Liquid cooling plate and power battery thermal management system
The liquid cooling plate with axially symmetric leaf-shaped fins addresses the inefficiencies in existing designs by improving heat exchange area and flow directionality, resulting in enhanced thermal conductivity and uniformity for lithium-ion battery systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422183614.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-05
AI Technical Summary
The heat dissipation efficiency of existing liquid cooling plates is difficult to meet the needs of increased energy density of lithium-ion batteries.
A plurality of axisymmetric blade-shaped heat sinks distributed in multiple rows and columns along the length and width direction of the liquid channel are arranged in the liquid channel of the liquid cooling plate to increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the heat sink, and optimize the flow path through the shape design of the heat sink to improve heat exchange efficiency.
The heat dissipation efficiency and uniformity of the liquid cooling plate are improved, and a more efficient heat dissipation effect of the battery pack is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223108987U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cooling equipment, and particularly relates to a liquid cooling plate and a power battery thermal management system. Background Art
[0002] The main objective of a power battery thermal management system is to maintain an appropriate working temperature of a new energy vehicle power battery and make the temperature between battery cells more evenly distributed. Generally, a battery thermal management system mainly includes an internal battery thermal management system and an external battery thermal management system. The external battery thermal management system mainly uses means such as convection to remove heat, and can be divided into air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change cooling, heat pipe cooling, etc. according to different cooling media. Among them, liquid cooling is an effective battery thermal management strategy, which mainly absorbs and removes the heat generated by the battery by directly or indirectly contacting the coolant (such as water, ethylene glycol or refrigerant, etc.) with the battery or battery pack. According to the contact method between the cooling medium and the battery, liquid cooling can be further divided into direct contact cooling and indirect contact cooling. In direct contact cooling, the coolant directly contacts the surface of the battery and removes the heat generated by it. Commonly used coolants include water, ethylene glycol and some special refrigerants, etc.; in indirect contact cooling, the liquid does not need to directly contact the battery, and usually the heat generated by the battery is removed through a liquid cooling plate, a jacket or other heat dissipation structures. When using a liquid cooling plate to cool the battery, under the condition of determined cooling conditions, the cooling efficiency mainly depends on the structural design of the liquid cooling channels in the liquid cooling plate. With the continuous improvement of the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, higher requirements are also put forward for the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. Therefore, how to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate has become an urgent technical problem to be solved at present. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The problem solved by the utility model is: how to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate.
[0004] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a liquid cooling plate, which includes a cooling plate body. The cooling plate body includes a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a liquid channel. The liquid inlet, the liquid channel and the liquid outlet are connected in sequence. The cooling plate body has two parallel plate surfaces for enclosing the liquid channel and a first side wall and a second side wall that are oppositely arranged between the two plate surfaces. The arrangement direction of the first side wall and the second side wall is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel. The liquid inlet is located on the first side wall, the liquid outlet is located on the second side wall, the liquid channel is a cuboid, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged in the liquid channel. The plurality of heat dissipation fins are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel in a plane parallel to the plate surface. The heat dissipation fins are in the shape of axially symmetric blades.
[0005] Optionally, the heat sink is parallel to the plate surface, and the thickness of the heat sink is the same as the distance between the two plate surfaces.
[0006] Optionally, the row spacing of the heat sinks shows a decreasing trend along the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel.
[0007] Optionally, multiple heat sinks are distributed in an array of multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel.
[0008] Optionally, the number of the heat sinks is 40, and the 40 heat sinks are distributed in an 8-row and 5-column array.
[0009] Optionally, the heat sink has a major axis and a minor axis that are perpendicular to each other. The heat sink is symmetric about the major axis. The length of the major axis is a, and the length of the minor axis is b. The minor axis divides the heat sink into an upper half and a lower half. The span of the upper half along the major axis direction is 0.25a, and the span of the lower half along the major axis direction is 0.75a. The major axis divides the upper half into a left upper half and a right upper half, and the major axis divides the lower half into a left lower half and a right lower half. Both the left upper half and the right upper half are arc-shaped, and the distance from the center of the circle to the minor axis is c. The ratio of c to b is 1:6. Both the left lower half and the right lower half are arc-shaped, and the distance from the center of the circle to the minor axis is d. The ratio of d to b is 1:3.
[0010] Optionally, the axis of symmetry of the heat sink is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel.
[0011] Optionally, the number of both the liquid inlets and the liquid outlets is two.
[0012] Optionally, the two liquid inlets and the two liquid outlets form two pairs of liquid inlets and outlets. One liquid inlet and one liquid outlet in each pair of liquid inlets and outlets are arranged in alignment.
[0013] The present utility model further provides a power battery thermal management system, including the liquid cooling plate as described above.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the liquid cooling plate provided by the present utility model can increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the heat dissipation fins by arranging a plurality of heat dissipation fins distributed in multiple rows and columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel, so as to make full use of the heat dissipation fins for heat exchange, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. Since the heat dissipation fins are in the shape of blades that are narrow at both ends and wide in the middle and are axisymmetric, furthermore, the two ends of the heat dissipation fins can play a role in flow splitting, the arc-shaped edges on both sides of the heat dissipation fins can play a role in flow guiding, and a flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins, which is beneficial to further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. In addition, the heat dissipation fins distributed in multiple rows and columns also make the flow path of the cooling medium more reasonable, enhance the heat exchange effect, and are beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. In addition, the heat dissipation fins distributed in multiple rows and columns are also more conducive to achieving uniform heat dissipation. In summary, the liquid cooling plate provided by the present utility model has a high heat dissipation efficiency and good heat dissipation uniformity. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of the liquid cooling plate in the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 Structural schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fin in the embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Comparative Example 1;
[0019] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the liquid cooling plate in Comparative Example 2.
[0020] Description of the Reference Numerals:
[0021] 1. Cooling plate body, 11. Liquid inlet, 12. Liquid outlet, 13. Liquid channel, 14. First side wall, 15. Second side wall, 2. Heat dissipation fin, 21. Major axis, 22. Minor axis, 23. Upper left half part, 24. Upper right half part, 25. Lower left half part, 26. Lower right half part, 3. Heat dissipation fin. Detailed Description of the Embodiment
[0022] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present utility model more obvious and understandable, the following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although some embodiments of the present utility model are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present utility model can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to more thoroughly and completely understand the present utility model. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present utility model are only for exemplary purposes and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in the description of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application;
[0024] The term "including" and its variants used herein are open-ended, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "an embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present utility model are used to distinguish different objects and are not used to describe a specific order or primary-secondary relationship. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more. It should be noted that Figure 1-2 and Figure 4-5 the direction of the x arrow in represents the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel. It should be noted that in the present invention Figure 1-5 are all cross-sectional views.
[0025] With the continuous improvement of the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, higher requirements are also put forward for the heat dissipation efficiency of liquid cooling plates. Therefore, how to further improve the heat dissipation efficiency of liquid cooling plates has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. The shape and vein design of leaves have been selected by nature and have efficient heat exchange capabilities. The leaf-shaped heat sink can achieve efficient heat conduction and dissipation by simulating the shape and vein structure of natural leaves.
[0026] Based on the above considerations, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a liquid cooling plate, which includes a cooling plate body 1. The cooling plate body 1 includes a liquid inlet 11, a liquid outlet 12 and a liquid channel 13. The liquid inlet 11, the liquid channel 13 and the liquid outlet 12 are connected in sequence. The cooling plate body 1 has two parallel plate surfaces for enclosing the liquid channel 13, and a first side wall 14 and a second side wall 15 which are oppositely arranged between the two plate surfaces. The arrangement direction of the first side wall 14 and the second side wall 15 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13. The liquid inlet 11 is located on the first side wall 14, and the liquid outlet 12 is located on the second side wall 15. The liquid channel 13 is a cuboid, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 2 are arranged in the liquid channel 13. The plurality of heat dissipation fins 2 are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel 13 in a plane parallel to the plate surface. The heat dissipation fin 2 is in the shape of an axially symmetric blade.
[0027] During use, the liquid cooling plate is installed in the battery box and brought into contact with the battery pack to be cooled. Then, a liquid cooling medium is introduced into the liquid inlet 11 of the liquid cooling plate, so that the liquid cooling medium flows along the liquid channel 13 and finally flows out through the liquid outlet 12. The liquid cooling medium exchanges heat with the battery pack through the side walls of the liquid cooling plate and the heat dissipation fins 2, thereby realizing the heat dissipation of the battery pack.
[0028] It should be noted that the arrangement direction of the first side wall 14 and the second side wall 15 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13, that is to say, the liquid flow is unidirectional from the first side wall 14 to the second side wall 15. Or rather, the liquid channel 13 of the entire cooling plate body 1 is a one-way flow channel.
[0029] The liquid cooling plate provided by the embodiment of the present utility model can increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the heat dissipation fins 2 by arranging a plurality of heat dissipation fins 2 distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel. Thus, the heat dissipation fins 2 are fully utilized for heat exchange, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. Since the heat dissipation fin 2 is in the shape of a blade that is narrow at both ends and wide in the middle and is axially symmetric, furthermore, the two ends of the heat dissipation fin 2 can play a role in flow splitting, and the arc-shaped edges on both sides of the heat dissipation fin 2 can play a role in flow guiding. Moreover, a flow guiding channel is formed between two adjacent heat dissipation fins 2, which is beneficial to further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. In addition, the heat dissipation fins 2 distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns also make the flow path of the cooling medium more reasonable, enhance the heat exchange effect, and are beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate. In addition, the heat dissipation fins 2 distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns are also more conducive to achieving uniform heat dissipation. In summary, the liquid cooling plate provided by the embodiment of the present utility model has a high heat dissipation efficiency and good heat dissipation uniformity.
[0030] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the heat sink 2 is parallel to the plate surface, and the thickness of the heat sink 2 is the same as the distance between the two plate surfaces. That is, the two side surfaces of the heat sink 2 are respectively attached to and connected with the two plate surfaces. In this way, the edge contour of the heat sink 2 can play a role in guiding the flow within the liquid channel 13.
[0031] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the row spacing of the heat sink 2 shows a decreasing trend along the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13. That is, the row spacing between adjacent two rows of heat sinks 2 shows a decreasing trend along the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13.
[0032] In some embodiments of the present utility model, multiple heat sinks 2 are distributed in an array of multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel 13. Exemplarily, the number of the heat sinks is 40, and the 40 heat sinks 2 are distributed in an 8-row and 5-column array. As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, preferably, the heat sink 2 has a major axis 21 and a minor axis 22 that are perpendicular to each other. The heat sink 2 is symmetric about the major axis 21. The length of the major axis 21 is a, the length of the minor axis 22 is b. The minor axis 22 divides the heat sink into an upper half and a lower half. The span of the upper half along the major axis direction is 0.25a, and the span of the lower half along the major axis direction is 0.75a. The major axis 21 divides the upper half into an upper left half 23 and an upper right half 24, and the major axis 21 divides the lower half into a lower left half 25 and a lower right half 26. The upper left half 23 and the upper right half 24 are both arc-shaped and the distance from the center of the circle to the minor axis is c for both, and the ratio of c to b is 1:6. The lower left half 25 and the lower right half 26 are both arc-shaped and the distance from the center of the circle to the minor axis is d for both, and the ratio of d to b is 1:3. Through finite element simulation analysis, the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate in this embodiment is better.
[0033] In some embodiments of the present utility model, exemplarily, the liquid channel 13 is a cuboid. The length of the liquid channel 13 is 130 mm, the width is 58 mm, and the widths of the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are 5 mm. The number of the heat sinks 2 is 40, and the 40 heat sinks 2 form a first array. Each row of the first array includes 5 heat sinks 2, and each column includes 8 heat sinks 2. The row spacing of the first array is 15.63 mm, and the column spacing is 10.60 mm. The length of the cooling plate body 1 is 154 mm, the width is 79 mm, and the height is 3 mm. Through simulation experiments, it is found that in this example, for the heat sink, when a is 12 mm and b is 8 mm, the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling plate is better.
[0034] In some embodiments of the present utility model, such as Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the axis of symmetry of the heat sink 2 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13. When the axis of symmetry of the heat sink 2 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13, it is beneficial to the guiding effect and further improves the heat exchange efficiency of the liquid cooling plate.
[0035] Such as Figure 2 As shown, the numbers of the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are both two. The two liquid inlets 11 and the two liquid outlets 12 form two pairs of liquid inlets and outlets. One of the liquid inlets 11 and one of the liquid outlets 12 in each pair of liquid inlets and outlets are arranged in alignment. Compared with the liquid cooling plate having one liquid inlet 11 and one liquid outlet 12, the liquid cooling plate having two liquid inlets 11 and two liquid outlets 12 has better heat dissipation effect.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present utility model, the liquid channel 13 is a cuboid, and a plurality of heat sinks 2 are arranged in multiple rows and columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel 13. Arranging in multiple rows and columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel 13 is more beneficial to improving the heat dissipation uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling plate.
[0037] The embodiment of the present utility model also provides a power battery thermal management system, including the liquid cooling plate as described above.
[0038] Embodiment 1
[0039] Such as Figure 1 As shown, a liquid cooling plate includes a cooling plate body 1. The cooling plate body 1 includes a liquid inlet 11, a liquid outlet 12 and a liquid channel 13. The liquid inlet 11, the liquid channel 13 and the liquid outlet 12 are connected in sequence. The cooling plate body 1 has two parallel plate surfaces for enclosing the liquid channel 13 and a first side wall 14 and a second side wall 15 that are oppositely arranged between the two plate surfaces. The arrangement direction of the first side wall 14 and the second side wall 15 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13. The liquid inlet 11 is located on the first side wall 14, the liquid outlet 12 is located on the second side wall 15, and a plurality of heat sinks 2 are arranged in the liquid channel 13. The plurality of heat sinks 2 are arranged in an array in a plane parallel to the plate surface. The liquid channel 13 is a cuboid, and a plurality of heat sinks 2 are arranged in 8 rows and 5 columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel 13. The heat sink 2 is in the shape of an axially symmetric blade, and the length direction of the liquid channel 13 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13.
[0040] Comparative Example 1
[0041] Such as Figure 4As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the heat sink 2 in the liquid channel 13 of the liquid cooling plate is replaced by five heat dissipation fins 3. The five heat dissipation fins 3 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the liquid channel. The length direction of the heat dissipation fins 3 is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel 13, and the length of the heat dissipation fins 3 is slightly less than the length of the liquid channel 13.
[0042] Comparative Example 2
[0043] As Figure 5 shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that no heat sink 2 is provided in the liquid channel 13 of the liquid cooling plate.
[0044] Experimental Example
[0045] The liquid cooling plates prepared in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were respectively used to dissipate heat from the battery pack, and the average temperature, the highest temperature, and the lowest temperature of the battery pack were detected. The results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Comparative Examples 1-2, the average temperature of the battery pack in Embodiment 1 is lower, and the temperature difference of the battery pack is smaller, indicating that the heat dissipation efficiency and heat dissipation uniformity of the liquid cooling plate in Embodiment 1 are both better.
[0046] Table 1
[0047]
[0048] Although the present utility model is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A liquid cooling plate, characterized in that, It includes a cooling plate body (1), and the cooling plate body (1) includes a liquid inlet (11), a liquid outlet (12) and a liquid channel (13). The liquid inlet (11), the liquid channel (13) and the liquid outlet (12) are connected in sequence. The cooling plate body (1) has two parallel plate surfaces for enclosing the liquid channel (13), and a first side wall (14) and a second side wall (15) that are oppositely arranged between the two plate surfaces. The arrangement direction of the first side wall (14) and the second side wall (15) is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel (13). The liquid inlet (11) is located on the first side wall (14), the liquid outlet (12) is located on the second side wall (15), the liquid channel (13) is a cuboid, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins (2) are arranged in the liquid channel (13). The plurality of heat dissipation fins (2) are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns in a plane parallel to the plate surface along the length and width directions of the liquid channel (13). The heat dissipation fins (2) are in the shape of axially symmetric blades.
2. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein, The heat dissipation fins (2) are parallel to the plate surface, and the thickness of the heat dissipation fins (2) is the same as the distance between the two plate surfaces.
3. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The row spacing of the heat dissipation fins (2) shows a decreasing trend along the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel (13).
4. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of heat dissipation fins (2) are distributed in an array of multiple rows and multiple columns along the length and width directions of the liquid channel (13).
5. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of the heat dissipation fins (2) is 40, and the 40 heat dissipation fins (2) are distributed in an 8-row and 5-column array.
6. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein The heat dissipation fin (2) has a major axis (21) and a minor axis (22) that are perpendicular to each other. The heat dissipation fin (2) is symmetric about the major axis (21). The length of the major axis (21) is a, the length of the minor axis (22) is b. The minor axis (22) divides the heat dissipation fin (2) into an upper half and a lower half. The span of the upper half along the major axis direction is 0.25a, and the span of the lower half along the major axis direction is 0.75a. The major axis (21) divides the upper half into a left upper half (23) and a right upper half (24), and the major axis (21) divides the lower half into a left lower half (25) and a right lower half (26). The left upper half (23) and the right upper half (24) are both arc-shaped and the distances from the centers of the circles to the minor axis are both c, and the ratio of c to b is 1:
6. The left lower half (25) and the right lower half (26) are both arc-shaped and the distances from the centers of the circles to the minor axis are both d, and the ratio of d to b is 1:
3.
7. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein, The axis of symmetry of the heat dissipation fin (2) is consistent with the liquid flow direction of the liquid channel (13).
8. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein The numbers of the liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are both two.
9. The liquid cooling plate according to claim 8, wherein The two liquid inlets (11) and the two liquid outlets (12) form two pairs of liquid inlets and outlets. One of the liquid inlets (11) and one of the liquid outlets (12) in each pair of liquid inlets and outlets are arranged in alignment.
10. A power battery thermal management system, characterized in that, It includes the liquid cooling plate according to any one of claims 1-9.