Storage battery pack open circuit protection circuit
By introducing a spare battery pack and switching module into the battery pack, and monitoring voltage changes with IGBT tubes and comparators, the entire set of faults caused by the open circuit of the single unit in the series battery pack is solved, and the safe and reliable operation of the battery pack is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422145846.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-02
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-02
AI Technical Summary
In a series battery pack, an open circuit failure of a single unit will cause the entire battery to fail to work normally, affecting the stable operation of the DC system, increasing the risk of power outage, and reducing the safety of use.
The combination of backup battery pack, switching module and control module is adopted to monitor the voltage changes of the battery sub-group through the IGBT tube and the comparator, control the on and off of the IGBT tube, connect the backup battery pack to the open circuit, replace the open circuit battery pack, and ensure the normal use of the battery pack.
It improves the safety of the battery pack, avoids overall open circuit, ensures the normal operation of the battery pack, and improves the stability and safety of the system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223066853U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, and particularly relates to an open - circuit protection circuit for a battery pack. Background Technique
[0002] In key systems of the power industry, the stable operation of the DC system is an important guarantee to ensure the uninterrupted functions of power transmission, distribution, and communication command. To achieve this goal, series - connected battery packs are widely used as the main power source or backup power source, especially in key links such as communication power supplies and DC dispatching control systems. These systems are configured with finely designed battery packs. For example, the communication power supply uses 24 2V battery monomers connected in series, while the DC dispatching control system may use a more massive 104 2V battery monomers connected in series to provide sufficient and reliable backup power support.
[0003] However, in a series - connected battery pack, since each battery monomer is connected in series, any open - circuit fault in a single monomer will cause the entire battery pack to malfunction, directly affecting the output voltage and current capacity of the entire battery pack, and may further cause the entire DC system to lose backup power support, increasing the risk of power outage. This risk increases significantly with the increase in the number of series - connected monomers because each monomer may become a potential fault point. Therefore, the open - circuit of the battery pack affects the use safety of the battery pack. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] In view of this, the utility model aims to propose an open - circuit protection circuit for a battery pack to improve the use safety of the battery pack.
[0005] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows:
[0006] An open - circuit protection circuit for a battery pack is used for protecting the battery pack from open - circuit. The battery pack includes several battery subgroups. The protection circuit is characterized in that it includes: a backup battery pack, a switching module, and a control module;
[0007] The positive and negative electrodes of the backup battery pack are respectively connected to the switching module to be connected to the open - circuit of the battery pack;
[0008] The switching module is connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes of each battery subgroup to connect the backup battery pack to the open - circuited battery subgroup;
[0009] The control module is connected to the switching module and each battery subgroup to control the on - off of the switching module when an open - circuit of the battery subgroup is detected, so as to connect the backup battery pack to the open - circuit of the battery pack.
[0010] Further, the switching module includes several groups of first IGBT tubes and second IGBT tubes respectively connected to both ends of the battery subgroup;
[0011] Among them, the collector of the first IGBT tube is connected to the positive pole of the backup battery pack, the emitter of the first IGBT tube is connected to the positive pole of the battery subgroup, and the gate of the first IGBT tube is connected to the control module;
[0012] The collector of the second IGBT tube is connected to the negative pole of the battery subgroup, the emitter of the second IGBT tube is connected to the negative pole of the backup battery pack, and the gate of the second IGBT tube is connected to the control module.
[0013] Further, the control module includes a first comparator, a first constant voltage source, and a second constant voltage source;
[0014] The non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first constant voltage source, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the positive pole of the battery subgroup, the power input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the second constant voltage source, the ground terminal of the first comparator is connected to the negative pole of the battery subgroup, and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the switching module. Further, the voltage of the backup battery pack is the same as that of the battery subgroup.
[0015] Further, the voltage of the backup battery pack is the same as that of the battery subgroup.
[0016] Further, the first constant voltage source and the second constant voltage source adopt a calibrated regulated power supply. The first voltage output terminal of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator, and the second voltage output terminal of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the power input terminal of the first comparator;
[0017] The output voltage of the first constant voltage source is the output voltage of the first voltage output terminal, and the output voltage of the second constant voltage source is the output voltage of the second voltage output terminal.
[0018] Further, the output voltage of the first constant voltage source is greater than the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery subgroup.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0020] The open - circuit protection circuit for the battery pack described in the present utility model receives signals from the control module through a switching module to connect the backup battery pack to the battery pack, so as to be able to replace the open - circuited battery sub - group in the battery pack to ensure the normal use of the battery pack. Through this protection circuit, it is possible to avoid the overall open - circuit of the battery pack caused by the open - circuit of the battery sub - group in the battery pack. Through the access of the backup battery pack, the overall continuous use of the battery pack is ensured, and the use safety of the battery pack is improved.
[0021] By using IGBT tubes to be respectively connected between the positive and negative poles of the battery sub - group and the backup battery, and using the control module to control the on - off of the IGBT tubes, when the control module detects that the battery sub - group is open - circuited, the IGBT tubes can be turned on to connect the backup battery pack in parallel to the open - circuited battery pack in the battery pack, so as to improve the use safety of the battery pack and facilitate control.
[0022] Through the setting of the comparator, it is possible to judge whether the battery sub - group is open - circuited according to the voltage change of the battery sub - group, and output a control signal to control the switching module to connect the backup battery pack to the open - circuit of the battery pack when the battery sub - group is open - circuited. The whole process does not require additional control means, and only the voltage value input to the comparator is needed to judge whether the battery sub - group is open - circuited. The structure is simple and is conducive to design and implementation.
[0023] Make the first constant - voltage source and the second constant - voltage source be calibrated regulated power supplies, which is conducive to reducing the number of devices. And through the calibrated regulated power supply, the output value of the voltage can be adjusted, and the voltage can be stably output according to the set value, which improves the stability of the operation of this protection circuit and is conducive to design and implementation.
[0024] Make the output voltage of the first constant - voltage source greater than the discharge cut - off voltage of the battery sub - group, which is conducive to filtering the normal use situation of the battery sub - group, improving the accuracy of the control module to judge the open - circuit of the battery sub - group, and is conducive to design and implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] The drawings forming a part of the present utility model are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present utility model. In the drawings:
[0026] Figure 1 is the circuit diagram of the open - circuit protection circuit for the battery pack described in the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0027] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS
[0028] 10. Battery pack; 20. Battery sub - group; 30. Backup battery pack; 40. Switching module; 50. Control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that if terms indicating orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, they are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, if terms such as "first", "second", etc. appear, they are also only for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0031] In addition, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "connector" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood in combination with specific situations.
[0032] The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with embodiments.
[0033] Embodiment 1
[0034] This embodiment relates to an open - circuit protection circuit for a battery pack to improve the use safety of the battery pack.
[0035] In terms of the overall structure, as Figure 1 shown, the open - circuit protection circuit for the battery pack in this embodiment is used for the open - circuit protection of the battery pack 10. Among them, the battery pack 10 includes several battery sub - packs 20, and this protection circuit includes: a backup battery pack 30, a switching module 40, and a control module 50.
[0036] Among them, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the backup battery pack 30 are respectively connected to the switching module 40 to access the open - circuit of the battery pack 10. The switching module 40 is connected in parallel with the positive and negative electrodes of each battery sub - pack 20 to connect the backup battery pack 30 to the open - circuit battery sub - pack 20. The control module 50 is connected to the switching module 40 and each battery sub - pack 20 to control the on - off of the switching module 40 when an open - circuit of the battery sub - pack 20 is detected, so as to connect the backup battery pack 30 to the open - circuit of the battery pack 10.
[0037] With the above settings, in the battery pack open - circuit protection circuit of this embodiment, the switching module 40 receives the signal from the control module 50 to connect the backup battery pack 30 to the battery pack 10, so as to be able to replace the open - circuited battery sub - group 20 in the battery pack 10 to ensure the normal use of the battery pack 10. Through this protection circuit, it is possible to avoid the overall open - circuit of the battery pack 10 caused by the open - circuit of the battery sub - group 20 in the battery pack 10. By connecting the backup battery pack 30, the overall continuous use of the battery pack 10 is ensured, and the use safety of the battery pack 10 is improved.
[0038] Based on the above overall introduction, combined with Figure 1 As shown, as an exemplary structure, the switching module 40 of the battery pack open - circuit protection circuit in this embodiment includes a number of groups of first IGBT transistors Q1 and second IGBT transistors Q2 respectively connected to both ends of the battery sub - group 20.
[0039] Among them, the collector of the first IGBT transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the backup battery pack 30, the emitter of the first IGBT transistor Q1 is connected to the positive pole of the battery sub - group 20, the gate of the first IGBT transistor Q1 is connected to the control module 50, the collector of the second IGBT transistor Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the battery sub - group 20, the emitter of the second IGBT transistor Q2 is connected to the negative pole of the backup battery pack 30, and the gate of the second IGBT transistor Q2 is connected to the control module 50. By using IGBT transistors to be respectively connected between the positive and negative poles of the battery sub - group 20 and the backup battery, and using the control module 50 to control the on - off of the IGBT transistors, when the control module 50 detects that the battery sub - group 20 is open - circuited, the IGBT transistors can be turned on to connect the backup battery pack 30 in parallel to the open - circuited battery sub - group 20 in the battery pack 10, so as to improve the use safety of the battery pack 10 and facilitate control.
[0040] In order to better monitor and control the switching module 40, the control module 50 of the battery pack open - circuit protection circuit in this embodiment includes a first comparator COMP, a first constant - voltage source, and a second constant - voltage source.
[0041] Specifically, the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator COMP is connected to the first constant voltage source, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator COMP is connected to the positive electrode of the battery sub-group 20, the power input terminal of the first comparator COMP is connected to the second constant voltage source, the ground terminal of the first comparator COMP is connected to the negative electrode of the battery sub-group 20, and the output terminal of the first comparator COMP is connected to the switching module 40. Through the setting of the comparator, it is possible to determine whether the battery sub-group 20 is open-circuited according to the voltage change of the battery sub-group 20, and when the battery sub-group 20 is open-circuited, output a control signal to control the switching module 40 to connect the backup battery pack 30 to the open-circuit of the battery pack 10. The entire process does not require additional control means, and only the voltage value input by the comparator can be used to determine whether the battery sub-group 20 is open-circuited. The structure is simple and conducive to design and implementation.
[0042] In order to better connect the backup battery pack 30 to the battery pack 10, the voltage of the backup battery pack 30 in the battery pack open-circuit protection circuit in this embodiment is the same as the voltage of the battery sub-group 20, so that the voltage of the backup battery pack 30 is the same as the voltage of the battery sub-group 20, which is conducive to the access of the backup battery pack 30, conducive to ensuring the normal use of the battery pack 10, and conducive to design and implementation.
[0043] In order to better ensure the output of the voltage, the first constant voltage source and the second constant voltage source of the switching module 40 in the battery pack open-circuit protection circuit in this embodiment adopt a calibrated regulated power supply. The first voltage output terminal U1 of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first comparator COMP, and the second voltage output terminal U2 of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the power input terminal of the first comparator COMP. The output voltage of the first constant voltage source is the output voltage of the first voltage output terminal U1, and the output voltage of the second constant voltage source is the output voltage of the second voltage output terminal U2, so that the first constant voltage source and the second constant voltage source are calibrated regulated power supplies, which is conducive to reducing the number of devices. Moreover, the output value of the voltage can be adjusted through the calibrated regulated power supply, and the voltage can be stably output according to the set value, improving the stability of the operation of the protection circuit and being conducive to design and implementation.
[0044] In order to more accurately determine the open-circuit location in the battery pack 10, the output voltage of the first constant voltage source in the battery pack open-circuit protection circuit in this embodiment is greater than the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery sub-group 20, so that the output voltage of the first constant voltage source is greater than the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery sub-group 20, which is conducive to filtering the normal use situation of the battery sub-group 20, improving the accuracy of the control module 50 to judge the open-circuit of the battery sub-group 20, and being conducive to design and implementation.
[0045] When the battery pack open-circuit protection circuit in this embodiment is in use, combined with Figure 1As shown in the figure, the battery pack 10 in this embodiment includes four battery sub - packs 20. A group of a first IGBT transistor Q1 and a second IGBT transistor Q2 are connected between the positive and negative electrodes of each battery sub - pack 20 and the standby battery sub - pack 20. Each group of IGBT transistors is correspondingly equipped with a first comparator COMP. When the inter - group voltage of the battery sub - pack 20 monitored by the first comparator COMP drops to an open - circuit state, the comparator outputs a control voltage, which is the voltage output by the second constant - voltage source. The control voltage is output to the gates of the corresponding first IGBT transistor Q1 and second IGBT transistor Q2 to turn on the corresponding IGBT transistors, thereby connecting the standby battery pack 30 into the battery pack 10 to replace the open - circuit battery sub - pack 20.
[0046] In the battery open - circuit protection circuit of this embodiment, through the setting of each group of IGBT transistors, the standby battery pack 30 can be connected to the open - circuit part in the battery pack 10 when needed and disconnected when not needed to ensure the normal use of the battery pack 10. By using a comparator to monitor the inter - group voltage of the battery sub - packs 20, the monitoring accuracy is high. And when it is detected that a battery sub - pack 20 is open - circuited, a control voltage is output to turn on the corresponding group of IGBT transistors to connect the standby battery pack 30 into the battery pack 10, which helps to improve the use safety of the battery pack 10 and ensure the normal use of the battery pack 10.
[0047] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An open - circuit protection circuit for a battery pack, which is used for open - circuit protection of the battery pack (10). The battery pack (10) includes a plurality of battery sub - packs (20), and is characterized in that, The protection circuit includes: a backup battery pack (30), a switching module (40), and a control module (50); The positive and negative electrodes of the backup battery pack (30) are respectively connected to the switching module (40) to be connected to the open circuit of the battery pack (10); The switching module (40) is connected in parallel to the positive and negative electrodes of each battery sub - group (20) to connect the backup battery pack (30) to the open - circuited battery sub - group (20); The control module (50) is connected to the switching module (40) and each battery sub - group (20) to control the on - off of the switching module (40) when an open circuit of the battery sub - group (20) is detected, so as to connect the backup battery pack (30) to the open circuit of the battery pack (10).
2. The battery pack open - circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching module (40) includes a number of groups of first IGBT tubes and second IGBT tubes respectively connected to both ends of the battery sub - group (20); Among them, the collector of the first IGBT tube is connected to the positive electrode of the backup battery pack (30), the emitter of the first IGBT tube is connected to the positive electrode of the battery sub - group (20), and the gate of the first IGBT tube is connected to the control module (50); The collector of the second IGBT tube is connected to the negative electrode of the battery sub - group (20), the emitter of the second IGBT tube is connected to the negative electrode of the backup battery pack (30), and the gate of the second IGBT tube is connected to the control module (50).
3. The battery pack open - circuit protection circuit according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control module (50) includes a first comparator, a first constant - voltage source, and a second constant - voltage source; The non - inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the first constant - voltage source, the inverting input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the positive electrode of the battery sub - group (20), the power supply input terminal of the first comparator is connected to the second constant - voltage source, the ground terminal of the first comparator is connected to the negative electrode of the battery sub - group (20), and the output terminal of the first comparator is connected to the switching module (40).
4. The battery pack open - circuit protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backup battery pack (30) has the same voltage as the battery sub - group (20).
5. The battery pack open - circuit protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first constant - voltage source and the second constant - voltage source adopt a calibrated regulated power supply. The first voltage output terminal of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the non - inverting input terminal of the first comparator, and the second voltage output terminal of the calibrated regulated power supply is connected to the power supply input terminal of the first comparator; The output voltage of the first constant - voltage source is the output voltage of the first voltage output terminal, and the output voltage of the second constant - voltage source is the output voltage of the second voltage output terminal.
6. The battery pack open - circuit protection circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output voltage of the first constant - voltage source is greater than the discharge cut - off voltage of the battery sub - group (20).