Smoke-sensing fire detector field quantitative detection method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an on-site quantitative detection method and device for a smoke-sensing fire detector. The method comprises the following steps: S1, system linkage and task acquisition; s2, task confirmation and device preparation; s3, performing quantitative smoke generation and concentration monitoring; s4, linkage judgment and data recording are carried out; s5, performing performance calculation and evaluation; and S6, generating and uploading a report. According to the method, quantitative detection can be realized, and intelligent linkage with a fire alarm control system is realized, so that the test efficiency, accuracy and safety are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire protection electronic product testing technology, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for on-site quantitative testing of smoke detectors. Background Technology

[0002] Smoke detectors are key components of automatic fire alarm systems, and their performance directly affects the reliability of the entire system. According to national standards, detectors require regular on-site functional testing. Currently, on-site testing primarily employs a manual testing method using a test gun (such as a smoke gun). Testing personnel need to climb a ladder, release test smoke below the detector, observe whether the detector alarms, and confirm the alarm location through the fire alarm controller.

[0003] Existing technologies also include some automated testing devices. For example, Chinese invention patent application publication CN118430211A discloses a testing device for evaluating the response threshold of a point-type smoke detector, including a detection device, a support structure, and a smart terminal. The detection device generates smoke aerosols to create a simulated stable smoke environment and detects the smoke concentration. The support structure is used to fix and support the detection device. The smart terminal has built-in APP software for controlling the detection device, determining the response threshold of the tested point-type smoke detector, and evaluating the detection results of the response threshold of the tested point-type smoke detector. The APP software of the smart terminal records detection information, including information about the tested building, the location information of the tested detector, the manufacturer, and historical records.

[0004] The existing technologies have the following obvious defects: (1) Qualitative rather than quantitative: Traditional methods can only determine whether the detector "alarms" or "does not alarm", which is a qualitative test. It cannot obtain quantitative parameters such as the detector's sensitivity to smoke response and response threshold, and it is difficult to assess its performance degradation trend; (2) Inefficient and unsafe: The test process requires manual inspection one by one. Especially in large and complex buildings, testers need to frequently travel between the detection point and the fire control room, which is time-consuming and laborious, and there are safety risks in working at height; (3) Lack of intelligent linkage: The test process is independent of the fire alarm control system. Testers cannot obtain the accurate address information of the detector under test from the control system in real time, which is prone to mistesting and missed testing. Moreover, the test results cannot be automatically recorded and associated with the system points, which is not convenient for establishing electronic archives. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a method and apparatus for on-site quantitative detection of smoke detectors, which enables quantitative detection and intelligent linkage with fire alarm control systems to improve testing efficiency, accuracy, and safety.

[0006] A method for quantitative on-site detection of smoke detectors includes the following steps: Step S1, System Linkage and Task Acquisition: After receiving an alarm signal, the fire control graphic display device of the fire alarm control system automatically sends the detector address information of the alarm to the quantitative detection device on site through the wireless network. The quantitative detection device receives the detector address information through its wireless communication module. Step S2, Task Confirmation and Device Preparation: The tester views the received alarm point information through the APP on the smart terminal and goes to the corresponding location; aligns or connects the gas delivery unit of the quantitative detection device to the detector under test; and starts the detection program through the APP. Step S3, Quantitative Smoke Generation and Concentration Monitoring: The main control unit controls the smoke generation unit to generate test smoke, which is then output through the gas delivery unit; the concentration detection unit monitors the smoke concentration in real time and feeds the data back to the main control unit; Step S3 also includes the following steps: S31. Select the test mode as needed. The test mode includes standard test and rapid test. Different modes correspond to different smoke generation rates and gas flow rate control. The smoke generation rate of the rapid test mode is denoted as YK and the gas flow rate control speed is denoted as FK. The smoke generation rate of the standard test mode is denoted as YB and the gas flow rate control speed is denoted as FB. S32. Start the smoke generation and gas path control according to the corresponding mode; S33. Combine the concentration detection unit to provide real-time feedback and adjust the smoke generation rate to ensure that the slope of the smoke concentration rise is within the preset curve deviation range, with the deviation range being ±P1. Step S4, Linkage Judgment and Data Recording: The main control unit synchronously executes the following steps: a) Monitor whether the fire alarm control system reports the alarm signal for that location again via the wireless communication module; b) Record the time T1 from the start of the smoke concentration detection unit to the time when the smoke concentration reaches the preset threshold; c) Record the time T2 from the start of smoke emission to the receipt of the fire alarm control system's confirmation alarm signal; Step S5, Performance Calculation and Evaluation: The main control unit or APP calculates the detector's response threshold based on the recorded concentration data, time T1, and time T2, compares it with the standard, generates a quantitative detection report, and evaluates the detector's performance status. Step S6, Report Generation and Upload: After the detection is completed, the APP generates a report including detector address, detection time, response threshold, and performance conclusion information, and can choose to upload it to the cloud or the management platform of the fire alarm control system.

[0007] A detection device for the above-mentioned on-site quantitative detection method of smoke detectors includes: a main control unit, a smoke generation unit, a gas delivery unit, a concentration detection unit, a wireless communication module, and a power management unit. The main control unit, as the core of the device, is used to control the entire testing process and process data; The smoke generation unit is connected to the main control unit and is used to generate stable and controllable test smoke; The gas delivery unit is connected to the smoke generation unit and is used to deliver the test smoke to the detection chamber of the smoke detector under test. The concentration detection unit is located in the gas delivery unit and is used to monitor and report the concentration value of the test smoke to the main control unit in real time. The wireless communication module is connected to the main control unit and is used to communicate with the APP control software of the external smart terminal and to receive alarm signals from the fire alarm control system. The power management module supplies power to all the power-consuming modules in the device.

[0008] Furthermore, the main control unit adopts an STM32 series microcontroller.

[0009] Furthermore, the smoke generating unit is an atomizer based on a piezoelectric ceramic sheet.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas delivery unit is a retractable gas tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration detection unit is a miniature sensor that uses the principle of laser forward scattering.

[0012] Furthermore, the wireless communication module uses the ESP32 chip and supports both Bluetooth and WIFI.

[0013] Furthermore, the power management unit is a rechargeable lithium battery.

[0014] A fire alarm control system includes a detection device as described above, a smart terminal, and a graphic display device in a fire control room. The smart terminal is equipped with APP control software, which connects to the detection device via Bluetooth and is used to send control commands to the detection device, receive and display detection data (such as real-time smoke concentration, detector response time, calculated sensitivity, etc.). The graphic display device in the fire control room is equipped with a dedicated software module, which extracts the address location information of the alarming detector when a fire alarm signal is received, and sends the information to the on-site detection device via an external wireless communication module.

[0015] Furthermore, the wireless communication module is a dual-mode communication module, with Bluetooth functionality for connecting to smart terminals and WIFI or LoRa functionality for receiving wireless signals sent from the graphic display device in the fire control room.

[0016] Beneficial effects

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Achieved true quantitative detection: Through a high-precision concentration detection unit, accurate smoke concentration data during the detector's response process can be obtained, thereby calculating key performance indicators such as the response threshold, and realizing accurate assessment and trend prediction of the detector's health status. 2. Improved testing efficiency and accuracy: Through linkage with the fire alarm control system, testers can directly obtain the information of the test point, avoiding manual search and misjudgment, and realizing "precise positioning and one-click testing"; 3. Improved operational safety: Testing personnel no longer need to frequently travel to and from the control room, reducing waiting and movement time for working at heights and lowering safety risks; 4. The detection process is digitized and traceable: The automatically generated electronic detection report is bound to the specific location information, which facilitates the establishment of a performance file for the entire life cycle of the detector, in line with the development direction of smart fire protection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a quantitative on-site detection method for smoke detectors according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative on-site detection device for smoke detectors according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fire alarm control system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for quantitative on-site detection of smoke detectors according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, a method for quantitative on-site detection of smoke detectors includes the following steps: Step S1, System Linkage and Task Acquisition: After receiving an alarm signal, the fire control graphic display device of the fire alarm control system automatically sends the detector address information of the alarm to the quantitative detection device on site through the wireless network. The quantitative detection device receives the detector address information through its wireless communication module. Step S2, Task Confirmation and Device Preparation: The tester views the received alarm point information through the APP on the smart terminal and goes to the corresponding location; aligns or connects the gas delivery unit of the quantitative detection device to the detector under test; and starts the detection program through the APP. Step S3, Quantitative Smoke Generation and Concentration Monitoring: The main control unit controls the smoke generation unit to generate test smoke, which is then output through the gas delivery unit; the concentration detection unit monitors the smoke concentration in real time and feeds the data back to the main control unit; Step S3 also includes the following steps: S31. Select the test mode as needed. The test modes include standard test and rapid test. Different modes correspond to different smoke generation rates and gas flow rate controls. In the rapid test mode, the smoke generation rate is denoted as YK (e.g., 0.03%obs / m per second) and the gas flow rate control speed is denoted as FK (e.g., 0.5-1m / s). In the standard test mode, the smoke generation rate is denoted as YB (e.g., 0.01%obs / m per second) and the gas flow rate control speed is denoted as FB (e.g., 0.2m / s). S33. Combine the concentration detection unit to provide real-time feedback and adjust the smoke generation rate to ensure that the slope of the smoke concentration rise is within the preset curve deviation range, with the deviation range being ±P1 (P1 is a percentage, such as ±3%). Step S4, Linkage Judgment and Data Recording: The main control unit synchronously executes the following steps: a) Monitor whether the fire alarm control system reports the alarm signal for that location again via the wireless communication module; b) Record the time T1 from the start of the smoke concentration detection unit to the time when the smoke concentration reaches the preset threshold; c) Record the time T2 from the start of smoke emission to the receipt of the fire alarm control system's confirmation alarm signal; Step S5, Performance Calculation and Evaluation: The main control unit or APP calculates the detector's response threshold based on the recorded concentration data, time T1, and time T2, compares it with the standard, generates a quantitative detection report, and evaluates the detector's performance status. Step S6, Report Generation and Upload: After the detection is completed, the APP generates a report including detector address, detection time, response threshold, and performance conclusion information, and can choose to upload it to the cloud or the management platform of the fire alarm control system.

[0021] In practice, the tester, for example, reaches point "305" and seals the conduit connector to the detector. Then, on the app, click "Start Testing" and proceed with the following workflow: The main control unit activates the atomizer and starts the timer simultaneously; Laser scattering concentration sensor monitors the smoke concentration in the gas path in real time; When the concentration value reaches the alarm threshold specified in the standard (e.g., 1.5%obs / m), record the time at this moment as T1=15 seconds; Almost simultaneously, the system in the fire control room received the alarm signal from the detector again, and the dedicated software on the graphic display device immediately sent a signal via WIFI that "the alarm at point 305 has been confirmed". The WIFI module of the detection device received the confirmation signal at 15.5 seconds after the start of timing, and the recording time T2=15.5 seconds; The main control unit stops atomization and controls the air pump to purge residual smoke; The app software calculates and displays the results: "Detector 305: Response concentration 1.5%obs / m, response delay 0.5 seconds, excellent performance." Simultaneously, all data from this test (including the concentration-time curve) is automatically saved as a report.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative on-site detection device for a smoke detector according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, a detection device for the above-mentioned quantitative on-site detection method for a smoke detector includes: a main control unit, a smoke generation unit, a gas delivery unit, a concentration detection unit, a wireless communication module, and a power management unit; The main control unit, as the core of the device, is used to control the entire testing process and process data; The smoke generation unit is connected to the main control unit and is used to generate stable and controllable test smoke; The gas delivery unit is connected to the smoke generation unit and is used to deliver the test smoke to the detection chamber of the smoke detector under test. The concentration detection unit is located in the gas delivery unit and is used to monitor and report the concentration value of the test smoke to the main control unit in real time. The wireless communication module is connected to the main control unit and is used to communicate with the APP control software of the external smart terminal and to receive alarm signals from the fire alarm control system. The power management module supplies power to all the power-consuming modules in the device.

[0023] For example, the on-site quantitative detection device is a handheld device. The internal main control unit uses an STM32 series microcontroller. The smoke generation unit is a piezoelectric ceramic atomizer that produces glycerol mist to simulate smoke. The gas delivery unit is a retractable gas tube with a sealed connector at the head suitable for different detector models. The concentration detection unit is a miniature sensor using the laser forward scattering principle, with a range of 0~20%obs / m. The wireless communication module uses an ESP32 chip and supports both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. The power management module is a rechargeable lithium battery.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fire alarm system according to the present invention. Figure 3As shown, the fire alarm control system includes the detection device, intelligent terminal, and fire control room graphic display device as described above. The intelligent terminal is equipped with APP control software, which connects to the detection device via Bluetooth and is used to send control commands to the detection device and receive and display detection data. The fire control room graphic display device is equipped with a dedicated software module, which extracts the address location information of the alarm detector when a fire alarm signal is received, and sends the information to the on-site detection device through an external wireless communication module.

[0025] Optionally, the wireless communication module is a dual-mode communication module, with Bluetooth functionality for connecting to smart terminals and WIFI or LoRa functionality for receiving wireless signals sent from the graphic display device in the fire control room.

[0026] For example, a dedicated software is installed on the image display device (industrial computer) in the fire control room. This software listens to the alarm bus data. When a detector alarms, the software parses the unique code and physical location description of the detector (such as "3rd floor east corridor, number 305") and sends the alarm point address back to the on-site quantitative detection device through the wireless communication module. When the quantitative detection device receives the alarm signal, it stops emitting smoke if the on-site personnel have not stopped emitting smoke and displays the current alarm information and response threshold through the APP.

[0027] The tester holds the detection device handheld, and a mobile app connects to the device via Bluetooth. When the software on the graphic display device sends out alarm location information, the wireless communication module of the detection device receives the information and forwards it to the collection app via Bluetooth. The app interface immediately pops up: "Current alarm location is the corridor in the east area of ​​the 3rd floor, point 305 is being detected, and the response threshold m value is 0.16."

[0028] The advantages of this system are: (1) reducing one controller, directly controlling and displaying the system via a smart terminal; (2) enabling on-site verification and recording of fire alarm locations to prevent errors or omissions; and (3) enabling real-time information interaction to effectively improve work efficiency and accuracy.

[0029] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for field quantitative detection of a smoke fire detector, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, system linkage and task acquisition: after receiving the alarm signal, the fire control graphical display device of the fire alarm control system automatically sends the address information of the alarm detector to the on-site quantitative detection device through the wireless network; the quantitative detection device receives the detector address information through the wireless communication module thereof; Step S2, task confirmation and device preparation: the test personnel check the received alarm point information through the APP on the intelligent terminal, go to the corresponding position; align or connect the air path conveying unit of the quantitative detection device with the detector to be tested; start the detection program through the APP; Step S3, quantitative smoke generation and concentration monitoring: the main control unit controls the smoke generation unit to generate test smoke, and outputs the test smoke through the air path conveying unit; the concentration detection unit monitors the smoke concentration in real time, and feeds back the data to the main control unit; Step S4, linkage judgment and data recording: the main control unit synchronously executes the following steps: a) listens to whether the fire alarm control system reports the alarm signal of the point again through the wireless communication module; b) records the time T1 when the smoke concentration detected by the smoke concentration detection unit reaches the preset threshold value from the start of the smoke injection; c) records the time T2 from the start of the smoke injection to the receipt of the alarm signal confirmed by the fire alarm control system; Step S5, performance calculation and evaluation: the main control unit or the APP calculates the response threshold of the detector according to the recorded concentration data, the time T1 and the time T2, compares the response threshold with the standard, generates a quantitative detection report, and evaluates the performance state of the detector; Step S6, report generation and uploading: after the detection is completed, the APP generates a report including the detector address, the detection time, the response threshold and the performance conclusion information, and can select to upload the report to the cloud or the management platform of the fire alarm control system.

2. The on-site quantitative detection method for the smoke fire detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: YK is 0.03% obs / m per second, FK is 0.5-1 m / s, YB is 0.01% obs / m per second, FB is 0.2 m / s, and P1 is 3%. The device comprises: a main control unit, a smoke generation unit, an air path conveying unit, a concentration detection unit, a wireless communication module and a power management unit; the main control unit is the core of the device, and is used for controlling the entire detection process and processing data; 3. A detection device for the on-site quantitative detection method of a smoke fire detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: the smoke generation unit is connected with the main control unit, and is used for generating stable and controllable test smoke; ​ ​ ​ The gas path conveying unit is connected with the smoke generating unit, and is used for conveying the test smoke into the detection chamber of the smoke fire detector to be tested; The concentration detection unit is arranged in the gas path conveying unit, and is used for monitoring and feeding back the concentration value of the test smoke to the main control unit in real time; The wireless communication module is connected with the main control unit, and is used for communicating with the APP control software of the external intelligent terminal, and is used for receiving the alarm signal from the fire alarm control system; The power management module is used for supplying power to each power module in the device.

4. The detection device of claim 3, wherein: The main control unit adopts an STM32 series microcontroller.

5. The detection device of claim 3, wherein: The smoke generating unit is a nebulizer based on a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and the concentration detection unit is a micro sensor based on a laser forward scattering principle.

6. The detection device of claim 3, wherein: The gas path conveying unit is a telescopic gas guide pipe.

7. The detection device of claim 3, wherein: The wireless communication module adopts an ESP32 chip, and supports Bluetooth and WIFI.

8. The detection device of claim 3, wherein: The power management unit is a rechargeable lithium battery.

9. A fire alarm control system characterized by: The device comprises the detection device, an intelligent terminal and a fire control room graphic display device, the intelligent terminal is installed with APP control software, is connected with the detection device through Bluetooth, is used for sending control instructions to the detection device, receiving and displaying detection data, and the fire control room graphic display device is installed with a special software module, when receiving a fire alarm signal, extracts the address point information of the alarm detector, and sends the information to the detection device on site through an external wireless communication module.

10. The fire alarm system of claim 9, wherein: The wireless communication module is a dual-mode communication module, the Bluetooth function is used for connecting with the intelligent terminal, and the WIFI or LORA function is used for receiving the wireless signal sent by the fire control room graphic display device. The wireless communication module is a dual-mode communication module, the Bluetooth function is used for connecting with the intelligent terminal, and the WIFI or LORA function is used for receiving the wireless signal sent by the fire control room graphic display device.

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