Photovoltaic automatic cleaning system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic automatic cleaning system, which relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and comprises a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, the upper ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays are all provided with water spray pipes; the collecting end of the rainwater collecting and purifying device is arranged at the lower ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays; the reservoir is connected with the rainwater collecting and purifying device through the first water pump, the reservoir is connected with the first-stage pipeline through the second water pump, and the first-stage pipeline is connected with the multiple water spraying pipes; the system comprises a plurality of foreign matter detection circuits, a main control chip, a first water pump driving circuit and a second water pump driving circuit. Foreign matter and dust on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array can be automatically detected, when the foreign matter and dust reach a certain value, the first water pump and the second water pump are driven to work, and the water spraying pipe sprays water to the upper surface of the photovoltaic array for cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, in particular to a photovoltaic automatic cleaning system. Background Art

[0002] 1. The cleaning methods of photovoltaic modules in traditional power stations are mainly divided into manual cleaning and intelligent robot cleaning.

[0003] Manual cleaning mainly relies on manual operation, through dry cleaning, water washing and operating construction machinery vehicles, etc. The photovoltaic power station on the highway slope is located on the highway slope with a certain angle, and it is relatively difficult for personnel to move and operate. The surrounding environment of the slope is complex, mostly farmland, and there is no road for vehicle movement. Therefore, when using the manual method for cleaning, there are many problems to be solved, the cleaning efficiency is low, the labor cost is high, which greatly increases the operation and maintenance cost.

[0004] Intelligent robots need to operate in a continuous space. The laying of photovoltaic modules on the slope is affected by its environment and shows the characteristics of discontinuity, so it is not suitable to use intelligent robots for cleaning photovoltaic modules either.

[0005] 2. The traditional cleaning methods of photovoltaic modules have high cost, low efficiency and great difficulty, which cannot meet the cleaning requirements of large-scale photovoltaic arrays, resulting in serious power generation loss in photovoltaic power stations.

[0006] 3. Most of the current cleaning methods of photovoltaic modules rely completely or partially on physical labor and have poor autonomy. At present, there is no fully autonomous photovoltaic panel cleaning system put into use. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a photovoltaic automatic cleaning system, which can automatically detect foreign matters and dust on the upper surface of a photovoltaic array. When the foreign matters and dust reach a certain value, the first water pump and the second water pump are driven to work, and the water spray pipe sprays water to clean the upper surface of the photovoltaic array.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] On one hand, an embodiment of the present utility model provides a photovoltaic automatic cleaning system. The automatic cleaning system includes: a plurality of photovoltaic arrays, with water spray pipes arranged at the upper ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays; a rainwater collection and purification device, whose collection end is arranged at the lower ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays; a water storage tank, a first water pump, and a second water pump. The water storage tank is connected to the rainwater collection and purification device through the first water pump, the water storage tank is connected to a primary pipeline through the second water pump, and the primary pipeline is respectively connected to the plurality of water spray pipes; a plurality of foreign object detection circuits, which are used to detect foreign objects on the upper surface of the photovoltaic arrays; a main control chip, a first water pump drive circuit, and a second water pump drive circuit. The main control chip is respectively connected to the foreign object detection circuits, the first water pump drive circuit, and the second water pump drive circuit. The first water pump drive circuit is connected to the first water pump, and the second water pump drive circuit is connected to the second water pump. When the foreign object detection circuit detects that the light intensity is lower than a preset threshold, the main control chip controls the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit to operate, the first water pump and the second water pump operate, and the water spray pipes spray water onto the photovoltaic arrays.

[0010] In some embodiments, the rainwater collection and purification device includes a plurality of rainwater collection tanks corresponding to the number of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays and a sewage purification tank. The photovoltaic arrays are installed obliquely. The water spray pipes are installed on the first side of the photovoltaic arrays, and the rainwater collection tanks are installed on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic arrays. The rainwater collection tanks are connected to the sewage purification tank, and the sewage purification tank is connected to the water storage tank through the first water pump; the first side of the photovoltaic array is the highest side, and the second side of the photovoltaic array is the lowest side.

[0011] In some embodiments, the automatic cleaning system further includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the primary pipeline.

[0012] In some embodiments, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the water spray pipe and the primary pipeline.

[0013] In some embodiments, the foreign object detection circuit includes a light emission circuit, a light reception circuit, a comparison circuit, and a signal amplification circuit. The light reception circuit is used to receive the light intensity. The input end of the comparison circuit is connected to the output end of the light reception circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the signal amplification circuit, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the main control chip.

[0014] In some embodiments, the optical receiving circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and an infrared receiving tube. One end of the first resistor is connected to a first power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the input end of the comparison circuit. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the infrared receiving tube, and the positive electrode of the infrared receiving tube is grounded; the optical transmitting circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and an infrared transmitting tube. The positive electrode of the infrared transmitting tube is connected to the main control chip through the current-limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the infrared transmitting tube is grounded; the infrared transmitting tube is disposed on the first side of the photovoltaic array, and the infrared receiving tube is disposed on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic array.

[0015] In some embodiments, the comparison circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a comparator. One end of the third resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the comparator. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator and one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the output end of the comparator is connected to the input end of the signal amplification circuit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the signal amplification circuit includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a PNP triode. The base of the PNP triode is connected to the output end of the comparator through the sixth resistor. The emitter of the PNP triode is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the eighth resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the main control chip. The collector of the PNP triode is grounded.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit have the same structure. The first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit both include a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an NPN triode, a relay, and a diode. The base of the NPN triode is connected to the main control chip through the tenth resistor, and the base of the NPN triode is grounded through the ninth resistor. The collector of the NPN triode is connected to one end of the coil terminal of the relay and the positive electrode of the diode. The negative electrode of the diode is connected to the other end of the coil terminal of the relay and a second power supply. One end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected to the live wire, and the other end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected to the...

[0018] In some embodiments, the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit further include an optocoupler and an eleventh resistor. The input end of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to a first power supply, the output end of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to the main control chip through the eleventh resistor, the input end of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to a second power supply, and the output end of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to the base of the NPN triode through the tenth resistor.

[0019] A photovoltaic automatic cleaning system according to an embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This application can automatically detect foreign objects and dust on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array. When the foreign objects and dust reach a certain value, the first water pump and the second water pump are driven to work, and the water spray pipe sprays water on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array for cleaning. The water source comes from rainwater, and a rainwater collection and purification device is set up, and the water source can also be recycled. The power supply is the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic itself, which greatly saves energy. It is intelligent, ecological, water-saving, power-saving, and automated, and better solves the problems of post-cleaning of the photovoltaic and ensuring continuous power generation.

[0020] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and do not limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic automatic cleaning system according to the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic automatic cleaning system according to the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the foreign object detection circuit according to the embodiment;

[0025] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the first water pump driving circuit according to the embodiment.

[0026] The reference numerals are explained as follows: 1. Photovoltaic array; 2. Water spray pipe; 3. Reservoir; 4. First water pump; 5. Second water pump; 6. Primary pipeline; 7. Rainwater collection trough; 8. Sewage purification tank; 9. Pressure sensor; 10. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0029] The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations.

[0031] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more complete and comprehensive, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below:

[0033] According to some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present application provides a photovoltaic automatic cleaning system, and the automatic cleaning system includes:

[0034] A plurality of photovoltaic arrays 1, and water spray pipes 2 are provided at the upper ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays 1;

[0035] A rainwater collection and purification device, and the collection end of the rainwater collection and purification device is arranged at the lower ends of the plurality of photovoltaic arrays 1;

[0036] A water storage tank 3, a first water pump 4 and a second water pump 5, the water storage tank 3 is connected to the rainwater collection and purification device through the first water pump 4, the water storage tank 3 is connected to a primary pipeline 6 through the second water pump 5, and the primary pipeline 6 is respectively connected to the plurality of water spray pipes 2;

[0037] A plurality of foreign object detection circuits, and the plurality of foreign object detection circuits are used to detect foreign objects on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1;

[0038] A main control chip, a first water pump drive circuit and a second water pump drive circuit, the main control chip is respectively connected to the foreign object detection circuit, the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit, the first water pump drive circuit is connected to the first water pump 4, and the second water pump drive circuit is connected to the second water pump 5.

[0039] Based on the working principle of the above embodiment, when the foreign object dust on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1 reaches a certain amount, the main control chip detects through the foreign object detection circuit that the light intensity is lower than a preset threshold, and then the main control chip controls the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit to work. The first water pump drive circuit controls the first water pump 4 to work, and the second water pump drive circuit controls the second water pump 5 to work, and the water spray pipe 2 sprays water to clean the photovoltaic array 1.

[0040] Among them, the rainwater collection and purification device is used to collect rainwater and output the rainwater to the water storage tank 3 through the first water pump 4. When cleaning the photovoltaic array 1, the second water pump 5 pumps the water in the water storage tank 3 to the water spray pipe 2. When the water spray pipe 2 sprays water to clean the photovoltaic array 1, the collection end of the rainwater collection and purification device recovers the water that has cleaned the photovoltaic array 1, filters and purifies the recovered water, and then outputs it to the water storage tank 3 through the first water pump 4, waiting to clean the photovoltaic array 1 next time.

[0041] This application can automatically detect foreign object dust on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1. When the foreign object dust reaches a certain value, the first water pump 4 and the second water pump 5 are driven to work, and the water spray pipe 2 sprays water to clean the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1. The water source comes from rainwater, and a rainwater collection and purification device is set up, and the water source can also be recycled. The power source is the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic itself, which saves energy to a great extent, is intelligent, ecological, water-saving, power-saving and automated, and better solves the problems of post-cleaning of the photovoltaic and ensuring continuous power generation.

[0042] The following further elaborates on the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the Figures 1 to 4 drawings of this specification.

[0043] According to some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the rainwater collection and purification device includes a plurality of rainwater collection tanks 7 and sewage purification tanks 8 corresponding to the number of a plurality of photovoltaic arrays 1.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, the photovoltaic array 1 is installed obliquely, a water spray pipe 2 is installed on the first side of the photovoltaic array 1, and a rainwater collection tank 7 is installed on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic array 1.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, the rainwater collection tank 7 is connected to the sewage purification tank 8, and the sewage purification tank 8 is connected to the water storage tank 3 through a first water pump 4.

[0046] Among them, as Figure 2 shown, the first side of the photovoltaic array 1 is the side with the highest height of the photovoltaic array 1, and the second side of the photovoltaic array 1 is the side with the lowest height of the photovoltaic array 1. So as to facilitate the rainwater collection tank 7 to recycle water.

[0047] According to some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the automatic cleaning system further includes a pressure sensor 9, and the pressure sensor 9 is arranged on the primary pipeline 6.

[0048] Among them, the pressure sensor 9 is connected to the main control chip, and the pressure sensor 9 can be used to detect the water pressure in the primary pipeline 6. When the water pressure is too high or too low, the main control chip can control the first water pump 4 and the second water pump 5 through the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit to adjust the pumping force, so as to further adjust the water pressure in the primary pipeline 6.

[0049] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, a solenoid valve 10 is arranged between the water spray pipe 2 and the primary pipeline 6.

[0050] Among them, when it is necessary to clean the photovoltaic array 1, the main control chip controls the solenoid valve 10 to open, and controls the first water pump 4 and the second water pump 5 to work. When it is not necessary to clean the photovoltaic array 1, the main control chip controls the solenoid valve 10 to close, and controls the first water pump 4 and the second water pump 5 to stop working.

[0051] According to some embodiments, the foreign object detection circuit includes a light emission circuit, a light reception circuit, a comparison circuit and a signal amplification circuit. The light reception circuit is used to receive the light intensity. The input end of the comparison circuit is connected to the output end of the light reception circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the signal amplification circuit, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the main control chip.

[0052] According to some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the optical receiving circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and an infrared receiving tube. One end of the first resistor is connected to a first power supply, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the input end of a comparison circuit. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the infrared receiving tube, and the positive electrode of the infrared receiving tube is grounded;

[0053] The optical transmitting circuit includes a current-limiting resistor and an infrared transmitting tube. The positive electrode of the infrared transmitting tube is connected to the main control chip through the current-limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the infrared transmitting tube is grounded;

[0054] The infrared transmitting tube is arranged on the first side of the photovoltaic array 1, and the infrared receiving tube is arranged on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic array 1.

[0055] Based on the working principle of the above embodiment, when there is no foreign object on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1, the infrared signal emitted by the infrared transmitting tube is received by the infrared receiving tube, and the infrared receiving tube conducts. When there is a foreign object on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1, the infrared signal emitted by the infrared transmitting tube is blocked by the foreign object. If the foreign object is a large debris such as a leaf, the infrared receiving tube cannot receive the infrared signal, and the infrared receiving tube is cut off; if the foreign object is dust, the infrared signal received by the infrared receiving tube is weak, and the infrared receiving tube is close to being cut off. The subsequent circuit determines the foreign object situation through the conduction state of the infrared receiving tube, and determines whether to perform a cleaning operation on the photovoltaic array 1 according to the foreign object situation.

[0056] According to some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the comparison circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a comparator. One end of the third resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the inverting input end of the comparator. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input end of the comparator and one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is grounded, and the output end of the comparator is connected to the input end of the signal amplification circuit.

[0057] Further, as Figure 3 shown, the signal amplification circuit includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a PNP triode. The base of the PNP triode is connected to the output end of the comparator through the sixth resistor. The emitter of the PNP triode is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the eighth resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the first power supply, and the other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the main control chip. The collector of the PNP triode is grounded.

[0058] Further, as Figure 4As shown, the structures of the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit are the same. Both the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit include a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an NPN transistor, a relay, and a diode. The base of the NPN transistor is connected to the main control chip through the tenth resistor, and the base of the NPN transistor is grounded through the ninth resistor. The collector of the NPN transistor is connected to one end of the coil terminal of the relay and the positive pole of the diode. The negative pole of the diode is connected to the other end of the coil terminal of the relay and the second power supply. One end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected to the live wire, and the other end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected.

[0059] Based on the working principle of the above embodiment, the main control chip outputs a high-level 101 signal to control the infrared emitting tube to work. When there are too many foreign objects, the infrared emitting tube is blocked, and the infrared signal received by the infrared receiving tube is weak or none. The infrared receiving tube is close to cut-off, and the output terminal of the comparator outputs a low-level signal. The PNP transistor conducts, and the main control chip detects that the 102 signal is a low-level signal, determining that there are too many foreign objects on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array 1. The main control chip controls the NPN transistors in the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit to conduct, the relay is energized and attracted, the first water pump 4 and the second water pump 5 work, and at the same time, the main control chip also controls the solenoid valve 10 to open, and the water spray pipe 2 sprays water on the photovoltaic array 1 for cleaning.

[0060] Further, as Figure 4 shown, in addition to the above structure, the first water pump driving circuit and the second water pump driving circuit may further include an optocoupler and an eleventh resistor. The input terminal of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to the first power supply, the output terminal of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to the main control chip through the eleventh resistor, the input terminal of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to the second power supply, and the output terminal of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to the base of the NPN transistor through the tenth resistor.

[0061] Among them, the voltage of the first power supply is less than the voltage of the second power supply. The optocoupler is used to isolate the main control chip from the high-voltage current to protect the main control chip from being broken down.

[0062] In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0063] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present disclosure can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the present application, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be widely interpreted within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic automatic cleaning system, characterized in that, The automatic cleaning system includes: Multiple photovoltaic arrays, with water spray pipes arranged at the upper ends of the multiple photovoltaic arrays; A rainwater collection and purification device, with the collection end of the rainwater collection and purification device arranged at the lower ends of the multiple photovoltaic arrays; A water storage tank, a first water pump, and a second water pump. The water storage tank is connected to the rainwater collection and purification device through the first water pump, the water storage tank is connected to a primary pipeline through the second water pump, and the primary pipeline is respectively connected to the multiple water spray pipes; Multiple foreign object detection circuits, which are used to detect foreign objects on the upper surface of the photovoltaic array; A main control chip, a first water pump drive circuit, and a second water pump drive circuit. The main control chip is respectively connected to the foreign object detection circuit, the first water pump drive circuit, and the second water pump drive circuit. The first water pump drive circuit is connected to the first water pump, and the second water pump drive circuit is connected to the second water pump; When the foreign object detection circuit detects that the light intensity is lower than a preset threshold, the main control chip controls the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit to work. The first water pump and the second water pump work, and the water spray pipes spray water on the photovoltaic array.

2. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein The rainwater collection and purification device includes multiple rainwater collection tanks corresponding to the number of the multiple photovoltaic arrays and a sewage purification tank. The photovoltaic arrays are installed obliquely. The water spray pipes are installed on the first side of the photovoltaic array, the rainwater collection tanks are installed on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic array. The rainwater collection tanks are connected to the sewage purification tank, and the sewage purification tank is connected to the water storage tank through the first water pump; The first side of the photovoltaic array is the highest side, and the second side of the photovoltaic array is the lowest side.

3. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein The automatic cleaning system further includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged on the primary pipeline.

4. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein An electromagnetic valve is arranged between the water spray pipe and the primary pipeline.

5. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein The foreign object detection circuit includes a light emission circuit, a light reception circuit, a comparison circuit, and a signal amplification circuit. The light reception circuit is used to receive the light intensity. The input end of the comparison circuit is connected to the output end of the light reception circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the signal amplification circuit, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is connected to the main control chip.

6. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The light reception circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and an infrared receiving tube. One end of the first resistor is connected to a first power supply, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the input end of the comparison circuit. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the negative electrode of the infrared receiving tube, and the positive electrode of the infrared receiving tube is grounded; The light emission circuit includes a current limiting resistor and an infrared emitting tube. The positive electrode of the infrared emitting tube is connected to the main control chip through the current limiting resistor, and the negative electrode of the infrared emitting tube is grounded; The infrared emitting tube is arranged on the first side of the photovoltaic array, and the infrared receiving tube is arranged on the second side opposite to the first side of the photovoltaic array.

7. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The comparison circuit includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a comparator. One end of the third resistor is connected to the other end of the first resistor and one end of the second resistor. The other end of the third resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the comparator. One end of the fourth resistor is connected to a first power supply. The other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator and one end of the fifth resistor. The other end of the fifth resistor is grounded. The output terminal of the comparator is connected to the input terminal of the signal amplification circuit.

8. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 7, wherein, The signal amplification circuit includes a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, and a PNP triode. The base of the PNP triode is connected to the output terminal of the comparator through the sixth resistor. The emitter of the PNP triode is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and one end of the eighth resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to a first power supply. The other end of the eighth resistor is connected to the main control chip. The collector of the PNP triode is grounded.

9. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 1, wherein The structures of the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit are the same. Both the first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit include a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an NPN triode, a relay, and a diode. The base of the NPN triode is connected to the main control chip through the tenth resistor. The base of the NPN triode is grounded through the ninth resistor. The collector of the NPN triode is connected to one end of the coil terminal of the relay and the positive electrode of the diode. The negative electrode of the diode is connected to the other end of the coil terminal of the relay and a second power supply. One end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected to the live wire. The other end of the controlled terminal of the relay is connected to the...

10. The automatic cleaning system according to claim 9, wherein, The first water pump drive circuit and the second water pump drive circuit further include an optocoupler and an eleventh resistor. The input terminal of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to a first power supply. The output terminal of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler is connected to the main control chip through the eleventh resistor. The input terminal of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to a second power supply. The output terminal of the light-receiving side of the optocoupler is connected to the base of the NPN triode through the tenth resistor.

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