Water storage and drainage system for saline-alkali soil improvement
By setting up salt drainage tanks and water storage tanks around saline-alkali land farmland, combining drainage and water storage systems, the problem of medium and high cost of saline-alkali land improvement is solved, and efficient soil desalination and water saving effects are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422118866.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-30
AI Technical Summary
In the existing soil improvement technology of saline-alkali land, the water elution method requires a large amount of fresh water to consume, resulting in high improvement costs and difficult to effectively reduce.
Design a soil improved water storage and drainage system for saline-alkali land, including setting up a salt drainage tank and a water storage tank around the farmland, collecting saline water through shallow drainage ditches and introducing it into natural water bodies, combining reservoirs and water pipes to achieve rainwater collection and irrigation, and realizing soil desalination and water conservation.
The demand for saline-alkali land erosion and desalination of above-ground materials has been achieved, the cost of soil improvement has been reduced, and the ability to save water efficiently is achieved.
Smart Images
Figure CN223142444U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement storage and drainage system. Background Art
[0002] At present, the field of saline-alkali land improvement technology mainly uses water washing to desalinate. Water washing desalination often uses aboveground irrigation water or municipal water to wash the salt in the soil. During the implementation of this technology, a large amount of fresh water is consumed, resulting in the high cost of saline-alkali land improvement, which is also a technical and economic problem that the saline-alkali land improvement industry needs to solve urgently. Utility Model Content
[0003] The utility model aims to provide a saline-alkali land soil improvement storage and drainage system, which can operate stably, can effectively meet the saline-alkali land leaching and desalination and aboveground irrigation needs, and has efficient water-saving capabilities.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:
[0005] A saline-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system comprises a salt drainage trough and a water storage trough which are arranged around the periphery of a farmland from the inside out, the salt drainage trough being connected to a natural water body through a drainage pipe for external discharge, a sunken shallow drainage ditch being provided in the farmland, the shallow drainage ditch being adjacent to the salt drainage trough and being connected through overflow, the water storage trough being connected to a water reservoir, a water pumping pipe with a water pump being provided in the water reservoir, a water distribution pipe located above the farmland being connected to the water pumping pipe, and a water storage pipe with a water valve being laid between the water reservoir and the natural water body.
[0006] The drainage shallow ditch includes a first shallow ditch and a second shallow ditch, the second shallow ditch is two and is arranged on both sides of the farmland, the first shallow ditch is multiple and is arranged in parallel between the second shallow ditches, the two ends of the first shallow ditch are respectively connected to the second shallow ditch on the same side, and the salt drainage trough is adjacently arranged on the outside of the second shallow ditch.
[0007] The water distribution pipe includes a water distribution main pipe and a water distribution branch pipe. The water distribution main pipe is connected to the water pumping pipe through a valve. The water distribution branch pipes are distributed equidistantly along the length direction of the water distribution main pipe. The water distribution branch pipes are arranged between adjacent second shallow grooves. One end of the water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution main pipe. The water distribution branch pipe is a hose, and a hole with an angle of 45° is provided at the bottom of the water distribution branch pipe.
[0008] The depth of the shallow drainage ditch is 10 cm, the width is 20-30 cm, the slope of the shallow drainage ditch is not greater than 30°, and the spacing between adjacent shallow drainage ditches is 2 m.
[0009] The width of the water storage tank is not less than 20 cm, the depth is not less than 20 cm, and the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a waterproof structure.
[0010] The groove width of the salt drainage grooves is all 20 cm, and the groove depth is not less than 20 cm.
[0011] The salt drainage groove includes longitudinal grooves which are arranged side by side on the outer side of the second shallow groove, and a connecting groove for connecting the two is provided at both ends or one end of the longitudinal grooves.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0013] Cooperating with irrigation or rainwater, the salt-containing water washed from the soil flows into the drainage shallow groove for collection, and is collected and introduced into the natural water body through the salt drainage groove, realizing desalination of the soil.
[0014] Combined with the collection of rainwater by the water storage tank and the reservoir, the dynamic balance management of rainfall storage is realized. The collected rainwater can be reused for soil irrigation and leaching desalination. At the same time, the management of water storage can be combined with the abundance of rainwater, and a controllable connection and supplement with the natural water body can be realized, so as to achieve the dual purposes of water saving and salt drainage and above-ground irrigation, and effectively reduce the cost of saline-alkali soil improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 is of the present utility model Figure 1 sectional structure schematic diagram.
[0017] Figure 3 is a model schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 4 is a model schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 5 is of the present utility model Figure 4 partial enlarged view of part E.
[0020] Figure 6 is of the present utility model Figure 5 schematic diagram in the longitudinal section view.
[0021] Reference numerals shown in the drawings:
[0022] 1, first shallow groove; 2, second shallow groove; 3, salt drainage groove; 4, water storage tank; 5, drain pipe; 6, reservoir; 7, water distribution branch pipe; 8, water distribution main pipe; 9, water extraction pipe; 10, water storage pipe; 11, slope panel; 12, bottom plate; 13, vertical plate; 14, double-headed screw; 15, natural water body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0023] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and not to limit the scope of the present utility model. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content taught by the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present utility model, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by this application.
[0024] Embodiment 1:
[0025] For the convenience of clearly describing the structure of the present system, as Figures 1-3 shown, this example is described based on a rectangular regular saline-alkali farmland, not limited to this example, and is still applicable to farmlands of other shapes.
[0026] The farmland in this example is rectangular in width. Nine first shallow trenches 1 are excavated and distributed in parallel in the length direction of the farmland. The first shallow trenches 1 are parallel to the ridge direction of the farmland. 10 cm is shallowly excavated downward between each or several ridges. The first shallow trenches 1 are evenly arranged every 2 meters, with a width of 20 - 30 cm and a length of 2 meters that can run through both ends of the farmland. The slope of the side slope of the first shallow trench 1 is 22 degrees, and the maximum is not more than 30 degrees, which is used to balance the slope stability.
[0027] The first shallow trenches 1 are on both sides of the ridge. When it rains or the field is irrigated, rainwater or excessive irrigation water can be collected in the first shallow trenches 1, avoiding the saline-alkali problem caused by backwater.
[0028] Second shallow trenches 2 are respectively provided on both sides of the farmland. The mouth heights of the second shallow trenches 2 and the first shallow trenches 1 are not higher than the surface of the farmland, and there will be no backflow. The second shallow trenches 2 are arranged adjacent to the longer side of the farmland. The two ends of the first shallow trenches 1 are respectively connected to the second shallow trenches 2 on the same side, so that the first shallow trenches 1 are connected into a mutually connected drainage shallow trench through the second shallow trenches 2, thereby realizing the confluence and balance of the water discharged from different first shallow trenches 1.
[0029] A salt drainage trough 3 and a water storage trough 4 are provided from the inside to the outside on the periphery of the farmland. The salt drainage trough 3 is inside and the water storage trough 4 is outside, forming a double-layer trench structure inside and outside.
[0030] The width of the salt drainage trough 3 is 20 cm, and the depth is not less than 20 cm. The inner side wall of the salt drainage trough 3 is lower than the height of the farmland, which is used to collect the overflow water in the drainage shallow trench, which can not only collect brine but also prevent soil erosion. The outer side wall of the salt drainage trough 3 is about 30 cm higher than the farmland, which can effectively isolate the salt drainage trough 3 from the water storage trough 4.
[0031] The salt discharge trough 3 includes longitudinal grooves, which are arranged in parallel on the outside of the second shallow groove 2. When the water in the second shallow groove 2 is full, it overflows into the longitudinal grooves. Both ends or one end of the longitudinal grooves are provided with connecting grooves that connect the two, so that the salt discharge trough 3 forms a "匚" shape or a "回" shape, ensuring that the water in the two longitudinal grooves is connected.
[0032] The water storage tank 4 is a geomembrane tank, which is used to store water during rainfall and use rainwater to regulate water use. The water storage tank 4 is a circular trough excavated and built around the salt discharge tank 3, and the inner ring groove wall of the water storage tank 4 is shared with the outer groove wall of the salt discharge tank 3. A water reservoir 6 is built on the outside of the water storage tank 4, and the water reservoir 6 can be directly connected to the water storage tank 4 through a groove, and the collected water is stored in the water reservoir 6. The width of the water storage tank 4 is not less than 20 cm, the depth is not less than 20 cm, and a HDPE film not less than 2 mm thick is laid in the groove.
[0033] The salt discharge tank 3 is connected to the natural water body 15 through the drainage pipe 5. The drainage pipe 5 runs through the water storage tank 4 to discharge the collected salt water into the natural water body 15. The natural water body 15 can be a nearby natural river, lake or ditch.
[0034] A water storage pipe 10 with a water valve is also provided between the natural water body 15 and the water reservoir 6. The water storage pipe 10 is used to draw water from the natural water body 15 to replenish the water reservoir 6 when there is abundant rainfall.
[0035] A water distribution branch pipe 7 is provided above the field ridge along the field ridge direction, one end of the water distribution branch pipe 7 is provided with a water distribution main pipe 8 connecting all the water distribution pipes, a water pumping pipe 9 is connected to the water distribution main pipe 8, the other end of the water pumping pipe 9 is arranged in the water reservoir 6 and is equipped with a submersible pump, and the water pumping pipe 9 is used to extract the non-salt water in the water reservoir 6 for irrigating the field. Drip irrigation or intermittent irrigation can be performed according to the soil salinity and irrigation needs.
[0036] The water distribution main pipe 8 can also be equipped with a water source connection so that tap water can be used to meet irrigation needs during the dry season.
[0037] The water distribution branch pipe 7 is made of PE hose, with holes at the bottom, the hole angle is 45°, the hole diameter is 3-5mm, and the hole spacing is not greater than 100mm. The water distribution main pipe 8 is made of hard pipe, with a specification size not less than DN100,
[0038] A pump room can be set up on one side of the water reservoir 6. The pump room adopts a colored steel structure and can be installed with facilities such as an electric control cabinet, a liquid level switch, and a soil moisture meter. By monitoring parameter information such as the liquid level and soil moisture content of the water reservoir 6, the opening and closing of the water pump can be automatically controlled to achieve scientific irrigation.
[0039] Based on the above drainage system, the saline water in the soil is collected through the shallow drainage ditches to achieve desalination of the soil. After the collected saline water is balanced through the connected shallow drainage ditches, it overflows into the salt drainage tank 3, and then enters the natural water body 15 through the salt drainage tank 3 and the drain pipe 5 together, completing the directional diversion of the saline water.
[0040] The water storage tank 4 is used for collecting and utilizing rainwater. At the same time, the reservoir 6 is controllably connected to the natural water body 15. By storing water flexibly during the rainy season, water conservation and dynamic balance are achieved, and water use regulation is enhanced. Through the arrangement of the water distribution branch pipe 7, the water in the water storage tank 4 can be used for irrigation or soil leaching desalination.
[0041] Embodiment 2:
[0042] On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figures 4-6 shown, in order to prevent soil erosion and maintain the stability of the slope of the shallow drainage ditch, a retaining mechanism is provided in the first shallow ditch 1. The retaining mechanism includes two slope panels 11 symmetrically arranged relative to each other. The top side of the slope panel 11 is higher than the surface of the field. The bottom side of the slope panel 11 is provided with a bottom plate 12 fixedly connected thereto. The bottom plate 12 is used to be placed on the bottom of the first shallow ditch 1, and stones can be pressed on it to help fix it. The included angle between the slope panel 11 and the bottom plate 12 corresponds to the slope angle of the first shallow ditch 1 after subtracting 90 degrees. The slope panel 11 is provided with inclined strip-shaped holes, and the strip-shaped holes are distributed in a matrix, which are used to allow the saline water to pass through while blocking the soil and are not easy to be blocked. Not limited to this example, a mesh plate with mesh holes or other structures can also be used as the slope panel 11.
[0043] Vertical plates 13 are respectively provided at both ends of the bottom plate 12. Through holes are provided at the top ends of the vertical plates 13. A double-headed screw 14 passing through the two through holes is provided between the two opposite vertical plates 13. Nuts are fitted on the double-headed screw 14. Based on the fact that the slope is prone to collapse outward, the nuts can be provided only on the outer sides of the vertical plates 13, which is convenient for quick adjustment.
[0044] For the double-headed screws 14 at both ends, it is convenient to adjust the distance between the two slope panels 11 at both ends (without having to go deep into the field). During rainy weather and when leaching with water for desalination, the slope panels 11 are used to strengthen the soil holding shape on both sides of the slope of the first shallow ditch 1.
Claims
1. A saline-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system, characterized in that, It includes a salt drainage trough and a water storage trough arranged around the periphery of the farmland from the inside to the outside. The salt drainage trough is connected to a natural water body through a drain pipe for external drainage. A sunken drainage shallow ditch is provided in the farmland. The drainage shallow ditch is adjacent to the salt drainage trough and is connected through an overflow. The water storage trough is connected to a reservoir. A water extraction pipe with a water pump is provided in the reservoir. A water distribution pipe located above the farmland is connected to the water extraction pipe. A water storage pipe with a water valve is laid between the reservoir and the natural water body.
2. The salt-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 1, wherein The drainage shallow ditch includes a first shallow ditch and a second shallow ditch. There are two second shallow ditches arranged on both sides of the farmland. There are multiple first shallow ditches arranged side by side between the second shallow ditches. Both ends of the first shallow ditch are respectively connected to the second shallow ditch on the same side. The salt drainage trough is adjacently arranged outside the second shallow ditch.
3. The salt-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water distribution pipe includes a main water distribution pipe and water distribution branch pipes. The main water distribution pipe is connected to the water extraction pipe through a valve. The water distribution branch pipes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the main water distribution pipe. The water distribution branch pipes are arranged between adjacent second shallow ditches. One end of the water distribution branch pipe is connected to the main water distribution pipe. The water distribution branch pipe is a flexible pipe. There are holes with an angle of 45° below the water distribution branch pipe.
4. The saline-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the drainage shallow ditch is 10 cm, and the width is 20 - 30 cm. The slope of the drainage shallow ditch is not greater than 30°. The distance between adjacent drainage shallow ditches is 2 m.
5. The salt-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the water storage trough is not less than 20 cm, and the depth is not less than 20 cm. A waterproof structure is provided at the bottom of the water storage trough.
6. The saline-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the salt drainage trough is 20 cm, and the depth is not less than 20 cm.
7. The saline-alkali soil improvement water storage and drainage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The salt drainage trough includes longitudinal troughs. The longitudinal troughs are arranged side by side outside the second shallow ditch. A connecting trough for connecting the two is provided at both ends or one end of the longitudinal troughs.