Multi-wave microseism logging ground detector

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-wave microseism logging ground detector, which relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a multi-wave microseism logging ground detector, which comprises a shell, a support frame and a top cover, the lower part of the shell is conical, and the upper part of the shell is cylindrical. A first containing cavity and a second containing cavity are formed in the shell, the supporting frame is arranged in the second containing cavity of the shell, the top cover is arranged at the first containing cavity of the shell, and the top cover is detachably connected with the shell; through cooperative arrangement of the four transverse wave detector cores, every two transverse wave detector cores with opposite orientations form a group, that is, horizontal components of one group of transverse wave detector cores are arranged reversely, and through reverse arrangement of the horizontal components of the two groups of transverse wave detector cores, two groups of transverse wave signals with opposite polarities can be acquired and are subjected to subtraction processing, and the transverse wave signals are superposed and enhanced in the same phase; longitudinal wave signals are eliminated through in-phase subtraction, the signal-to-noise ratio of transverse wave signals is greatly increased, and the measurement precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seismic exploration, in particular to a multi-wave micro-seismic logging surface geophone. Background Technique

[0002] With the wide application of multi-wave seismic exploration, the acquisition quality of multi-wave data and the static correction problem have always been important factors restricting the imaging quality of multi-wave data. The surface velocity structure of shear waves is very different from that of compressional waves. When there is a water table near the surface, the compressional wave velocity significantly increases below the water table, while the shear wave velocity has little relation with the fluid in the formation and is greatly affected by the rock skeleton. Whether it is the dry layer above or the aquifer below the water table in the entire weathered layer, the shear wave velocity is very low. The shear wave static correction amount at the same geophone position may reach 2 to 10 times that of the compressional wave. Due to the influence of the near-surface structure, there are serious static correction problems, which affect the imaging continuity and the accurate description of small-scale structures. Therefore, carrying out research on surface shear wave survey technology can provide reliable static correction amounts for shear wave data processing, solve the static correction problem of shear wave exploration, and improve the profile imaging quality.

[0003] In the surface shear wave survey work, generally, the data acquisition method of exciting shear waves in the well and receiving with surface three-component geophones is adopted. In the publicly disclosed Chinese patent application, the publication number is: CN108732618A, and the patent name is: A device and method for quickly identifying shear waves on seismic monitoring records. This prior art buries two three-component geophones "back to back" at the same position. Due to the difference in coupling conditions, there are certain errors in the two three-component seismic signals. When the horizontal component signals are subtracted, the compressional wave energy cannot be completely eliminated, which interferes with the shear wave signals and affects the picking of shear wave first arrivals. In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this case is specifically proposed to solve them. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a multi-wave micro-seismic logging surface geophone, which solves the problems put forward in the above background technique.

[0006] (2) Technical Solutions

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions: A multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone, comprising a housing, a support frame, and a top cover. The lower part of the housing is conical, and the upper part of the housing is cylindrical. A first accommodation cavity and a second accommodation cavity are provided inside the housing. A marking notch indicating the horizontal component direction is engraved on the outer side wall of the housing. The support frame is arranged in the second accommodation cavity of the housing, and the top cover is arranged at the first accommodation cavity of the housing, and the top cover is detachably connected to the housing. A longitudinal installation groove is provided at the top of the support frame, and a longitudinal geophone core is arranged in the longitudinal installation groove of the support frame. Four transverse installation grooves are successively provided on the lower side wall of the support frame from top to bottom, and the notch directions of every two adjacent transverse installation grooves are perpendicular to each other. A transverse geophone core is arranged in each transverse installation groove on the support frame.

[0008] Optionally, the second accommodation cavity inside the housing is rectangular parallelepiped-shaped, the support frame is integrally rectangular parallelepiped-shaped, and the support frame is embedded and installed in the second accommodation cavity of the housing.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of wire grooves are provided on the outer wall of the support frame, each wire groove corresponds to and communicates with a transverse installation groove, a two-core cable is electrically connected to each transverse geophone core, and the two-core cable is arranged along the wire groove; a two-core cable is also electrically connected to the longitudinal geophone core; the two-core cables of the four transverse geophone cores and the two-core cable of one longitudinal geophone core together form a ten-core cable.

[0010] Optionally, a gasket is provided above the support frame, a pressing gasket is provided above the gasket, and the ten-core cable sequentially penetrates through the gasket, the pressing gasket, and the top cover from bottom to top.

[0011] Optionally, a horizontal test piece is provided on the upper surface of the top cover.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal test piece adopts one of a level, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a laser level, and an electronic level.

[0013] (III) Beneficial effects

[0014] The utility model provides a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. For the multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone, through the cooperative setting of four transverse geophone cores, every two transverse geophone cores with opposite orientations form a group, that is, the horizontal components of a group of transverse geophone cores are set in the opposite direction. By setting the horizontal components of two groups of transverse geophone cores in the opposite direction, two groups of shear wave signals with opposite polarities can be collected, and subtraction processing is performed on them. The shear wave signals are in-phase superimposed and enhanced, while the longitudinal wave signals are in-phase subtracted and eliminated, greatly enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of the shear wave signals and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0016] 2. By adopting a cuboid structure for the overall support frame, it is convenient to open slots for each geophone installation, and it is also beneficial for fixing in the horizontal component direction.

[0017] 3. When used for three-component detection, the shear wave geophones in the same axial direction can be connected in series to enhance sensitivity and improve the detection ability of weak signals, or they can be connected in parallel to enhance signal energy.

[0018] 4. A multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone can simultaneously obtain longitudinal waves with the same polarity and shear waves with opposite polarities, avoiding the errors of two three-component seismic signals caused by differences in coupling conditions when two three-component geophones are buried "back to back" at the same position in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the provided drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the housing of a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the housing of a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone of the present invention after encapsulating gaskets;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the support frame of a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Housing; 2. Top cover; 3. Horizontal test piece; 4. Ten-core cable; 5. First accommodation cavity; 6. Second accommodation cavity; 7. Gasket; 8. Support frame; 9. Longitudinal installation groove; 10. Transverse installation groove; 11. Cable groove; 12. Compression pad; 13. Longitudinal geophone core; 14. Transverse geophone core; 1401. First geophone core; 1402. Second geophone core; 1403. Third geophone core; 1404. Fourth geophone core. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying.

[0027] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , the present utility model provides a technical solution: a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone, including a housing 1, a support frame 8, and a top cover 2. The lower part of the housing 1 is in a conical shape, and the upper part of the housing 1 is in a cylindrical shape. A first accommodation cavity 5 and a second accommodation cavity 6 are provided inside the housing 1. A marking notch indicating the horizontal component direction is engraved on the outer side wall of the housing 1. The support frame 8 is arranged in the second accommodation cavity 6 of the housing 1. The top cover 2 is arranged at the first accommodation cavity 5 of the housing 1, and the top cover 2 is detachably connected to the housing 1 (specifically, it can be connected by bolts, threaded connection, resin potting, riveting, etc.).

[0029] A longitudinal installation groove 9 is provided at the top of the support frame 8, and a longitudinal geophone core 13 is arranged in the longitudinal installation groove 9 of the support frame 8. Four transverse installation grooves 10 are sequentially provided on the lower side wall of the support frame 8 from top to bottom. The notch directions of every two adjacent transverse installation grooves 10 are perpendicular to each other. A transverse geophone core 14 is arranged in each transverse installation groove 10 on the support frame 8.

[0030] Among them, the support frame 8 is used to support and fix the vertical geophone core 13 and four horizontal geophone cores 14. The outer shell 1 and the top cover 2 are used to form a closed protective shell after being fitted and installed, that is, the protective shell of the support frame 8. The four horizontal geophone cores 14 are respectively the first geophone core 1401, the second geophone core 1402, the third geophone core 1403, and the fourth geophone core 1404. The four horizontal geophone cores 14 are all used to pick up shear waves. The first geophone core 1401 is used to pick up the shear wave X+, the second geophone core 1402 is used to pick up the shear wave Y+, the third geophone core 1403 is used to pick up the shear wave X-, and the fourth geophone core 1404 is used to pick up the shear wave Y-. By setting the horizontal components of the two groups of horizontal geophone cores 14 in the reverse direction, two groups of shear wave signals with opposite polarities can be collected, and after subtraction processing, the shear wave signals are in-phase superposed and enhanced, while the longitudinal wave signals are in-phase subtracted and eliminated, greatly enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio of the shear wave signals and improving the measurement accuracy. The vertical geophone core 13 is used to pick up longitudinal waves.

[0031] Specifically, the second accommodation cavity 6 inside the outer shell 1 is in a cuboid shape, and the support frame 8 is also in a cuboid shape as a whole. The support frame 8 is embedded and installed in the second accommodation cavity 6 of the outer shell 1.

[0032] Among them, by adopting a cuboid structure for the support frame 8 as a whole, it is convenient to open slots for each geophone installation, and it is also beneficial to fix in the horizontal component direction.

[0033] Specifically, a plurality of wire grooves 11 are opened on the outer wall of the support frame 8. Each wire groove 11 corresponds to and communicates with a horizontal installation groove 10. A two-core cable is electrically connected to each horizontal geophone core 14, and the two-core cable is arranged along the wire groove 11. A two-core cable is also electrically connected to the vertical geophone core 13. The two-core cables of the four horizontal geophone cores 14 and the two-core cable of a vertical geophone core 13 together form a ten-core cable 4.

[0034] Among them, the wire grooves 11 are used to facilitate wire arrangement. One end of the ten-core cable 4 far from each geophone core is electrically connected to an external data acquisition device.

[0035] Further specifically, a gasket 7 is arranged above the support frame 8, and a pressing gasket 12 is arranged above the gasket 7. The ten-core cable 4 passes through the gasket 7, the pressing gasket 12, and the top cover 2 from bottom to top in sequence.

[0036] Among them, the gasket 7 and the pressing gasket 12 are used to press and fix the support frame 8, so that the support frame 8 can be firmly fixed in the outer shell 1 to prevent it from shifting and shaking.

[0037] Specifically, a horizontal test piece 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the top cover 2. The horizontal test piece 3 is one of a level, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a laser level, an electronic level, etc.

[0038] Among them, the horizontal test piece 3 is used to detect whether a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone shown in this technical solution is in a vertical state when installed (or buried) on the ground, so as to avoid deviation or inclination when the multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone is buried.

[0039] A marking notch indicating the direction of the horizontal component is engraved on the outer side wall of the housing 1. The marking notch is used to indicate the direction of the horizontal component X+. When a multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone is installed (or buried) on the ground, ensure that the direction of the horizontal component X+ is aligned with the excitation wellhead.

[0040] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), a support frame (8), and a top cover (2). The lower part of the housing (1) is conical, and the upper part of the housing (1) is cylindrical. A first accommodation cavity (5) and a second accommodation cavity (6) are provided inside the housing (1). Marking notches indicating the direction of the horizontal component are engraved on the outer side wall of the housing (1). The support frame (8) is arranged in the second accommodation cavity (6) of the housing (1), and the top cover (2) is arranged at the first accommodation cavity (5) of the housing (1), and the top cover (2) is detachably connected to the housing (1). A longitudinal installation groove (9) is provided at the top of the support frame (8), and a longitudinal geophone core (13) is arranged in the longitudinal installation groove (9) of the support frame (8). Four transverse installation grooves (10) are successively provided on the lower side wall of the support frame (8) from top to bottom, and the notch directions of every two adjacent transverse installation grooves (10) are perpendicular to each other. A transverse geophone core (14) is arranged in each transverse installation groove (10) on the support frame (8).

2. The multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second accommodation cavity (6) inside the housing (1) is rectangular parallelepiped-shaped, and the support frame (8) is overall rectangular parallelepiped-shaped. The support frame (8) is embedded and installed in the second accommodation cavity (6) of the housing (1).

3. The multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of wire grooves (11) are provided on the outer wall of the support frame (8), each wire groove (11) corresponds to and communicates with a transverse installation groove (10), a two-core cable is electrically connected to each transverse geophone core (14), and the two-core cables are arranged along the wire grooves (11); a two-core cable is also electrically connected to the longitudinal geophone core (13). The two-core cables of the four transverse geophone cores (14) and the two-core cable of one longitudinal geophone core (13) together form a ten-core cable (4).

4. A multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gasket (7) is arranged above the support frame (8), and a pressing gasket (12) is arranged above the gasket (7). The ten-core cable (4) successively penetrates through the gasket (7), the pressing gasket (12), and the top cover (2) from bottom to top.

5. The multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal test piece (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the top cover (2).

6. The multi-wave microseismic logging surface geophone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal test piece (3) is one of a spirit level, a gyroscope, an inclination sensor, a laser level, and an electronic level.

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