Curves 1, 2, and 3 are the relationship curves between the positions and angles corresponding to the smaller pupil point rays, the principal rays, and the larger pupil point rays, respectively.

[0111] As Figure 10 shown, the desired peak brightness is not in the direction directly facing the display panel, i.e., 0°, but in the direction at an angle of 10° with this direction. Figure 10 The plus and minus signs shown only represent the direction of the angle and do not represent the magnitude of the angle. Assuming that the light-emitting requirement of the display panel is that the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) is greater than or equal to 8.57°, as Figure 10 shown, since it is selected to shift the peak brightness within the light-emitting viewing angle from 0° to near 10°, correspondingly, the angle corresponding to the left edge position of the display panel is 0°, and the angle corresponding to the right edge position is -9.17°. Among them, for the left edge position, the angle corresponding to the smaller pupil point ray is +8.57°, and the angle corresponding to the larger pupil point ray is -8.57°, and the light-emitting requirement of FWHM≥8.75° needs to be satisfied; correspondingly, for the right edge position, the angle corresponding to the smaller pupil point ray is -9.17° + 8.57° = -1.84°, and the angle corresponding to the larger pupil point ray is -9.17° - 8.57° = -16.73°, and the light-emitting requirement of FWHM≥8.75° also needs to be satisfied.

[0112] Based on the results of theoretical calculations, a simulation model can be established to obtain Figure 11 the simulation results as shown. Figure 11 It shows the light-emitting angle spectra after translating the third lens in Figure 8b by different distances. Among them, the abscissa is the light-emitting angle, the ordinate is the luminance. Curve 1 is the light-emitting angle spectrum of the sub-pixel when the third lens has no offset relative to the center of the pixel unit PX. Curves 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are the light-emitting angle spectra of the sub-pixel when the third lens is translated by distances of 0.2μm, 0.4μm, 0.6μm, 0.8μm, 1.0μm, 1.2μm, and 1.4μm relative to the center of the sub-pixel, respectively. It can be seen that after the light is collected by the third lens, the angular range corresponding to the FWHM of each curve is ±10.06°, meeting the light-emitting requirement of the above-mentioned display panel, that is, FWHM≥8.57°. As Figure 11 shown, the peak luminance can be offset to around 10° by translating the third lens by about 1.4μm, thereby meeting Figure 10 the viewing angle requirement as shown.

[0113] Thus, even when the third lens deviates from the central axis of the sub-pixel region Pa, the viewing angle requirement can still be met.

[0114] In another exemplary display panel, in the case of including the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25, a third lens 210 can be provided on the side of the color filter layer 21 facing away from the liquid crystal 3. The third lens 210 can be used to converge light, such as a convex lens. In this way, the light-emitting gain can also be improved.

[0115] For this setting, if the third lens 210 is to play the role of luminance gain, the width of the second light-shielding layer 25, the width of the first light-shielding layer 16, the distance between the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25, and the distance between the third lens 210 and the second light-shielding layer 25 need to satisfy formula (1).

[0116] W1 / W2=H1 / (H1+H2) (1);

[0117] wherein, W1 is the width of the second light-shielding layer 25, W2 is the width of the first light-shielding layer 16, H1 is the distance between the third lens 210 and the second light-shielding layer 25, and H2 is the distance between the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25.

[0118] According to formula (1), the distance H1 between the third lens 210 and the second light-shielding layer 25 can be calculated, thereby determining the placement position of the third lens 210. For example, the thickness of the second flat layer 22 (located between the third lens 210 and the color film layer 21) can be set equal to H1. For example, when W1 = 1 μm and W2 = 2.8 μm, H1 = 2.22 μm can be calculated.

[0119] Next, the sag height of the third lens 210 can be calculated through formulas (2) to (5). The width of the third lens 210 is set to be less than or equal to the width of the sub-pixel. Here, in order to obtain the maximum light-receiving size, the width of the third lens 210 can be set equal to the width of the sub-pixel.

[0120] f / [f - (H1 + H2)] = D3 / D2 (2);

[0121] D2 = D3 - W2 (3);

[0122] f = R / Δn (4);

[0123] R2 = (R - h)2 + (D3 / 2)2 (5);

[0124] Wherein, h is the sag height of the third lens 210, f is the focal length of the third lens 210, D3 is the width of the third lens 210, D2 is the width of the equivalent light-emitting region formed by the first light-shielding layer 16, R is the radius of curvature of the third lens 210, and Δn is the difference between the refractive index of the third lens 210 and the refractive index of the environment of the third lens 210.

[0125] Specifically, according to the width D3 of the third lens 210 and the width W2 of the first light-shielding layer 16, the width D2 of the equivalent light-emitting region is determined in combination with formula (2). Furthermore, according to the width D3 of the third lens 210, the width D2 of the equivalent light-emitting region, the distance H1 between the third lens 210 and the second light-shielding layer 25, and the distance H2 between the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25, the focal length f of the third lens 210 is calculated in combination with formula (4). Since the focal length f of the third lens 210 is related to the radius of curvature R and the refractive index difference Δn between the third lens 210 and its surrounding environment, according to formula (4), the radius of curvature R of the third lens 210 can be calculated. Furthermore, according to the radius of curvature R of the third lens 210, the sag height h of the third lens 210 is calculated in combination with formula (5). After determining the width D2 and sag height h of the third lens 210, the basic shape of the third lens 210 can be determined.

[0126] For example, when H1 = 2.22 μm, the focal length f of the third lens 210 can be calculated according to formulas (2) and (3) as f = 11 μm. According to formulas (4) and (5), when Δn = 0.38, the sag h of the third lens 210 is calculated as h = 1 μm. Here, Δn is the difference between the refractive index of the third lens 210 and the refractive index of the environment of the third lens 210, that is, the difference between the refractive index of the third lens 210 and the refractive index of the material of the flat layer 140. Among them, the larger the refractive index difference Δn, the smaller the required sag h.

[0127] Figure 21 The relationship between the sag h and the focal length f of the third lens 210 is shown under different refractive index differences Δn. Curves 1, 2, and 3 are the relationship curves between the sag h and the focal length f when Δn = 1.8 - 1.3 = 0.5, Δn = 1.8 - 1.42 = 0.38, and Δn = 1.9 - 1.3 = 0.6 respectively. It can be seen that when the focal length f is the same, the larger the refractive index difference Δn, the

[0128] smaller the required sag h.

[0129] According to the results of theoretical calculations, a simulation model can be established to obtain Figure 22 the simulation results shown. Among them, Figure 22 (a) shows the relationship between the sag h and the gain magnification of brightness within 18°. Here, 18° means that the light emitted from the sub-pixel is collected within 18°. It can be seen that the gain magnification of the brightness of the third lens 210 is the largest when the sag h = 1.2 μm. Due to the influence of factors such as the spherical aberration of the third lens 210, there is a difference between the simulated sag of 1.2 μm and the sag of 1 μm calculated using the above formulas (5) to (8), but this difference is acceptable. Therefore, the sag h = 1.2 can be selected as the result used in the final design of the third lens 210.

[0130] Figure 22 (b) shows the emission angular spectrum of the pixel under different sags h. Among them, the abscissa is the emission angle, and the ordinate is the brightness. Curves 1, 2, 3, and 4 are the emission angular spectra of the pixel when the third lens 210 is not provided, the sag h of the third lens 210 = 0.8 μm, the sag h of the third lens 210 = 1 μm, and the sag h of the third lens 210 = 1.2 μm respectively. It can be seen that adding the third lens 210 to the sub-pixel can increase the overall light transmission within the emission viewing angle by about 33.42%.

[0131] As shown above, the third lens 210 in the embodiment of the present application can be disposed in the middle region of the sub-pixel. The peak of the luminance within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel is located at the center position of the sub-pixel, which is equivalent to deflecting the light with a large viewing angle into the positive viewing angle, thereby enhancing the luminance within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel.

[0132] Based on this, adding the third lens 210 for converging light in the sub-pixel can increase the light-emitting luminance. Among them, the third lens 210 in the embodiment of the present application can be disposed in the middle region of the sub-pixel. The peak of the luminance within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel is located at the center position of the sub-pixel, which is equivalent to deflecting the light with a large viewing angle into the positive viewing angle, thereby enhancing the luminance within the light-emitting viewing angle of the sub-pixel. Specifically, reference can be made to the above-described embodiment.

[0133] In the display panel proposed in another embodiment, reference can be made to Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, the optical structure may include a first optical structure and a second optical structure. Correspondingly, the light-shielding structure is located between the first optical structure and the second optical structure; the first optical structure is located on the side of the driving structure layer 14 away from the liquid crystal and includes a first lens 12, and the first lens 12 is configured to converge the light emitted by the light source. The second optical structure is located on the side of the color filter layer 21 away from the liquid crystal and includes a second lens 23, and the second lens 23 is configured to diverge the light converged by the first lens 12. Among them, the orthographic projections of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 on the plane of the display panel both overlap with the opening region Po of the sub-pixel, and the orthographic projection of the first lens 12 on the plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second lens 23 on the plane, and the orthographic projection of the light-shielding structure on the plane overlaps with the edge of the opening region Po.

[0134] In the display panel of this embodiment, the light-shielding structure overlaps with the edge of the opening region Po. In this way, color crosstalk between sub-pixels can be avoided through the light-shielding structure. On this basis, the light of the light source can be converged through the first lens 12, and the light converged by the first lens 12 can be diverged through the second lens 23, thereby improving the display luminance of the emitted light. In this way, an energy gain within 10° of the emitted light can also be provided for the display device.

[0135] Next, the display panel having the first lens and the second lens in this embodiment will be described exemplarily with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0136] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5b As shown, Figure 5a and Figure 5b are schematic cross-sectional structures of two sub-pixels in the embodiment of the present invention. As Figures 1 - 5bAs shown, the display panel in this embodiment may include a plurality of sub-pixels. The sub-pixels include liquid crystal 3, and a color filter layer 21 and a driving structure layer 14 located on opposite sides of the liquid crystal 3 respectively; wherein, at least one sub-pixel further includes:

[0137] A first optical structure, located on the side of the driving structure layer 14 away from the liquid crystal 3, includes a first lens 12, and the first lens 12 is configured to converge the light emitted by the light source.

[0138] A second optical structure, located on the side of the color filter layer 21 away from the liquid crystal 3, includes a second lens 23, and the second lens 23 is configured to diverge the light converged by the first lens 12.

[0139] The above-mentioned light-shielding structure is located between the first optical structure and the second optical structure;

[0140] Wherein, the positive projections of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 on the plane of the display panel both overlap with the opening area Po of the sub-pixel, the positive projection of the first lens 12 on the plane overlaps with the positive projection of the second lens 23 on the plane, and the positive projection of the light-shielding structure on the plane overlaps with the edge of the opening area Po.

[0141] Wherein, a first optical structure is provided on the side of the driving structure layer 14 away from the liquid crystal 3. Figure 4 For example, the first optical structure may be located on the side of the first substrate 1 away from the second substrate 2 and between the first substrate 1 and the backlight panel. The first optical structure may include a first lens 12, and the first lens 12 may be configured to converge the light emitted by the backlight panel. The converged light passes through the area between the light-shielding structures and then reaches the color filter layer 21, and after being filtered by the corresponding color filter unit in the color filter layer 21, it is incident on the second optical structure.

[0142] Wherein, the second optical structure includes a second lens 23, and the second lens 23 may be configured to scatter the light filtered by the color filter layer 21.

[0143] In this embodiment, the positive projection of the first lens 12 on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the opening area Po of the sub-pixel. In one example, the positive projection of the first lens 12 on the plane of the display panel may be located within the opening area Po of the sub-pixel.

[0144] Wherein, the positive projection of the second lens 23 on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the opening area Po of the sub-pixel. In one example, the positive projection of the second lens 23 on the plane of the display panel may be located within the opening area Po of the sub-pixel. In one embodiment, the positive projection of the second lens 23 on the plane of the display panel may fall within the positive projection of the first lens 12 on the plane of the display panel.

[0145] Among them, the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship. For example, within a sub-pixel, it includes the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 that cooperates with the first lens 12.

[0146] Among them, the positive projection of the light-shielding structure on the plane overlaps with the edge of the opening region Po. Specifically, the light-shielding structure can be arranged circumferentially along the edge of the opening region Po, and it can enclose a light-passing region. Specifically, the light-shielding structure is arranged between the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 and is located between the backlight panel and the second lens 23. It can be used to block the light from the backlight panel near the edge region of the sub-pixel and form a light-passing region for the light emitted by the light source in the middle region of the sub-pixel.

[0147] Please refer to Figure 6 as shown in Figure 6 which shows a schematic diagram of the light path of the light emitted by the backlight panel in a sub-pixel. As Figure 6 shown, the light emitted by the backlight panel first enters the first lens 12 and is converged by the first lens 12 and then enters the first substrate 1. In this way, the first lens 12 can converge the light emitted by the light source. The converged light passes through the light-passing region between the light-shielding structures to improve the brightness within the light-emitting angle of the sub-pixel, and the converged light will not crosstalk to adjacent sub-pixels in the light-passing region of the sub-pixel, thus avoiding the color crosstalk problem between adjacent sub-pixels.

[0148] Among them, the converged light passes through the color filter unit for color filtering and then enters the second lens 23. The second lens 23 can diverge the incident light, such as diverging it into parallel light, so as to ensure the light-emitting efficiency of the sub-pixel.

[0149] In one example, the positive projection of the second light-shielding layer 25 on the plane and the positive projection of the second light-shielding layer 25 on the plane can both overlap with the positive projection of the second lens 23 on the plane. Thus, it can increase the light-emitting efficiency of the light emitted by the second lens 23, so that the light emitted from the opening region Po is all diverged by the second lens 23, which helps to improve the light-emitting gain.

[0150] In this embodiment, the color crosstalk between adjacent sub-pixels can be avoided through the light-shielding structure. By setting the first lens 12 to converge the light emitted by the light source first to improve the light-emitting brightness, and then diverging it through the second lens 23 to improve the light-emitting efficiency, the energy gain within 10° of the light emission of the display panel can be ensured.

[0151] In some embodiments, the geometric centers of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 can coincide, and the geometric centers of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 coincide with the geometric center of the sub-pixel region Pa.

[0152] Among them, the geometric center may refer to the central axis CA of the sub-pixel region Pa in the normal direction of the display panel. In this way, when the central axes of the first lens 12, the second lens 23, and the sub-pixel region Pa coincide, as Figure 7 shown, the light converged by the first lens 12 can converge in the central region of the sub-pixel region Pa, and when passing through the second lens 23, it can diverge around the center of the sub-pixel region Pa, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency and further avoiding color crosstalk between sub-pixels.

[0153] In some examples, the geometric centers of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 coincide with the geometric center of the opening region Po in the sub-pixel region Pa.

[0154] In still other embodiments, when the central axes of the first lens 12, the second lens 23, and the opening region Po coincide, the central axes of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 may deviate from the central axes of the first light-shielding layer 16 and the second light-shielding layer 25.

[0155] For the display panel provided in this embodiment, since the first lens 12 for converging light and the second lens 23 for diverging light are sequentially arranged in the direction from the light source to the liquid crystal layer 3, the light is first converged and then diverged on the light extraction path. When the central axes of the first lens 12, the second lens 23, and the sub-pixel region Pa coincide, it can satisfy the energy gain within 10° of light extraction. That is to say, when it is necessary to satisfy the energy gain within 10° of light extraction, the central axes of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 can be adjusted to coincide with the central axis of the sub-pixel region Pa to achieve the energy gain within 10° of light extraction.

[0156] In some embodiments, since the first lens 12 needs to converge light, the first lens 12 may be a convex lens. Since the second lens 23 needs to diverge light, the second lens 23

[0157] may be a concave lens.

[0158] In this embodiment, a convex lens refers to a lens whose thickness in the middle region is greater than that in the edge region, and a concave lens refers to a lens whose thickness in the middle region is less than that in the edge region. Among them, the morphologies of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 may be spherical morphologies, such as ellipsoidal morphologies or spherical morphologies.

[0159] In one embodiment, the material of the second lens 23 includes any one of glass and silicon nitride. For example, the second lens 23 may be glass or silicon nitride. Among them, when the second lens 23 is formed of glass, the display panel may not include the transparent cover plate 24, such as Figure 5bAs shown, on one side of the second substrate 2, the second optical structure of the display panel can serve as the cover plate 24. In this way, one process step is reduced, the process is simplified, and costs are saved.

[0160] Next, taking the first lens 12 as a convex lens and the second lens 23 as a concave lens as an example, the display panel will be exemplarily described.

[0161] In the display panel proposed in one embodiment, as Figure 5a and Figure 5b shown, on the side of the second substrate 2 of the display panel close to the liquid crystal 3 layer, there may further be an adhesive layer 4. The adhesive layer 4 is located between the color filter layer 21 and the liquid crystal 3, and on the side of the second optical structure facing away from the liquid crystal 3, there is also a transparent cover plate 24 (or it may not include). Between the first optical structure of the display panel and the second substrate 2, there is also a planarization layer (the first planarization layer 13). The first lens 12 can be fabricated on the transparent substrate 11, and the transparent substrate 11 can be a glass substrate 11 or a substrate 11 of other transparent materials.

[0162] Among them, a planarization layer (the second planarization layer 22) can be provided between the second lens 23 and the color filter layer 21. Thus, through the refractive index matching between the lens and the planarization layer, the light extraction gain can be improved.

[0163] In this embodiment, between the first optical structure and the second substrate 2, there is also a first planarization layer 13, and between the second optical structure and the color filter layer 21, there may also be a second planarization layer 22. As Figure 5a shown, for each sub-pixel, the sub-pixel may further include a first planarization layer 13 and a second planarization layer 22. The first planarization layer 13 is located on the side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal 3; the second planarization layer 22 is located on the side of the second optical structure close to the liquid crystal 3; among them, the refractive index of the second lens 23 is greater than that of the second planarization layer 22, and the refractive index of the first lens 12 is greater than that of the first planarization layer 13.

[0164] In this embodiment, the first planarization layer 13 is disposed between the first lens 12 and the second substrate 2, which can play a role in planarizing the first lens 12, and can adjust the position of the first lens 12 by adjusting the thickness of the first planarization layer 13. For example, the height of the first lens 12 can be adjusted, and this height can refer to the vertical distance between the first lens 12 and the light-shielding structure.

[0165] In this embodiment, the second flat layer 22 is disposed between the second lens 23 and the color filter layer 21 (the second light shielding layer 25), and can play a role in flattening the side of the second lens 23 close to the color filter layer 21, and the position of the second lens 23 can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the second flat layer 22. For example, the placement height of the second lens 23 can be adjusted, and the placement height refers to the vertical distance between the second lens 23 and the first flat layer 13.

[0166] In this embodiment, the planar layer may be formed of a transparent inorganic material or an organic material. Based on the leveling effect of the organic material, the planar layer may be formed of a transparent organic material.

[0167] In order to obtain energy gain within 10° of the light output, the second lens 23 and the second flat layer 22 may be matched with high and low refractive indexes to increase the light output. If the second lens 23 is located on the side of the second flat layer 22 away from the liquid crystal 3, the refractive index of the second lens 23 may be greater than the refractive index of the second flat layer 22, that is, the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 is less than the refractive index of the second lens 23. In this way, the light converged by the first lens 12 passes through the second flat layer 22 and is incident on the second lens 23. The refractive index of the second lens 23 is relatively large, so that the light diverging from the second lens 23 is relatively converged, thereby further improving the brightness of the light output and further improving the energy gain within 10° of the light output.

[0168] The refractive index matching between the second lens 23 and the second flat layer 22 can be determined according to the material of the second lens 23 .

[0169] In one embodiment, the material of the second lens 23 includes any one of glass and silicon nitride. For example, the second lens 23 can be glass or silicon nitride. In one example, when the second lens 23 is glass, that is, when the second lens 23 is etched from glass, the refractive index of the second lens 23 can be 1.5, and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 can be 1.3. In another example, when the second lens 23 is SiNx (silicon nitride), that is, when the second lens 23 is etched from silicon nitride, the refractive index of the second lens 23 can be 1.87, and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 can be 1.46.

[0170] In some embodiments, in order to obtain energy gain within 10° of light emission, a high-low refractive index combination may be used between the first lens 12 and the first flat layer 13 to increase light emission. If the first lens 12 is located on the side of the first flat layer 13 away from the liquid crystal 3, the refractive index of the first lens 12 may be smaller than the refractive index of the first flat layer 13, that is, the refractive index of the first flat layer 13 is greater than the refractive index of the first lens 12. In this way, after the light rays converged by the light source are converged by the first lens 12, they can be further converged by refraction of the first flat layer 13.

[0171] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the optical path is lossless and the light output end is collimated, the parameters of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 need to satisfy their respective corresponding formulas to achieve energy gain within 10° of the light output.

[0172] First, for the first lens 12, the arch height of the first lens 12 satisfies the following formula (6):

[0173]

[0174] Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer 13, L1 is the vertical distance between the first flat layer 13 and the second flat layer 22, L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer 14 on the side away from the liquid crystal 3 to the first shading layer 16, h1 is the arch height of the first lens 12, p is the aperture of the first lens 12, Δn1 is the refractive index difference between the first lens 12 and the first flat layer 13, a represents the width of the first shading layer in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second shading layer in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source and drain layer in the plane direction of the display panel.

[0175] In this example, please combine Figure 7 As shown, p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel area Pa of the sub-pixel, wherein the aperture of the first lens 12 may be equal to the minimum size of the sub-pixel area Pa.

[0176] Wherein, Max(a, b, c) refers to the maximum value of the widths of the first light shielding layer 16, the second light shielding layer 25 and the source-drain electrode layer 15 in the sub-pixel.

[0177] Here, Δn1 is the absolute value of the refractive index difference between the second lens 23 and the second flat layer 22 .

[0178] In this example, the arch height h1 of the first lens 12 is related to the position of the first lens 12 , the vertical distance between the first flat layer 13 and the second flat layer 22 (which can be understood as the placement height of the second lens 23 ), and the height of the first shading layer 16 .

[0179] Secondly, for the second lens 23, the arch height and the aperture of the second lens 23 can satisfy the following formula (7):

[0180]

[0181] Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer 13, L1 is the vertical distance between the first flat layer 13 and the second flat layer 22, L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer 14 on the side away from the liquid crystal 3 to the c metal layer, h2 is the arch height of the second lens 23, D2 is the aperture of the second lens 23, Δn2 is the refractive index difference between the second lens 23 and the second flat layer 22, p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel region Pa of the sub-pixel, a represents the width of the first light-shielding layer in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second light-shielding layer in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source-drain layer in the plane direction of the display panel.

[0182] Wherein, Max(a, b, c) refers to the maximum value among the widths of the first light-shielding layer 16, the second light-shielding layer 25, and the source-drain layer 15 in the sub-pixel in the plane direction parallel to the display panel. Wherein, a represents the width of the first light-shielding layer 16 in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second light-shielding layer 25 in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source-drain layer 15 in the plane direction of the display panel. This width can refer to the size in the horizontal arrangement direction of the sub-pixel, such as the size in the gate line direction.

[0183] Wherein, Δn2 is the absolute value of the refractive index difference between the second lens 23 and the second flat layer 22.

[0184] In this example, the arch height h2 and the aperture of the first lens 12 are related to the position of the second lens 23, the vertical distance between the first flat layer 13 and the second flat layer 22 (which can be understood as the placement height of the second lens 23), and the height of the first light-shielding layer 16.

[0185] When the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 respectively satisfy their corresponding relational expressions, it can ensure lossless light path and collimation of the light output end, achieving the maximum light output gain.

[0186] In some embodiments, the aperture of the second lens 23 can be greater than the projection distance of the first lens 12 after focusing on the upper surface of the light output surface. Thus, it can ensure that the second lens 23 can diverge the light converged by the first lens 12 to improve the light output efficiency of the sub-pixel.

[0187] Correspondingly, the aperture D2 of the second lens 23 needs to satisfy the following relational expression (8):

[0188]

[0189] Wherein, f1 is the focal length of the first lens 12, and f2 is the focal length of the second lens 23.

[0190] In the display panel provided in some embodiments, the aperture of the first lens 12 may be larger than the aperture of the second lens 23. Exemplarily, the aperture of the first lens 12 may be equal to the minimum size of the sub-pixel region Pa, and the aperture of the second lens 23 may be smaller than the minimum size of the sub-pixel region Pa.

[0191] In the display panel provided in some embodiments, the sagittal height of the first lens 12 may be greater than the sagittal height of the second lens

[0192] 23.

[0193] In an example of this embodiment, taking the 2117PPI pixel structure as an example, the size of the pixel opening region Po is 6*8μm, the distance L2 between the surfaces of the first planar layer 13 to the side facing away from the first planar layer 13 of the first light-shielding layer 16 is 2.5μm, the distance between the first light-shielding layer 16 and the surface of the liquid crystal layer 3 close to the first planar layer 13 is 1.6μm, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 4 between the liquid crystal 3 and the color filter layer 21 is 0.6μm. The focal length requirements of the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 and the minimum aperture requirements of the second lens 23 are simulated to obtain Figure 12 the schematic diagram of the results described above. Based on Figure 12 as shown, the thickness of the first planar layer 13 and the second planar layer 22 can be selected to be 4μm, the sagittal height of the first lens 12 is 0.8μm, the sagittal height of the second lens 23 is approximately 0.4μm, and the aperture of the second lens 23 is 3μm, so as to satisfy the above formulas (1), (2), and (3).

[0194] In some embodiments, the first distance between the aperture of the first lens 12 and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa of the sub-pixel is smaller than the second distance between the aperture of the second lens 23 and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa.

[0195] In this embodiment, the distance may refer to the difference between the aperture of the lens and the size P of the sub-pixel region Pa. Among them, the first distance between the aperture of the first lens 12 and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa of the sub-pixel may be less than 0.5μm. For example, it may be approximately 0. In this way, the aperture of the first lens 12 may be consistent with the minimum size of the sub-pixel region Pa.

[0196] Among them, the second distance may be greater than 0.5μm, and the distance difference between the first distance and the second distance may be greater than 0.5μm.

[0197] In some embodiments, the topography of the first lens 12 can be used to converge the light emitted by the light source. Its topography is related to the gain within 10 degrees. The influence of the first distance of the first lens 12 on the gain within 10 degrees is simulated, and the simulation results can be referred to Figure 14 as shown, such as Figure 14As shown, when the first spacing is 0 μm, the influence of the BLU divergence angle of the first lens 12 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as follows Figure 14 shown by curve 1 in Figure 14 ; when the first spacing is 0.5 μm, the influence of the BLU (back light unit) divergence angle of the first lens 12 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be Figure 14 shown by curve 2 in

[0198] ; when the first spacing is 1 μm, the influence of the BLU divergence angle of the first lens 12 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as follows Figure 14 shown by curve 3 in

[0199] ; when the first spacing is 1.5 μm, the influence of the BLU divergence angle of the first lens 12 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be Figure 12 and Figure 14 shown by curve 4 in

[0200] In the display panel provided in this embodiment, considering that the lens with a spherical morphology has certain aberrations, in order to achieve an ideal focal length, the influence of different morphologies (aperture and arch height) of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees was simulated and analyzed at the same second spacing. The results are as follows Figure 13 and Figure 15 shown, where Figure 13 the refractive index of the second lens 23 in Figure 15 is 1.87 and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 is 1.3,

[0201] ; the refractive index of the second lens 23 in Figure 13 is 1.5 and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 is 1.3. Figure 13 As shown in Figure 13 , when the second spacing is 0 μm, the influence of the arch height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as follows Figure 13 shown by curve 1 in Figure 13As shown by curve 4 in the figure; when the second spacing is 2 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 13 shown by curve 5 in the figure; when the second spacing is 2.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 13 shown by curve 6 in the figure; when the second spacing is 3 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 13 shown by curve 7 in the figure.

[0202] As Figure 15 shown, when the second spacing is 0 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 1 in the figure; when the second spacing is 0.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 2 in the figure; when the second spacing is 1 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 3 in the figure; when the second spacing is 1.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 4 in the figure; when the second spacing is 2 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 5 in the figure; when the second spacing is 2.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 6 in the figure; when the second spacing is 3 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 7 in the figure; when the second spacing is 3.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 8 in the figure; when the second spacing is 4 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 9 in the figure; when the second spacing is 4.5 μm, the influence of the sag height of the second lens 23 on the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees can be as Figure 15 shown by curve 10 in the figure.

[0203] As Figure 15 can be seen, when the sag height of the second lens is between 1 - 1.5 μm and the second spacing is 3 μm, the gain within 10 degrees is maximized at approximately 73%. Moreover, when the second spacing is between 0 - 3.5 μm and the sag height of the second lens is between 0.5 μm - 1.5 μm, there is gain.

[0204] Combined withFigure 13 and Figure 15 As shown in the simulation results, in the display panel in some embodiments, the arch height of the second lens 23 can be 0.5 - 1.5 μm, and the second spacing can be 0 - 3.5 μm. Within this range of topography dimensions, a gain within a certain range of plus or minus 10 degrees can be achieved.

[0205] Exemplarily, the arch height of the second lens 23 can be 0.5 μm, 0.6 μm, 0.7 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.9 μm, 1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm, or 1.5 μm. The second spacing can be 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.8 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 2.8 μm, 3 μm, or 3.5 μm.

[0206] In an example of this embodiment, the arch height of the second lens 23 can be 1 - 1.5 μm, and the second spacing corresponding to the second lens 23 can be 0 - 2 μm. Exemplarily, the arch height of the second lens 23 can be 1 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.3 μm, 1.4 μm, or 1.5 μm. The second spacing can be 0.5 μm, 0.8 μm, 1.2 μm, 1.5 μm, 1.8 μm, 2 μm.

[0207] Specifically, within the above range, the arch height and aperture of the second lens 23 and the first lens 12 can also be determined according to the material used for the second lens 23.

[0208] In one embodiment, the material of the second lens 23 includes any one of glass and silicon nitride. For example, the second lens 23 can be glass or silicon nitride.

[0209] Such as Figure 18 and Figure 19 shown Figure 18 Shown is the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image when the lens is made of inorganic material. When using inorganic material, the arch height of the lens can reach a size of about 0.9 μm. Figure 19 Shown is the SEM image when the lens is made of glass. When the aperture of the lens is 4.6 μm, the arch height reaches 1.9 μm. In this way, the arch height of the lens < 1.5 μm can be achieved by adjusting the etching rate.

[0210] Exemplarily, in one example, the second lens 23 is etched from glass. The refractive index of the second lens 23 can be 1.5, and the refractive index of the second flat layer 22 can be 1.3. In this case, the arch height of the second lens 23 can be 1 - 1.5 μm, and the second spacing corresponding to the second lens 23 can be 3 μm.

[0211] In the display panel provided in some embodiments, the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 can both be ellipsoidal lenses. In this way, the lens includes a major axis and a minor axis, and by setting the ellipsoidal lens, the distance between the lens and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa can be made different.

[0212] Exemplarily, as Figure 20 shown, Figure 20 simply shows a schematic diagram of the layout of the second lens 23 in the sub-pixel region Pa. As Figure 20 shown, the distance between the lens and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa can include the distance Dg in the gate line G direction and the distance Ds in the data line S direction. Then, the first distance can include the distance in the gate line G direction (the dimensional difference between the aperture size of the lens in the gate line G direction and the size of the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction), and the distance in the data line S direction (the dimensional difference between the aperture size of the lens in the data line S direction and the size of the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction). The second distance can also include the distance in the gate line G direction and the distance in the data line S direction.

[0213] Among them, as Figure 20 shown, the second distance can include the dimensional difference between the aperture size of the second lens 23 in the gate line G direction and the size of the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction, and the dimensional difference between the aperture size of the second lens 23 in the data line S direction and the size of the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction.

[0214] When both the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 are ellipsoidal lenses, which include a major axis and a minor axis, by the placement direction of the major axis of the lens, the difference in the distance between the lens and the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction and the difference in the distance between the lens and the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction can be made different.

[0215] In one example, the distance Dg between the second lens 23 and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction is greater than the distance Ds between the second lens 23 and the edge of the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction.

[0216] This embodiment also provides a display panel. In this display panel, the first lens 12 and the second lens 23 can both be cylindrical lenses. In this case, in order to make the distance Dg between the lens and the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction and the distance Ds between the lens and the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction different, a double-layer lens can be set.

[0217] Exemplarily, please refer to Figure 9a and Figure 9b shown, Figure 9a shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the display panel observed from the data line S direction. Figure 9bThe figure shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a display panel viewed from the direction of the gate line G. Among them, since the lens is a cylindrical lens, its morphology is slightly different when viewed in the directions of the gate line G and the data line S. In some embodiments, the first optical structure may be provided with a double-layer first lens 12, and the second optical structure may be provided with a double-layer second lens 23. Specifically, in the thickness direction of the display panel, the first optical structure sequentially includes an arranged first sub-structure, a third flat layer 17, and a second sub-structure, and the second optical structure sequentially includes a third sub-structure, a fourth flat layer 26, and a fourth sub-structure; among them, both the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure include a first lens 12, and both the third sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure include a second lens 23; among them, the first lens 122 in the second sub-structure corresponds to the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure, and the first lens 121 in the first sub-structure corresponds to the fourth lens in the fourth sub-structure.

[0218] In the display panel of this example, a third flat layer 17 is provided between the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure of the first optical structure, and a fourth flat layer 26 is provided between the second sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure of the second optical structure. In one example, different refractive index combinations can be adopted for the first lens 121 in the first sub-structure, the third flat layer 17, and the first lens 122 in the second sub-structure. For example, it can be a low / high / low / high refractive index combination.

[0219] In one example, different refractive index combinations can be adopted for the second flat layer 22, the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure, the fourth flat layer 26, and the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure. For example, it can be a high / low / high / low combination.

[0220] In one example, the apertures of the first lenses 122 in the first sub-structure and the second sub-structure are both equal to the size p of the sub-pixel region Pa. In one example, the apertures of the second lenses 232 in the third sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure may be equal or not equal.

[0221] In this embodiment, the first sub-structure, the second sub-structure, the third sub-structure, and the fourth sub-structure can be separately fabricated to form a double-layer lens. Thus, for the sub-pixel, through the third sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure, the second pitch in the direction of the gate line G in the sub-pixel can be made different from the second pitch in the direction of the data line S.

[0222] In an exemplary display panel of this embodiment, the side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal 3 includes a first flat layer 13; among them, the thickness of the third flat layer 17 is different from the thickness of the first flat layer 13.

[0223] In this example, the first flat layer 13 and the third flat layer 17 can be used to achieve different placement heights of the first lens 12. Exemplarily, such as Figure 9a andFigure 9b As shown, the second lens 23 needs to be placed at a height of A μm in the data line S direction, and the second lens 23 needs to be placed at a height of B μm in the gate line G direction, where B is greater than A. In this way, the second lens 23 in the gate line G direction can be placed at the bottom layer as the first lens 121 in the first sub-structure. Then, the thickness of the first planarization layer above can provide a part of the placement height for the first lens 121 in the first sub-structure. Finally, the first planarization layer 13 of the first lens 12 in the gate line G direction can provide the corresponding placement height difference to achieve the final placement height of B μm.

[0224] In some embodiments, the thickness of the third planarization layer 17 can be greater than the thickness of the first planarization layer 13. For example, the thickness of the third planarization layer 17 can be 6 μm, and the thickness of the first planarization layer 13 can be 2 μm.

[0225] Wherein, the placement height can refer to the vertical distance between the first lens 12 and the liquid crystal layer 3.

[0226] In an exemplary display panel of this embodiment, one side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal 3 includes a first planarization layer 13; wherein, the thickness of the third planarization layer 17 is different from the thickness of the first planarization layer 13.

[0227] In some embodiments, among the multiple sub-pixels, the second lenses 231 in the third sub-structure are arranged in the data line S direction, and the second lenses 232 in the fourth sub-structure are arranged in the gate line G direction. The distance between the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the data line S direction is different from the distance between the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction.

[0228] In the display panel of this example, the apertures of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure can be the same, and the placement methods of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure can be different. Thus, the second distances between the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa are different. In this way, by setting two layers of second lenses 23, the distances between the lenses in the second optical structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the gate line G direction and the data line S direction are different.

[0229] In this embodiment, the distance between the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S is different from the distance between the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S; moreover, the distance between the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the gate line G is different from the distance between the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the gate line G.

[0230] In one example, as Figure 9a and Figure 9b shown, for the second optical structure, the distance between the lens it contains and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S can be less than the distance between the lens it contains and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the gate line G. For example, the distance between the lens contained in the second optical structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S is 3 μm, and the distance between the lens it contains and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the gate line G can be greater than 6 μm.

[0231] Specifically, the distance between the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa can be 3 μm, so that the distance between the lens contained in the second optical structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S is 3 μm; the distance between the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa can be greater than 6 μm, so that the distance between the lens contained in the second optical structure and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the direction of the data line S is greater than 6 μm.

[0232] In this way, by setting the double-layer second lens 23, the second lens 23 in the sub-pixel can have different distances from the sub-pixel in the directions of the gate line G and the data line S, which helps to improve the gain within 10 degrees.

[0233] Specifically, the optical gain effects of using a double-layer lens and a single-layer lens for the second lens 23 in the second optical structure are evaluated separately, and the evaluation results can be referred to Figure 16 and Figure 17 shown. Figure 16 shows the evaluation result of the optical gain effect when the second optical structure includes a single-layer second lens 23. Figure 17 shows the evaluation result of the optical gain effect when the second optical structure includes a double-layer second lens 23.

[0234] As Figure 16 shown, the second optical structure includes a single-layer second lens 23, and the second flat layer 22 is included on the side of the second lens 23 close to the liquid crystal 3 layer. Among them, Figure 16Figure (a) shows the energy gain in the SD (data line S direction). Figure 16 Figure (b) shows the energy gain in the Gate (gate line G direction). As Figure 16 (a) shows, when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 2 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 1 in the figure; when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 3 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 2 in the figure; when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 4 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 3 in the figure. As Figure 16 (b) shows, when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 2 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 1 in the figure; when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 4 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 2 in the figure; when the thickness of the second flat layer 22 is 6 μm, the energy gain curves at different arch heights of the second lens 23 are curve 3 in the figure.

[0235] It can be seen from Figure 17 that the gain in the SD direction is slightly lower than that in the Gate direction.

[0236] As Figure 17 shown, the second optical structure includes a double-layer second lens 23, that is, it includes a third sub-structure and a fourth sub-structure. The second flat layer 22 is located on the side of the second lens 23 close to the liquid crystal 3 layer, and the fourth flat layer 26 is included between the third sub-structure and the fourth sub-structure.

[0237] Figure 17 Figure (a) shows the energy gain in the SD (data line S direction). Figure 17 Figure (b) shows the energy gain in the Gate (gate line G direction), where the arch height of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure is 1 μm, the refractive indices of the second flat layer 22 and the fourth flat layer 26 are both 1.5, and the refractive index of the second lens 23 is 1.3.

[0238] Figure 17(a) The figure shows the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees at different spacings in the SD direction and different arch heights of the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure (the upper second lens 23). Among them, when the spacing between the second lens 23 and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the SD direction is 3μm, the gain curves of the upper second lens 23 at different arch heights can be shown as curve 1 in the figure; when the spacing between the second lens 23 and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the SD direction is 4μm, the gain curves of the upper second lens 23 at different arch heights can be shown as curve 2 in the figure; when the spacing between the second lens 23 and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the SD direction is 5μm, the gain curves of the upper second lens 23 at different arch heights can be shown as curve 3 in the figure.

[0239] Figure 17 (b) The figure shows the gain within plus or minus 10 degrees at different spacings in the Gate direction and different arch heights of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure. Among them, when the spacing between the second lens 23 and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the Gate direction is 5μm, the gain curves of the upper second lens 23 at different arch heights can be shown as curve 1 in the figure; when the spacing between the second lens 23 and the boundary of the sub-pixel region Pa in the Gate direction is 6μm and 7μm, the gain curves of the upper second lens 23 at different arch heights can be shown as curve 2 in the figure.

[0240] It can be seen that Figure 17 after adopting the second lens 23 with a double-layer structure, the gain within 10 degrees in the SD direction is slightly higher than the gain within 10 degrees in the Gate direction. And when the spacing in the Gate direction reaches 6μm, the gain within 10 degrees in the Gate direction reaches the maximum; when the spacing in the SD direction is 3μm, the gain within 10 degrees in the Gate direction reaches the maximum.

[0241] Based on Figure 17 the evaluation results shown, the arch height of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure can be the same as or different from the arch height of the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure. Specifically, the arch height of the second lens 232 in the fourth sub-structure can be slightly larger than the arch height of the second lens 231 in the third sub-structure to increase the gain within 10 degrees.

[0242] In some embodiments, a display device is further provided, including the display panel described above. The display device is a liquid crystal display device, and the display device can be a near-eye display device or a virtual reality display device.

[0243] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0244] Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device comprising the said element.

[0245] The above has introduced in detail a display panel and a display device provided by the present utility model. Specific examples are used in this text to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present utility model; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0246] Those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementation schemes of the present utility model after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present utility model aims to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present utility model, which follow the general principles of the present utility model and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed by the present utility model. The specification and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present utility model are pointed out by the following claims.

[0247] It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the exact structure already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present utility model is only limited by the appended claims.

[0248] As used herein, the terms "an embodiment", "embodiment" or "one or more embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present utility model. In addition, please note that the examples of the phrase "in one embodiment" herein do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.

[0249] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and technologies have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0250] In a claim, any reference sign between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names.

[0251] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, wherein the sub-pixels comprise liquid crystal, and a color filter layer ((21)) and a driving structure layer (14) respectively located on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal; wherein at least one sub-pixel further comprises: An optical structure is located on a light-emitting path from a backlight source of the display panel to a light-emitting surface of the display panel, the optical structure comprising at least one lens, the lens being at least used to converge light emitted from the backlight source; an orthographic projection of the lens on a plane of the display panel overlaps with an opening area (Po) of the sub-pixel; The shading structure comprises a portion located at the driving structure layer and a portion located at the color filter layer (21), wherein the orthographic projection of the shading structure on the plane of the display panel overlaps with the edge of the opening area (Po).

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geometric center of each lens in the optical structure coincides with the geometric center of the sub-pixel area (Pa) of the sub-pixel.

3. The display panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The optical structure comprises: A first optical structure, located on a side of the driving structure layer (14) away from the liquid crystal, comprises a first lens (12), wherein the first lens (12) is configured to converge light emitted by the light source; A second optical structure, located on a side of the color filter layer ((21)) away from the liquid crystal, comprises a second lens (23), wherein the second lens (23) is configured to diverge the light converged by the first lens (12); The shading structure is located between the first optical structure and the second optical structure; The orthographic projections of the first lens (12) and the second lens (23) on the plane of the display panel overlap with the opening area (Po) of the sub-pixel, and the orthographic projection of the first lens (12) on the plane overlaps with the orthographic projection of the second lens (23) on the plane.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first lens (12) includes a convex lens, and the second lens (23) includes a concave lens.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sub-pixel further includes: A first flat layer (13), located on a side of the first optical structure close to the liquid crystal; A second flat layer (22), located on a side of the second optical structure close to the liquid crystal; Wherein, the refractive index of the second lens (23) is greater than the refractive index of the second flat layer (22).

6. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving structure layer (14) comprises a source-drain electrode layer (15), the light shielding structure comprises a first light shielding layer (16) and a second light shielding layer (25), the first light shielding layer (16) is located on a side of the source-drain electrode layer (15) close to the liquid crystal, and the second light shielding layer (25) is located between the second optical structure and the color filter layer (21); the arch height of the first lens (12) satisfies the following formula: Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer (13), L1 is the vertical distance between the driving structure layer (14) and the color filter layer ((21)), L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer (14) away from the liquid crystal to the first light shielding layer (16), h1 is the arch height of the first lens (12), p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel area (Pa) of the sub-pixel, Δn1 is the refractive index difference between the first lens (12) and the first flat layer (13), a represents the width of the first light shielding layer (16) in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second light shielding layer (25) in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source-drain electrode layer (15) in the plane direction of the display panel.

7. The display panel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving structure layer (14) comprises a source-drain electrode layer (15), the light shielding structure comprises a first light shielding layer (16) and a second light shielding layer (25), the first light shielding layer (16) is located on a side of the source-drain electrode layer (15) close to the liquid crystal, and the second light shielding layer (25) is located between the second optical structure and the color filter layer (21); the aperture and arch height of the second lens (23) satisfy the following formula: Wherein, L is the thickness of the first flat layer (13), L1 is the vertical distance between the first flat layer (13) and the second flat layer (22), L2 is the distance from the surface of the driving structure layer (14) away from the liquid crystal to the c metal layer, h2 is the arch height of the second lens (23), D2 is the aperture of the second lens (23), Δn2 is the refractive index difference between the second lens (23) and the second flat layer (22), p is the minimum size of the sub-pixel area (Pa) of the sub-pixel, a represents the width of the first light shielding layer (16) in the plane direction of the display panel, b represents the width of the second light shielding layer (25) in the plane direction of the display panel, and c represents the width of the source-drain electrode layer (15) in the plane direction of the display panel.

8. The display panel according to claims 5-7, characterized in that: The aperture of the second lens (23) is greater than the projection distance of the first lens (12) on the upper surface of the light emitting surface after focusing.

9. The display panel according to claims 5-7, characterized in that: A first distance between the aperture of the first lens (12) and the edge of the sub-pixel area (Pa) of the sub-pixel is smaller than a second distance between the aperture of the second lens (23) and the edge of the sub-pixel area (Pa).

10. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first spacing is less than 0.5 μm.

11. The display panel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The arch height of the second lens (23) is 0.5 to 1.5 μm, and the second spacing is 0 to 3.5 μm.

12. The display panel according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: In the thickness direction of the display panel, the first optical structure includes a first substructure, a third flat layer (17) and a second substructure arranged in sequence, and the second optical structure includes a third substructure, a fourth flat layer (26) and a fourth substructure in sequence; The first substructure and the second substructure both include the first lens (12), and the third substructure and the fourth substructure both include the second lens (23).

13. The display panel according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first optical structure comprises a first flat layer (13) on a side close to the liquid crystal; Wherein, the thickness of the third flat layer (17) is different from the thickness of the first flat layer (13).

14. The display panel according to claim 12, characterized in that: The display panel includes a plurality of gate lines G and a plurality of data lines S, wherein the gate lines G and the data lines S define a plurality of sub-pixel regions (Pa) of the sub-pixels; The spacing between the second lens (231) in the third substructure and the boundary of the subpixel area (Pa) in the direction of the data line S is different from the spacing between the second lens (232) in the fourth substructure and the boundary of the subpixel area (Pa) in the direction of the gate line G.

15. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the lens (23) includes either glass or silicon nitride.

16. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first lens (12) and the second lens (23) both comprise ellipsoidal lenses.

17. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical structure includes a third lens, which is located on a side of the color filter layer away from the liquid crystal, and is used to converge the light emitted from the color filter layer.

18. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving structure layer (14) includes a source-drain electrode layer (15), and the light shielding structure includes: A first light shielding layer (16) is located on a side of the source / drain electrode layer (15) close to the liquid crystal: A second light shielding layer (25), located on a side of the second optical structure close to the liquid crystal, the second light shielding layer (25) defining a plurality of opening areas (Po); The orthographic projection of the first light-shielding layer (16) on the plane covers the orthographic projection of the second light-shielding layer (25) on the plane, and the orthographic projections of the first light-shielding layer (16) and the second light-shielding layer (25) on the plane overlap with the orthographic projection of the lens on the plane.

19. The display panel according to claim 18, characterized in that: The central axis of the first light-shielding layer (16) and the second light-shielding layer (25) in the light-shielding structure overlap, and the optical axis of each lens in the optical structure is offset relative to the central axis.

20. A display device, characterized in that: A display panel comprising any one of claims 1-19.

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