Trachea cannula

Abstract

The utility model discloses a trachea cannula which comprises a catheter, a catheter connector is arranged at the near end of the catheter, a cuff is arranged at the far end of the catheter, and a depth mark is arranged on the surface of the catheter and located between the catheter connector and the cuff. The inflation tube penetrates into the catheter and extends to be communicated with the cuff, and a one-way valve is arranged at the overhead end of the inflation tube; the metal wire is arranged in the catheter and close to the catheter joint, and the position of the metal wire in the catheter does not exceed one half of the length of the catheter. Due to the fact that the trachea cannula does not have a developing structure which can interfere with an X-ray image in the trachea of a patient, the trachea cannula eliminates the situation that in the general anesthesia high cervical vertebra surgery, the X-ray interference of the trachea cannula influences the judgment whether the cervical vertebra metal internal fixture is implanted into the ideal position or not, and therefore the intra-operative risk of the general anesthesia high cervical vertebra surgery is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to an endotracheal tube. Background Art

[0002] The emergency endotracheal intubation technique has become an important measure in the rescue process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and critically ill patients with respiratory dysfunction. Endotracheal intubation is an important rescue technique commonly used in first aid work. It is one of the most widely used, effective, and rapid means in airway management and is a basic skill that medical staff must master proficiently. It plays a crucial role in saving patients' lives and reducing the mortality rate. Endotracheal intubation can timely aspirate tracheal secretions or foreign bodies, prevent foreign bodies from entering the respiratory tract, keep the airway unobstructed, perform effective artificial or mechanical ventilation, and prevent patients from suffering from hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention.

[0003] The existing endotracheal tubes all have radio-opaque lines on their surfaces for medical staff to track through imaging instruments. However, for general anesthesia high cervical spine internal fixation surgery, an endotracheal tube needs to be inserted into the patient before the operation to provide life support, and an X-ray machine is used for fluoroscopy during the operation. However, since the existing endotracheal tubes all have radio-opacity, this will affect the determination of whether the cervical spine metal internal fixation implant is implanted in the ideal position and cause interference to the surgeons. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an endotracheal tube that can be adapted to general anesthesia high cervical spine internal fixation surgery.

[0005] An endotracheal tube according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model includes:

[0006] A catheter, with a tube connector provided at its proximal end, a cuff provided at its distal end, and depth markings provided on the surface of the catheter, the depth markings being located between the tube connector and the cuff;

[0007] An inflation tube that penetrates into the catheter and extends to communicate with the cuff, and a one-way valve is provided at the overhanging end of the inflation tube;

[0008] A wire is provided inside the catheter and close to the tube connector, and the position of the wire in the catheter does not exceed half of the length of the catheter.

[0009] A tracheal intubation according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Since the catheter is provided with depth markings, medical staff can observe the position of the depth markings in the patient's trachea through a laryngoscope. When the depth markings cross the glottis, by referring to a comparison table for different ethnic groups and ages, the position of the tracheal intubation can be finely adjusted, and the tracheal intubation can be accurately inserted into the appropriate position. During the process of inserting the tube, a wire is provided at the position where the medical staff applies force to the catheter, so that the tracheal intubation is not easily bent during the tube insertion process, which is beneficial for medical staff to align the position. Since there is no imaging structure in the patient's trachea that can interfere with the X-ray image, the present invention eliminates the determination of whether the cervical spine metal internal fixation is implanted in the ideal position affected by the X-ray interference of the tracheal intubation during general anesthesia for high cervical spine surgery, thereby effectively reducing the intraoperative risk of general anesthesia for high cervical spine surgery.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the depth markings include at least two indicator lines, and all the indicator lines are spaced along the length direction of the catheter. The indicator line at the farthest end is the reference object when entering the glottis, and the remaining indicator lines are reference objects for determining the position of the tracheal intubation under different circumstances. During the operation, it is necessary to ensure that the glottis is located between at least two indicator lines. Since the depth markings include at least two indicator lines, for patients of different ethnic groups and ages, the intubation depth of the tracheal intubation can be visually finely adjusted without referring to a comparison table.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, different indicator lines have different distinguishing features, such as colors, line shapes, or text markings.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, since the depth markings need to cross the glottis and the cuff needs to enter the trachea, the depth markings are close to the cuff.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the wire is arranged in the form of a spring, so that the wire has a certain compression space when not under external force. The purpose of this setting is to save the amount of wire used to reduce the weight of the tracheal intubation.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in order to fix the wire, two limiting platforms are provided in the catheter, and the two ends of the wire respectively abut against the two limiting platforms.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the catheter is divided into a wire-free section and a wire section based on the wire. The length of the wire-free section is not less than 15 cm to ensure the smooth progress of general anesthesia for high cervical spine surgery.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, an inclined orifice guide head is provided at the distalmost end of the catheter. The inclined orifice guide head can provide a better view during intubation and also facilitate passing through the glottis smoothly.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, air guide holes are provided on the side wall of the inclined orifice guide head, and the air guide holes are located on the long side wall of the inclined orifice guide head. The air guide holes serve as spare air holes of the catheter. When the inclined orifice guide head adheres to the tracheal wall, breathing gas can enter and exit through the air guide holes.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present utility model, auxiliary scale lines are provided on the surface of the catheter to observe the insertion depth of the tracheal intubation.

[0019] The additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present utility model. Description of the Drawings

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present utility model will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the tracheal intubation according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tracheal intubation according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] In the drawings: 100 - catheter, 200 - pipe joint, 300 - inflatable tube, 400 - cuff, 110 - inclined orifice guide head, 111 - air guide hole, 210 - male head, 220 - female head, 120 - auxiliary scale line, 500 - wire, 130 - limiting platform, 101 - wire-free section, 102 - wire section, 310 - indicating balloon, 320 - one-way valve, 600 - depth mark, 610 - indicating line. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0024] The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0025] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that when it comes to orientation descriptions, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0026] In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. Understanding of "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. does not include the recited number, and understanding of "above", "below", "within", etc. includes the recited number. If there is a description of "first", "second", it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. Those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a tracheal intubation according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model includes a catheter 100, a tube connector 200, an inflation tube 300, and a cuff 400. The catheter 100 is a medical PVC tube with a length of about 30 cm, which has good flexibility and can be bent arbitrarily to meet the technical requirements of human intubation. Similarly, other components of the tracheal intubation are all selected from medical materials, and the present utility model will not describe them one by one here. When the catheter 100 is in use, its distal end is located in the trachea of the patient, and its proximal end is located outside the patient's oral cavity. At the end of the catheter 100, that is, the most distal end of the catheter 100, it is provided with an inclined mouth guide head 110, and the inclined mouth guide head 110 serves as the main air hole of the catheter 100. Compared with a flat tube opening, the setting of the inclined mouth guide head 110 can provide a better view during intubation and is also convenient for smoothly passing through the glottis. The gentle inclined surface tip can reduce the risk of soft tissue damage during intubation with the smallest increase in flow resistance.

[0029] Furthermore, the side wall of the inclined mouth guide head 110 is provided with a guide air hole 111, and the guide air hole 111 is located on the long side wall of the inclined mouth guide head 110. The guide air hole 111 serves as a spare air hole of the catheter 100. When the inclined mouth guide head 110 adheres to the tracheal wall, breathing gas can enter and exit through the guide air hole 111, so as to expand the air conduction range of the catheter 100 and reduce the risk of medical accidents.

[0030] On the other hand, the two ends of the pipe joint 200 are respectively a male head 210 and a female head 220. The inner diameter of the female head 220 is larger than the outer diameter of the male head 210. The female head 220 of the pipe joint 200 is used to connect with the relevant joints of the ventilator. The outer diameter of the male head 210 of the pipe joint 200 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the catheter 100, and the two are connected by interference fit to prevent air leakage due to the appearance of gaps between the two.

[0031] At the time of leaving the factory, the catheter 100 and the pipe joint 200 of some tracheal intubation tubes are separately arranged. The purpose is to allow medical staff to cut the length of the catheter 100 as needed and perform an interference connection between the cut catheter 100 and the pipe joint 200 to meet the physiological needs of different patients. Of course, in order to facilitate accurate cutting of the catheter 100, auxiliary scale lines 120 are provided on the surface of the catheter 100. The auxiliary scale lines 120 are arranged along the length direction of the catheter 100 to indicate the actual length of the catheter 100. Generally speaking, the auxiliary scale lines 120 start from the distal end of the catheter 100 as the scale starting point. If medical staff need to cut the catheter 100, they must cut it from the proximal end of the catheter 100 and perform accurate cutting according to the auxiliary scale lines 120.

[0032] It can be understood that the auxiliary scale lines 120 are not only used for cutting the catheter 100. When the tracheal intubation tube is inserted into the patient's trachea, medical staff can observe the insertion depth of the tracheal intubation tube through the auxiliary scale lines 120 and use this as an operation scale.

[0033] Since the lower half of the catheter 100 needs to extend into the patient's trachea, during the intubation operation, the upper half of the catheter 100 is the force application part for medical staff. In order to improve the force application feel of medical staff and prevent the tracheal intubation tube from bending easily during the process of inserting the tube, a metal wire 500 is provided inside the catheter 100. The metal wire 500 is close to the pipe joint 200. The metal wire 500 can be selected as #316 stainless steel and is arranged in the form of a spring. Correspondingly, two limiting platforms 130 are provided inside the catheter 100. The two ends of the metal wire 500 respectively abut against the two limiting platforms 130 to fix the position of the metal wire 500 in the catheter 100. The reason for arranging the metal wire 500 in the form of a spring is to allow the metal wire 500 to have a certain compression space when not under external force. The purpose of this setting is to save the amount of the metal wire 500, reduce the weight of the tracheal intubation tube, and save costs.

[0034] It should be noted that since the wire 500 is visible under X-ray, in order to adapt to general anesthesia for high cervical spine surgery, the position of the wire 500 in the catheter 100 does not exceed half of the length of the catheter 100. That is, when the tracheal intubation is placed in place, the wire 500 will not appear in the relevant position of the cervical spine. Specifically, the catheter 100 is divided into a wire-free section 101 and a wire-containing section 102 based on the wire 500. The proximal end of the catheter 100 and the part with the wire 500 are collectively referred to as the wire-containing section 102, and the part of the catheter 100 in the distal direction of the wire-containing section 102 is collectively referred to as the wire-free section 101. To ensure the smooth progress of general anesthesia for high cervical spine surgery, the length of the wire-free section 101 is not less than 15 cm.

[0035] Since the tracheal intubation is a respiratory assistance tool, when the tracheal intubation is connected to a ventilator, it can provide oxygen for the patient and discharge waste gas. However, if the airtightness in the lungs cannot be maintained, the oxygen and anesthetic delivered by the ventilator will overflow, and the effective ventilation of the patient will be reduced. For this reason, a cuff 400 is provided at the distal end of the catheter 100. The cuff 400 is close to the beveled guide head 110. The cuff 400 is fixedly connected outside the catheter 100. An inflatable space is provided inside the cuff 400. The cuff 400 is not directly communicated with the catheter 100. The cuff 400 is inflated through an inflation tube 300. The inflation tube 300 penetrates into the catheter 100 from the outside and extends to communicate with the cuff 400. An indicating balloon 310 and a one-way valve 320 are sequentially provided at the overhead end of the inflation tube 300. The one-way valve 320 can maintain the airtightness of the cuff 400. Since the cuff 400 is located in the patient's trachea, medical staff cannot directly judge its air pressure. In view of the fact that the indicating balloon 310 and the cuff 400 have the same air pressure, medical staff can learn about the air pressure of the cuff 400 by observing the indicating balloon 310.

[0036] When the cuff 400 is not inflated, it fits on the catheter 100 and protrudes slightly outward. Although the cuff 400 protrudes from the catheter 100 when not inflated, the cuff 400 has been designed with an inclined surface tendency when deflated and will not affect the insertion of the tracheal intubation. When the tracheal intubation is placed in place, medical staff connect the inflation tube 300 to a syringe and inflate the cuff 400 through the syringe. The cuff 400 gradually expands until it expands to seal the patient's trachea to maintain the airtightness in the lungs. At this time, the tracheal intubation replaces the patient's own trachea as the only path for respiratory drug delivery, so as to ensure that the environment below the cuff 400 can be pressurized and ventilated with a carefully controlled gas mixture.

[0037] Of course, in addition to maintaining airtightness in the lungs, the cuff 400 can also isolate the secretions in the patient's oral cavity from entering the lungs, thereby reducing the risk of lung infection. Although the inflation tube 300 is provided with a one-way valve 320, when it is necessary to discharge the air inside the cuff 400, medical staff can use a syringe to draw out the air inside the cuff 400.

[0038] Finally, a depth mark 600 is provided on the surface of the catheter 100. The depth mark 600 is located on the wire-free section 101 of the catheter 100 and in the proximal direction of the cuff 400. The depth mark 600 includes at least two indicating lines 610, and all the indicating lines 610 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the catheter 100. The indicating line 610 at the farthest end is the reference object when entering the glottis, and the remaining indicating lines 610 are the reference objects for determining the position of the endotracheal tube in different situations. During the operation, it is necessary to ensure that the glottis is located between at least two indicating lines 610.

[0039] Since the depth mark 600 includes at least two indicating lines 610, for patients of different ethnic groups and different ages, the intubation depth of the endotracheal tube can be visually fine-tuned without referring to a comparison table. If the patient is an adult, after the medical staff observes through a laryngoscope that the indicating line 610 at the farthest end enters the glottis, the medical staff can fine-tune the position of the endotracheal tube according to the indicating line for adults; if the patient is a minor, after the medical staff observes through a laryngoscope that the indicating line 610 at the farthest end enters the glottis, the medical staff can fine-tune the position of the endotracheal tube according to the indicating line for minors to ensure that the glottis is located between the indicating line 610 at the farthest end and the matching indicating line 610. Since the depth mark 600 needs to cross the glottis and the cuff 400 needs to enter the trachea, the depth mark 600 needs to be close to the cuff 400 to prevent the endotracheal tube from being inserted into the esophagus when the depth mark 600 crosses the glottis.

[0040] Furthermore, different indicating lines 610 have different distinguishing features, such as colors, line shapes, or text markings. Taking color as the distinguishing feature as an example, black can represent the indicating line at the farthest end, blue can represent the indicating line for adults, pink can represent the indicating line for minors, and white can represent the indicating line for Caucasians, thereby reducing the learning difficulty of medical staff.

[0041] The operation process of medical staff using the above endotracheal tube is as follows:

[0042] 1. The patient takes a supine position, the neck is padded, and the head is tilted backward;

[0043] 2. One medical staff holds a laryngoscope and inserts it along the curvature of the patient's tongue back to the root of the tongue, gently lifts the epiglottis cartilage, and the glottis can be exposed. After the glottis opens, the other hand holds the tracheal intubation and quickly inserts it into the patient's trachea until the glottis is between the indication line 610 at the most distal end and the matching indication line 610. After that, the medical staff pulls out the stylet, places the bite block, and withdraws the laryngoscope;

[0044] 3. Check whether there is gas discharged with breathing at the outer opening of the tracheal intubation and whether the breath sounds at the apices of both lungs are consistent. After confirmation, fix the bite block and the tracheal intubation together. For adults, the depth of the tracheal intubation inserted into the patient's trachea is 4 cm to 5 cm, and the distance from the tip of the tracheal intubation to the incisors is 18 cm to 22 cm;

[0045] 4. Inject 5 ml of air into the cuff 400 through a syringe, and finally fix the position of the tracheal intubation.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, since there is no imaging structure in the patient's trachea that can interfere with the X-ray image in the tracheal intubation, the utility model eliminates the determination of whether the cervical spine metal internal fixation is implanted in the ideal position affected by the X-ray interference of the tracheal intubation during the general anesthesia high cervical spine surgery, thereby effectively reducing the intraoperative risk of the general anesthesia high cervical spine surgery.

[0047] The embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the knowledge scope of those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of the utility model.

Claims

1. An endotracheal tube, characterized in that, Comprising: A catheter (100) having a fitting (200) at its proximal end, a cuff (400) at its distal end, and depth markings (600) on the surface of the catheter (100) between the fitting (200) and the cuff (400); An inflation tube (300) passing through the catheter (100) and extending to communicate with the cuff (400), with a one-way valve (320) at the overhanging end of the inflation tube (300); A wire (500) disposed within the catheter (100) and near the fitting (200), the position of the wire (500) within the catheter (100) not exceeding half of the length of the catheter (100).

2. The endotracheal tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth markings (600) include at least two indicating lines (610), and all the indicating lines (610) are spaced along the length direction of the catheter (100).

3. The tracheal intubation according to claim 2, characterized in that: Different indicating lines (610) have different distinguishing features.

4. A tracheal intubation according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The depth markings (600) are close to the cuff (400).

5. The tracheal intubation according to claim 1, wherein: The wire (500) is arranged in the form of a spring.

6. The endotracheal tube according to claim 5, wherein: There are two limiting platforms (130) within the catheter (100), and the two ends of the wire (500) respectively abut against the two limiting platforms (130).

7. The tracheal intubation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catheter (100) is divided into a wire-free section (101) and a wire-containing section (102) based on the wire (500), and the length of the wire-free section (101) is not less than 15 cm.

8. The tracheal intubation according to claim 1, wherein: The distal end of the catheter (100) is provided with an inclined mouth guide head (110).

9. The endotracheal tube according to claim 8, wherein: The side wall of the inclined mouth guide head (110) is provided with an air guide hole (111), and the air guide hole (111) is located on the long side wall of the inclined mouth guide head (110).

10. A tracheal intubation according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the catheter (100) is provided with auxiliary scale lines (120).

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