Industrial wastewater defluorination device
Through the design of multi-stage treatment and disassembled filtration mechanism, the problem of incomplete fluoride ion removal in the prior art is solved, efficient fluoride ion removal and convenient replacement of adsorbent layer is achieved, ensuring that the water effluent meets the standards and avoiding waste of agents and secondary pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422170271.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-04
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively remove fluorine ions in fluorine-containing industrial wastewater, especially the ion exchange fluorine removal resin method cannot be replaced after adsorption saturation, resulting in the wastewater fluorine ions exceeding the standard, and the traditional precipitation method is not effective, making it difficult to meet the emission standards.
An industrial wastewater fluorine removal device is designed, including a first-level coagulation precipitation reaction tank, a second-level coagulation precipitation reaction tank, a stirring clarification tank, an ion exchange tank and a clean water tank. A disassembled filtration mechanism and a sludge return system are installed, and the adsorption layer of activated carbon layer and fluorine removal resin layer are used for multi-stage treatment, so as to achieve convenient replacement of the adsorption layer and full utilization of the agent.
The fluorine removal efficiency is improved, the fluorine ion concentration of the effluent water meets the standards, avoids secondary pollution, and realizes convenient replacement of the adsorbent layer and efficient utilization of the agent.
Smart Images
Figure CN223074049U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to an industrial wastewater defluorination device. Background Art
[0002] The characteristics of fluorine-containing industrial wastewater are large water volume, high concentration, wide distribution, great harm and difficult treatment. Most fluorine-containing industrial wastewaters are mixed with other pollutants such as inorganic acids or inorganic salts, which often increases the treatment difficulty.
[0003] In the past processes and engineering events for treating fluorine-containing industrial wastewater, the one-step lime neutralization precipitation method is mostly adopted, that is, by adding lime or calcium chloride to the wastewater, so that fluoride ions and calcium ions generate calcium fluoride, and the precipitate is separated from water by methods such as filtration or natural sedimentation to achieve the purpose of defluorination. This method has good precipitation effect, is simple and convenient, and has low cost. However, due to reasons such as the particle properties and high solubility of the precipitate, it is difficult to achieve the goal in one step. The fluorine content of the treated wastewater is still likely to exceed the standard and is difficult to meet the discharge standard (less than 10 mg / L), and it is easy to cause secondary pollution, which is not conducive to the subsequent comprehensive utilization. In order to further reduce the concentration of fluoride, it is necessary to use a deep defluorination technology in combination. The ion exchange defluorination resin method can exchange anions contained in the defluorination resin with fluoride ions, and then adsorb the fluoride ions in the wastewater to achieve wastewater defluorination. It has the advantages of high selectivity, good treatment effect, stable effluent and simple operation, and is suitable for treating low-concentration fluorine-containing wastewater. However, for the ion exchange defluorination resin method, the defluorination resin needs to be frequently replaced to ensure the adsorption effect on fluoride ions. Otherwise, after the defluorination resin is saturated in adsorption, it cannot play its due adsorption effect, resulting in the fluoride ions in the discharged wastewater exceeding the standard. However, the defluorination resin is generally arranged inside the ion exchange tank and cannot be replaced conveniently. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The utility model discloses a device, which studies and improves the existing structure and deficiencies, and provides an industrial wastewater defluorination device to achieve a better practical value purpose.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] An industrial wastewater defluorination device includes a primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, a secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, a stirring clarifier, an ion exchange tank and a clear water tank connected in sequence. A detachable filtering mechanism is arranged on the ion exchange tank, an adsorption layer is arranged inside the detachable filtering mechanism, a sludge outlet pipe is arranged on the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, a sludge pump is arranged on the sludge outlet pipe, and a return sludge pipe is arranged at the outlet of the sludge pump and is connected to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank.
[0007] In some embodiments, the detachable filtering mechanism includes a sealing cover disposed on the top of the ion exchange tank. A material holding box is fixedly connected to the middle of the sealing cover. The material holding box is disposed between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the ion exchange tank. One end of the material holding box away from the sealing cover is provided with a material holding opening, and a cover plate is connected to the material holding opening. The side surface of the material holding box is provided with porous hollow-outs.
[0008] In some embodiments, limiting blocks are provided around the lower surface of the sealing cover, and clamping grooves engaged with the limiting blocks are provided around the ion exchange tank. The sealing cover and the ion exchange tank are connected by bolts.
[0009] In some embodiments, a sludge sedimentation tank is further included. The secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank and the mixing clarifier are respectively connected to the sludge sedimentation tank through the sludge pump.
[0010] In some embodiments, an inclined tube settler is disposed in the mixing clarifier. A sludge hopper is formed below the inclined tube settler. The sludge hopper is communicated with a sewage discharge pipe, and the sewage discharge pipe is connected to the sludge sedimentation tank.
[0011] In some embodiments, two fixed baffles are respectively provided on both sides of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank from top to bottom. The fixed baffles divide the interior of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank into a coagulation zone and a sedimentation zone. A first stirring structure with controllable rotation speed is disposed in the coagulation zone.
[0012] In some embodiments, an on-line pH meter is disposed in the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, and the pH value of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank is greater than or equal to 11. An on-line fluoride ion detector is disposed in the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank.
[0013] In some embodiments, the adsorption layer includes an activated carbon layer and a defluorination resin layer.
[0014] The present utility model has the following advantages:
[0015] By providing the detachable filtering mechanism, the adsorption layer in the detachable filtering mechanism can be directly disassembled after being saturatedly adsorbed to clean and replace the adsorption layer in the detachable filtering mechanism, so as to improve the overall filtering efficiency and effect. At the same time, by providing a sludge discharge pipe, a sludge pump and a return sludge pipe, a part of the concentrated liquid of the effluent from the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank is returned to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank. The purpose is to reduce the fluoride ion content at the bottom of the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank and prevent the fluoride ions contained in the sludge accumulated at the bottom from being released, increasing the fluoride ion content in the effluent of the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank. The advantage of returning to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank is that it can relatively dilute the fluoride ion concentration in the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank and also make full use of the medicament. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an industrial wastewater defluorination device proposed by the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 It is a decomposition structural schematic diagram of an ion exchange tank of an industrial wastewater defluorination device proposed by the present utility model.
[0018] In the drawings: 1 primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, 11 fixed baffle, 111 coagulation zone, 112 sedimentation zone, 113 rotating rod, 114 driving motor, 115 stirring blade, 2 secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank, 21 sludge discharge pipe, 22 return sludge pump, 23 return sludge pipe, 3 stirring clarifier, 301 sludge collection hopper, 302 sewage discharge pipe, 4 ion exchange tank, 41 sealing cover, 401 clamping groove, 411 limiting block, 42 material holding box, 421 material loading port, 43 cover plate, 5 clear water tank, 6 sludge sedimentation tank, 7 inclined tube sedimentator. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and marked in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings below is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0020] Such as Figure 1-2As shown in the figure, an industrial wastewater defluorination device provided in this embodiment includes, in some embodiments, a primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, a secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2, a stirring clarifier 3, an ion exchange tank 4, and a clear water tank 5 that are connected in sequence. Preferably, the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2, and the stirring clarifier 3 can be arranged with a sequential elevation difference so that the wastewater can be automatically and sequentially treated in the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2, and the stirring clarifier 3 continuously. The industrial wastewater defluorination device further includes a sludge sedimentation tank 6. The secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2 and the stirring clarifier 3 are respectively connected to the sludge sedimentation tank 6 through sludge pumps. A sludge discharge pipe 21 is provided on the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2. A return sludge pump 22 is provided on the sludge discharge pipe 21. A return sludge pipe 23 is provided at the outlet of the return sludge pump 22. The return sludge pipe 23 is connected to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1. That is, the supernatant above the sedimented liquid at the bottom of the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2 is returned to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1. The stirring clarifier 3 is connected to the ion exchange tank 4 through a water pump, and the ion exchange tank 4 is connected to the clear water tank 5 through a water pump.
[0021] Specifically, the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1 is used for soluble calcium salts such as calcium chloride and calcium phosphate to produce calcium fluoride precipitate and introduce the supernatant of the obtained wastewater into the second-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2. On both sides inside the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, two fixed baffles 11 are alternately arranged from top to bottom. The fixed baffles 11 divide the inside of the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1 into a coagulation zone 111 and a sedimentation zone 112. An S-shaped flow path is formed between the fixed baffles 11, and this flow path can slow down the flow rate of the wastewater and the input soluble calcium salt, enabling the wastewater to fully and evenly contact the soluble calcium salt. A first stirring structure with a controllable rotation speed is arranged in the coagulation zone 111. The first stirring structure includes a rotating rod 113, a driving motor 114, a plurality of stirring blades 115, and a controller. The driving motor 114 is arranged on the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1. One end of the rotating rod 113 extends into the coagulation zone 111, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving motor 114. A plurality of stirring blades 115 are arranged on the outer surface of the rotating rod 113. The driving motor 114 is electrically connected to the controller. By controlling the controller to start the driving motor 114, the rotating rod 114 is driven to rotate, and then a plurality of stirring blades 115 are driven to rotate. This enables the wastewater to fully and evenly contact the soluble calcium salt. When most of the chemicals have reacted, the rate of the plurality of stirring blades is controlled through the controller for slow mixing to promote the formation of flocculent flocs and prepare for better flocculation and sedimentation in the next step. The flocculent flocs enter the sedimentation zone 112 where the water flow disturbance is reduced, which is beneficial to the sedimentation of sludge. Further, an on-line pH meter is provided inside the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, and the pH value of the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1 is greater than or equal to 11. In some embodiments, an alkaline regulator such as calcium chloride, lime, soda ash, etc. can be added to the first-stage coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1 to adjust the pH to 11 or above.
[0022] In some embodiments, the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2 may be provided with a second stirring structure. The secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2 is used to first add soluble calcium salt to the supernatant introduced from the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, start the second stirring structure and stir for 5 - 10 minutes, and then add a flocculant. In some embodiments, the flocculant may include PAC, PFS, phosphoric acid, phosphate, etc. Then, in combination with calcium chloride, a complex is formed with fluoride ions to achieve the effect of removing fluoride ions until the final concentration of fluoride ions is 10 mg / L for flocculation sedimentation. An on-line fluoride ion detector is provided in the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2, and the final concentration of fluoride ions is made 10 mg / L through this on-line fluoride ion detector. In addition, the sediment is discharged into the sludge sedimentation tank 6 every 30 min - 60 min, and each discharge lasts for 3 - 5 minutes. The obtained wastewater supernatant is also refluxed to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1. The purpose is to reduce the fluoride ion content at the bottom of the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2, prevent the release of fluoride ions contained in the sludge accumulated at the bottom, and increase the fluoride ion content in the effluent of the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2. The advantage of refluxing to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1 is that it can relatively dilute the fluoride ion concentration in the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 1, and at the same time, it is also a full utilization of the chemicals. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the duration and interval of sediment discharge can be set differently according to needs.
[0023] In some embodiments, a third stirring structure and an inclined tube settler 7 provided below the third stirring structure are arranged in the stirring clarifier 3. A sludge hopper 301 is formed below the inclined tube settler 7, and a sewage discharge pipe 302 is connected to the sludge hopper 301. The sewage discharge pipe 302 is connected to the sludge sedimentation tank 6. The third stirring structure operates for 1 h and stops for 10 - 20 minutes. The intermittent operation of the clarifier ensures stable clarified effluent, and at the same time, a flocculant is added for sedimentation. The inclined tubes of the inclined tube settler 7 are Φ80 mm ethylene-propylene copolymer hexagonal honeycomb inclined tubes. The wastewater supernatant treated by the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank 2 enters the stirring clarifier 3, is stirred and reacts with the flocculant, and then the inclined tube settler 7 is used for sludge-water separation. The supernatant after sludge-water separation enters the ion exchange tank 4. The fluoride-containing sludge after sedimentation is discharged from the sludge hopper 301 and the sewage discharge pipe 302 to the sludge sedimentation tank 6 for disposal.
[0024] In some embodiments, a detachable filtering mechanism is arranged on the ion exchange tank 4, and an adsorption layer is arranged in the detachable filtering mechanism for adsorbing and filtering ions in the wastewater. Specifically, such as Figure 2As shown, the detachable filtering mechanism includes a sealing cover 41 arranged on the top of the ion exchange tank 4, a material box 42 is fixedly connected in the middle of the sealing cover 41, and the material box 42 is arranged between the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet of the ion exchange tank 4. The material box 42 is provided with a material port 421 at one end away from the sealing cover 41, and a cover plate 43 is connected to the material port 421. The side surface of the material box 42 is porous and hollow. The lower surface of the sealing cover 41 is provided with a limit block 411 around, and the ion exchange tank 4 is provided with a card slot 401 that is engaged with the limit block around, and the sealing cover 41 is connected to the ion exchange tank 4 by bolts. The adsorption layer includes an activated carbon layer and a fluorine removal resin layer. The particle size of the fluorine removal resin layer is 0.4 to 0.6 mm. The special fluorine removal resin is for fluorine ions, ensuring that the fluorine ion concentration of the effluent is smaller. The purpose of the activated carbon layer is to adsorb unreacted organic matter in the wastewater supernatant to ensure that the fluorine in the effluent meets the standard while other ions such as organic matter also meet the standard. It is understandable that in some other embodiments, the material of the adsorption layer can be set differently according to the material in the wastewater supernatant. In some other embodiments, the particle size of the fluorine removal resin layer can be set differently according to the requirements.
[0025] When in use, the wastewater supernatant treated by the stirring clarification tank 3 enters the ion exchange tank 4, and the wastewater supernatant enters the material box 42 through the porous hollowing, and the impurities and fluoride ions in the wastewater supernatant are adsorbed by the adsorption layer in the material box 42. After the adsorption treatment, the clean water with the fluoride content reaching the standard enters the clean water tank 5, and then is discharged or reused from the clean water tank 5 after disinfection by the disinfection and chlorination facilities. When replacing the adsorption layer, the bolts between the sealing cover 41 and the ion exchange tank 4 are screwed to separate the material box 42 on the sealing cover 41 from the ion exchange tank 4, and the cover plate 43 is opened to pour the adsorption layer out of the material box 42 and clean and backfill it for reuse.
[0026] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to this. The replacement can be a replacement of part of the structure, device, method step, or a complete technical solution. Equivalent replacement or change based on the technical solution of the utility model and its utility model concept should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. An industrial wastewater defluorination device, characterized in that It includes a primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1), a secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (2), a stirring clarifier (3), an ion exchange tank (4) and a clear water tank (5) connected in sequence. A detachable filtering mechanism is provided on the ion exchange tank (4), an adsorption layer is arranged in the detachable filtering mechanism, a sludge discharge pipe (21) is provided on the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (2), a return sludge pump (22) is provided on the sludge discharge pipe (21), a return sludge pipe (23) is provided at the outlet of the return sludge pump (22), and the return sludge pipe (23) is connected to the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1).
2. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that The detachable filtering mechanism includes a sealing cover (41) arranged on the top of the ion exchange tank (4), a material holding box (42) is fixedly connected in the middle of the sealing cover (41), the material holding box (42) is arranged between the liquid inlet of the ion exchange tank (4) and the liquid outlet of the ion exchange tank (4), a material loading port (421) is arranged at one end of the material holding box (42) far from the sealing cover (41), a cover plate (43) is connected to the material loading port (421), and the side surface of the material holding box (42) is provided with porous hollow-outs.
3. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Limit blocks (411) are arranged around the lower surface of the sealing cover (41), clamping grooves (401) engaged with the limit blocks are arranged around the ion exchange tank (4), and the sealing cover (41) and the ion exchange tank (4) are connected by bolts.
4. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a sludge sedimentation tank (6), and the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (2) and the stirring clarifier (3) are respectively connected to the sludge sedimentation tank (6) through sludge pumps.
5. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An inclined tube sedimentator (7) is arranged in the stirring clarifier (3), a sludge collection hopper (301) is formed below the inclined tube sedimentator (7), a sewage discharge pipe (302) is communicated with the sludge collection hopper (301), and the sewage discharge pipe (302) is connected to the sludge sedimentation tank (6).
6. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that Two fixed baffles (11) are respectively arranged on both sides of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1) from top to bottom, the fixed baffles (11) divide the interior of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1) into a coagulation area (111) and a sedimentation area (112), and a first stirring structure with controllable rotation speed is arranged in the coagulation area (111).
7. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An on-line pH meter is arranged in the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1), the pH value of the primary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (1) is greater than or equal to 11, and an on-line fluoride ion detector is arranged in the secondary coagulation sedimentation reaction tank (2).
8. The industrial wastewater defluorination device according to claim 1, wherein, The adsorption layer includes an activated carbon layer and a defluorination resin layer.