Waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding, which relates to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and comprises an antenna plate assembly formed by welding a first antenna plate and a second antenna plate, the second antenna plate is correspondingly provided with a welding boss and a second boss which are spaced from each other. A waveguide cavity matching gap is arranged between the first boss and the second boss. According to the utility model, the high-performance connection of the antenna plate assembly is realized, and an efficient and reliable antenna solution is provided for the millimeter wave radar.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and more specifically, it relates to a waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding. Background Art

[0002] With the development of intelligent driving technology, vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars have rapidly shifted from traditional 3D radars to 4D imaging radars, and the performance requirements for antennas have also increased accordingly. Currently, most radar antennas are made on PCBs. Due to the limitation of product size, it is difficult to further increase the size, number of channels, and feeder length of the antennas, and it has been difficult to meet the requirements of long-distance detection of 4D radars. Therefore, waveguide antennas are gradually introduced in the industry to replace traditional antennas, which can greatly improve the detection performance of the radar itself.

[0003] To meet the requirements of low cost, lightweight, and mass production, a general waveguide antenna structure is formed by connecting multiple antenna plates to form a shielded waveguide cavity. Each antenna plate is formed by plastic molding and its surface is covered with a metal coating; common connection methods for waveguide antenna plates include SMT, vibration friction welding, screw locking, and laser welding, etc.; SMT has a high temperature, which will aggravate board warping, resulting in uneven tin filling thickness and forming gaps, thus affecting antenna performance; in vibration friction welding, due to the metal coating on the surface of the antenna plate, there are problems such as poor welding strength, large residual stress, and poor cleanliness; the screw locking method has low manufacturing efficiency, large structural space occupation, and poor cleanliness; laser welding requires the use of special laser-transmitting materials. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model: Solve the problems of unreliable connection, poor shielding stability, poor cleanliness, and high use cost in the connection of waveguide antenna plates.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model provides a waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding, including an antenna plate assembly formed by welding a first antenna plate and a second antenna plate. The first antenna plate is provided with welding ribs and first bosses spaced apart from each other, and the second antenna plate is correspondingly provided with welding bosses and second bosses spaced apart from each other. A waveguide cavity matching gap is provided between the first boss and the second boss.

[0006] Preferably, both the first antenna plate and the second antenna plate are made of plastic materials.

[0007] Preferably, the surface of the first antenna plate except for the welding ribs is covered with a metal coating, and the surface of the second antenna plate except for the welding bosses is covered with a metal coating.

[0008] Preferably, the first boss and the second boss are matched to form a shielded waveguide cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the first antenna board and the second antenna board can be respectively installed in the upper mold and the lower mold.

[0010] Preferably, the welding ribs and the welding bosses are welded to form a welding melt.

[0011] Preferably, the welding melt is round and clean.

[0012] In summary, the utility model includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0013] 1. By removing the coating, a reliable connection between waveguide antenna boards is achieved by using the vibration friction welding process;

[0014] 2. By separating the welding ribs of the antenna board from the shielded waveguide cavity, the shielding stability of the waveguide cavity is achieved;

[0015] 3. By using the vibration friction welding process with infrared preheating, a higher cleanliness is achieved;

[0016] 4. Compared with laser welding, the material limitation for the waveguide antenna board is smaller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the waveguide antenna board structure of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection and matching of the waveguide antenna board structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the connection and matching of the waveguide antenna board structure of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the infrared preheating and welding vibration directions of the waveguide antenna board of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view after welding of the waveguide antenna board of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the matching gap of the waveguide cavity of the utility model.

[0023] Reference numerals: 100, first antenna board; 110, welding ribs; 111, welding rib surface; 120, first boss; 121, first boss surface; 200, second antenna board; 210, welding boss; 211, welding boss surface; 220, second boss; 221, second boss surface; 300, upper mold; 400, lower mold; 500, infrared preheating device; 600, antenna board assembly; 610, welding melt; 620, waveguide cavity matching gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] As Figures 1-3 , a waveguide antenna connection structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding is composed of a first antenna board 100 and a second antenna board 200. Both antenna boards are made of plastic material and their surfaces are covered with a metal coating. The connection is achieved by friction welding between the welding ribs 110 and the welding bosses 210. After welding, the first boss 120 and the second boss 220 are matched to form a shielded waveguide cavity, and the metal coating on the wall surface of the waveguide cavity prevents electromagnetic wave leakage. Before welding, the metal coatings on the welding rib surface 111 and the welding boss surface 211 need to be removed by laser ablation to avoid the coating affecting the welding quality.

[0026] As Figures 4-6 , during welding, the first antenna board 100 and the second antenna board 200 are respectively installed in the upper mold 300 and the lower mold 400. First, the welding ribs 110 and the welding bosses 210 are heated and softened by the infrared preheating device 500 to avoid the generation of debris, irregular flash, and burrs caused by cold-state hard friction. Then, the upper mold 300 and the lower mold 400 are closed for vibration friction welding. The relative positions of the first antenna board 100 and the second antenna board 200 are controlled by closing the mold to ensure the welding depth and part positioning between the antenna boards. After welding, an antenna board assembly 600 is formed. The welding melt 610 is round and clean without flash and burrs, ensuring cleanliness. A waveguide cavity matching gap 620 is reserved between the first boss surface 121 and the second boss surface 221, mainly to absorb the tolerance of the welding depth and avoid frictional contact between the two boss surfaces during welding, which may damage the metal coating and cause electromagnetic wave leakage. The size of this gap is controlled within the range allowed by the antenna design.

[0027] Specifically, the structure of the present utility model is composed of two antenna plates, namely the first antenna plate 100 and the second antenna plate 200, which are connected through a precision welding process to form an antenna plate assembly 600. Both the first antenna plate 100 and the second antenna plate 200 are made of plastic materials, and their surfaces except for the welding ribs 110 and the welding bosses 210 are covered with metal coatings to ensure electromagnetic compatibility and signal transmission efficiency. The first antenna plate 100 is provided with a plurality of spaced welding ribs 110 and first bosses 120, while the second antenna plate 200 is correspondingly provided with spaced welding bosses 210 and second bosses 220. These bosses can form a shielding waveguide cavity, and the metal coating on its inner wall helps prevent the leakage of electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the performance of the antenna. The waveguide cavity matching gap 620 is located between the first boss 120 and the second boss 220. This design allows the effective absorption of the depth tolerance during the welding process, while avoiding direct contact between the bosses, reducing the risk of wear of the metal coating and electromagnetic wave leakage.

[0028] During the welding process, the first antenna plate 100 and the second antenna plate 200 are respectively installed in the upper mold 300 and the lower mold 400. The welding ribs 110 and the welding bosses 210 are connected through vibration friction welding technology. This technology first uses an infrared preheating device 500 to preheat the welding ribs 110 and the welding bosses 210 to soften the materials and reduce the generation of debris and burrs during the welding process. Subsequently, the upper mold 300 and the lower mold 400 are closed for vibration friction welding, precisely controlling the welding depth and part positioning between the antenna plates to ensure that the welding melt 610 is round and clean, without flash and burrs, thus ensuring the cleanliness and welding quality of the welded assembly. Before welding, it is necessary to use laser technology to remove the metal coatings on the welding rib surface 111 and the welding boss surface 211 to avoid adverse effects of the coatings on the welding quality. Through this innovative welding process, the present utility model not only ensures a reliable connection between the antenna plates, but also improves the shielding stability of the waveguide cavity and achieves a high cleanliness of the welded assembly.

[0029] The waveguide antenna structure described in the present utility model realizes a high-performance connection of the antenna plate assembly 600 through the adoption of infrared preheating vibration friction welding technology and fine control of the welding process, providing an efficient and reliable antenna solution for millimeter-wave radars.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding, characterized in that, It includes an antenna board assembly (600) formed by welding a first antenna board (100) and a second antenna board (200). The first antenna board (100) is provided with spaced solder ribs (110) and a first boss (120). The second antenna board (200) is correspondingly provided with spaced welding bosses (210) and a second boss (220). A waveguide cavity matching gap (620) is provided between the first boss (120) and the second boss (220).

2. The waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first antenna board (100) and the second antenna board (200) are made of plastic materials.

3. The waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the first antenna board (100) except for the solder ribs (110) is covered with a metal coating. The surface of the second antenna board (200) except for the welding bosses (210) is covered with a metal coating.

4. A waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first boss (120) and the second boss (220) are matched to form a shielded waveguide cavity.

5. A waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna board (100) and the second antenna board (200) can be respectively installed into an upper mold (300) and a lower mold (400).

6. The waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 5, characterized in that, The solder ribs (110) and the welding bosses (210) are welded to form a welding melt (610).

7. The waveguide antenna structure based on infrared preheating vibration friction welding according to claim 6, characterized in that, The welding melt (610) is round and clean.

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