Cement-based material 3D printing device
By using an electric push rod and a reducer motor to the steel fiber plugging mechanism driven by a cement-based material 3D printing device, the problems of fluidity and bond strength caused by fiber mixing are solved, and the precise cutting and insertion of the steel wire is achieved, which improves the stability of the printing structure and the flexibility of the device.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421584347.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-05
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-05
AI Technical Summary
In the existing 3D printing technology of building, fiber mixing in cement-based materials leads to a decrease in fluidity, an increase in the possibility of blocking the nozzle, and insufficient bonding strength and stability between layers. The existing devices have problems of complex structure and poor flexibility.
The steel fiber plugging mechanism driven by electric push rods and reducer motors is used to achieve accurate cutting and transport of steel wires through the beveled and guide surface design. Combined with the plugging of air compressor tubes, the wire feeding tube structure is simplified, the thrust requirement is reduced, and the device flexibility is improved.
The precise cutting and insertion of steel wires is achieved, the bonding strength and stability between layers is improved, the device structure is simplified, the manufacturing difficulty and weight are reduced, and the flexibility of 3D printing is increased.
Smart Images
Figure CN223115479U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular to a 3D printing device for cement-based materials. Background Art
[0002] In the existing building 3D printing technology, fibers are often mixed in cement-based materials and printed layer by layer together with the cement-based materials. However, in this printing method, on the one hand, since the fibers reduce the fluidity of the cement-based materials, the possibility of nozzle clogging is increased; on the other hand, compared with the one-piece pouring, the bonding method between the cement-based material layers has greatly reduced strength and stability. To address this problem, some studies have proposed inserting steel fibers additionally between layers on the basis of the existing layer-by-layer printing of cement-based materials. This method greatly enhances the bonding strength and stability between the printed structural layers, and the method of additionally inserting steel fibers does not have the possibility of nozzle clogging.
[0003] The utility model patent with the patent number ZL2022111094721 provides a new 3D printing structure and printing method, which can cut steel wires during the printing process. The lower end of the cut steel wire is a slope and is very sharp, facilitating insertion into the cement-based material, and the length of the steel wire can be accurately cut according to the printing requirements.
[0004] However, during the actual device manufacturing and printing operation processes, some problems were still found. First, the wire feeding pipe and the shearing pipe are coaxially arranged, and the shearing surface of the shearing pipe is close to the steel wire. When the power source pushes the shearing pipe to cut the steel wire, the initial velocity of the shearing pipe is almost 0, which requires a very large force to be applied to the shearing pipe to complete the shearing task. Using a hydraulic push rod has a relatively large weight and many auxiliary configurations, such as a hydraulic tank, a hydraulic pump, etc., which affects the flexibility of 3D printing and is not very suitable for the application scenario of 3D printing, while a general electric push rod is difficult to perform the shearing task. Second, installing a pressure roller inside the wire feeding pipe is inconvenient due to structural limitations and is time-consuming and laborious.
[0005] In order to solve the above existing problems, people have been seeking an ideal technical solution. Content of the Utility Model
[0006] The utility model aims at the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a 3D printing device for cement-based materials.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0008] Cement-based material 3D printing device, including a discharge pipe for extruding cement-based material and a controller. The discharge pipe includes a cylindrical discharge pipe body and a conical discharge port provided at the bottom of the discharge pipe body. A steel fiber plugging mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the discharge pipe body. The steel fiber plugging mechanism includes a pneumatic pipe fixedly arranged on the discharge pipe body, a wire feeding pipe fixedly arranged on the pneumatic pipe, and a transfer unit arranged on the wire feeding pipe. The bottom of the pneumatic pipe and the bottom of the wire feeding pipe have an inclined plane, and the side of the inclined plane close to the discharge pipe body is lower than the side far from the discharge pipe body. The transfer unit includes a fixing plate fixed on the wire feeding pipe, a first electric push rod fixedly arranged on the fixing plate and outputting linear reciprocating motion, and a transfer pipe fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric push rod. The top of the transfer pipe has a guiding surface slidably matched with the inclined plane. The output axis of the first electric push rod is parallel to the guiding surface. A support frame is arranged above the wire feeding pipe. An L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support frame. A second electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate. An inclined plate is arranged inside the support frame. The lower end of the inclined plate is fixed outside the wire inlet hole of the wire feeding pipe. The output shaft of the second electric push rod is arranged parallel to the upper surface of the inclined plate. A cutting knife is fixed on the output shaft of the second electric push rod. The cutting knife is slidably matched with the upper surface of the inclined plate. The wire inlet hole has an inclined notch for the lower end of the cutting knife to insert. Above the output shaft of the second electric push rod, there are a pressure roller and a first reduction motor for driving the pressure roller. The pressure roller and the first reduction motor are fixed inside the support frame. A wire winding disc for winding steel wire is fixed on the support frame and the wire winding disc is located above the pressure roller. The controller is in control connection with the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the first reduction motor.
[0009] Preferably, a C-shaped track is provided on the inclined plane, and a C-shaped sliding groove slidably matched with the C-shaped track is provided on the guiding surface.
[0010] Preferably, the fixing plate is a folded-line fixing plate. A reinforcing rib plate connecting the fixing plate is also fixedly arranged on the wire feeding pipe. A positioning plate for fixing the cylinder body of the first electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the reinforcing rib plate.
[0011] Preferably, a ring-shaped inner plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the discharge pipe body. A connecting pipe is inserted into the ring-shaped inner plate. The bottom of the connecting pipe has a ring-shaped outer plate. A thrust bearing is arranged between the ring-shaped inner plate and the ring-shaped outer plate. The upper plate of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped inner plate, and the lower plate of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped outer plate. There is a rotating gap between the connecting pipe and the upper plate, the lower plate, and the ring-shaped inner plate. A ring-shaped rack is provided on the upper surface of the ring-shaped inner plate. A fixing plate is horizontally arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting pipe. A second reduction motor is arranged at the bottom of the fixing plate. A gear meshing with the ring-shaped rack is provided on the output shaft of the second reduction motor. The controller is in control connection with the second reduction motor.
[0012] The 3D printing device for cement-based materials of the present utility model can cut the steel wire during the printing process. The lower end of the cut steel wire is beveled and very sharp, which is convenient for inserting into the cement-based material, and the length of the steel wire can be accurately cut according to the printing requirements. The change in the position of the pressure roller not only reduces the installation difficulty of the pressure roller, but also provides a basis for setting a cutting structure above the wire feeding pipe, avoiding the interruption of steel wire transportation after cutting. Since the initial position of the cutter is far from the position of the steel wire, the cutter can accumulate enough speed when reaching the position of the steel wire, so the requirement for the thrust of the cutter is greatly reduced, and an electric push rod can meet the requirement. The first electric push rod and the transfer pipe no longer serve the task of cutting the steel wire, but only transfer the steel wire entering the transfer pipe after cutting to the bottom of the air pressure pipe, and the requirement for the thrust applied to the transfer pipe is greatly reduced, and an electric push rod can be competent. On the premise of meeting the use function, the structure of the whole device is simplified, the weight is reduced, the flexibility of 3D printing is increased, the manufacturing difficulty is decreased, the structure is ingenious, and the operation is convenient. The inclined cut for the lower end of the cutter to insert on the wire inlet hole is very ingenious. It can not only make the lower end of the cutter penetrate into the wire inlet hole to cut the steel wire, but also keep the lower end of the continuous steel wire in the wire inlet hole in the vertical direction, playing a guiding role to ensure that the steel wire can enter continuously.
[0013] Furthermore, a C-shaped track is provided on the bevel surface, and a C-shaped sliding groove that is slidably matched with the C-shaped track is provided on the guiding surface, so that the guiding surface moves more stably along the bevel surface. At the same time, the power source does not need to bear the torque of the transfer pipe in the vertical direction, extending the service life of the power source.
[0014] Furthermore, a pressure roller and a first reduction motor for driving the pressure roller are provided in the wire feeding pipe. The first reduction motor drives the pressure roller to straighten the steel wire on the wire winding disc and send the steel wire of a preset length into the transfer pipe.
[0015] Furthermore, the fixing plate is a broken-line fixing plate, and a reinforcing rib plate connecting the fixing plate is also fixed on the wire feeding pipe. A positioning plate for fixing the cylinder body of the first electric push rod is fixed on the reinforcing rib plate, making the operation of the first electric push rod more stable.
[0016] Furthermore, by adopting a clever structure, the discharge pipe is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the connecting pipe, and its rotation is controlled by a second reduction motor. The air pressure pipe and the wire feeding pipe are fixed on one side of the discharge pipe. In this way, at the position where steel fibers need to be inserted, the second reduction motor drives the discharge pipe to rotate, thereby driving the air pressure pipe and the wire feeding pipe to rotate together by a certain angle along the axis of the discharge pipe, so that the lower end of the air pressure pipe faces the position where steel fibers need to be inserted. During this process, the controller controls the first reduction motor to drive the pressure roller to straighten the steel wire on the wire winding disc according to the preset wire length at this position, and push the preset length of the steel wire cut by the cutter into the transfer pipe, and push the transfer pipe to directly below the air pressure pipe. Finally, the steel fibers in the transfer pipe are inserted into the cement-based material through air pressure. In this way, the discharge pipe of the cement-based material and the steel fiber insertion mechanism can be arranged on one printing system, which greatly saves costs and effectively prevents interference. In addition, it also perfectly solves the problem that the two sets of devices for printing cement-based materials and inserting steel fibers cannot use the same 3D printer track for printing operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing device for cement-based materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram at position A in
[0019] Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram at position B in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0020] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments. Embodiment
[0021] A 3D printing device for cement-based materials, such as Figures 1-3As shown in the figure, it includes a discharge pipe for extruding cement-based materials and a controller (not shown in the figure). The discharge pipe includes a cylindrical discharge pipe body 2 and a conical discharge port 1 provided at the bottom of the discharge pipe body. A steel fiber insertion mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the discharge pipe body. The steel fiber connection structure includes a pneumatic pipe 7 welded and fixed on the discharge pipe body, a wire feeding pipe 3 welded and fixed on the pneumatic pipe, and a transfer unit welded and fixed on the wire feeding pipe. The bottom of the pneumatic pipe and the bottom of the wire feeding pipe have an inclined plane 19. The side of the inclined plane close to the discharge pipe body is lower than the side far from the discharge pipe body. The transfer unit includes a fixing plate 8 fixed on the wire feeding pipe, a first electric push rod 9 fixedly arranged on the fixing plate and outputting linear reciprocating motion, and a transfer pipe 4 fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric push rod. The top of the transfer pipe has a guiding surface that slidably cooperates with the inclined plane. The output axis of the first electric push rod is parallel to the guiding surface. A support frame 30 is arranged above the wire feeding pipe 3. An L-shaped plate 26 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support frame. A second electric push rod 25 is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate. An inclined plate 23 is arranged inside the support frame. The lower end of the inclined plate is fixed outside the wire inlet hole of the wire feeding pipe. The output shaft 28 of the second electric push rod is arranged parallel to the upper surface of the inclined plate. A cutter 24 is fixed on the output shaft of the second electric push rod. The cutter slidably cooperates with the upper surface of the inclined plate. There is an inclined notch 27 on the wire inlet hole for the lower end of the cutter to insert. Above the output shaft of the second electric push rod, there are a pressure roller 18 and a first reduction motor (not shown in the figure) for driving the pressure roller. The pressure roller and the first reduction motor are fixed inside the support frame. A wire winding disc 6 for winding steel wires is fixed on the support frame and the wire winding disc is located above the pressure roller 18. The controller is control-connected to the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod, and the first reduction motor. The first reduction motor drives the pressure roller to straighten the steel wire wound on the wire winding disc and send a preset length of the steel wire into the transfer pipe.
[0022] Above the wire feeding pipe, a wire winding disc 6 for winding steel wires is fixedly arranged. The controller is control-connected to the power source. There is a C-shaped track (not shown in the figure) on the inclined plane, and a C-shaped sliding groove (not shown in the figure) that slidably cooperates with the C-shaped track on the guiding surface. This makes the movement of the guiding surface along the inclined plane more stable. At the same time, the power source does not need to bear the torque of the transfer pipe in the vertical direction, extending the service life of the power source.
[0023] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 8 is a folded fixing plate. A reinforcing rib plate 21 connecting the fixing plate is also fixedly arranged on the wire feeding pipe. Both ends of the reinforcing rib plate are fixed by welding. A positioning plate 22 for fixing the cylinder body of the first electric push rod is welded on the reinforcing rib plate, making the operation of the first electric push rod more stable.
[0024] At the top of the discharge pipe body, a ring-shaped inner plate 14 is fixedly installed. A connecting material pipe 5 is inserted into the ring-shaped inner plate. The bottom of the connecting material pipe has a ring-shaped outer plate 17. A thrust bearing is arranged between the ring-shaped inner plate and the ring-shaped outer plate. The upper plate 15 of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped inner plate 15, and the lower plate 16 of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped outer plate 17. There is a rotational gap between the connecting material pipe and the upper plate, the lower plate, and the ring-shaped inner plate. The upper surface of the ring-shaped inner plate has a ring-shaped rack 10. A fixing plate 12 is horizontally arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting material pipe. A second reduction motor 11 is arranged at the bottom of the fixing plate. A gear 13 meshing with the ring-shaped rack is arranged on the output shaft of the second reduction motor. The controller is in control connection with the second reduction motor.
[0025] The 3D printing device for cement-based materials in this embodiment can cut the steel wire 29 during the printing process. The lower end of the cut steel wire is beveled and very sharp, which is convenient for inserting into the cement-based materials. Moreover, the length of the steel wire can be accurately cut according to the printing requirements. The change in the position of the pressure roller not only reduces the installation difficulty of the pressure roller but also provides a basis for arranging a cutting structure above the wire feeding pipe, avoiding the interruption of the steel wire transportation after cutting. Since the initial position of the cutter can be far away from the position of the steel wire, the cutter can accumulate enough speed when reaching the position of the steel wire, so the requirement for the thrust of the cutter is greatly reduced, and the electric push rod can meet the requirement. The first electric push rod and the transfer pipe no longer serve the task of cutting the steel wire but only transfer the steel wire entering the transfer pipe after cutting to the bottom of the air pressure pipe. The requirement for the thrust applied to the transfer pipe is greatly reduced, and the electric push rod can be competent. On the premise of meeting the use function, the structure of the whole device is simplified, the weight is reduced, the flexibility of 3D printing is increased, the manufacturing difficulty is decreased, the structure is ingenious, and the operation is convenient.
Claims
1. A 3D printing device for cement-based materials, comprising a discharge pipe for extruding cement-based materials and a controller. The discharge pipe includes a cylindrical discharge pipe body and a conical discharge port provided at the bottom of the discharge pipe body, characterized in that : On one side of the discharge pipe body, a steel fiber insertion mechanism is fixedly arranged. The steel fiber insertion mechanism includes an air pressure pipe fixedly arranged on the discharge pipe body, a wire feeding pipe fixedly arranged on the air pressure pipe, and a transfer unit arranged on the wire feeding pipe. The bottom of the air pressure pipe and the bottom of the wire feeding pipe have an inclined plane, and the side of the inclined plane close to the discharge pipe body is lower than the side far from the discharge pipe body. The transfer unit includes a fixed plate fixed on the wire feeding pipe, a first electric push rod fixedly arranged on the fixed plate and outputting linear reciprocating motion, and a transfer pipe fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric push rod. The top of the transfer pipe has a guiding surface slidingly matched with the inclined plane. The output axis of the first electric push rod is parallel to the guiding surface. A support frame is arranged above the wire feeding pipe. An L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the support frame. A second electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the L-shaped plate. An inclined plate is arranged inside the support frame. The lower end of the inclined plate is fixed outside the wire inlet hole of the wire feeding pipe. The output shaft of the second electric push rod is arranged parallel to the upper surface of the inclined plate. A cutting knife is fixed on the output shaft of the second electric push rod and slidingly matched with the upper surface of the inclined plate. The wire inlet hole has an inclined notch for the lower end of the cutting knife to insert. Above the output shaft of the second electric push rod, there are a pressing roller and a first reduction motor for driving the pressing roller. The pressing roller and the first reduction motor are fixed inside the support frame. A wire winding disc for winding steel wires is fixed on the support frame and the wire winding disc is located above the pressing roller. The controller is in control connection with the first electric push rod, the second electric push rod and the first reduction motor.
2. The cement-based material 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined plane has a C-shaped track, and the guiding surface has a C-shaped sliding groove slidingly matched with the C-shaped track.
3. The cement-based material 3D printing device according to claim 2, wherein: The fixed plate is a broken-line-shaped fixed plate. A reinforcing rib plate connecting the fixed plate is also fixedly arranged on the wire feeding pipe. A positioning plate for fixing the cylinder body of the first electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the reinforcing rib plate.
4. The cement-based material 3D printing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A ring-shaped inner plate is fixedly arranged on the top of the discharge pipe body. A connecting material pipe is inserted into the ring-shaped inner plate. The bottom of the connecting material pipe has a ring-shaped outer plate. A thrust bearing is arranged between the ring-shaped inner plate and the ring-shaped outer plate. The upper plate of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped inner plate, and the lower plate of the thrust bearing is fixed to the ring-shaped outer plate. There is a rotating gap between the connecting material pipe and the upper plate, the lower plate and the ring-shaped inner plate. The upper surface of the ring-shaped inner plate has a ring-shaped rack. A fixed plate is horizontally arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting material pipe. A second reduction motor is arranged at the bottom of the fixed plate. The output shaft of the second reduction motor has a gear meshing with the ring-shaped rack. The controller is in control connection with the second reduction motor.