Antenna, electronic equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an antenna, electronic equipment and a vehicle. The antenna comprises a floor and a radiation mechanism. The floor is provided with at least two feed points. The radiation mechanism is arranged on the floor. The radiation mechanism is provided with at least two feed branches. And each feed branch knot is electrically connected with one feed point. Therefore, an antenna structure with a separated radiator can be formed, the influence of the surrounding environment on the axial ratio and the directional diagram of the antenna is improved, and the antenna has better environmental influence resistance and can keep good performance in a complex environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, an electronic device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, antennas are widely used in telecommunications, radar, navigation, mobile communications, smart devices, etc. In the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), one feeding branch of the antenna corresponds to multiple feeding points, causing the surrounding environment to have a greater impact on the antenna axial ratio and radiation pattern. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an electronic device and a vehicle. By arranging a one-to-one correspondence between feeding branches and feeding points to form an antenna structure with a separated radiator, the influence of the surrounding environment on the antenna axial ratio and the radiation pattern can be improved.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, comprising:

[0005] A floor provided with at least two feeding points;

[0006] The radiation mechanism is arranged on the floor, and the radiation mechanism has at least two feeding branches, and each of the feeding branches is electrically connected to one of the feeding points.

[0007] Optionally, the radiation mechanism includes a high-frequency radiation element and a low-frequency radiation element arranged at intervals, and the at least two feeding branches include a high-frequency feeding branch and a low-frequency feeding branch, the high-frequency feeding branch is arranged on the high-frequency radiation element, and the low-frequency feeding branch is arranged on the low-frequency radiation element.

[0008] Optionally, the high-frequency radiator includes:

[0009] A high frequency bracket connected to the floor;

[0010] The high-frequency radiator is arranged on a side of the high-frequency bracket facing the low-frequency radiator, or is arranged on a side of the high-frequency bracket facing away from the low-frequency radiator.

[0011] Optionally, the high-frequency bracket includes four high-frequency substrates connected end to end, and the four high-frequency substrates enclose a high-frequency bracket with a square frame structure, wherein each of the high-frequency substrates is provided with the high-frequency radiator.

[0012] Optionally, the at least two feeding points include a high-frequency feeding point constructed on the floor, and the high-frequency radiator includes a high-frequency radiation stub and the high-frequency feeding stub, wherein the high-frequency feeding stub is electrically connected to the high-frequency feeding point, and the high-frequency radiation stub is electrically connected to one end of the high-frequency feeding stub away from the high-frequency feeding point.

[0013] Optionally, the high-frequency feeding stub is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency feeding stub is L1, satisfying: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 12 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the high-frequency radiation stub is parallel to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency radiation stub is L2, satisfying: 22 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 27 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the high-frequency radiator further includes:

[0016] A high-frequency grounding stub, one end of which is electrically connected to the floor and the other end of which is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation stub.

[0017] Optionally, the high-frequency grounding stub is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency grounding stub is L3, satisfying: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 12 mm.

[0018] Optionally, the distance between the high-frequency grounding stub and the high-frequency feeding stub is X1, satisfying: 5.5 mm ≤ X1 ≤ 7.5 mm.

[0019] Optionally, the high-frequency radiator further includes:

[0020] A high-frequency loading stub, which is arranged in parallel with the high-frequency radiation stub, and the high-frequency loading stub is located at a position on the high-frequency substrate away from the floor.

[0021] Optionally, the length of the high-frequency loading stub is L4, satisfying: 46 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 50 mm.

[0022] Optionally, the opposite ends of the high-frequency loading stub in the length direction are respectively a first end and a second end, the high-frequency radiation stub has a third end away from the high-frequency feeding stub, and in the projection along the height direction of the high-frequency substrate, the first end is located between the high-frequency grounding stub and the third end, and the distance between the second end and the edge of the high-frequency substrate is X2, satisfying: X2 ≥ 4 mm.

[0023] Optionally, the distance between the high-frequency loading stub and the high-frequency radiation stub is X3, satisfying: 1 mm ≤ X3 ≤ 2 mm.

[0024] Optionally, four high-frequency feeding points are arranged on the floor, and each high-frequency feeding point corresponds to a high-frequency feeding stub, wherein the four high-frequency feeding points are centrally symmetrically distributed along the center point of the floor.

[0025] Optionally, a first power divider phase shifter is arranged on the floor, and the four high-frequency feeding points are all electrically connected to the first power divider phase shifter for equally feeding the four high-frequency feeding points.

[0026] Optionally, the low-frequency radiator includes:

[0027] A low-frequency bracket connected to the floor, and the low-frequency bracket is arranged at an interval from the high-frequency bracket;

[0028] A low-frequency radiator arranged on one side of the low-frequency bracket facing the high-frequency bracket or on one side of the low-frequency bracket facing away from the high-frequency bracket.

[0029] Optionally, the low-frequency bracket includes four low-frequency substrates connected end to end, and the four low-frequency substrates enclose a low-frequency bracket in a square frame structure, wherein each low-frequency substrate is provided with the low-frequency radiator.

[0030] Optionally, the at least two feeding points include low-frequency feeding points constructed on the floor, the low-frequency radiator includes a low-frequency radiation stub and the low-frequency feeding stub, wherein the low-frequency feeding stub is electrically connected to the low-frequency feeding point, and the low-frequency radiation stub is electrically connected to one end of the low-frequency feeding stub away from the low-frequency feeding point.

[0031] Optionally, the low-frequency feeding stub is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency feeding stub is L5, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L5 ≤ 7 mm.

[0032] Optionally, the low-frequency radiation stub is parallel to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency radiation stub is L6, satisfying: 27 mm ≤ L6 ≤ 33 mm.

[0033] Optionally, the low-frequency radiator further includes:

[0034] A low-frequency grounding stub, one end of which is electrically connected to the floor and the other end of which is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation stub.

[0035] Optionally, the low-frequency grounding stub is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency grounding stub is L7, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L7 ≤ 7 mm.

[0036] Optionally, the distance between the low-frequency grounding stub and the low-frequency feeding stub is X4, satisfying: 3.5 mm ≤ X4 ≤ 5.5 mm.

[0037] Optionally, the low-frequency radiator further includes:

[0038] A low-frequency loading stub, arranged in parallel with the low-frequency radiation stub, and the low-frequency loading stub is located at a position on the low-frequency substrate away from the floor.

[0039] Optionally, the length of the low-frequency loading stub is L8, satisfying: 68 mm ≤ L8 ≤ 77 mm.

[0040] Optionally, the two opposite ends of the low-frequency loading stub in the length direction are respectively a fourth end and a fifth end, the low-frequency radiation stub has a sixth end away from the low-frequency feeding stub, and in the projection along the height direction of the low-frequency substrate, the fourth end is located between the low-frequency grounding stub and the sixth end, and the distance between the fifth end and the board edge of the low-frequency substrate is X5, satisfying: X5 ≥ 4 mm.

[0041] Optionally, the distance between the low-frequency loading stub and the low-frequency radiation stub is X6, satisfying: 1 mm ≤ X6 ≤ 2 mm.

[0042] Optionally, four low-frequency feeding points are provided on the floor, and each low-frequency feeding point corresponds to a low-frequency feeding stub, wherein the four low-frequency feeding points are centrally symmetrically distributed around the center point of the floor.

[0043] Optionally, a second power divider phase shifter is provided on the floor, and the four low-frequency feeding points are all electrically connected to the second power divider phase shifter for equal-amplitude feeding of the four low-frequency feeding points.

[0044] Optionally, the height of the high-frequency support is H1, and the height of the low-frequency support is H2, satisfying: H1 > H2.

[0045] Optionally, the high-frequency support is provided with a high-frequency radiation stub, the low-frequency support is provided with a low-frequency radiation stub, the high-frequency radiation stub and the low-frequency radiation stub are both parallel to the floor, the distance between the high-frequency radiation stub and the floor is D1, and the distance between the low-frequency radiation stub and the floor is D2, satisfying: D1 > D2.

[0046] Optionally, the high-frequency support is located within the area enclosed by the low-frequency support, wherein the distance between the high-frequency support and the low-frequency support is D3, satisfying: 11 mm ≤ D3 ≤ 15 mm.

[0047] Optionally, the floor includes:

[0048] A dielectric substrate;

[0049] A cladding layer covering the surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0050] In a second aspect, the present application provides an electronic device including the antenna as described above.

[0051] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle including the electronic device as described above.

[0052] In the antenna, electronic device and vehicle according to the embodiments of the present application, by providing at least two feeding points on the floor and at least two feeding branches on the radiation mechanism, with each feeding branch corresponding to a feeding point, an antenna structure with a separated radiator is formed. Thereby, the influence of the surrounding environment on the axial ratio and radiation pattern of the antenna can be improved, enabling the antenna to have better resistance to environmental influence and maintain good performance in a complex environment.

[0053] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0055] To more fully understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be made in conjunction with the drawings, where the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.

[0056] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0057] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0058] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-frequency radiation element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-frequency radiation element provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a floor provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] Figure 6 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a high-frequency substrate provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] Figure 7It is the second schematic structural diagram of the high-frequency substrate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] Figure 8 It is the first schematic structural diagram of the low-frequency substrate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] Figure 9 It is the second schematic structural diagram of the low-frequency substrate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0065] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0066] 1, ground plane; 11, high-frequency feeding point; 12, low-frequency feeding point; 13, dielectric substrate; 14, cladding;

[0067] 2, high-frequency radiator; 21, high-frequency support; 211, high-frequency substrate; 22, high-frequency radiator body; 221, high-frequency feeding branch; 222, high-frequency radiation branch; 2221, third end; 223, high-frequency grounding branch; 224, high-frequency loading branch; 2241, first end; 2242, second end;

[0068] 3, low-frequency radiator; 31, low-frequency support; 311, low-frequency substrate; 32, low-frequency radiator body; 321, low-frequency feeding branch; 322, low-frequency radiation branch; 3221, sixth end; 323, low-frequency grounding branch; 324, low-frequency loading branch; 3241, fourth end; 3242, fifth end. Detailed implementation manners

[0069] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , the present application provides an antenna. The antenna includes a ground plane 1 and a radiation mechanism. The ground plane 1 is provided with at least two feeding points. The radiation mechanism is disposed on the ground plane 1. The radiation mechanism has at least two feeding branches. Each feeding branch is electrically connected to a feeding point respectively.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, by providing at least two feeding points on the ground plane 1 and at least two feeding branches on the radiation mechanism, each feeding branch corresponds to a feeding point, thereby forming an antenna structure with a separated radiator. Thus, the influence of the surrounding environment on the axial ratio and radiation pattern of the antenna can be improved, enabling the antenna to have better resistance to environmental influence and maintain good performance in a complex environment.

[0072] For example, four feeding points are constructed on the floor 1, and correspondingly, the radiation mechanism has four feeding branches. The four feeding branches correspond to the four feeding points one by one, thereby forming an antenna structure of a separated radiator. Thus, the influence of the surrounding environment on the axial ratio and radiation pattern of the antenna can be improved, enabling the antenna to have better resistance to environmental influence and maintain good performance in a complex environment.

[0073] The floor 1 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), which is a circuit board used for grounding in the antenna.

[0074] The radiation mechanism is used to receive radiation signals and achieve communication.

[0075] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the radiation mechanism includes a high-frequency radiator 2 and a low-frequency radiator 3 arranged at intervals. At least two feeding branches include a high-frequency feeding branch 221 and a low-frequency feeding branch 321. The high-frequency feeding branch 221 is arranged on the high-frequency radiator 2. The low-frequency feeding branch 321 is arranged on the low-frequency radiator 3.

[0076] It can be understood that the high-frequency radiator 2 is used to receive high-frequency signals. The low-frequency radiator 3 is used to receive low-frequency signals. The high-frequency radiator 2 and the low-frequency radiator 3 are arranged at intervals to reduce the mutual interference between them.

[0077] In some embodiments, the high-frequency radiator 2 includes a high-frequency support 21 and a high-frequency radiator body 22. The high-frequency support 21 is connected to the floor 1. The high-frequency radiator body 22 is arranged on one side of the high-frequency support 21 facing the low-frequency radiator 3. Or, the high-frequency radiator body 22 is arranged on one side of the high-frequency support 21 facing away from the low-frequency radiator 3.

[0078] It can be understood that by fixing the high-frequency support 21 to the floor 1 and arranging the high-frequency radiator body 22 on the high-frequency support 21, the high-frequency radiator body 22 can be arranged at a certain height position, which is convenient for signal structure and reduces interference.

[0079] Such as Figure 1 As described, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiator body 22 is arranged on one side of the high-frequency support 21 facing the low-frequency radiator 3.

[0080] Such as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiator body 22 is arranged on one side of the high-frequency support 21 facing away from the low-frequency radiator 3.

[0081] Among them, the high-frequency radiator body 22 is only arranged on one side of the high-frequency support 21, and the high-frequency radiator body 22 is used to receive high-frequency signals.

[0082] Such as Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency support 21 includes four high-frequency substrates 211 connected end to end. The four high-frequency substrates 211 enclose a high-frequency support 21 in a square frame structure. Among them, each high-frequency substrate 211 is provided with a high-frequency radiator 22.

[0083] Based on the connection of four high-frequency substrates 211 connected end to end to form a high-frequency support 21 in a square frame structure, the high-frequency support 21 has high symmetry. Thus, the antenna can form left-handed circular polarization characteristics or right-handed circular polarization characteristics.

[0084] Among them, the routing patterns of the high-frequency radiators 22 on each high-frequency support 21 are exactly the same.

[0085] In some embodiments, the ground plane 1 is also set to be square, so that the ground plane 1 also has high symmetry. Among them, the center point of the ground plane 1 coincides with the center point of the high-frequency support 21 in the square frame structure.

[0086] As Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, at least two feeding points include a high-frequency feeding point 11 constructed on the ground plane 1. The high-frequency radiator 22 includes a high-frequency feeding branch 221 and a high-frequency radiation branch 222. The high-frequency feeding branch 221 is electrically connected to the high-frequency feeding point 11. The high-frequency radiation branch 222 is electrically connected to one end of the high-frequency feeding branch 221 far from the high-frequency feeding point 11.

[0087] It can be understood that the high-frequency radiation branch 222 is used to realize the radiation of high-frequency signals. The high-frequency feeding branch 221 and the high-frequency radiation branch 222 cooperate with each other to form the first high-frequency common-mode resonance point of the antenna.

[0088] Among them, the high-frequency radiation branch 222 is perpendicularly connected to the high-frequency feeding branch 221.

[0089] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the high-frequency feeding branch 221 is perpendicular to the ground plane 1. The length of the high-frequency feeding branch 221 is L1, satisfying: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 12 mm.

[0090] It can be understood that when the length L1 of the high-frequency feeding branch 221 is greater than 12 mm, the height of the high-frequency substrate 211 will be too high, which is not conducive to the miniaturization, lightweight and integration design of the antenna. When the length L1 of the high-frequency feeding branch 221 is less than 10 mm, the distance between the high-frequency feeding branch 221 and the high-frequency radiation branch 222 and the ground plane 1 will be too small, resulting in a larger coupling with the ground plane 1, more discrete impedance and narrower bandwidth.

[0091] For example, the length L1 of the high-frequency feeding stub 221 can be set to 10 millimeters, 11 millimeters, 12 millimeters, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the length L1 of the high-frequency feeding stub 221.

[0092] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is parallel to the floor 1. The length of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is L2, satisfying: 22 millimeters ≤ L2 ≤ 27 millimeters.

[0093] It can be understood that the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is used to receive high-frequency radiation, and the length of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 will affect the received signal frequency. The longer the length of the high-frequency radiation stub 222, the lower the frequency band that can be received. The shorter the length of the high-frequency radiation stub 222, the higher the frequency band that can be received. When the length L2 of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is greater than 27 millimeters or less than 22 millimeters, it will cause the high-frequency radiation stub 222 to be unable to cover the frequency band of 1550 MHz to 1605 MHz (megahertz), and thus unable to cover the high-frequency part of the GNSS global frequency band.

[0094] For example, the length L2 of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be set to 22 millimeters, 25 millimeters, 27 millimeters, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the length L2 of the high-frequency radiation stub 222.

[0095] As Figure 6 shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiator 22 further includes a high-frequency grounding stub 223. One end of the high-frequency grounding stub 223 is electrically connected to the floor 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation stub 222.

[0096] It can be understood that the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency radiation stub 222 cooperate with each other to form the second high-frequency common-mode resonance point of the antenna.

[0097] Thus, two high-frequency common-mode resonance points can be formed based on the cooperation of the high-frequency feeding stub 221, the high-frequency grounding stub 223, and the high-frequency radiation stub 222, forming a dual common-mode radiation pattern. It can effectively expand the operating impedance bandwidth of the antenna and cover the high-frequency part of the GNSS global frequency band without complex design.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the high-frequency grounding stub 223 is perpendicular to the floor 1. The length of the high-frequency grounding stub 223 is L3, satisfying: 10 millimeters ≤ L3 ≤ 12 millimeters.

[0099] It can be understood that the high-frequency grounding stub 223 is arranged in parallel with the high-frequency feeding stub 221. On the one hand, the high-frequency grounding stub 223 needs to achieve grounding, and on the other hand, it needs to be electrically connected to the high-frequency feeding stub 221. Then, the length of the high-frequency grounding stub 223 needs to be equal to the length of the high-frequency feeding stub 221.

[0100] For example, the length L3 of the high-frequency grounding stub 223 can be set to 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the length L3 of the high-frequency grounding stub 223.

[0101] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in some embodiments, the distance between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency feeding stub 221 is X1, satisfying: 5.5 mm ≤ X1 ≤ 7.5 mm.

[0102] The distance X1 between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency feeding stub 221 can be used to adjust the high-frequency band of the antenna and the impedance of the antenna. When the distance X1 between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency feeding stub 221 is less than 5.5 mm or greater than 7.5 mm, it will cause the antenna to be unable to cover the high-frequency part of the GNSS global band.

[0103] For example, the distance X1 between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency feeding stub 221 can be set to 5.5 mm, 6.5 mm, 7.5 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the distance X1 between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the high-frequency feeding stub 221.

[0104] As Figure 6 shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency radiator 22 further includes a high-frequency loading stub 224. The high-frequency loading stub 224 is arranged in parallel with the high-frequency radiation stub 222. The high-frequency loading stub 224 is located at a position of the high-frequency substrate 211 away from the floor 1.

[0105] The high-frequency loading stub 224 can form a single differential-mode radiation pattern, which can effectively improve the radiation gain of the antenna in the zenith direction, thereby improving the overall high-frequency gain of the antenna and better receiving GNSS signals.

[0106] Based on the fact that the high-frequency loading stub 224 is located at a position of the high-frequency substrate 211 away from the floor 1, the high-frequency loading stub 224 is located above the high-frequency radiation stub 222. Thus, the single differential-mode radiation pattern of the high-frequency loading stub 224 can be coupled and excited to achieve the improvement of the antenna gain.

[0107] Among them, the high-frequency loading stub 224 is independently and suspendedly arranged and is not electrically connected to the other stubs.

[0108] Please refer toFigure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the high-frequency loading stub 224 is parallel to the floor 1. The length of the high-frequency loading stub 224 is L4, satisfying: 46 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 50 mm.

[0109] When the length L4 of the high-frequency loading stub 224 is greater than 50 mm, it may cause the high-frequency loading stub 224 to exceed the high-frequency grounding stub 223 in the length direction. At this time, the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency grounding stub 223 will couple out reverse current, resulting in poor radiation performance. When the length L4 of the high-frequency loading stub 224 is greater than 50 mm, it may also cause the distance between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the edge of the high-frequency substrate 211 to be too small, causing interference and deviation in the radiation of adjacent two high-frequency substrates 211.

[0110] When the length L4 of the high-frequency loading stub 224 is less than 46 mm, it may cause the high-frequency loading stub 224 not to extend to the position corresponding to the high-frequency radiation stub 222 in the length direction, and then the high-frequency loading stub 224 will not be able to achieve its own function.

[0111] For example, the length L4 of the high-frequency loading stub 224 can be set to 46 mm, 48 mm, 50 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the length L4 of the high-frequency loading stub 224.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the opposite ends of the high-frequency loading stub 224 in the length direction are a first end 2241 and a second end 2242 respectively. The high-frequency radiation stub 222 has a third end 2221 away from the high-frequency feeding stub 221. In the projection along the height direction of the high-frequency substrate 211, the first end 2241 is located between the high-frequency grounding stub 223 and the third end 2221. The distance between the second end 2242 and the edge of the high-frequency substrate 211 is X2. Satisfying: X2 ≥ 4 mm.

[0113] If the projection of the first end 2241 exceeds the projection of the high-frequency grounding stub 223, the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency grounding stub 223 will couple out reverse current, resulting in poor radiation performance.

[0114] If the projection of the first end 2241 does not exceed the projection of the third end 2221, the high-frequency loading stub 224 will not be able to achieve its own function.

[0115] If the distance X2 between the second end 2242 and the edge of the high-frequency substrate 211 is less than 4 mm, it will cause the distance between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the edge of the high-frequency substrate 211 to be too small, causing interference and deviation in the radiation of adjacent two high-frequency substrates 211.

[0116] In some embodiments, the spacing between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is X3. It satisfies: 1 mm ≤ X3 ≤ 2 mm.

[0117] When the spacing X3 between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency radiation is less than 1 mm, it will cause impedance deterioration, resulting in frequency shift of the antenna. When the spacing X3 between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency radiation is greater than 2 mm, it will cause less coupled energy, resulting in lower antenna gain.

[0118] For example, the spacing X3 between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency radiation can be set to 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the spacing X3 between the high-frequency loading stub 224 and the high-frequency radiation.

[0119] As Figure 3 shown, in some embodiments, four high-frequency feeding points 11 are arranged on the ground plane 1. Each high-frequency feeding point 11 corresponds to a high-frequency feeding stub 221. Among them, the four high-frequency feeding points 11 are centrosymmetrically distributed along the center point of the ground plane 1.

[0120] Based on the fact that the four high-frequency feeding points 11 are centrosymmetrically distributed along the center point of the ground plane 1, the angular spacing of the four high-frequency feeding points 11 on the corresponding circumference is 90 degrees. Based on the distribution of the four high-frequency feeding points 11 and the equal-amplitude feeding of the four high-frequency feeding points 11, the high-frequency radiator 2 forms a left-handed circular polarization characteristic or a right-handed circular polarization characteristic. Thus, the high-frequency radiator 2 can have high flexibility and reliability when facing different directions and different polarization signals. At the same time, it can also improve the antenna gain and efficiency, reduce the test distance and design difficulty, and improve the communication and navigation performance.

[0121] In some embodiments, a first power divider phase shifter is arranged on the ground plane 1. The four high-frequency feeding points 11 are all electrically connected to the first power divider phase shifter, which is used to make the four high-frequency feeding points 11 feed with equal amplitude.

[0122] It can be understood that the first power divider phase shifter can ensure that each high-frequency feeding point 11 feeds with equal amplitude, so that the antenna can form a left-handed circular polarization characteristic or a right-handed circular polarization characteristic.

[0123] For example, the four high-frequency feeding points 11 are respectively the high-frequency feeding point at the first position, the high-frequency feeding point at the second position, the high-frequency feeding point at the third position, and the high-frequency feeding point at the fourth position.

[0124] When the phases of the high-frequency feeding points at the first position, the second position, the third position, and the fourth position increase by 90 degrees in sequence in the clockwise direction, and the four high-frequency feeding points 11 feed the four high-frequency substrates 211 with equal amplitude, then a right-handed circular polarization radiation can be formed and meet the requirements of the GNSS system. For example, the phases corresponding to the first high-frequency feeding point 11, the second high-frequency feeding point 11, the third high-frequency feeding point 11, and the fourth high-frequency feeding point 11 are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively. For example, the phases corresponding to the first high-frequency feeding point 11, the second high-frequency feeding point 11, the third high-frequency feeding point 11, and the fourth high-frequency feeding point 11 are X°, (x + 90)°, (x + 180)°, and (x + 270)° respectively.

[0125] When the phases of the high-frequency feeding points at the first position, the second position, the third position, and the fourth position increase by 90 degrees in sequence in the counterclockwise direction, and the four high-frequency feeding points 11 feed the four high-frequency substrates 211 with equal amplitude, then a left-handed circular polarization radiation can be formed and meet the requirements of the GNSS system. For example, the phases corresponding to the first high-frequency feeding point 11, the second high-frequency feeding point 11, the third high-frequency feeding point 11, and the fourth high-frequency feeding point 11 are 0°, 270°, 180°, and 90° respectively. For example, the phases corresponding to the first high-frequency feeding point 11, the second high-frequency feeding point 11, the third high-frequency feeding point 11, and the fourth high-frequency feeding point 11 are X°, (x - 90)°, (x - 180)°, and (x - 270)° respectively.

[0126] Wherein, each high-frequency feeding point 11 corresponds to each high-frequency feeding branch 221, then the four high-frequency substrates 211 can also be centrosymmetrically distributed along the center point of the floor 1. Thus, the phase difference between every two adjacent high-frequency substrates 211 is also 90 degrees.

[0127] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiator 3 includes a low-frequency bracket 31 and a low-frequency radiator body 32. The low-frequency bracket 31 is connected to the floor 1. The low-frequency bracket 31 is spaced from the high-frequency bracket 21. The low-frequency radiator body 32 is disposed on a side of the low-frequency bracket 31 facing the high-frequency bracket 21. Alternatively, the low-frequency radiator body 32 is disposed on a side of the low-frequency bracket 31 facing away from the high-frequency bracket 21.

[0128] It can be understood that by fixing the low-frequency bracket 31 to the floor 1 and disposing the low-frequency radiator body 32 on the low-frequency bracket 31, the low-frequency radiator body 32 can be disposed at a certain height position, facilitating the signal structure and reducing interference.

[0129] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiator body 32 is disposed on a side of the low-frequency bracket 31 facing the high-frequency bracket 21.

[0130] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiator 32 is disposed on a side of the low-frequency support 31 facing away from the high-frequency support 21.

[0131] Among them, the low-frequency radiator 32 is disposed only on one side of the low-frequency support 31 to receive low-frequency signals by means of the low-frequency radiator 32.

[0132] As Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency support 31 includes four low-frequency substrates 311 connected end to end. The four low-frequency substrates 311 enclose a low-frequency support 31 in a square frame structure. Among them, each low-frequency substrate 311 is provided with a low-frequency radiator 32.

[0133] Based on the four low-frequency substrates 311 connected end to end to form a low-frequency support 31 in a square frame structure, the low-frequency support 31 has high symmetry. Thus, the antenna can form left-handed circular polarization characteristics or right-handed circular polarization characteristics.

[0134] Among them, the routing patterns of the low-frequency radiators 32 on each low-frequency support 31 are exactly the same.

[0135] In some embodiments, the ground plane 1 is also set to be square so that the ground plane 1 also has high symmetry. Among them, the center point of the ground plane 1 coincides with the center point of the low-frequency support 31 in the square frame structure.

[0136] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, at least two feeding points include a low-frequency feeding point 12 constructed on the ground plane 1. The low-frequency radiator 32 includes a low-frequency feeding stub 321 and a low-frequency radiation stub 322. The low-frequency feeding stub 321 is electrically connected to the low-frequency feeding point 12. The low-frequency radiation stub 322 is electrically connected to one end of the low-frequency feeding stub 321 away from the low-frequency feeding point 12.

[0137] It can be understood that the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is used to realize the radiation of low-frequency signals. The low-frequency feeding stub 321 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322 cooperate with each other to form the first low-frequency common-mode resonance point of the antenna.

[0138] Among them, the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is perpendicularly connected to the low-frequency feeding stub 321.

[0139] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is perpendicular to the ground plane 1. The length of the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is L5, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L5 ≤ 7 mm.

[0140] It can be understood that when the length L5 of the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is greater than 7 mm, the height of the low-frequency substrate 311 will be too high, which is not conducive to the miniaturization, light weight and integrated design of the antenna. When the length L5 of the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is less than 5 mm, the distance between the low-frequency feeding stub 321 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322 and the ground plane 1 will be too small, resulting in a larger coupling with the ground plane 1, more discrete impedance and a narrower bandwidth.

[0141] For example, the length L5 of the low-frequency feeding stub 321 can be set to 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, or any value between any two of them. The present application does not limit the length L5 of the low-frequency feeding stub 321.

[0142] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is parallel to the ground plane 1. The length of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is L6, satisfying: 27 mm ≤ L6 ≤ 33 mm.

[0143] It can be understood that the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is used to receive low-frequency radiation, and the length of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 will affect the received signal frequency. The longer the length of the low-frequency radiation stub 322, the lower the frequency band that can be received. The shorter the length of the low-frequency radiation stub 322, the higher the frequency band that can be received. When the length L6 of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is greater than 33 mm or less than 27 mm, the low-frequency radiation stub 322 cannot cover the frequency band of 1166 MHz to 1296 MHz, and thus cannot cover the low-frequency part of the GNSS global frequency band.

[0144] For example, the length L6 of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 can be set to 27 mm, 30 mm, 33 mm, or any value between any two of them. The present application does not limit the length L6 of the low-frequency radiation stub 322.

[0145] As Figure 8 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiator 32 further includes a low-frequency grounding stub 323. One end of the low-frequency grounding stub 323 is electrically connected to the ground plane 1, and the other end is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation stub 322.

[0146] The low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322 can cooperate to form the second low-frequency common-mode resonance point of the antenna.

[0147] Thus, two low-frequency common-mode resonance points can be formed based on the cooperation of the low-frequency feeding stub 321, the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322, forming a dual common-mode radiation pattern. It can effectively expand the working impedance bandwidth of the antenna and cover the low-frequency part of the GNSS global frequency band without complex design.

[0148] Please refer toFigure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the low-frequency grounding stub 323 is perpendicular to the floor 1. The length of the low-frequency grounding stub 323 is L7, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L7 ≤ 7 mm.

[0149] It can be understood that the low-frequency grounding stub 323 is arranged in parallel with the low-frequency feeding stub 321. On the one hand, the low-frequency grounding stub 323 needs to achieve grounding, and on the other hand, it needs to be electrically connected to the low-frequency feeding stub 321. Then the length of the low-frequency grounding stub 323 needs to be equal to the length of the low-frequency feeding stub 321.

[0150] For example, the length L7 of the low-frequency grounding stub 323 can be set to 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the length L7 of the low-frequency grounding stub 323.

[0151] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 In some embodiments, the distance between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is X4, satisfying: 3.5 mm ≤ X4 ≤ 5.5 mm.

[0152] The distance X4 between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency feeding stub 321 can be used to adjust the low-frequency band of the antenna and the impedance of the antenna. When the distance X4 between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency feeding stub 321 is less than 3.5 mm or greater than 5.5 mm, it will cause the antenna to be unable to cover the low-frequency part of the GNSS global band.

[0153] For example, the distance X4 between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency feeding stub 321 can be set to 3.5 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.5 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the distance X4 between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the low-frequency feeding stub 321.

[0154] As Figure 8 shown, in some embodiments, the low-frequency radiator 32 further includes a low-frequency loading stub 324. The low-frequency loading stub 324 is arranged in parallel with the low-frequency radiation stub 322. The low-frequency loading stub 324 is located at a position of the low-frequency substrate 311 away from the floor 1.

[0155] The low-frequency loading stub 324 can form a single differential-mode radiation pattern, which can effectively improve the radiation gain of the antenna in the zenith direction, thereby improving the overall low-frequency gain of the antenna and better receiving GNSS signals.

[0156] Since the low-frequency loading stub 324 is located at a position on the low-frequency substrate 311 away from the ground plane 1, the low-frequency loading stub 324 is located above the low-frequency radiating stub 322. Thus, a single differential-mode radiation pattern of the low-frequency loading stub 324 can be coupled and excited to improve the antenna gain.

[0157] Among them, the low-frequency loading stub 324 is independently and suspendedly arranged without forming an electrical connection with the other stubs.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the low-frequency loading stub 324 is parallel to the ground plane 1. The length of the low-frequency loading stub 324 is L8, satisfying: 68 mm ≤ L8 ≤ 77 mm.

[0159] When the length L8 of the low-frequency loading stub 324 is greater than 77 mm, it may cause the low-frequency loading stub 324 to exceed the low-frequency grounding stub 323 in the length direction. At this time, the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency grounding stub 323 will couple out reverse currents, resulting in poor radiation performance. When the length L8 of the low-frequency loading stub 324 is greater than 77 mm, it may also cause the distance between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the edge of the low-frequency substrate 311 to be too small, resulting in interference and deviation in the radiation of two adjacent low-frequency substrates 311.

[0160] When the length L8 of the low-frequency loading stub 324 is less than 68 mm, it may cause the low-frequency loading stub 324 not to extend to the position corresponding to the low-frequency radiating stub 322 in the length direction, and then the low-frequency loading stub 324 will not be able to achieve its own function.

[0161] For example, the length L8 of the low-frequency loading stub 324 can be set to 68 mm, 70 mm, 72 mm, or any value between any two of them. The present application does not limit the length L8 of the low-frequency loading stub 324.

[0162] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the two opposite ends of the low-frequency loading stub 324 in the length direction are a fourth end 3241 and a fifth end 3242 respectively. The low-frequency radiating stub 322 has a sixth end 3221 away from the low-frequency feeding stub 321. In the projection along the height direction of the low-frequency substrate 311, the fourth end 3241 is located between the low-frequency grounding stub 323 and the sixth end 3221. The distance between the fifth end 3242 and the edge of the low-frequency substrate 311 is X5, satisfying: X5 ≥ 4 mm.

[0163] If the projection of the fourth end 3241 exceeds the projection of the low-frequency grounding stub 323, the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency grounding stub 323 will couple out reverse currents, resulting in poor radiation performance.

[0164] If the projection of the fourth end 3241 does not extend beyond the projection of the sixth end 3221, the low-frequency loading stub 324 will not be able to perform its function.

[0165] If the distance X5 between the fifth end 3242 and the board edge of the low-frequency substrate 311 is less than 4 mm, the distance between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the edge of the low-frequency substrate 311 will be too small, causing interference and deviation in the radiation of adjacent low-frequency substrates 311.

[0166] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , in some embodiments, the distance between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is X6, satisfying: 1 mm ≤ X6 ≤ 2 mm.

[0167] When the distance X6 between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency radiation is less than 1 mm, it will cause impedance deterioration, resulting in frequency deviation of the antenna. When the distance X6 between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency radiation is greater than 2 mm, it will cause less coupling energy, resulting in a lower antenna gain.

[0168] For example, the distance X6 between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency radiation can be set to 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, or any value between any two of them. This application does not limit the distance X6 between the low-frequency loading stub 324 and the low-frequency radiation.

[0169] Such as Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, four low-frequency feeding points 12 are provided on the ground plane 1. Each low-frequency feeding point 12 corresponds to a low-frequency feeding stub 321. Among them, the four low-frequency feeding points 12 are centrally symmetrically distributed along the center point of the ground plane 1.

[0170] Based on the central symmetry of the four low-frequency feeding points 12 along the center point of the ground plane 1, the angular spacing of the four low-frequency feeding points 12 on the corresponding circumference is 90 degrees. Based on the distribution of the four low-frequency feeding points 12 and the equal-amplitude feeding of the four low-frequency feeding points 12, the low-frequency radiator 3 forms a left-handed circular polarization characteristic or a right-handed circular polarization characteristic. Thus, the low-frequency radiator 3 can have high flexibility and reliability when facing different directions and different polarization signals. At the same time, it can also improve the antenna gain and efficiency, reduce the test distance and design difficulty, and improve the communication and navigation performance.

[0171] In some embodiments, a second power divider phase shifter is provided on the ground plane 1. The four low-frequency feeding points 12 are all electrically connected to the second power divider phase shifter for equal-amplitude feeding of the four low-frequency feeding points 12.

[0172] It can be understood that the second power divider phase shifter can ensure equal-amplitude feeding at each low-frequency feeding point 12, enabling the antenna to form left-handed circular polarization characteristics or right-handed circular polarization characteristics.

[0173] The four low-frequency feeding points 12 are respectively the low-frequency feeding point at the first position, the low-frequency feeding point at the second position, the low-frequency feeding point at the third position, and the low-frequency feeding point at the fourth position.

[0174] When the phases of the low-frequency feeding point at the first position, the low-frequency feeding point at the second position, the low-frequency feeding point at the third position, and the low-frequency feeding point at the fourth position increase by 90 degrees in sequence along the clockwise direction, and the four low-frequency feeding points 12 feed the four low-frequency substrates 311 with equal amplitude, then right-handed circular polarization radiation can be formed and meet the requirements of the GNSS system. For example, the phases corresponding to the first low-frequency feeding point 12, the second low-frequency feeding point 12, the third low-frequency feeding point 12, and the fourth low-frequency feeding point 12 are 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively. For example, the phases corresponding to the first low-frequency feeding point 12, the second low-frequency feeding point 12, the third low-frequency feeding point 12, and the fourth low-frequency feeding point 12 are X°, (x + 90)°, (x + 180)°, and (x + 270)° respectively.

[0175] When the phases of the low-frequency feeding point at the first position, the low-frequency feeding point at the second position, the low-frequency feeding point at the third position, and the low-frequency feeding point at the fourth position increase by 90 degrees in sequence along the counterclockwise direction, and the four low-frequency feeding points 12 feed the four low-frequency substrates 311 with equal amplitude, then left-handed circular polarization radiation can be formed and meet the requirements of the GNSS system. For example, the phases corresponding to the first low-frequency feeding point 12, the second low-frequency feeding point 12, the third low-frequency feeding point 12, and the fourth low-frequency feeding point 12 are 0°, 270°, 180°, and 90° respectively. For example, the phases corresponding to the first low-frequency feeding point 12, the second low-frequency feeding point 12, the third low-frequency feeding point 12, and the fourth low-frequency feeding point 12 are X°, (x - 90)°, (x - 180)°, and (x - 270)° respectively.

[0176] Wherein, each low-frequency feeding point 12 corresponds to each low-frequency feeding branch 321, so that the four low-frequency substrates 311 can also be centrosymmetrically distributed along the center point of the ground plane 1. Thus, the phase difference between every two adjacent low-frequency substrates 311 is also 90 degrees.

[0177] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the height of the high-frequency support 21 is H1. The height of the low-frequency support 31 is H2. Satisfying: H1 > H2.

[0178] Based on the fact that the height H1 of the high-frequency support 21 is greater than the height H2 of the low-frequency support 31, the high-frequency radiation stub 222 on the high-frequency support 21 can be located above the low-frequency radiation stub 322 on the low-frequency support 31. Thereby, the influence of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 on the coupling of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be reduced, and the distortion of the overall radiation pattern of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be minimized.

[0179] Among them, since the operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is low, the influence on it by the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is small, and the overall radiation pattern of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 will not be distorted either.

[0180] Based on the fact that the height H1 of the high-frequency support 21 is greater than the height H2 of the low-frequency support 31, the high-frequency loading stub 224 on the high-frequency support 21 can be located above the low-frequency loading stub 324 on the low-frequency support 31.

[0181] Generally speaking, the height H1 of the high-frequency support 21 is set to 15 mm. The height H2 of the low-frequency support 31 is set to 10 mm. The length of the high-frequency substrate 211 is set to 64 mm. The length of the low-frequency substrate 311 is set to 90 mm. The side length of the floor 1 is set to 100 mm.

[0182] As Figure 7 and Figure 9 shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency support 21 is provided with a high-frequency radiation stub 222. The low-frequency support 31 is provided with a low-frequency radiation stub 322. Both the high-frequency radiation stub 222 and the low-frequency radiation stub 322 are parallel to the floor 1. The distance between the high-frequency radiation stub 222 and the floor 1 is D1. The distance between the low-frequency radiation stub 322 and the floor 1 is D2. Satisfy: D1 > D2.

[0183] Based on the fact that the distance D1 between the high-frequency radiation stub 222 and the floor 1 is greater than the distance D2 between the low-frequency radiation stub 322 and the floor 1, the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be located above the low-frequency radiation stub 322. Thereby, the influence of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 on the coupling of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be reduced, and the distortion of the overall radiation pattern of the high-frequency radiation stub 222 can be minimized.

[0184] Among them, since the operating frequency band of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 is low, the influence on it by the high-frequency radiation stub 222 is small, and the overall radiation pattern of the low-frequency radiation stub 322 will not be distorted either.

[0185] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments, the high-frequency support 21 is located within the area enclosed by the low-frequency support 31. Among them, the distance between the high-frequency support 21 and the low-frequency support 31 is D3. Satisfy: 11 mm ≤ D3 ≤ 15 mm.

[0186] It is understandable that, since the height H1 of the high-frequency bracket 21 is greater than the height H2 of the low-frequency bracket 31, the high-frequency bracket 21 is arranged in the area enclosed by the low-frequency bracket 31, which can reduce the interference of the high-frequency bracket 21 on the low-frequency bracket 31. The distance D3 between the high-frequency bracket 21 and the low-frequency bracket 31 is controlled within the range of 11 mm to 15 mm, which can ensure the isolation effect between the high-frequency bracket 21 and the low-frequency bracket 31, and is conducive to the small size design of the antenna, preventing the antenna from being too large and unfavorable for its installation.

[0187] When the distance D3 between the high-frequency bracket 21 and the low-frequency bracket 31 is less than 11 mm, the isolation effect between the high-frequency bracket 21 and the low-frequency bracket 31 is poor, and the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal may interfere with each other, which is not conducive to the structure of the signal. When the distance D3 between the high-frequency bracket 21 and the low-frequency bracket 31 is greater than 15 mm, the overall size of the antenna will be larger, resulting in the antenna requiring a larger installation position, which is not conducive to the installation of the antenna.

[0188] The spacing D3 between the high frequency bracket 21 and the low frequency bracket 31 can be set to 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm or 15 mm, or any value therebetween. The spacing D3 between the high frequency bracket 21 and the low frequency bracket 31 is not limited in this application.

[0189] In some embodiments, the floor 1 includes a dielectric substrate 13 and a covering layer 14. The covering layer 14 covers the surface of the dielectric substrate 13.

[0190] In some embodiments, the coating 14 only covers the surface of the dielectric substrate 13 on one side where the high-frequency radiation element 2 and the low-frequency radiation element 3 are constructed. Alternatively, the coating 14 may cover the surface of each side of the dielectric substrate 13 .

[0191] The dielectric substrate 13 may be made of FR4 material (Flame-Retardant). The coating 14 may be a metal coating 14, such as copper. Based on the selection of the dielectric substrate 13 and the coating 14 materials, it is not necessary to use expensive materials such as ceramics, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.

[0192] The high frequency substrate 211 and the low frequency substrate 311 can be made of plastic materials such as PC (Polycarbonate) and ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene). Based on the material selection of the high frequency substrate 211 and the low frequency substrate 311, the cost of the antenna can also be reduced.

[0193] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes the antenna in the above embodiments. The electronic device has all the beneficial effects of the above antenna, which will not be elaborated herein again.

[0194] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes the electronic device in the above embodiments. The vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the above electronic device, which will not be elaborated herein again.

[0195] The vehicle may be a fuel vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, a new energy vehicle, etc., and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0196] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0197] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0198] Among the embodiments, implementation manners and related technical features of the present application, they can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0199] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and do not impose any form of limitation on the present application. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that, Comprising: A floor provided with at least two feeding points; A radiation mechanism disposed on the floor, the radiation mechanism having at least two feeding branches, each of the feeding branches being electrically connected to one of the feeding points.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The radiation mechanism includes a high-frequency radiation element and a low-frequency radiation element arranged at intervals. The at least two feeding branches include a high-frequency feeding branch and a low-frequency feeding branch. The high-frequency feeding branch is disposed on the high-frequency radiation element, and the low-frequency feeding branch is disposed on the low-frequency radiation element.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The high-frequency radiation element includes: A high-frequency support connected to the floor; A high-frequency radiator disposed on one side of the high-frequency support facing the low-frequency radiation element, or disposed on one side of the high-frequency support facing away from the low-frequency radiation element.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein The high-frequency support includes four high-frequency substrates connected end to end. The four high-frequency substrates enclose a high-frequency support in a square frame structure. Among them, each high-frequency substrate is provided with the high-frequency radiator.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, wherein The at least two feeding points include a high-frequency feeding point constructed on the floor. The high-frequency radiator includes a high-frequency radiation branch and the high-frequency feeding branch. Among them, the high-frequency feeding branch is electrically connected to the high-frequency feeding point, and the high-frequency radiation branch is electrically connected to one end of the high-frequency feeding branch away from the high-frequency feeding point.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The high-frequency feeding branch is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency feeding branch is L1, satisfying: 10 mm ≤ L1 ≤ 12 mm.

7. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The high-frequency radiation branch is parallel to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency radiation branch is L2, satisfying: 22 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 27 mm.

8. The antenna according to claim 5, wherein The high-frequency radiator further includes: A high-frequency grounding branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the floor and the other end of which is electrically connected to the high-frequency radiation branch.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The high-frequency grounding branch is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the high-frequency grounding branch is L3, satisfying: 10 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 12 mm.

10. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The distance between the high-frequency grounding branch and the high-frequency feeding branch is X1, satisfying: 5.5 mm ≤ X1 ≤ 7.5 mm.

11. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein The high-frequency radiator further includes: A high-frequency loading branch arranged in parallel with the high-frequency radiation branch, and the high-frequency loading branch is located at a position of the high-frequency substrate away from the floor.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that, The length of the high-frequency loading branch is L4, satisfying: 46 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 50 mm.

13. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein The two opposite ends of the high-frequency loading branch in the length direction are respectively a first end and a second end. The high-frequency radiation branch has a third end away from the high-frequency feeding branch. In the projection along the height direction of the high-frequency substrate, the first end is located between the high-frequency grounding branch and the third end, and the distance between the second end and the board edge of the high-frequency substrate is X2, satisfying: X2 ≥ 4 mm.

14. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein, The distance between the high-frequency loading branch and the high-frequency radiation branch is X3, satisfying: 1 mm ≤ X3 ≤ 2 mm.

15. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, Four high-frequency feeding points are provided on the floor, and each high-frequency feeding point corresponds to one high-frequency feeding branch. Among them, the four high-frequency feeding points are centrally symmetrically distributed along the center point of the floor.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that, A first power divider phase shifter is disposed on the floor, and the four high-frequency feeding points are all electrically connected to the first power divider phase shifter for equal-amplitude feeding of the four high-frequency feeding points.

17. The antenna according to any one of claims 3-16, characterized in that, The low-frequency radiator includes: A low-frequency bracket connected to the floor, and the low-frequency bracket is disposed at an interval from the high-frequency bracket; A low-frequency radiator disposed on one side of the low-frequency bracket facing the high-frequency bracket or on one side of the low-frequency bracket facing away from the high-frequency bracket.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, wherein, The low-frequency bracket includes four low-frequency substrates connected end to end, and the four low-frequency substrates enclose a low-frequency bracket in a square frame structure. Among them, each low-frequency substrate is provided with the low-frequency radiator.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, characterized in that, The at least two feeding points include low-frequency feeding points formed on the floor. The low-frequency radiator includes low-frequency radiation branches and low-frequency feeding branches. Among them, the low-frequency feeding branches are electrically connected to the low-frequency feeding points, and the low-frequency radiation branches are electrically connected to one end of the low-frequency feeding branches away from the low-frequency feeding points.

20. The antenna according to claim 19, characterized in that, The low-frequency feeding branch is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency feeding branch is L5, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L5 ≤ 7 mm.

21. The antenna according to claim 19, characterized in that, The low-frequency radiation branch is parallel to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency radiation branch is L6, satisfying: 27 mm ≤ L6 ≤ 33 mm.

22. The antenna according to claim 19, characterized in that, The low-frequency radiator further includes: A low-frequency grounding branch, one end of which is electrically connected to the floor and the other end of which is electrically connected to the low-frequency radiation branch.

23. The antenna according to claim 22, characterized in that, The low-frequency grounding branch is perpendicular to the floor, and the length of the low-frequency grounding branch is L7, satisfying: 5 mm ≤ L7 ≤ 7 mm.

24. The antenna according to claim 22, characterized in that, The distance between the low-frequency grounding branch and the low-frequency feeding branch is X4, satisfying: 3.5 mm ≤ X4 ≤ 5.5 mm.

25. The antenna according to claim 22, characterized in that, The low-frequency radiator further includes: A low-frequency loading branch disposed in parallel with the low-frequency radiation branch, and the low-frequency loading branch is located at a position of the low-frequency substrate away from the floor.

26. The antenna according to claim 25, wherein The length of the low-frequency loading branch is L8, satisfying: 68 mm ≤ L8 ≤ 77 mm.

27. The antenna according to claim 25, characterized in that, The opposite ends of the low-frequency loading branch in the length direction are respectively a fourth end and a fifth end. The low-frequency radiation branch has a sixth end away from the low-frequency feeding branch. In the projection along the height direction of the low-frequency substrate, the fourth end is located between the low-frequency grounding branch and the sixth end, and the distance between the fifth end and the board edge of the low-frequency substrate is X5, satisfying: X5 ≥ 4 mm.

28. The antenna according to claim 25, wherein The distance between the low-frequency loading branch and the low-frequency radiation branch is X6, satisfying: 1 mm ≤ X6 ≤ 2 mm.

29. The antenna according to claim 19, wherein, Four low-frequency feeding points are disposed on the floor, and each low-frequency feeding point corresponds to one low-frequency feeding branch. Among them, the four low-frequency feeding points are symmetrically distributed about the center point of the floor.

30. The antenna according to claim 29, wherein A second power divider phase shifter is disposed on the floor, and the four low-frequency feeding points are all electrically connected to the second power divider phase shifter for equal-amplitude feeding of the four low-frequency feeding points.

31. The antenna according to claim 17, wherein The height of the high-frequency bracket is H1, and the height of the low-frequency bracket is H2, satisfying: H1 > H2.

32. The antenna according to claim 31, wherein, The high-frequency support is provided with high-frequency radiation stubs, and the low-frequency support is provided with low-frequency radiation stubs. Both the high-frequency radiation stubs and the low-frequency radiation stubs are parallel to the floor. The distance between the high-frequency radiation stubs and the floor is D1, and the distance between the low-frequency radiation stubs and the floor is D2, satisfying: D1 > D2.

33. The antenna according to claim 32, characterized in that, The high-frequency support is located within the area enclosed by the low-frequency support. Among them, the distance between the high-frequency support and the low-frequency support is D3, satisfying: 11 mm ≤ D3 ≤ 15 mm.

34. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The floor includes: a dielectric substrate; a cladding layer covering the surface of the dielectric substrate.

35. An electronic device, characterized in that, An antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 34.

36. A vehicle, characterized in that, An electronic device according to claim 35.

Images