Fan mooring system capable of adjusting mooring tension

Abstract

The utility model relates to a draught fan mooring system capable of adjusting mooring tension, which comprises a draught fan, a floating type foundation, a plurality of mooring cables and a plurality of anchoring parts, the draught fan is arranged on the floating type foundation, a plurality of idler wheels are arranged on the floating type foundation, one end of each mooring cable is connected with one anchoring part, the other end of each mooring cable penetrates through the floating type foundation to be connected with the other anchoring part, and the other end of each mooring cable is connected with the other anchoring part. The mooring line abuts against the circumferential face of the roller. Compared with the prior art, when the draught fan is subjected to external force, the floating foundation can drive the draught fan to move towards the wind direction along the mooring cables, so that the lengths of the mooring cables on the two sides of the floating foundation are different, then the mooring tension of the mooring cables on the two sides of the floating foundation is adjusted, and the mooring tension of the mooring cables under the external force is effectively reduced; and the length of the standby mooring rope required for coping with external force is reduced, so that the cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mooring technology for offshore floating wind turbines, and particularly relates to a mooring system for a wind turbine with adjustable mooring tension. Background Technique

[0002] With the development of offshore wind power engineering technology, offshore wind power generation has gradually shown good economic benefits. All important ocean countries in the world have increased their investment in the offshore wind power industry and carried out a large number of offshore wind power developments. At present, the nearshore wind farms have been relatively fully developed, and the development of deep-sea wind power in the future will become the key work for offshore wind power development in various countries. Due to the limitations of engineering technology, the current cost of deep-sea wind power development is still relatively high and cannot meet the needs of commercial development. Therefore, finding a more optimized floating wind turbine solution is the current hot research direction in the international offshore wind power industry.

[0003] The mooring system of an offshore floating wind turbine generally consists of a wind turbine, a floating foundation and a mooring structure. Under the action of wind, water flow and waves, the floating foundation will generate certain movements, and it is necessary to fix it in a certain operation area through the mooring system so as not to be carried away by the wind, waves and currents. At present, most offshore floating wind turbines adopt a mooring structure of distributed multi-point mooring, including a pure anchor chain catenary mooring or a tension mooring composed of wire ropes or polyester cables. No matter which mooring method is selected, it faces the problem of high cost. On the one hand, the tension of the mooring cable is large. As the floating wind turbine gradually moves towards the deep sea, with the increase of water depth and the deterioration of ocean environmental conditions, the tension borne by the mooring cable will increase sharply, so the size level of the mooring cable will increase exponentially. On the other hand, the total length of the mooring cable is large and the utilization rate is low. For a floating wind turbine with multi-point mooring, only some of the mooring cables on the side facing the direction of the wind, wave and current load act, and the mooring cables on the side facing away from the direction of the wind, wave and current load do not act, which results in a low actual utilization rate of the mooring cables in the multi-point mooring system of the floating wind turbine. The main reason why the current floating wind turbine cannot form a commercial project is the high cost. Therefore, how to effectively solve the problem of high cost of the mooring system is the key to realizing the mass production of floating wind turbines.

[0004] The currently common solutions are constant-tension winches or constant-tension devices, which can ensure that the floating wind turbine still has a relatively small mooring force under the action of harsh environmental conditions. The principle of action is that as the environmental conditions change and the environmental forces such as wind, wave, and current increase or decrease, the winch and other devices are used to loosen and tighten the mooring cable, thereby realizing the function of constant tension and ensuring the safe operation of the floating wind turbine at sea. However, the costs and installation costs of constant-tension winches or constant-tension devices are often relatively high, and the overall structure is relatively complex and cumbersome. Moreover, the existing constant-tension winches or devices cannot solve the problems of relatively low actual utilization rate and relatively large total length of the mooring cables of the mooring system. Instead, it is necessary to reserve an additional length of mooring cable in the winch, resulting in an increase in the total length of the mooring cable and an increase in costs. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a mooring system for a wind turbine with adjustable mooring tension, which reduces the mooring tension under the action of wind, wave, and current and reduces the required length of the mooring cable.

[0006] The purpose of the present utility model can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A mooring system for a wind turbine with adjustable mooring tension includes a wind turbine, a floating foundation, a plurality of mooring cables, and a plurality of anchor fittings. The wind turbine is arranged on the floating foundation. A plurality of rollers are arranged on the floating foundation. One end of the mooring cable is connected to one of the anchor fittings, and the other end of the mooring cable passes through the floating foundation and is connected to another anchor fitting. The mooring cable abuts against the circumferential surface of the roller.

[0008] In one embodiment, a plurality of cable locking members are arranged on the floating foundation. The mooring cable passes through the cable locking members. The cable locking members have a locking state and a relaxed state. When the cable locking members are in the locking state, the mooring cable is relatively stationary with respect to the floating foundation. When the cable locking members are in the relaxed state, the mooring cable can move relative to the floating foundation.

[0009] In one embodiment, two tension monitors are arranged on each mooring cable. The two tension monitors are respectively located on both sides of the cable locking member and are used to detect the mooring tensions of the mooring cable on both sides of the cable locking member.

[0010] In one embodiment, the mooring system includes a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the cable locking member and the tension monitor respectively and is used to control the state of the cable locking member according to the detection results of the tension monitor.

[0011] In one embodiment, a sealed cabin is provided on the floating foundation, and both the cable locking member and the tension monitor are located inside the sealed cabin, and the mooring cable passes through the sealed cabin.

[0012] In one embodiment, the center of the sealed cabin is located on the central axis of the floating foundation.

[0013] In one embodiment, two cable locking members are provided on each mooring cable, and the two cable locking members are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the sealed cabin.

[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of rollers are distributed on a circumference centered on the horizontal center of the floating foundation, and each mooring cable passes through two rollers, and the two rollers are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the circle.

[0015] In one embodiment, there are 3 mooring cables, and the included angle between two adjacent mooring cables is 60°.

[0016] In one embodiment, the floating foundation includes a column-type platform and a semi-submersible platform.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The wind turbine mooring system sets the wind turbine on the floating foundation and connects the floating foundation and the anchor through the mooring cable to fix the wind turbine within a certain operation area without being carried away by wind, waves and currents; since rollers are provided on the floating foundation and the mooring cable passes through the rollers and is connected to two anchorages, when the wind turbine is subjected to an external force, the floating foundation can drive the wind turbine to move along the mooring cable against the wind direction, making the lengths of the mooring cables on both sides of the floating foundation different, thereby adjusting the mooring tensions of the mooring cables on both sides of the floating foundation, effectively reducing the mooring tensions of the mooring cables under the action of external forces, reducing the length of the spare mooring cables required to cope with external forces, and thus reducing costs.

[0019] 2. A cable locking member is provided on the floating foundation, and the cable locking member has a locking state and a relaxation state. When the action of wind and waves is small, the cable locking member can be adjusted to the locking state, at this time the floating foundation cannot move along the mooring cable, which is used to ensure the stability of the wind turbine. When the action of wind and waves is large, the cable locking member can be adjusted to the relaxation state, and the floating foundation can move along the mooring cable to adjust the mooring tensions of the mooring cables on both sides of the floating foundation. Therefore, the cable locking member can adjust the mooring tensions of the mooring cables on the premise of ensuring the stability of the wind turbine.

[0020] 3. Further, a tension monitor is provided on the mooring cable and cooperates with the cable locking member. Therefore, the operator can not only adjust the state of the cable locking member according to the wind and wave forces, but also adjust the state of the cable locking member according to the mooring tension monitored by the tension monitor. That is, when the mooring tension exceeds the bearing capacity of the cable locking member, the state of the cable locking member is adjusted again, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of adjusting the cable locking member and ensuring the stability of the floating foundation.

[0021] 4. A sealed cabin is provided on the floating foundation for connecting the mooring cable to the floating foundation, thereby restricting the movement paths of the floating foundation and the mooring cable, and achieving the waterproof sealing of the cable locking member and the tension monitor, effectively extending the service life of the cable locking member and the tension monitor, and improving the stability of the movement of the floating foundation.

[0022] 5. Three mooring cables are evenly distributed along the circle with the horizontal center of the floating foundation as the center. Therefore, when the floating foundation is subjected to wind and wave forces in different directions, it can move along the mooring cable, thereby realizing the adjustment of the mooring tension in different directions. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a top view of the wind turbine mooring system in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional view of the wind turbine mooring system of a single-column platform in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional view of the wind turbine mooring system of a multi-column semi-submersible platform in another embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating foundation in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a side view of the wind turbine mooring system (taking a group of mooring cables as an example) in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a side view of the wind turbine mooring system (taking a group of mooring cables as an example) in another embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] Reference Numerals: 100, wind turbine mooring system; 10, wind turbine; 20, floating foundation; 21, cable locking member; 22, tension monitor; 23, roller; 30, mooring cable; 40, anchor; 50, sealed cabin. Detailed Embodiment

[0030] The present utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present utility model, and the detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0031] A wind turbine mooring system 100 with adjustable mooring tension will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in one embodiment, a wind turbine mooring system 100 with adjustable mooring tension is provided, which includes a wind turbine 10, a floating foundation 20, a plurality of mooring cables 30 and a plurality of anchor fittings 40. The wind turbine 10 is arranged on the floating foundation 20. A plurality of rollers 23 are provided on the floating foundation 20. One end of the mooring cable 30 is connected to an anchor fitting 40, and the other end of the mooring cable 30 passes through the floating foundation 20 and is connected to another anchor fitting 40. The mooring cable 30 abuts against the circumferential surface of the roller 23.

[0033] This wind turbine mooring system 100 arranges the wind turbine 10 on the floating foundation 20 and connects the floating foundation 20 and the anchor fittings 40 through the mooring cables 30, realizing the fixation of the wind turbine 10 within a certain operation area without being carried away by wind, waves and currents; since the floating foundation 20 is provided with rollers 23 and the mooring cables 30 pass through the rollers 23 and are connected to the two anchor fittings 40, when the wind turbine 10 is subjected to an external force, the floating foundation 20 can drive the wind turbine 10 to move along the mooring cable 30 against the wind direction, making the lengths of the mooring cables 30 on both sides of the floating foundation 20 different, thereby adjusting the mooring tensions of the mooring cables 30 on both sides of the floating foundation 20, effectively reducing the mooring tensions of the mooring cables 30 under the action of external forces, reducing the length of the spare mooring cables 30 required to cope with external forces, and thus reducing costs.

[0034] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, in this specific embodiment, the floating foundation 20 includes a single-column platform and a multi-column semi-submersible platform. The center of gravity of the single-column platform is designed much lower than the center of buoyancy. When the platform tilts, a restoring couple is formed between the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy to resist the tilting movement of the platform; at the same time, the smaller waterplane design can reduce the heaving motion of the platform. When the wind turbine 10 tilts, the multi-column semi-submersible platform can generate a large waterplane change through the distributed buoy structure, thereby generating a restoring moment to resist the tilting movement of the platform. The applicable water depth is usually greater than 40m, and the applicable water depth range is relatively wide. The movements of the platform in all directions are moderate, but it is more sensitive to the second-order force of low-frequency waves.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment, a plurality of cable locking members 21 are provided on the floating foundation 20. The mooring cable 30 passes through the cable locking members 21. The cable locking members 21 have a locking state and a relaxed state. When the cable locking members 21 are in the locking state, the mooring cable 30 is relatively stationary with respect to the floating foundation 20. When the cable locking members 21 are in the relaxed state, the mooring cable 30 and the floating foundation 20 can move relative to each other.

[0036] Cable locking members 21 are provided on the floating foundation 20. The cable locking members 21 have a locking state and a relaxed state. When the action of wind and waves is not significant, the cable locking members 21 can be adjusted to be in the locking state. At this time, the floating foundation 20 cannot move along the mooring cable 30, which is used to ensure the stability of the wind turbine 10. When the action of wind and waves is large, the cable locking members 21 can be adjusted to be in the relaxed state, and the floating foundation 20 can move along the mooring cable 30 to adjust the mooring tension on the mooring cables 30 on both sides of the floating foundation 20. Therefore, the cable locking members 21 can adjust the mooring tension of the mooring cable 30 on the basis of ensuring the stability of the wind turbine 10.

[0037] Furthermore, as Figure 4 shown, in one embodiment, two tension monitors 22 are provided on each mooring cable 30. The two tension monitors 22 are respectively located on both sides of the cable locking member 21 and are used to detect the mooring tension of the mooring cable 30 on both sides of the cable locking member 21. The tension monitors 22 are provided on the mooring cable 30 to cooperate with the cable locking members 21. Therefore, the operator can not only adjust the state of the cable locking members 21 according to the action of wind and waves, but also adjust the state of the cable locking members 21 according to the mooring tension detected by the tension monitors 22. That is, when the mooring tension exceeds the bearing capacity of the cable locking members 21, the state of the cable locking members 21 is adjusted, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of adjusting the cable locking members 21 and ensuring the stability of the floating foundation 20.

[0038] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the mooring system includes a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the cable locking members 21 and the tension monitors 22 respectively and is used to control the state of the cable locking members 21 according to the detection results of the tension monitors 22. By setting the controller to connect the tension monitors 22 and the cable locking members 21 in the wind turbine mooring system 100 and setting control conditions and control programs for the controller, automatic control of the cable locking members 21 can be realized according to the detection results of the tension monitors 22, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the floating foundation 20 and extending the service life of the mooring cable 30.

[0039] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the control method of the controller is as follows:

[0040] Preset the tension critical value of the mooring cable 30;

[0041] When the absolute difference between the detection results of the two tension monitors 22 is greater than or equal to the tension critical value, the cable locking member 21 is controlled to be in a relaxed state;

[0042] When the absolute difference between the detection results of the two tension monitors 22 is less than the tension critical value, the cable locking member 21 is controlled to be in a locked state.

[0043] Further, as Figure 4 shown, in an embodiment, a sealed cabin 50 is provided on the floating foundation 20. The cable locking member 21 and the tension monitor 22 are both located in the sealed cabin 50, and the mooring cable 30 passes through the sealed cabin 50.

[0044] Among them, in an embodiment, the center of the sealed cabin 50 is located on the central axis of the floating foundation 20. A sealed cabin 50 is provided on the floating foundation 20 for connecting the mooring cable 30 to the floating foundation 20, thereby restricting the movement paths of the floating foundation 20 and the mooring cable 30, and achieving the waterproof sealing of the cable locking member 21 and the tension monitor 22, effectively extending the service lives of the cable locking member 21 and the tension monitor 22, and improving the stability of the movement of the floating foundation 20.

[0045] In this specific embodiment, two cable locking members 21 are provided on each mooring cable 30, and the two cable locking members 21 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the sealed cabin 50.

[0046] Further, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, in an embodiment, a plurality of rollers 23 are distributed on a circumference centered on the horizontal center of the floating foundation 20. Each mooring cable 30 passes through two rollers 23, and the two rollers 23 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the circle.

[0047] Among them, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in an embodiment, there are 3 mooring cables 30, and the included angle between two adjacent mooring cables 30 is 60°. The 3 mooring cables 30 are evenly distributed along a circle centered on the horizontal center of the floating foundation 20. Therefore, when the floating foundation 20 is subjected to wind and wave forces in different directions, it can move along the mooring cable 30, thereby realizing the adjustment of the mooring tension in different directions.

[0048] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation on the present utility model.

[0049] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0050] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms such as "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0051] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0052] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes and do not represent the only implementation.

[0053] The preferred specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those of ordinary skill in the art can make many modifications and variations based on the concept of the present utility model without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art in the technical field according to the concept of the present utility model through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the protection scope determined by the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system, characterized in that, It includes a wind turbine (10), a floating foundation (20), a plurality of mooring cables (30) and a plurality of anchors (40). The wind turbine (10) is provided on the floating foundation (20). A plurality of rollers (23) are provided on the floating foundation (20). One end of the mooring cable (30) is connected to one of the anchors (40), and the other end of the mooring cable (30) passes through the floating foundation (20) and is connected to another anchor (40). The mooring cable (30) abuts against the circumferential surface of the roller (23).

2. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of cable locking members (21) are provided on the floating foundation (20). The mooring cable (30) passes through the cable locking members (21). The cable locking members (21) have a locking state and a relaxed state. When the cable locking members (21) are in the locking state, the mooring cable (30) is relatively stationary with respect to the floating foundation (20). When the cable locking members (21) are in the relaxed state, the mooring cable (30) can move relative to the floating foundation (20).

3. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two tension monitors (22) are provided on each mooring cable (30). The two tension monitors (22) are respectively located on both sides of the cable locking member (21) and are used to detect the mooring tensions of the mooring cable (30) on both sides of the cable locking member (21).

4. An adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mooring system includes a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the cable locking member (21) and the tension monitor (22) respectively and is used to control the state of the cable locking member (21) according to the detection results of the tension monitor (22).

5. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 3, characterized in that A sealed cabin (50) is provided on the floating foundation (20). The cable locking member (21) and the tension monitor (22) are both located in the sealed cabin (50). The mooring cable (30) passes through the sealed cabin (50).

6. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The center of the sealed cabin (50) is located on the central axis of the floating foundation (20).

7. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two cable locking members (21) are provided on each mooring cable (30). The two cable locking members (21) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the sealed cabin (50).

8. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of rollers (23) are distributed on a circumference centered on the horizontal center of the floating foundation (20). Each mooring cable (30) passes through two rollers (23). The two rollers (23) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the circle.

9. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, There are 3 mooring cables (30), and the included angle between adjacent two mooring cables (30) is 60°.

10. The adjustable mooring tension wind turbine mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating foundation includes a column-type platform and a semi-submersible platform.

Images