Punching die

Abstract

The utility model discloses a punching die which comprises an upper die and a lower die, the lower die is provided with a step-shaped punching female die, and a side pressing block is arranged on one side of the female die. The upper die is provided with a punch and a stripper plate, and the punch is exposed out of the stripper plate in an open state. The punching female die, the side pressing block and the punch are matched, accurate punching of the non-traditional rectangular hole workpiece is achieved, the machining cost of the non-traditional rectangular hole workpiece is reduced, the machining time is shortened, and complexity and labor intensity of manual operation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of punching die equipment, in particular to a punching die. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional mechanical processing field, for parts with specific geometric features, such as rectangular plates with non - traditional rectangular holes where one side of the hole has no female die and the cross - section is cross - shaped with one side of the cross being long and the other short, numerical control milling technology is usually used for processing. Numerical control milling is a high - precision and high - efficiency processing method. Through computer numerical control, a rotating milling cutter is used to cut the workpiece to obtain the required shape and size. However, when processing complex or parts with special geometric features, this technology is often accompanied by high costs and time consumption. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the above problems, reduce the processing cost of non - traditional rectangular hole parts, and shorten the processing time, the utility model provides a punching die.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A punching die includes an upper die and a lower die. The lower die is provided with a stepped punching female die, and a side pressing block is arranged on one side of the female die; the upper die is provided with a punch and a stripper plate. In the open state, the punch exposes the stripper plate.

[0006] Further, the stepped part of the punching female die is arranged at the top of the lower die, and the lower - order part of the punching female die is arranged on the side of the lower die close to the side pressing block.

[0007] Furthermore, the height difference of the steps of the punching female die is equal to the distance from the end point of the vertical plane of the cross - section of the workpiece to the horizontal plane.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper surface of the side pressing block is in contact with the horizontal plane of the workpiece, and the side away from the lower die is connected to the driving mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the side pressing block can be in contact with the vertical plane of the workpiece, and the height of the contact surface between the side pressing block and the vertical plane of the workpiece is equal to the distance from the end point of the vertical plane of the cross - section of the workpiece to the horizontal plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the side pressing block can be in contact with the lower - order

[0011] part of the punching female die, and the surface shapes of the contact surfaces match.

[0012] Furthermore, the width of the punch is equal to the step interval distance of the punching female die. The upper end of the punch is connected with a punch fixing plate, and the fixing back plate is locked above the punch fixing plate with screws.

[0013] Further, the stripper plate is arranged on one side of the punch, a limit screw is arranged on the side of the stripper plate away from the punch, and springs are arranged around the limit screw and at the lower end of the upper die.

[0014] Further, both the upper die and the lower die are arranged on the guide posts, a pressure plate is arranged below the punch fixing plate, and the pressure back plate is locked to the upper surface of the pressure plate with screws.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Through the coordinated action of the precision-designed stepped punching die cavity, punch and side pressing blocks, the utility model realizes the precise adaptation to the cross-shaped section of non-traditional rectangular hole parts. The system adopts advanced die manufacturing technology to ensure the geometric matching between the die cavity and the side pressing blocks, thus effectively preventing the bending or twisting deformation of parts during the punching process. This system shows significant advantages in terms of material utilization rate, production efficiency and operation safety. Compared with traditional CNC milling processing, the utility model greatly reduces the processing cost, shortens the production cycle, and at the same time reduces the dependence on and consumption of high-value cutting tools. By realizing automated and semi-automated stamping production processes, the utility model also reduces the complexity and labor intensity of manual operations, and improves the overall economic efficiency and market competitiveness. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a top view of a punching die before stamping.

[0017] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The sectional node diagram in the A-A direction.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a top view of a punching die after stamping.

[0019] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 The sectional node diagram in the B-B direction.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a partial three-dimensional view of a punching die.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional view of a non-traditional rectangular hole workpiece.

[0022] Figure 7 It is the front view and the sectional view along the C-C direction of a non-traditional rectangular hole workpiece.

[0023] Figure markings: 1: fixed back plate; 2: punch fixing plate; 3: pressing back plate; 4: pressing plate; 5: punch; 6: die fixing block; 7: punching die; 7.1: low-order part of the punching die; 7.2: high-order part of the punching die; 8: stripping plate; 9: upper punching block a; 10: upper punching block b; 11: side clamping block; 12: active mechanism; 12.1: side clamping block fixing block; 12.2: receiving block; 12.3: transmission block; 12.4 active block; 13: workpiece; 13.1: rectangular hole; 13.2: U-shaped plate; 14. waste; 15: waste channel; A: limit screw; B: spring; C: guide column; D: guide sleeve; E: positioning screw a; F: positioning screw b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] The utility model discusses punching a non-traditional rectangular hole workpiece 13, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The cross section of the workpiece 13 is cross-shaped, the vertical surface of the cross section is shorter, and the horizontal surface is longer. The two corners of a long side of the horizontal surface of the cross section of the workpiece 13 are arc-shaped. The long side of the arc is close to the side of the vertical surface of the cross section. There are 14 evenly distributed rectangular holes 13.3. These rectangular holes 13.3 are linearly arranged in groups of two along the long side of the arc. The center distance between each group of rectangular holes 13.3 is consistent. The distance between two rectangular holes 13.3 in a group is the same for each group. There is no concave mold on one side of each rectangular hole 13.3. The short side of the horizontal surface of the cross section of the workpiece 13 is extended with a U-shaped plate 13.4. The U-shaped plate 13.4 is set on the horizontal plane, close to the non-arc long side. The width of the U-shaped plate 13.4 is less than the length of the short side of the horizontal plane. There are two U-shaped plates 13.4, which are set along the center line of the horizontal plane in a centrally symmetrical manner.

[0026] Reference Figure 4A punching die as shown, the die structure includes an upper die and a lower die. Both the upper die and the lower die are arranged on a vertically arranged guide post C. A guide sleeve D is arranged around the connection of the guide post C and the lower die. The guide post C restricts the movement direction of the upper die, so that the upper die can only move in the vertical direction. On the side of the upper die and the lower die close to the punch 5, there is a driving mechanism 12. From the lower die outwards in sequence, the driving mechanism 12 is provided with a side pressing block fixing plate, a receiving block 12.2, a transmission block 12.3 and a driving block 12.4. These components are in contact with each other and work together. The function of the side pressing block fixing plate is to fix the side pressing block 11. The upper surface of the side pressing block fixing plate is flush with the upper surface of the lower die. The receiving block 12.2, as a link in the transmission chain, undertakes the functions of transmitting power and receiving the workpiece 13. Its upper surface is also flush with the upper surface of the lower die, ensuring the stability and synchronism of the entire transmission system. The upper surface of the transmission block 12.3 is slightly higher than the upper surface of the lower die. The driving block 12.4, as the last link of the driving mechanism 12, has a longitudinal section in the shape of a rectangle with the lower left corner cut off. The upper surface of the driving block 12.4 is flush with the upper surface of the upper die.

[0027] Upper die, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, including a punch 5, a punch fixing plate 2, a fixed back plate 1, a blank holding plate 4, a blank holding back plate 3, an upper punch block a9, an upper punch block b10, a limit screw A, a spring B, and a stripper plate 8. The punch 5 is embedded on one side of the upper die close to the driving mechanism 12. The upper end of the punch 5 is fixed by the punch fixing plate 2 to ensure the precise positioning of the punch 5 in the die. The stripper plate 8 is arranged on one side of the punch 5 and contacts the lower end of the punch 5. In the open state, the punch 5 protrudes from the stripper plate 8 by a certain distance and contacts the workpiece 13. The fixed back plate 1 is attached to the upper surface of the punch fixing plate 2 by screws. The fixed back plate 1 serves as the basic structure of the upper die and provides support and guidance for other components. The limit screw A is disposed through between the fixed back plate 1 and the punch fixing plate 2, with its upper end protruding from the fixed back plate 1 and its lower end inserted into the blank holding plate 4. The upper die is arranged at a certain distance below the punch fixing plate 2 and above the blank holding plate 4. The blank holding back plate 3 is attached to the upper surface of the blank holding plate 4 by screws to ensure the stability of the blank holding plate 4 during stamping. The guide post C is arranged below the fixed back plate 1 and penetrates through the punch fixing plate 2, the blank holding plate 4, and the blank holding back plate 3. The guide post C restricts the movement direction of the upper die, enabling the upper die to move only in the vertical direction. The spring B, as an elastic element, is partly arranged below the punch fixing plate 2, between the guide post C and the limit screw A, and partly arranged between the fixed back plate 1 and the blank holding plate 4, surrounding the limit screw A. The upper punch block, as a pressing component of the upper die, is fixed above the fixed back plate 1 and is used to press down the upper die components. The upper punch block is divided into an upper punch block a9 and an upper punch block b10. The upper punch block a9 is arranged on the left side of the limit screw A, and the upper punch block b10 is arranged on the right side of the limit screw A. The positioning screws are divided into a positioning screw aE and a positioning screw bF, which are arranged between the guide post C and the limit screw A and penetrate through the fixed back plate 1, the punch fixing plate 2, the spring B, the blank holding plate 4, the blank holding back plate 3, and the lower die. The upper end protrudes from the punch fixing plate 2, and the lower end is inserted into the die fixed block 6 of the lower die.

[0028] The lower die, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a punching die 7, a die fixing block 6, a guide bushing D, and a side pressing block 11. The punching die 8 is stepped. The stepped part of the punching die 7 is arranged at the top of the lower die, and the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die is arranged on one side of the lower die close to the side pressing block 11. The height difference of the steps of the punching die 7 is equal to the distance from the end point of the vertical plane of the cross section of the workpiece 13 to the horizontal plane, so as to ensure uniform deformation and precise forming of the material during the stamping process. A waste channel 15 is arranged in the middle of the punching die 7. The higher step part 7.2 of the punching die is of a cuboid structure, and a small cuboid extends along the upper surface of the punching die 7 on the side close to the contact surface of the workpiece 13. The lower step part 7.1 of the punching die is also of a cuboid structure, and the cross section is rectangular. One corner of the rectangle close to the side pressing block 11 and the workpiece 13 is arc-shaped to match the geometric features of the side pressing block 11. The width of the higher step part 7.2 of the punching die is greater than the shortest distance from the long side of the arc of the workpiece 13 to the rectangular hole 13.3, and the width of the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die is greater than the width of the vertical surface of the workpiece 13. The height difference of the steps of the punching die 7 is equal to the distance from the end point of the vertical plane of the cross section of the workpiece 13 to the horizontal plane. This design of the height difference is to adapt to the special cross-sectional shape of the workpiece 13. The inner bend of the side pressing block 11 is arc-shaped, and the shape and size of the arc are the same as those of the arc of the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die, ensuring the tight fit between the side pressing block 11 and the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die. The upper surface of the side pressing block 11 is in contact with the vertical surface of the workpiece 13, and the side away from the lower die is connected to the side pressing block fixing plate of the driving mechanism 12, forming a stable support structure. The side pressing block 11 is located in contact with the vertical surface of the workpiece 13 at the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die. The height of the contact surface between the side pressing block 11 and the vertical surface of the workpiece 13 is equal to the distance from the end point of the vertical plane of the cross section of the workpiece 13 to the horizontal plane, ensuring uniform pressing of the side pressing block 11 on the workpiece 13. The lower part of the contact surface between the side pressing block 11 and the workpiece 13 is in contact with the lower step part 7.1 of the punching die, and the surface shapes of the contact surfaces match. One side of the higher step part 7.2 of the punching die is connected to the die fixing block 6, which is used to fix the punching die 7 and ensure its stability during the stamping process. The guide post C wraps the guide bushing D and penetrates through the die fixing block 6, and a small part of the lower part of the guide post C extends out of the lower die.

[0029] The working process of a punching die.

[0030] (1) Preparation stage before stamping, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2: Before stamping, the upper die is suspended directly above the lower die through the synergistic effect of the limit screw A and the spring B. This design utilizes the elastic properties of the spring B to provide the upper die with necessary support and cushioning, while the limit screw A ensures the stability of the upper die in an unstressed state. In order to achieve precise guidance of the upper die and limit its movement direction, the utility model adopts vertically arranged guide posts C and guide sleeves D. The coordinated use of guide posts C and guide sleeves D ensures that the upper die can only move in the vertical direction. This vertical guide system not only improves the convenience of operation, but also reduces installation errors and ensures precise alignment during the stamping process. Precise positioning of the workpiece 13 is crucial to ensuring the quality of stamping. When placing the workpiece 13, the operator needs to ensure that the lower end of the punch 5 is in light contact with the upper end of the workpiece 13. This is to perform precise position correction and preliminary clamping before the start of stamping, which is the key to achieving uniform stamping and avoiding material deformation. The vertical surface of the workpiece 13 is placed on the low-order part 7.1 of the punching die, one end of the horizontal surface is placed on the high-order part 7.2 of the punching die, and the other end is placed on the side clamping block 11, the side clamping block fixing plate and the receiving block 12.2. At this point, the preparations before stamping are completed.

[0031] (ii) Press and position the workpiece 13, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 : After the workpiece 13 is placed, the operator presses the punch switch, and the movement of the slider on the machine tool drives the active block 12.4 to move. The active block 12.4 moves first. When the active block 12.4 moves and touches the transmission block 12.3, it transmits force to the transmission block 12.3, forcing the transmission block 12.3 to move and squeeze in the direction of the mold. The movement of the transmission block 12.3 further acts on the receiving block 12.2, and the force is transmitted to the side clamping block fixing block 12.1 through the receiving block 12.2. The side clamping block fixing block 12.1 acts as a force intermediary, and evenly transmits the force to the side clamping block 11, thereby achieving stable clamping of the workpiece 13. The lower part of the side clamping block 11 contacts the low-order part 7.1 of the punching die, and the upper part contacts the vertical surface of the workpiece 13, thereby clamping the workpiece 13. This step is crucial because it can effectively prevent the workpiece 13 from being deformed due to punching. At this time, one side of the vertical surface of the workpiece 13 contacts the punch 5, and the other side of the vertical surface is clamped by the side clamping block 11. The punch 5 and the side clamping block 11 are on both sides of the horizontal plane of the workpiece 13, forming a symmetrical stamping layout. This layout not only helps to maintain the geometric accuracy of the workpiece 13, but also reduces the lateral force during the stamping process by evenly distributing the stamping force, thereby avoiding twisting or bending of the workpiece 13.

[0032] (III) Stamping workpiece 13, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4: After the side pressing block 11 presses the workpiece 13, the upper punching block a9 and the upper punching block b10, as the driving elements during the stamping process, contact the fixed back plate 1 and cooperate to push the fixed back plate 1 downward. The downward movement of the fixed back plate 1 further pushes the punch fixing plate 2. The punch fixing plate 2 bears the punch 5, and the punch fixing plate 2 pushes the compression spring B. These springs B play a role of buffering and rebounding during this process, ensuring that the punch 5 can press downward smoothly and powerfully. The pressure plate 4 and the pressure back plate 3 move downward to first press the workpiece 13, and then the punch 5 moves downward to punch the workpiece 13, squeezing and breaking the corresponding shaped part to generate a rectangular hole 13.3. During this process, one side of the vertical surface of the workpiece 13 contacts the punch 5, and the other side of the vertical surface is pressed by the side pressing block 11. The stamping layout of the punch 5 and the side pressing block 11 on both sides of the horizontal plane of the workpiece 13 remains unchanged all the time, providing a uniform punching force for the workpiece 13 and effectively avoiding deformation caused by local stress concentration. Through this precise mechanical layout and uniform transmission of force, the workpiece 13 is squeezed and broken to form the required rectangular hole 13.3, while maximizing the avoidance of deformation caused by punching. The entire stamping process is a continuous and coordinated sequence of mechanical actions. The precise cooperation of each component and the accurate execution of each action jointly ensure the quality and consistency of the stamped workpiece 13.

[0033] (4) After punching out the rectangular hole 13.3, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 : After the punch 5 punches out the rectangular hole 13.3, the punching operation of the workpiece 13 is completed. When the slider on the machine tool reaches the bottom dead center, the upper die performs a reverse movement, and the fixed back plate 1 moves upward synchronously, thereby pulling the punch fixing plate 2 and the punch 5 thereon to move upward together, ensuring that the punch 5 can smoothly disengage from the stamped workpiece 13 and completing one unloading operation. During this process, the waste 14 is discharged through the waste channel 15, and one stamping cycle is completed.

[0034] Technical requirements for the stamping die, such as Figure 5 .

[0035] 1. Each part is firmly installed and accurately positioned. All parts of the die must be installed through a high-precision positioning system to ensure firmness even under high pressure and repeated use. In addition, the clearance between parts needs to be strictly controlled within the design tolerance range to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the die during high-speed stamping.

[0036] 2. Each working part is properly matched and moves reliably. The working parts of the die, such as the punch 5, the guide post C, the guide sleeve D, etc., need to be precisely machined and strictly quality inspected to ensure proper matching and smooth movement between them. This not only relates to the forming quality of the stamped parts but also is the key to ensuring the long-term stable operation of the die.

[0037] 3. Regular maintenance. To maintain the best working condition of the mold, regular maintenance and upkeep are essential. This includes cleaning the mold surface, inspecting and replacing worn parts, and making necessary adjustments and calibrations to the mold. The maintenance plan should be formulated based on the usage frequency and working conditions of the mold to ensure the long-term stable operation of the mold.

[0038] 4. Efficiency of the lubrication system. The mold should be equipped with an advanced lubrication system to reduce friction and wear and extend the service life of the mold.

[0039] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A punching die, comprising an upper die and a lower die, characterized in that: The lower die is provided with a stepped punching female die, and a side pressing block is arranged on one side of the lower-order part of the female die; The upper die is provided with a punch and a stripper plate, and the punch located above the punching female die exposes the stripper plate; The punch presses one side of the vertical surface of the workpiece, and the side pressing block presses the other side of the vertical surface of the workpiece.

2. The punching die according to claim 1, wherein, The stepped part of the punching female die is arranged on the top of the lower die, and the lower-order part of the punching female die is arranged on one side of the lower die close to the side pressing block.

3. A punching die according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The height difference of the steps of the punching female die is equal to the distance from the vertical surface end point of the cross section of the workpiece to the horizontal plane.

4. A punching die according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper surface of the side pressing block is in contact with the horizontal surface of the workpiece, and the side away from the lower die is connected to the driving mechanism.

5. The punching die according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side pressing block can be in contact with the vertical surface of the workpiece, and the height of the contact surface between the side pressing block and the vertical surface of the workpiece is equal to the distance from the vertical surface end point of the cross section of the workpiece to the horizontal plane.

6. A punching die according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, characterized in that, The side pressing block can be in contact with the lower-order part of the punching female die, and the surface shapes of the contact surfaces match.

7. An impact die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the punch is equal to the step interval distance of the punching female die, the upper end of the punch is connected with a punch fixing plate, and the fixing back plate is locked above the punch fixing plate with screws.

8. A punching die according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stripper plate is arranged on one side of the punch, a limit screw is arranged on the side of the stripper plate away from the punch, and springs are arranged around the limit screw and at the lower end of the upper die.

9. A punching die according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that, Both the upper die and the lower die are arranged on the guide posts, a pressure plate is arranged below the punch fixing plate, and the pressure back plate is locked on the upper surface of the pressure plate with screws.

Images