Indoor smoke exhaust structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses an indoor smoke exhaust structure which comprises a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke exhaust port, a fire damper, a fire detector and a controller. Indoor smoke is driven by the smoke exhaust fan to generate negative pressure so as to be finally exhausted from the smoke exhaust port along the smoke exhaust pipeline; the controller is connected with the smoke exhaust fan, the controller controls whether the smoke exhaust pipeline is opened or not, and the fire detector comprises a plurality of detection parts for detecting smoke sensing signals; a driving unit of the smoke exhaust fan is connected with the anti-backflow system, and the anti-backflow valve can adjust movement of a valve body through the driving unit so that the smoke exhaust fan can prevent backflow in the fire disaster state. An anti-backflow system is arranged on an anti-backflow valve at an inlet of a smoke exhaust fan, and air pressure is provided for driving a valve body of the anti-backflow valve by inflating or deflating an air pipe, so that the valve body can move up and down, and the valve body can be driven by an air pump to do repeated motion; the valve body can move up and down simply, and gas can be prevented from flowing backwards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of fire smoke exhaust, and particularly to an indoor smoke exhaust structure. Background Art

[0002] Due to the characteristics of concentrated personnel and property in high-rise buildings, the smoke exhaust system is an important system for high-rise fire protection. In view of the characteristics of high-rise fire protection smoke exhaust, a centralized smoke exhaust system is mostly adopted at present. Its characteristics are that when a fire occurs, the air supply system is closed, the smoke exhaust system is opened, and smoke exhaust is carried out through the original smoke exhaust openings or stairwells in the room. When the fire is extinguished, the air supply system is automatically opened, and air supply is carried out through the original air supply openings and stairwells in the room.

[0003] For the existing smoke exhaust system, a wind valve assembly is usually installed on the exhaust port to realize the opening and closing of the air port; in the implementation process, it is necessary to encode through PLC programming instructions to control the electric drive mechanism of the wind valve, so that when a fire occurs in a certain area, the exhaust port in this area is opened, and the wind valves on the air supply ports in other areas are closed, so as to direct the discharge of smoke and ensure the smoothness of the evacuation passage. Due to the uneven smoke pressure when the wind valve assembly inputs smoke, the local wind valve cannot be closed tightly, resulting in backflow, or the smoke backflows in the channel, causing poor smoke exhaust.

[0004] In order to solve the backflow problem, the existing technology adds a sealing device and sets a positive pressure system between the exhaust port on the fan coil and the outlet channel of the wind valve to reduce the backflow wind force; in the actual operation process, the smoke exhaust effect is often improved by increasing the air volume of the fan, but too large an air volume will bring problems such as large smoke exhaust noise, noise pollution and even damage to the building structure.

[0005] In addition, the frequent occurrence of natural disasters has increased the difficulty of escaping from high-rise buildings. Due to its suddenness and great destructiveness, it is extremely easy to induce fires at multiple locations in the building at the same time. When dealing with this kind of sudden, instantaneous and chain disaster, the traditional smoke exhaust system cannot meet the actual smoke exhaust requirements; especially in some large public places, when a fire occurs, there will be a situation of smoke filling while people are concentrated; during evacuation, due to the effect of smoke, the danger will also increase. Once the smoke pours back into the corridor or stairway during the escape process, it will cause disastrous consequences; therefore, the improvement research on the smoke exhaust system and the anti-backflow system is particularly important. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] In view of the above and / or existing problems in the indoor smoke exhaust structure, an indoor smoke exhaust structure with anti-backflow is proposed.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] An indoor smoke exhaust structure includes a smoke exhaust fan, a smoke exhaust duct, a smoke exhaust port, a fire damper, a fire detector, and a controller; the smoke exhaust fan is installed at one end of the smoke exhaust duct, and several smoke exhaust ports are connected to the other end of the smoke exhaust duct. Indoor smoke generates negative pressure through the drive of the smoke exhaust fan and finally discharges from the smoke exhaust port along the smoke exhaust duct; the controller is connected to the smoke exhaust fan, the fire detector is connected to the controller, and the controller controls the working state of the smoke exhaust fan according to the smoke signal sensed by the fire detector, thereby controlling whether the smoke exhaust duct is opened. The fire detector includes multiple detection parts for detecting smoke signals; the drive unit of the smoke exhaust fan is connected to an anti-backflow system, and the anti-backflow system includes at least one anti-backflow valve arranged in the smoke exhaust duct. The anti-backflow valve can adjust the movement of the valve body through the drive unit to change the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan, so that the smoke exhaust fan can prevent backflow in the event of a fire.

[0009] Further, the anti-backflow valve includes a valve cavity, a valve body cooperating with the valve cavity, and a drive unit for driving the movement of the valve body. An air inlet channel and an air outlet channel are provided in the valve cavity, and the valve body can block the air inlet channel and the air outlet channel to adjust the air flow velocity through the air inlet channel.

[0010] Further, the drive unit includes an air pump and an air pipe connecting the air pump to the anti-backflow system. The air pump receives the signal from the controller to drive the air pipe to inflate or deflate, so as to change the pressure inside the valve body of the anti-backflow valve and then cause the valve body to move, thereby changing the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan.

[0011] Further, the valve body includes a piston arranged on the anti-backflow valve. The piston divides the valve cavity of the anti-backflow valve into two independent spaces, namely an upper space and a lower space. By moving the piston up and down, the sizes of the two spaces are changed, thereby changing the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan.

[0012] Further, an air inlet check valve is provided in the upper space, and an air outlet check valve is provided in the lower space. When the piston moves downward, the gas in the upper space enters through the air inlet check valve to push the piston downward, thereby keeping the air outlet check valve in the lower space closed; when the piston moves upward, the gas in the lower space is discharged through the air outlet check valve to push the piston upward, thereby keeping the air inlet check valve in the upper space closed.

[0013] Further, grooves are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piston. The positions of the grooves correspond to the air inlet check valve and the air outlet check valve. When the groove on the lower surface of the piston corresponds to the air outlet check valve, the upper space exhausts and the lower space maintains pressure; when the groove on the upper surface of the piston corresponds to the air inlet check valve, the lower space exhausts and the upper space maintains pressure; by making the piston move back and forth, the air paths of the upper space and the lower space change alternately, thereby changing the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving unit includes a driving motor and a connecting rod connected thereto. The driving motor drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the piston to move.

[0015] Compared with the prior art:

[0016] 1. The start and stop of the smoke exhaust fan are controlled by the smoke signal sensed by the fire detector, improving the smoke exhaust efficiency. When the smoke signals are detected by multiple detection parts, the controller makes the smoke exhaust fan work, ensuring that the smoke exhaust pipe discharges smoke smoothly in time and preventing the backflow of gas in the pipe. The anti-backflow valve arranged at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan through the anti-backflow system can change the air flow velocity flowing through the smoke exhaust fan, thereby reducing the influence of the backflow air flow in the smoke exhaust pipe on the smoke exhaust fan.

[0017] 2. The air pressure is provided for the valve body drive of the anti-backflow valve by inflating or deflating the air pipe, so that the valve body can move up and down, and the valve body can make repeated movements under the drive of the air pump. The up and down movement mode of the valve body is simple and can play a role in preventing the backflow of gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the indoor smoke exhaust structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged structural diagram of A in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] Next, a detailed description will be made of an indoor smoke exhaust structure according to the present disclosure with reference to the drawings. To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure provided in conjunction with the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined in the context, the singular forms include the plural forms; throughout the specification, the terms "including", "having", etc. are used herein to specify the presence of the described features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations thereof.

[0023] Additionally, even though terms including ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" may be used to describe various components, these components are not limited by these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one element from other elements. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may be referred to as the first component.

[0024] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the disclosed product is customarily placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0025] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the present utility model discloses an indoor smoke exhaust structure, which mainly includes a smoke exhaust fan 1, a smoke exhaust pipe 2, a smoke exhaust port 3, a fire damper 4, a fire detector 5, and a controller 6; the smoke exhaust fan 1 is installed at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 2, and the other end of the smoke exhaust pipe 2 is connected with a plurality of smoke exhaust ports 3. The smoke exhaust ports 3 are located on the ceiling or the wall. When the smoke exhaust fan 1 is turned on, it drives the air to flow, so that the indoor smoke flows along the smoke exhaust pipe 2 under the action of negative pressure and finally flows out from the smoke exhaust port 3; a fire damper 4 is provided at one end of the smoke exhaust pipe 2 to filter the gas flowing in the smoke exhaust pipe 2, so that no flame enters the smoke exhaust port 3; the controller 6 is connected to the smoke exhaust fan 1, and the fire detector 5 is connected to the controller 6. The fire detector 5 is installed on the ceiling or the wall. The controller 6 controls the working state of the smoke exhaust fan 1 according to the smoke signal sensed by the fire detector 5, so as to control whether the smoke exhaust pipe 2 is opened. The fire detector 5 includes a plurality of detection parts 9 for detecting the smoke signal, which are arranged on the ceiling or the wall, and drives the smoke exhaust fan 1 to work through the comprehensive judgment of the smoke signals detected by the plurality of detection parts 9; the driving unit of the smoke exhaust fan 1 is connected to the anti-backflow system, and the anti-backflow system includes at least one anti-backflow valve 10 arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe 2. The anti-backflow valve 10 can adjust the movement of the valve body through the driving unit to change the inlet air flow velocity of the smoke exhaust fan 1, so that the smoke exhaust fan 1 can prevent backflow in case of fire.

[0026] In a further embodiment, the driving unit is an air pump 7 connected to the controller 6. The air pump 7 is connected to an air pipe 8, and the air pipe 8 is connected to the anti-backflow system. The air pump 7 receives a signal from the controller 6 to inflate or exhaust the air pipe 8, so as to change the pressure inside the valve body of the anti-backflow valve 10 and then move the valve body, thereby changing the inlet air flow velocity of the smoke exhaust fan 1.

[0027] The anti-backflow valve 10 includes a valve cavity, a valve body cooperating with the valve cavity, and a driving unit for driving the valve body to move. An air inlet channel 19 for the driving unit and an air outlet channel 20 for smoke exhaust are provided in the valve cavity. When the valve body blocks the air inlet channel 19, the air outlet channel 20 is opened for exhaust. When the valve body blocks the air outlet channel 20, the air inlet channel 19 is opened for inflation. The size of the air inlet and outlet openings blocked by the valve body generates the size of the air flow. Thus, the valve body blocks the air inlet channel 19 and the air outlet channel 20 to adjust the flow velocity of the air passing through the air inlet channel.

[0028] In a further embodiment, the valve body includes a piston 11 disposed inside the anti-backflow valve 10. The piston 11 divides the valve cavity of the anti-backflow valve 10 into two independent spaces, an upper space 12 and a lower space 16. By moving the piston 11 up and down, the sizes of the two spaces are changed, thereby changing the inlet air flow velocity of the smoke exhaust fan 1. When the air pump 7 receives a fire exhaust signal from the controller 6, the piston 11 moves upward, the lower space 16 is opened, and the smoke exhausts from the air outlet channel 20 at most. After the exhaust is completed, the piston 11 moves downward to close the air outlet channel 20 to prevent backflow.

[0029] In a further embodiment, an air inlet check valve 13 is provided in the upper space, and an air outlet check valve 14 is provided in the lower space 16. When the piston 11 moves downward, the gas in the upper space 12 enters through the air inlet check valve 13 to push the piston 11 downward, thereby keeping the air outlet check valve 14 in the lower space 16 closed. When the piston 11 moves upward, the gas in the lower space 16 is discharged through the air outlet check valve 14 to push the piston 11 upward, thereby keeping the air inlet check valve 13 in the upper space 12 closed. Grooves 15 are provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the piston 11, and the positions of the grooves 15 correspond to the air inlet check valve 13 and the air outlet check valve 14. When the groove 15 on the lower surface of the piston 11 corresponds to the air outlet check valve 14, the upper space 12 intakes air while the lower space 16 maintains pressure. When the groove 15 on the upper surface of the piston 11 corresponds to the air inlet check valve 13, the lower space 16 exhausts air while the upper space 12 maintains pressure. By making the piston 11 move back and forth, the air paths of the upper space 12 and the lower space 16 change alternately, thereby changing the inlet air flow velocity of the smoke exhaust fan 1.

[0030] The driving unit includes a driving motor 17 and a connecting rod 18 which are connected. The driving motor 17 drives the connecting rod 18 to move, and the connecting rod 18 drives the piston 11 to move; the driving motor 17 moves upon receiving a signal from the controller 6 through the air pump 7, driving the piston 11 to move.

[0031] During the specific movement process, in the exhaust state, the first sealing member 111 on the piston 11 seals the inlet end 191 of the intake passage 19, and the second sealing member 112 on the piston 11 opens the inlet end 201 of the outlet passage 20. When the piston 11 moves downward under the drive of the driving unit, the first sealing member 111 on the piston 11 also moves downward, opening with the inlet end 191 of the intake passage 19, and the gas enters the upper space 12 through the intake check valve 13 and is in a pressure-holding state; when it is necessary to exhaust the flue gas, the first sealing member 111 on the piston 11 seals the inlet end 191 of the intake passage 19, the second sealing member 112 on the piston 11 moves upward, the inlet end 201 of the outlet passage 20 is opened, and the flue gas passes through the outlet check valve 14 and is discharged from the outlet end of the outlet passage 20. Under the outlet check valve 14 and the exhaust gas flow of the flue gas, it is ensured that the flue gas moves unidirectionally in the outlet passage 20, so that the exhaust fan 1 will not backflow in the event of a fire.

[0032] The fire detector 5 can detect the concentration of smoke in the air flow. When the smoke sensor detects that the concentration of smoke reaches a certain proportion, the controller 6 receives a signal from the fire detector 5 and thus starts the air pump 7. The air pump 7 drives the air pipe 8 to input high-pressure gas into the anti-backflow valve 10, thereby pushing the valve body 24 of the anti-backflow valve 10 to move, thereby changing the air flow speed in the exhaust pipe 2, increasing the air flow speed, so as to throttle the flue gas discharged into the exhaust pipe 2, reducing the flue gas flow speed in the exhaust pipe 2, and thus reducing the flue gas outflow speed at the exhaust port 3.

[0033] The fire damper 4 is connected to the controller 6. The air pump 7 drives the fire damper 4 to open while starting. Before the high-pressure gas discharged by the air pump 7 reaches the designated position, the fire damper 4 opens for a certain period of time and then closes.

[0034] The number of fire dampers 4 installed on the exhaust pipe 2 is equivalent to the number of exhaust ports 3, so that the air flow in the exhaust pipe 2 can be discharged more evenly from the exhaust ports 3 during a fire.

Claims

1. An indoor smoke exhaust structure, characterized in that It includes a smoke exhaust fan (1), a smoke exhaust duct (2), smoke outlets (3), a fire damper (4), a fire detector (5) and a controller (6); the smoke exhaust fan (1) is installed at one end of the smoke exhaust duct (2), and several smoke outlets (3) are connected to the other end of the smoke exhaust duct (2). Indoor smoke generates negative pressure through the drive of the smoke exhaust fan (1) and thus is discharged from the smoke outlets (3) along the smoke exhaust duct (2) finally; the controller (6) is connected to the smoke exhaust fan (1), the fire detector (5) is connected to the controller (6), and the controller (6) controls the working state of the smoke exhaust fan (1) according to the smoke signal sensed by the fire detector (5), so as to control whether the smoke exhaust duct (2) is opened. The fire detector (5) includes a plurality of detection parts (9) for detecting the smoke signal; the drive unit of the smoke exhaust fan (1) is connected to the anti-backflow system, and the anti-backflow system includes at least one anti-backflow valve (10) arranged in the smoke exhaust duct (2). The anti-backflow valve (10) can adjust the movement of the valve body through the drive unit so as to change the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan (1), so that the smoke exhaust fan (1) can prevent backflow in the event of a fire.

2. The indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-backflow valve (10) includes a valve cavity, a valve body cooperating with the valve cavity and a drive unit for driving the movement of the valve body. An air inlet passage (19) and an air outlet passage (20) are arranged in the valve cavity, and the valve body can block the air inlet passage (19) and the air outlet passage (20) to adjust the air flow velocity through the air inlet passage.

3. An indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The drive unit includes an air pump (7) and an air pipe (8) connecting the air pump (7) and the anti-backflow system. The air pump (7) receives the signal from the controller (6) and thus drives the air pipe (8) to inflate or deflate, so as to change the pressure inside the valve body of the anti-backflow valve (10) and further cause the valve body to move, thereby changing the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan (1).

4. The indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve body includes a piston (11) arranged on the anti-backflow valve (10). The piston (11) divides the valve cavity of the anti-backflow valve (10) into two independent spaces, namely an upper space (12) and a lower space (16). By the up and down movement of the piston (11), the sizes of the two spaces are changed, so as to change the air flow velocity at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan (1).

5. The indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air inlet check valve (13) is arranged in the upper space, and an air outlet check valve (14) is arranged in the lower space (16). When the piston (11) moves downward, the gas in the upper space (12) enters through the air inlet check valve (13) to push the piston (11) downward, so as to keep the air outlet check valve (14) in the lower space (16) closed; when the piston (11) moves upward, the gas in the lower space (16) is discharged through the air outlet check valve (14) to push the piston (11) upward, so as to keep the air inlet check valve (13) in the upper space (12) closed.

6. The indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper and lower surfaces of the piston (11) are provided with grooves (15), and the positions of the grooves (15) correspond to the intake check valve (13) and the exhaust check valve (14). When the groove (15) on the lower surface of the piston (11) corresponds to the exhaust check valve (14), the upper space (12) exhausts air while the lower space (16) maintains pressure; when the groove (15) on the upper surface of the piston (11) corresponds to the intake check valve (13), the lower space (16) exhausts air while the upper space (12) maintains pressure; by moving the piston (11) back and forth, the air path of the upper space (12) and the lower space (16) changes alternately, thereby changing the inlet air flow velocity of the smoke exhaust fan (1).

7. An indoor smoke exhaust structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a connected drive motor (17) and a connecting rod (18), the drive motor (17) drives the connecting rod (18) to move, and the connecting rod (18) drives the piston (11) to move.

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