Solar distillation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar distillation device. The solar distillation device comprises a flat plate heat collection unit, a dynamic distillation unit, a condensation unit and a water storage unit, wherein the top of the flat plate heat collection unit is communicated with the bottom of the dynamic distillation unit; the dynamic distillation unit is provided with a liquid level sensor and an electromagnetic valve and is used for dynamically feeding water; the condensation unit is arranged at the bottom of the water storage unit. The device disclosed by the utility model has the beneficial effects that on one hand, the heated water quantity at any time is controlled through an ultrathin water flat plate heat collection and dynamic distillation mechanism, so that water to be distilled is rapidly heated to boil, and the distillation speed is accelerated; on the other hand, a large amount of water in the water storage unit is used for providing a cooling function for the condensation unit, enough heat absorption capacity is guaranteed, and condensation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solar energy utilization, in particular to a solar distillation device. Background Art

[0002] Using solar energy to distill well water, tap water, seawater or collected rainwater to obtain pure water for drinking or cooking is a green and energy-saving lifestyle. The distillation efficiency of existing solar distillation technologies is relatively low, resulting in the failure of this technology to be widely applied. The factors affecting the liquid evaporation rate include temperature, surface area, and air flow velocity above. For distillation in a closed container, the air flow velocity does not need to be considered, and the internal air pressure also needs to be considered. Among them, temperature is the main control factor affecting evaporation efficiency. Especially in the boiling state, its evaporation speed far exceeds that at normal temperature. In addition, if the water vapor after distillation is not condensed in time, resulting in an increase in the air pressure in the closed space, it will also affect the distillation speed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the utility model proposes a solar distillation device, mainly solving the problem of relatively low solar distillation efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a solar distillation device, which includes a flat plate heat collection unit, a dynamic distillation unit, and a condensation unit. The top of the flat plate heat collection unit is communicated with the bottom of the dynamic distillation unit. A first water inlet is arranged at the top of the dynamic distillation unit, and a solenoid valve is arranged at the first water inlet. A liquid level sensor is arranged inside the dynamic distillation unit, and a steam outlet is arranged at the top of the dynamic distillation unit. A steam inlet is arranged at the top of the condensation unit, and the steam inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a steam conduit. A first water outlet is arranged at the bottom of the condensation unit.

[0005] In some embodiments, the flat plate heat collection unit includes a transparent heat insulation panel, a first metal inner shell, a first heat insulation layer, and a first outer shell. The transparent heat insulation panel is vacuum glass or hollow glass. The depth of the first metal inner shell does not exceed 5 mm, and a selective absorption coating is plated on the surface. A first opening is arranged at the top of the flat plate heat collection unit, and a silica gel ring is arranged at the first opening.

[0006] In some embodiments, the dynamic distillation unit includes a second metal inner shell, a second heat insulation layer, and a second outer shell. A second opening extending outside is arranged at the bottom of the second metal inner shell, and the second opening is inserted into the silica gel ring of the first opening for seamless connection.

[0007] In some embodiments, the condensation unit is a metal container, and metal sheets or metal meshes are arranged regularly inside the metal container.

[0008] In some embodiments, it further includes a water storage unit. A second water inlet is provided at the top of the water storage unit, and a second water outlet is provided on the side. The second water outlet is connected to the first water inlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a pipeline. The condensation unit is suspended and installed at the bottom of the water storage unit. The steam inlet of the condensation unit extends and communicates outside the water storage unit and is connected to the steam outlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a steam conduit. The first water outlet of the condensation unit extends and communicates outside the water storage unit, and a faucet is provided outside the water storage unit.

[0009] In some embodiments, a sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the flat plate heat collection unit, and a valve is provided at the sewage outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments, an electric heater is provided inside the dynamic distillation unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, an exhaust hole is provided at the top of the water storage unit.

[0012] In some embodiments, it further includes a controller. The controller is used to receive the electrical signal of the liquid level sensor and send instructions to the solenoid valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, it further includes a plane mirror. The plane mirror is installed in front of the flat plate heat collection unit at the best inclination angle to provide solar energy compensation for the flat plate heat collection unit.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: on the one hand, through the ultra-thin water body flat plate heat collection and dynamic distillation mechanism, the amount of water heated at any moment is controlled, so that the water to be distilled is quickly heated to boiling, accelerating the distillation speed; on the other hand, a large amount of water in the water storage unit is used to provide a cooling function for the condensation unit, ensuring sufficient heat absorption capacity and improving the condensation efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the solar distillation device disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the flat plate heat collection unit disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the condensation unit disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Wherein: 1 - flat plate heat collection unit, 2 - dynamic distillation unit, 3 - condensation unit, 4 - water storage unit, 101 - transparent adiabatic panel, 102 - first metal inner shell, 103 - first thermal insulation layer, 104 - first outer shell, 201 - first water inlet, 202 - steam outlet, 203 - solenoid valve, 204 - liquid level sensor, 205 - steam conduit, 301 - steam inlet, 302 - first water outlet, 303 - faucet, 304 - metal sheet, 401 - second water inlet, 402 - second water outlet. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer and more definite, the content of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation modes. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model, rather than limiting the present utility model. Additionally, it should be noted that for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings, rather than all the content.

[0020] Embodiment

[0021] This embodiment provides a solar distillation device, as Figure 1 shown, which includes a flat plate heat collection unit 1, a dynamic distillation unit 2, a condensation unit 3 and a water storage unit 4. The flat plate heat collection unit 1 is composed of a transparent adiabatic panel 101, a first metal inner shell 102, a first thermal insulation layer 103 and a first outer shell 104, and its cross-section is as Figure 2 shown. Among them, the depth of the first metal inner shell 102 is 3 mm, and its surface is coated with a selective absorption coating, which has a high absorption rate in the visible light and near-infrared light regions and as low an emissivity as possible in the far-infrared region. A sewage outlet is provided at the bottom of the flat plate heat collection unit 1, and a valve is provided at the sewage outlet, and the sewage outlet is used to regularly clean the sediment or crystal after distillation. In this embodiment, the transparent adiabatic panel 101 is made of vacuum double-layer tempered glass (thermal conductivity 0.015 W / (m·K)), the first thermal insulation layer 103 is made of polyurethane foam (thermal conductivity 0.025 W / (m·K)), the first metal inner shell 102 is made of stainless steel material, with an internal size of 800 mm * 1250 mm * 3 mm, a volume of 3 L, and a heat receiving area of 1 m 2 .

[0022] The top of the flat plate heat collection unit 1 is connected to the bottom of the dynamic distillation unit 2. Among them, a first opening is provided at the top of the flat plate heat collection unit 1, and a silica gel ring is provided at the first opening. The dynamic distillation unit 2 includes a second metal inner shell, a second heat insulation layer, and a second outer shell. A second opening extending outward is provided at the bottom of the second metal inner shell, and the second opening made of metal is inserted into the silica gel ring of the first opening for seamless connection, so that the whole system will not leak water. Finally, the silica gel ring is wrapped with heat insulation material for heat insulation treatment. In this embodiment, the internal dimensions of the second metal inner shell are 400mm * 100mm * 100mm, and the volume is 4L. The areas of the first opening and the second opening are both 400mm * 3mm.

[0023] A first water inlet 201 is provided at the top of the dynamic distillation unit 2, and a solenoid valve 203 is provided at the first water inlet 201. A liquid level sensor 204 is provided inside the dynamic distillation unit 2 (in this embodiment, it is a capacitive liquid level sensor arranged vertically, and there can also be various other options, such as an immersion type, a float type, etc.). A steam outlet 202 is provided at the top of the dynamic distillation unit 2. The solenoid valve 203 and the liquid level sensor 204 cooperate to perform dynamic water supply. In this embodiment, when the water level is lower than 25%, the solenoid valve is automatically opened to add water, and when the water level reaches 75%, the solenoid valve is automatically closed to stop adding water. In this way, the total amount of water body receiving solar heating is controlled within 4 - 6L, while ensuring the continuous progress of the distillation process.

[0024] A second water inlet 401 is provided at the top of the water storage unit 4, and a second water outlet 402 is provided on the side. The second water outlet 402 is connected to the first water inlet 201 of the dynamic distillation unit 2 through a pipeline. Among them, when the second water inlet 401 is connected to tap water or surface water or groundwater pumped, a valve needs to be installed at the first water inlet 401; when the second water inlet 401 is connected to the downspout on the roof of a building with a funnel-shaped or horn-shaped receiving tray installed at the end, it can be used to collect rainwater and no valve needs to be installed. In this embodiment, the water storage unit 4 is of a cylindrical structure, with a bottom diameter of 1200mm and a height of 1800mm, and the volume is about 2000L. The second water outlet 402 is 540mm away from the bottom of the water storage unit 4. When the water storage unit 4 is used to collect rainwater, assuming the roof area of the building is 100m 2 , only 20mm of moderate rain can fill the water storage unit 4 within 24 hours.

[0025] The condensation unit 3 is a metal container, and metal sheets 304 are regularly arranged inside the metal container, such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the metal sheet 304 can increase the contact area with water vapor per unit volume and improve the condensation efficiency. The condensation unit 3 is suspended at the bottom of the water storage unit 4 through a fixed bracket. A steam inlet 301 is provided at the top of the condensation unit 3, and the steam inlet 301 extends and communicates to the outside of the water storage unit 4 and is connected to the steam outlet 202 of the dynamic distillation unit 2 through a steam conduit 205. A first water outlet 302 is provided at the bottom of the condensation unit 3, and the first water outlet 302 extends and communicates to the outside of the water storage unit 4. A faucet 303 is installed outside the water storage unit 4. When the water-using terminal is far away from the water storage unit 4, a pipeline can be extended to the water-using terminal and a faucet 303 can be installed at the water-using terminal. In this embodiment, the internal dimensions of the condensation unit 3 are 500mm * 500mm * 400mm, and the volume is 100L. The bottom of the condensation unit 3 is 100mm away from the bottom of the water storage unit 4.

[0026] This embodiment further includes a controller for receiving the electrical signal of the liquid level sensor 204 and sending an open / close instruction to the solenoid valve 203.

[0027] In this embodiment, the initial amount of water heated is 6L, the heating area is 1m 2 , and it only takes half an hour to one hour (depending on the solar irradiation angle) to heat the water body with an initial temperature of 10°C to 100°C. The heat received subsequently is all used for evaporation in the boiling state. When the water volume remains 4L, the controller automatically opens the solenoid valve 203 to add water. When the water volume reaches 6L, the controller automatically closes the solenoid valve 203 to stop adding water. At this time, the temperature is still 86°C, and it only takes 5 - 10 minutes to reheat to boiling. This embodiment uses vacuum glass with good light transmittance and heat insulation performance, and the light and heat utilization efficiency can reach 50% - 80% (depending on the ambient temperature). On sunny days, 6 - 10L of pure water can be produced per square meter per day, thus meeting the drinking water needs of 3 - 5 people. The 500 - 1900L of water in the water storage unit 4 can provide a cooling function for the condensation unit 3, absorb the heat released by the condensation of 10L of water vapor, and the temperature only increases by 3 - 11°C. It can be seen that the water storage unit 4 serves two purposes at once, acting as both the water source of the dynamic distillation unit 2 and the cold source of the condensation unit 3.

[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention. The purpose is to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the essence of the content of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar distillation device, characterized in that, It includes a flat plate heat collection unit, a dynamic distillation unit, and a condensation unit. The top of the flat plate heat collection unit is in communication with the bottom of the dynamic distillation unit. The top of the dynamic distillation unit is provided with a first water inlet, and a solenoid valve is arranged at the first water inlet. A liquid level sensor is arranged inside the dynamic distillation unit, and the top of the dynamic distillation unit is provided with a steam outlet. The top of the condensation unit is provided with a steam inlet, and the steam inlet is connected to the steam outlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a steam conduit. The bottom of the condensation unit is provided with a first water outlet.

2. The solar distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flat plate heat collection unit includes a transparent heat-insulating panel, a first metal inner shell, a first heat-insulating layer, and a first outer shell. The transparent heat-insulating panel is vacuum glass or hollow glass. The depth of the first metal inner shell does not exceed 5 mm, and a selective absorption coating is plated on the surface. The top of the flat plate heat collection unit is provided with a first opening, and a silica gel ring is arranged at the first opening.

3. The solar distillation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic distillation unit includes a second metal inner shell, a second heat-insulating layer, and a second outer shell. The bottom of the second metal inner shell is provided with a second opening extending outside, and the second opening is inserted into the silica gel ring of the first opening for seamless connection.

4. The solar distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation unit is a metal container, and metal sheets or metal meshes are regularly arranged inside the metal container.

5. The solar distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: A water storage unit. The top of the water storage unit is provided with a second water inlet, and the side is provided with a second water outlet. The second water outlet is connected to the first water inlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a pipeline. The condensation unit is suspended and installed at the bottom of the water storage unit. The steam inlet of the condensation unit extends to the outside of the water storage unit and is connected to the steam outlet of the dynamic distillation unit through a steam conduit. The first water outlet of the condensation unit extends to the outside of the water storage unit, and a faucet is arranged outside the water storage unit.

6. The solar distillation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the flat plate heat collection unit is provided with a sewage outlet, and a valve is arranged at the sewage outlet.

7. The solar distillation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, An electric heater is arranged inside the dynamic distillation unit.

8. The solar distillation device according to claim 5, wherein, The top of the water storage unit is provided with an exhaust hole.

9. The solar distillation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, It further includes: A controller, which is used to receive the electrical signal of the liquid level sensor and send instructions to the solenoid valve.

10. The solar distillation device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, It further includes: A plane mirror, which is installed in front of the flat plate heat collection unit at the best tilt angle to provide solar energy compensation for the flat plate heat collection unit.

Images