Multi-beam power division network and feed network applied to multi-beam phased-array antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-beam power division network and a feed network applied to a multi-beam phased-array antenna, and relates to the technical field of communication. The power division network comprises at least two single-beam power division network layers, and the single-beam power division network layers are stacked in sequence, so that the single-beam power division network layers share the same antenna array plane, and the problem that the single-beam power division network layers use different antenna array planes due to the fact that a plurality of traditional single-beam phased-array antennas receive at the same time is solved. And the occupied space of the coplanar laying mode is large, so that the occupied area of the mainboard corresponding to the multi-beam feed network is saved. In addition, phase consistency among the single-beam power division network layers is realized based on equal phases of power division network cable lengths of the single-beam power division network layers. And the lengths of the power division network lines of the single-beam power division network layers are equal in amplitude, so that the amplitude consistency among the single-beam power division network layers is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a multi-beam power distribution network and a feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna. Background Art

[0002] Single-beam phased array antennas play an important role in satellite communication. They control the phases of each radiation unit in the antenna array through a beam controller, thereby changing the direction of the antenna beam and realizing fast scanning and pointing of the beam.

[0003] The beam space angle of a single-beam phased array antenna is relatively narrow. Especially when receiving signals, it can only receive signals at a certain point, and there is a possibility of missing signals. To ensure signal integrity, multiple single-beam phased array antennas are used to receive signals simultaneously. Taking a three-beam phased array antenna as an example, the occupied area of its corresponding main board is 3 times that of the main board area occupied by the original single-beam phased array antenna when placed coplanarly. At the same time, the three single-beam phased array antennas are all installed and spliced on the original single-beam phased array antenna, resulting in poor amplitude-phase consistency among the three-beam phased array antennas.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the amplitude-phase consistency among multi-beam phased array antennas and reduce the area of the main board occupied by phased array antennas is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a multi-beam power distribution network and a feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna to solve the problems of large occupied area of the main board when multiple single-beam phased array antennas are placed coplanarly and poor amplitude-phase consistency among them.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna. The power distribution network includes at least two single-beam power distribution network layers;

[0007] Each single-beam power distribution network layer is stacked and placed in sequence;

[0008] The power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude through the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0009] On the one hand, the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer are configured by the strip lines of the power distribution network layer.

[0010] On the other hand, the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer are determined by the winding method of the strip lines of the power distribution network layer.

[0011] On the other hand, it further includes a bending structure;

[0012] At the target strip line of the power splitting network layer, the bending structure is adopted for adjustment to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude of the power splitting network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power splitting network layer.

[0013] On the other hand, the number of sub-ports to which the power splitting network lines corresponding to each single-beam power splitting network layer belong is the same;

[0014] Among them, the power splittings at all levels of each single-beam power splitting network layer are evenly distributed on the corresponding single-beam power splitting network layer, and a mirror-symmetric structure or a non-mirror-symmetric structure exists between the power splittings at all levels of each single-beam power splitting network layer.

[0015] On the other hand, taking the direction of the dielectric substrate where each single-beam power splitting network layer is located as the horizontal direction, the sub-ports of each single-beam power splitting network layer are connected to the feeding ports of the chip layer through a vertical transition structure in the vertical direction to achieve the connection between the chip layer and the power splitting network layer;

[0016] In the horizontal direction, the sub-ports of each single-beam power splitting network layer are connected to the total port and to each other through the power splitting network lines.

[0017] On the other hand, it further includes a first shielding structure and a second shielding structure; the first shielding structure is located around the power splitting network line; the second shielding structure is located around the sub-port;

[0018] The first shielding structure includes a first metal frame and first metal via holes for ground; the first metal frame forms a first shielding groove; the power splitting network line is located in the first shielding groove; the first metal via holes for ground are located on both sides of the first shielding groove;

[0019] The second shielding structure includes a second metal frame and second metal via holes for ground; the first metal frame is connected to the second metal frame, and the second metal frame forms a second shielding groove; the sub-port is located in the second shielding groove; the second metal via holes for ground are located on the outer periphery side of the second shielding groove.

[0020] On the other hand, each single-beam power splitting network layer is stacked on top of each other from top to bottom in sequence; among them, the upper ground of the first single-beam power splitting network layer is connected to the first single-beam power splitting network layer; the first single-beam power splitting network layer is connected to the lower ground of the first single-beam power splitting network layer; the lower ground of the upper single-beam power splitting network layer of adjacent layers and the upper ground of the lower single-beam power splitting network layer are in the same layer; the last single-beam power splitting network layer is connected to the lower ground of the last single-beam power splitting network layer.

[0021] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model further provides a multi-beam feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, including a vertical transition structure, a feeding layer, and the multi-beam power dividing network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna as described above;

[0022] The feeding layer is connected to the power dividing network layer of the multi-beam power dividing network through the vertical transition structure.

[0023] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model further provides a multi-beam phased array antenna, including a chip layer, a plurality of antenna units, and the multi-beam feeding network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna as described above;

[0024] The chip layer is connected to the plurality of antenna units;

[0025] The multi-beam feeding network is connected to the chip layer.

[0026] The multi-beam power dividing network provided by the present utility model applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, the power dividing network includes at least two single-beam power dividing network layers; each single-beam power dividing network layer is stacked and placed in sequence; the power dividing network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power dividing network layer satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude through the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna. The present utility model stacks and places each single-beam power dividing network layer, so that each single-beam power dividing network layer shares the same antenna array surface, avoiding the situation that different antenna array surfaces are used by each single-beam power dividing network layer when traditional multiple single-beam phased array antennas receive simultaneously, and the laying method of coplanar placement occupies a large space, thereby saving the occupied area of the multi-beam feeding network corresponding to the main board. In addition, based on the equal phase of the power dividing network line lengths of each single-beam power dividing network layer, the phase consistency between each single-beam power dividing network layer is realized. The power dividing network line lengths of each single-beam power dividing network layer are equal in amplitude, realizing the amplitude consistency between each single-beam power dividing network layer. In summary, the amplitude and phase of the antenna signals received and / or transmitted by multiple beams have good consistency.

[0027] In addition, the present utility model further provides a multi-beam feeding network and a multi-beam phased array antenna applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, which have the same beneficial effects as the multi-beam power dividing network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 Structural diagram of a front view of a multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an exploded view of a single-beam A power distribution network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an exploded view of a single-beam B power distribution network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Structural diagram of a power distribution network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a single-beam A power distribution network layer on a dielectric substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a single-beam B power distribution network layer on a dielectric substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of microstrip lines corresponding to each sub-port of a power distribution network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Amplitude schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single-beam A provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 Phase schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single-beam A provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 Amplitude schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single-beam B provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 Phase schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single-beam B provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Wherein, 1 is a single-beam power distribution network layer; 2 is a power distribution network; 3 is a total port; 4 is a sub-port; 5 is a strip line; 6 is the position of a metal ground via for vertical connection between the power distribution network layer and the chip layer; 7 is a bending structure; 8 is a first metal frame; 9 is a first metal ground via; 10 is a second metal frame; 11 is a second metal ground via. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The core of the present invention is to provide a multi-beam power distribution network and a feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna to solve the problems that the main board area occupied by the coplanar placement of multiple single-beam phased array antennas is relatively large and the amplitude-phase consistency between them is relatively poor.

[0043] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] In the field of satellite communication, it is necessary to receive and amplify weak satellite communication signals to facilitate better and complete communication between the terminal and the satellite. The signals received by traditional satellite communication are designed as single-beam antenna signals, resulting in a relatively narrow spatial angle of the beam. During the process of receiving antenna signals, only part of the signals can be received. In order to receive complete antenna signals, multiple single-beam phased array antennas will be used simultaneously, resulting in a relatively large occupied main board area. For example, the size of the main board occupied by a single-beam phased array antenna is 56.45mm * 56.45mm. If multiple single-beam phased array antennas are used, multiple main boards with a size of 56.45mm * 56.45mm need to be tiled, thus occupying a relatively large main board area. Installing multiple single-beam phased array antennas on the basis of the original single-beam phased array antenna and combining and splicing them on the basis of the amplitude-phase consistency of each single-beam phased array antenna will result in a relatively poor amplitude-phase consistency of the overall multiple single-beam phased array antennas. The feeding network based on multi-beams provided by the present invention solves the above technical problems.

[0045] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the front view of a multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the power distribution network 2 includes at least two single-beam power distribution network layers 1;

[0046] Each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is stacked and placed in sequence;

[0047] The power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude through the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0048] The power distribution network layer corresponding to the dielectric substrate where the multi-beam power distribution network is located, whose main function is to evenly distribute the input signal to multiple sub-ports 4, is used for power distribution in the RF system. It can be a two-way, four-way, eight-way, etc. The power distribution network 2 can be passive or active. The passive power distribution network only realizes power distribution through passive components (such as resistors, capacitors, inductors), and the active power distribution network may include active components (such as amplifiers) to enhance the signal. The present utility model does not make specific limitations and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0049] The single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is used to transmit single-beam signals and includes the power distribution network line length in this single-beam power distribution network layer 1. It plays a crucial role in the multi-beam antenna system, responsible for effectively distributing the signal energy to each radiation unit of the antenna array to form the required beam pattern. The beam power distribution network layer distributes the power of the input signal to multiple sub-ports 4, and each port corresponds to one or more radiation units in the antenna array. The single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is the key component to realize beam synthesis, and each beam can point to one direction or cover one area. Multiple different directions or multiple different areas can be covered by multiple single-beam power distribution network layers 1. In modern multi-beam antenna systems, the single-beam power distribution network layer 1 can realize the dynamic adjustment and reconstruction of the beam to adapt to the changes in communication requirements. The design of the single-beam power distribution network layer 1 needs to consider the insertion loss to ensure the efficiency of the signal during the distribution process.

[0050] In this embodiment, it includes at least two single-beam power distribution network layers 1, and each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is stacked in sequence. It should be noted that the stacked placement means that in the physical layout or design, the structures of two or more components are placed above each other to form a stacked placement. Specifically, each beam power distribution network layer is stacked from top to bottom according to the size of the dielectric substrate where the multi-beam power distribution network is located.

[0051] In this embodiment, all are stacked from top to bottom. Combining the above embodiment, the size of the dielectric substrate occupied by the single-beam phased array antenna is 56.45mm * 56.45mm. Combining the overlapping placement of this embodiment, the size of the dielectric substrate occupied by its multi-beam phased array antenna is also 56.45mm * 56.45mm, so that the area of the occupied dielectric substrate remains unchanged, further saving the occupied resources of the main board. It should be noted that the dielectric substrate where the multi-beam power distribution network is located in this embodiment includes a dielectric layer and metal layers distributed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric layer, and the metal layers are etched based on the actual situation to form the required structure. The power distribution network can be formed by etching the metal layer.

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a spatial stack-up is implemented, which is a physical stack-up to save space or achieve specific radiation characteristics of the antenna. For the functional stack-up, it is not limited in this embodiment. If a functional stack-up is performed, different functions or components are stacked on each other in design to optimize performance or simplify the structure, and it can be set according to the actual situation.

[0053] The power division network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power division network layer 1 satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude through the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna. Equal phase is determined based on the equal line lengths of the power division network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power division network layer 1; equal amplitude is achieved by equal power division determined by the same number of power division levels implemented in each single-beam power division network layer 1 and the power distribution ratio of the power divider.

[0054] The power division level is the cascaded level that divides the input signal into several equal-signal parts, usually determined by cascading multiple one-to-two equal-power dividers, and each one-to-two equal-power divider divides the signal into two equal parts. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a single-beam A power division network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a single-beam B power division network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 2 、 3 shown, there are 4 two-level power division networks. Taking the signal transmission process as an example, the beam signal of the chip layer is input, enters through the total port 3, determines the corresponding single-beam power division network layer 1 through this beam signal, performs power division processing through this single-beam power division network layer 1, processes this beam signal to obtain multiple sub-signals, transmits the multiple sub-signals to the corresponding sub-ports 4, and performs signal processing through the chip layer so that the sub-signals after signal processing are transmitted through the antenna unit. Considering the phase relationship between each sub-port 4 to ensure that the antenna can achieve the desired beamforming or radiation pattern when the signals are synthesized.

[0055] The equal power division in this embodiment is based on the same number of power division levels of the power division network layers corresponding to multiple beams and the power distribution ratio of the power divider. On the basis of realizing equal phase as described above, amplitude-phase consistency is achieved. Specifically, by configuring equal-length strip lines 5 for each beam's power division network layer, and designing the same power division network levels between each beam. It should be noted that amplitude-phase consistency not only requires that the signals received by each radiation unit have the same amplitude, but also requires that these signals have the same phase. When these signals are superimposed on each other in space, the antenna forms a beam with a specific directivity.

[0056] A multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. The power distribution network includes at least two single-beam power distribution network layers 1; each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is stacked and placed in sequence; the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude for the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna. The present utility model stacks and places each single-beam power distribution network layer 1, so that each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 shares the same antenna array surface, avoiding the situation that each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 uses different antenna array surfaces when traditional multiple single-beam phased array antennas receive simultaneously, and the laying method of coplanar placement occupies a large space, thereby saving the occupied area of the main board corresponding to the multi-beam feeding network. In addition, based on the equal phase of the power distribution network line lengths of each single-beam power distribution network layer 1, the phase consistency between each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 is achieved. The power distribution network line lengths of each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 are equal in amplitude, achieving the amplitude consistency between each single-beam power distribution network layer 1. In summary, good consistency in amplitude and phase of the antenna signals received and / or transmitted by multiple beams is achieved.

[0057] In some embodiments, the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each beam power distribution network layer are configured by the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer.

[0058] Specifically, the strip line 5 is a transmission line between the sub-ports 4 within the power distribution network layer and between the sub-port 4 and the main port 3. Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a power distribution network provided by an embodiment of the present utility model. As Figure 4 shown, the strip line 5 in the power distribution network is a transmission line corresponding to between each sub-port 4. The equal-phase matching of the path from the sub-port 4 to the main port 3 is achieved through the configuration of the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer. In some embodiments, the specific configuration process of the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer includes:

[0059] Obtain the size of the dielectric substrate corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1, the relative positions between the sub-port 4 and the main port 3, and the position 6 of the metal ground vias that connect the power distribution network layer and the chip layer in the vertical direction;

[0060] According to the size of the dielectric substrate corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1, the relative positions between the sub-port 4 and the main port 3, and the position 6 of the metal ground vias that connect the power distribution network layer and the chip layer in the vertical direction, perform configuration processing on the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer to determine the path between the sub-port 4 and the main port 3 with equal-phase and equal-amplitude matching;

[0061] Take the strip line 5 corresponding to the path between the sub-port 4 and the main port 3 with equal-phase and equal-amplitude matching as the power distribution network line corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1.

[0062] Here, it is necessary to consider the size of the dielectric substrate corresponding to the multi-beam power distribution network layer between different beams (the space of the main board), the relative position between the sub-port 4 and the total port 3, and configure the strip line 5 at the position 6 of the metal ground vias that connect the power distribution network layer and the chip layer in the vertical direction, so as to realize the path between each sub-port 4 and the total port 3.

[0063] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a single-beam A power distribution network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention on a dielectric substrate. Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a single-beam B power distribution network layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention on a dielectric substrate. As Figure 5 、 6 shown, its total port 3 is the mark on the left. The position 6 of the metal ground vias that connect the power distribution network layer and the chip layer in the vertical direction is based on the position corresponding to the middle circle in each plum blossom hole in the sub-port 4. The position 6 of the metal ground vias that connect the power distribution network layer and the chip layer in the vertical direction is the mark 6 as Figure 4 shown. Figure 5 、 6 The strip line 5 in

[0064] is the power distribution network line of the current single-beam power distribution network layer 1.

[0065] The power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each beam power distribution network layer determined by the configuration process of the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer provided in this embodiment are used to achieve good amplitude-phase consistency output and good power output consistency for each sub-port 4.

[0066] In some embodiments, the equal-length property of the power distribution network line length corresponds to the adjustment process of the strip line 5. Specifically: the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1 are determined by the winding method of the strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer.

[0067] Specifically, the winding method of the strip line 5 is a processing technology for the conductive strip during the production of the strip line 5. It may need to be wound into a specific shape, such as a spiral shape, a circular shape or other shapes, to adapt to a specific circuit design or achieve impedance transformation. The winding density will affect the characteristic impedance and electromagnetic characteristics of the transmission line. The winding technology needs to be precisely controlled to ensure the consistency and performance of the transmission line. During the winding process, damage to the wire and the insulating medium should be avoided. The shape of the winding in this embodiment is not limited and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0067] In some embodiments, it further includes a bending structure 7;

[0068] The bending structure 7 is used for adjustment at the target strip line 5 of the power distribution network layer to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude of the power distribution network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power distribution network layer 1.

[0069] Specifically, a bending structure 7 is adopted at the target stripline 5 of the power splitting network layer for adjustment to achieve equal phase of the line lengths of the power splitting network. As Figure 5 、 6 shown, the corresponding bending structure is marked as 7. For the bending structures 7 of different beams, the unoccupied via positions set on the dielectric substrate where the power splitting network layer is located, as well as the shapes of the bending structures 7 corresponding to each stage of power splitting, are not limited herein. Additionally, regarding the position of the stripline 5 that needs to be bent at the target stripline 5, it can be set according to the actual situation.

[0070] The winding method and the connection relationship of the bending structure 7 provided in this embodiment reduce signal transmission loss and external interference while ensuring equal phase and equal amplitude of the line lengths of the power splitting networks corresponding to each single-beam power splitting network layer 1.

[0071] In some embodiments, the number of sub-ports 4 to which the power splitting network lines corresponding to each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 belong is the same;

[0072] Among them, each stage of power splitting of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is evenly distributed on the corresponding single-beam power splitting network layer 1, and a mirror-symmetric structure or a non-mirror-symmetric structure exists between each stage of power splitting of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1.

[0073] Specifically, as Figure 2 、 3 shown, the number of sub-ports 4 corresponding to different beams in the corresponding beam power splitting network layer is the same, that is, the number of power splitting stages is the same. Taking Figure 2 、 3 as an example, they are all 4 two-stage power splittings. Each stage of power splitting is evenly distributed on the corresponding beam power splitting network layer, and a mirror-symmetric structure or a non-mirror-symmetric structure or an asymmetric structure exists between each stage of power splitting of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1, and a mirror-symmetric structure or a non-mirror-symmetric structure is preferred.

[0074] The mirror-symmetric structure is for achieving better impedance matching, reducing signal reflection, and improving transmission efficiency. Symmetric about the center line or the center point. In the power splitting network, in addition to being used to achieve symmetric power distribution and phase characteristics, mirror symmetry is also convenient for symmetric layout design, saving the R & D costs of R & D personnel.

[0075] Taking Figure 2 as an example, corresponding to 4 two-stage power splittings, taking the horizontal plane direction of the single-beam power splitting network layer 1 as the reference plane, from left to right, from top to bottom, they are a1, a2, a3, and a4 in sequence. Among them, a1 and a2, a3 and a4 respectively show central symmetry between the two; a1 and a3, a2 and a4 respectively show central symmetry between the two. Similarly, Figure 3In this case, taking the horizontal plane direction of the single-beam power splitting network layer 1 as the reference plane, from left to right and from top to bottom, they are b1, b2, b3, and b4 in sequence. Among them, b1 and b2, b3 and b4 are respectively symmetric about the centerlines of the two; b1 and b3, b2 and b4 are respectively symmetric about the centerlines of the two.

[0076] In addition, for the non-mirror-symmetric structure, in combination with Figure 2 looking at it, the bottommost 2-level power splitting does not show centerline or center point symmetry with any of the above-mentioned 2-level power splittings (a1, a2, a3, and a4), so it is a non-mirror-symmetric structure.

[0077] It can be understood that in this embodiment, taking a single-beam power splitting network layer 1, the power splitting network lines corresponding to the power splittings at all levels satisfy equal amplitude and equal phase.

[0078] The mirror-symmetric structure and non-mirror symmetry corresponding to the power splittings at all levels provided in this embodiment make their arrangements neat and beautiful, and at the same time, it is also convenient for the staff in the subsequent process to view.

[0079] In some embodiments, taking the direction of the dielectric substrate where each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is located as the horizontal direction, the sub-ports 4 of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 are connected to the feeding ports of the chip layer through vertical transition structures in the vertical direction to realize the connection between the chip layer and the power splitting network layer;

[0080] In the horizontal direction, the sub-ports 4 of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 are connected to the total port 3 and between the sub-ports 4 of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 through power splitting network lines. Specifically, taking the direction of the dielectric substrate where the single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is located as the horizontal direction, in the vertical direction, the sub-ports 4 of the single-beam power splitting network are connected to the feeding ports of the chip layer through vertical structures to realize the connection between the power splitting network layer and the chip layer, which can feed the signals corresponding to the sub-ports 4 passing through the single-beam power splitting network to the chip layer. At the same time, in the horizontal direction, between the sub-ports 4 of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 and the total port 3, and between the sub-ports 4, they are connected through power splitting network lines. The element connection relationship between the sub-ports 4 of the chip layer provided in this embodiment is connected to the sub-ports 4 at each feeding port through good matching of non-conventional coaxial. Through the connection between the sub-ports 4 of each single-beam power splitting network layer 1 and the total port 3, and between the sub-ports 4 and the sub-ports 4 through power splitting network lines, amplitude-phase consistency is achieved.

[0081] In some embodiments, it further includes a first shielding structure and a second shielding structure; the first shielding structure is located around the power splitting network lines; the second shielding structure is located around the sub-ports 4;

[0082] The first shielding structure includes a first metal frame 8 and first metal ground vias 9; the first metal frame 8 forms a first shielding groove; the power splitting network line is located in the first shielding groove; the first metal ground vias 9 are located on both sides of the shielding groove;

[0083] The second shielding structure includes a second metal frame 10 and second metal ground vias 11; the first metal frame 8 is connected to the second metal frame 10, and the second metal frame 10 forms a second shielding groove; the sub-port 4 is located in the second shielding groove; the second metal ground vias 11 are located on the outer peripheral side of the second shielding groove.

[0084] As Figure 4 shown, the first shielding structure and the second shielding structure are correspondingly located around the power splitting network line and the sub-port 4. The first metal frame 8 of the first shielding structure forms a first shielding groove, the power splitting network line is in the first shielding groove, and the first metal ground vias 9 are located on both sides of the first shielding groove and are grounded to achieve a shielding effect. Similarly, the second metal frame 10 of the second shielding structure forms a second shielding groove, the sub-port 4 is in the first shielding groove, and the second metal ground vias 11 are located on the outer peripheral side of the second shielding groove and are grounded to achieve a shielding effect. It can be understood that the first metal frame 8 and the second metal frame 10 can be hollow areas, and the corresponding power splitting network lines are distributed in the hollow areas. The distribution of the first metal ground vias 9 and the second metal ground vias 11 is not limited. It can be that the first metal ground vias 9 are evenly distributed on both sides of all the first shielding grooves, and the second metal ground vias 11 are evenly distributed on the outer peripheral side of the second shielding grooves. The distances between the respective metal ground vias and the adjacent metal ground vias can be equal.

[0085] The second metal ground vias 11 provided in this embodiment are used to shield the interference signals corresponding to the signals penetrating through the sub-port 4, so that the signals introduced by the sub-port 4 are transmitted to the chip layer as much as possible. The first metal ground vias 9 are used to shield the signals corresponding to the power splitting network line. In some embodiments, the single-beam power splitting network layers 1 are stacked on top of each other from top to bottom in sequence; among them, the upper ground of the first single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is connected to the first single-beam power splitting network layer 1; the first single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is connected to the lower ground of the first single-beam power splitting network layer 1; the lower ground of the upper single-beam power splitting network layer 1 and the upper ground of the lower single-beam power splitting network layer 1 of adjacent layers are in the same layer; the last single-beam power splitting network layer 1 is connected to the lower ground of the last single-beam power splitting network layer 1. Specifically, taking single-beam A and single-beam B as examples, this embodiment only considers the problems solved by the present invention, and it corresponds to 5 layers. The first layer is the upper ground (metal ground) of the single-beam A power splitting network, the second layer is the single-beam A power splitting network, the third layer is the lower ground of the single-beam A power splitting network and the upper ground of the single-beam B power splitting network, the fourth layer is the single-beam B power splitting network, and the fifth layer is the lower ground of the single-beam B power splitting network.

[0086] The power distribution networks corresponding to single beam A and single beam B are mainly connected to the feeding ports through unconventional matching coaxial cables. Equal-length strip lines 5 are arranged along the two total ports 3, so that the output of each sub-port 4 has equal phase, thereby realizing the equal-phase and equal-power output of radio frequency signals at the beam sub-ports 4. In addition, based on the overall layout of this embodiment, one layer of ground is reduced. The lower ground of the upper layer beam power distribution network layer and the upper ground of the lower layer beam power distribution network layer in adjacent layers are in the same layer, reducing blind vias and to a certain extent reducing the complexity of the design.

[0087] In addition, the multi-beam power distribution network of the present utility model also increases the beam spatial angle compared with the traditional single-beam design, so that the received signal range is wider. Further, in the multi-beam power distribution network, the application scenarios can also be increased to realize flexible switching of single beams.

[0088] Further, the present utility model also provides a multi-beam feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, including a vertical transition structure, a feeding layer, and the above-mentioned multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna;

[0089] The feeding layer and the power distribution network layer of the multi-beam power distribution network are connected through a vertical transition structure.

[0090] It can be understood that the feeding layer and the power distribution network layer of the multi-beam power distribution network are connected through a vertical transition structure. The vertical transition structure is an important design element in electronics and microwave engineering, which is used to achieve smooth transitions between different dielectrics or different electrical layers of a printed circuit board (PCB). It realizes the vertical connection of dielectrics between transmission lines such as microstrip lines or strip lines 5 and waveguides, coaxial cables or other types of transmission lines. Ensure proper impedance matching between different transmission lines or components, reduce signal reflection and transmission loss; when power needs to be transmitted vertically, such as vertical feeding from a microstrip line to an antenna array; in PCB board design or packaging, due to space limitations, it may be necessary to vertically stack components or circuit layers. Transmitting signals through a vertical transition structure can reduce electromagnetic interference between different parts. When designing a vertical transition structure, various factors need to be considered, including electrical characteristics (such as impedance matching, transmission loss), physical dimensions, thermal performance, cost, and manufacturing process. Correct design can ensure the effective transmission of signals and improve the overall performance and reliability of the system.

[0091] In this embodiment, the feeding layer includes microstrip lines; the microstrip lines are located around the feeding ports of the chip layer to form a closed structure; the microstrip lines are connected to the sub-ports 4 of the power distribution network layer through a vertical transition structure, and are used to feed the signals of the power distribution network layer to the feeding ports of the chip layer through the sub-ports 4 of the power distribution network layer, constituting a feeding network.

[0092] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of microstrip lines corresponding to each sub - port of a power - dividing network layer provided by an embodiment of the present utility model, as Figure 7 shown. Taking a dual - beam power - dividing network as an example, the single - beam power - dividing network layer 1 of each layer includes 16 sub - ports 4. There will be deviations in the via positions corresponding to the chip layer and the power - dividing network layer in the prior art. In order to ensure signal transmission between the chip layer and the power - dividing network layer in a larger range without loss, the sub - ports 4 of the power - dividing network layer are connected to the microstrip lines of the feeding layer of the chip layer through a vertical transition structure, so as to ensure that the signals around the sub - ports 4 can also be transmitted to the chip layer. The feeding layer in this embodiment includes microstrip lines, which are used to realize signal transmission between the chip layer and the power - dividing network layer. The microstrip line presents a closed structure, which is composed of a conductive strip and a ground plane, usually on the surface of a dielectric substrate. The microstrip line is connected to the sub - ports 4 of the power - dividing network layer through a vertical transition structure, and feeds the signals of the power - dividing network layer to the feeding ports of the chip layer through the sub - ports 4 in the largest range, thus forming a feeding network.

[0093] The feeding ports of the chip layer are located at the edge or surface of the chip, which are small areas or contact points on the chip, and are used to introduce the signals of the power - dividing network layer into the chip or transmit the signals inside the chip. The feeding ports are usually connected to the feeding network inside the chip and are responsible for distributing the signals to different parts of the chip.

[0094] For the introduction of a multi - beam feeding network applied to a multi - beam phased array antenna provided by the present utility model, please refer to the above - mentioned method embodiment. The present utility model will not be elaborated here, and it has the same beneficial effects as the multi - beam power - dividing network applied to the multi - beam phased array antenna.

[0095] Furthermore, the present utility model also provides a multi - beam phased array antenna, which includes a chip layer, a plurality of antenna units, and the above - mentioned multi - beam feeding network applied to the multi - beam phased array antenna;

[0096] The chip layer is connected to the plurality of antenna units;

[0097] The multi - beam feeding network is connected to the chip layer.

[0098] Specifically, in the case of transmitting a signal, the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the multi-beam feed network to determine the corresponding single-beam power distribution network layer 1, enters through the total ports in the single-beam power distribution network layer 1, and is power-distributed to the sub-ports of the single-beam power distribution network layer 1. Based on the connection relationship between the sub-ports and the vertical transition structure, it is transmitted to the input ports of the chip layer. After the dispersion processing of the chip layer, the signals processed by the chip layer form single-beam signals of each single-beam power distribution network layer through multiple antenna elements, and are radiated outward through multiple single-beam signals (multi-beam signals). In the case of receiving a signal, the signals of multiple antenna elements are synthesized by the chip layer to obtain a multi-beam signal, and are transmitted to the corresponding single-beam power distribution network layer 1 through the connection relationship between the output ports of the chip layer and the sub-ports of the corresponding single-beam power distribution network layer 1 in the multi-beam feed network through the vertical transition structure, and are power-distributed to the corresponding total ports through the power distribution processing of the single-beam power distribution network layer 1, so as to output the processed radio frequency signal.

[0099] It should be noted that for the multi-beam phased array antenna of the present invention in the scenarios of receiving signals and / or transmitting signals, if the same radio frequency signal is processed in the phased array antenna, since the frequencies of the radio frequency signals corresponding to the transmitted signal and the received signal are different, only the function of transmitting signals or receiving signals can be realized. If different radio frequency signals are processed, the common function of transmitting signals and receiving signals can be realized, but at the same moment, only one signal can be transmitted, that is, the transmitted signal and the received signal are time-division shared.

[0100] For the introduction of a multi-beam phased array antenna provided by the present invention, please refer to the above method embodiments, and the present invention will not be elaborated here. It has the same beneficial effects as the multi-beam power distribution network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna.

[0101] Figure 8 It is the amplitude schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single beam A provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 8 shown, in the case of frequencies of 17.7 GHz and 21.20 GHz, the corresponding amplitude values differ slightly. Figure 9 It is the phase schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single beam A provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 9 shown, in the case of frequencies of 17.7 GHz and 21.20 GHz, the corresponding phase differences are small. Figure 10 It is the amplitude schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single beam B provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 10 shown, in the case of frequencies of 17.7 GHz and 21.20 GHz, the corresponding amplitude values differ slightly. Figure 11 It is the phase schematic diagram of a power distribution network of a single beam B provided by an embodiment of the present invention. AsFigure 11 As shown, at frequencies of 17.7 GHz and 21.20 GHz, the corresponding phase differences are relatively small. Therefore, at the same frequency point, the amplitude difference is less than 0.2 dB and the phase difference is less than 2°, showing good amplitude-phase consistency.

[0102] The above has introduced in detail a multi-beam power distribution network and a feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna provided by the present utility model. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0103] It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the element.

Claims

1. A multi-beam power division network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, characterized in that The power splitting network (2) includes at least two single-beam power splitting network layers (1); Each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) is stacked in sequence; The power splitting network line lengths corresponding to each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) satisfy the conditions of equal phase and equal amplitude, so as to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude for the signals received and / or transmitted by the multi-beam phased array antenna.

2. The multi-beam power distribution network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein The power splitting network line lengths corresponding to each of the single-beam power splitting network layers (1) are configured by the strip lines (5) of the power splitting network layer.

3. The multi-beam power distribution network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power splitting network line lengths corresponding to each of the single-beam power splitting network layers (1) are determined by the winding method of the strip lines (5) of the power splitting network layer.

4. The multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 3, wherein It further includes a bending structure (7); The bending structure (7) is used for adjustment at the target strip line (5) of the power splitting network layer to achieve equal phase and equal amplitude of the power splitting network line lengths corresponding to each of the single-beam power splitting network layers (1).

5. The multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein The number of sub-ports (4) to which the power splitting network lines corresponding to each of the single-beam power splitting network layers (1) belong is the same; Among them, the power splits at all levels of each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) are evenly distributed on the corresponding single-beam power splitting network layer (1), and the power splits at all levels of each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) are in a mirror-symmetric structure or a non-mirror-symmetric structure.

6. The multi-beam power division network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Taking the direction of the dielectric substrate where each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) is located as the horizontal direction, the sub-ports (4) of each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) are connected to the feeding ports of the chip layer in the vertical direction through a vertical transition structure to realize the connection between the chip layer and the power splitting network layer; In the horizontal direction, the sub-ports (4) of each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) are connected to the total port (3) and between the sub-ports (4) of each single-beam power splitting network layer (1) through the power splitting network lines.

7. The multi-beam power distribution network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 6, wherein It further includes a first shielding structure and a second shielding structure; the first shielding structure is located around the power splitting network lines; the second shielding structure is located around the sub-ports (4); The first shielding structure includes a first metal frame (8) and a first metal ground via (9); the first metal frame (8) forms a first shielding groove; the power splitting network lines are located in the first shielding groove; the first metal ground via (9) is located on both sides of the first shielding groove; The second shielding structure includes a second metal frame (10) and a second metal ground via (11); the first metal frame (8) is connected to the second metal frame (10), and the second metal frame (10) forms a second shielding groove; the sub-ports (4) are located in the second shielding groove; the second metal ground via (11) is located on the outer peripheral side of the second shielding groove.

8. The multi-beam power division network applied to the multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 1, wherein Each single-beam power division network layer (1) is stacked and placed in sequence from top to bottom; among them, the upper ground of the first single-beam power division network layer (1) is connected to the first single-beam power division network layer (1); the first single-beam power division network layer (1) is connected to the lower ground of the first single-beam power division network layer (1); the lower ground of the upper single-beam power division network layer (1) and the upper ground of the lower single-beam power division network layer (1) of adjacent layers are in the same layer; the last single-beam power division network layer (1) is connected to the lower ground of the last single-beam power division network layer (1).

9. A multi-beam feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna, characterized in that, It includes a vertical transition structure, a feeding layer, and a multi-beam power division network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The feeding layer and the power division network layer of the multi-beam power division network are connected through the vertical transition structure.

10. A multi-beam phased array antenna, characterized in that, It includes a chip layer, a plurality of antenna elements, and a multi-beam feeding network applied to a multi-beam phased array antenna according to claim 9 above; The chip layer is connected to a plurality of antenna elements; The multi-beam feeding network is connected to the chip layer.

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