Scion cutting device for fruit tree grafting

Abstract

The utility model discloses a scion cutting device for fruit tree grafting, and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting. Comprising a shell, and an inner cavity of the shell is provided with a cutting cavity and a control cavity which are independently arranged; the cutting mechanism is arranged in the cutting cavity and is used for cutting a scion; and the control mechanism is arranged in the control cavity, is connected with the cutting mechanism and is used for controlling the cutting mechanism to work. The scion cutting device can shorten the scion cutting time and improve the grafting survival rate and the grafting efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting, and particularly relates to a device for cutting scions in fruit tree grafting. Background Art

[0002] Grafting refers to splicing a branch or bud (i.e., scion) of one plant onto the stem or root (i.e., rootstock) of another plant. Two originally unrelated parts gradually grow into a complete plant as the "wound heals". Grafting is a vegetative propagation technique and one of the artificial propagation methods of plants, which is of great significance for the rapid propagation of excellent varieties and the propagation of plants that do not produce seeds. The plant cambium has strong meristematic activity. Under suitable conditions, the cambium cells of both the scion and the rootstock divide rapidly, and new parenchymatous callus tissues are formed at the wound. After filling the gap of the grafting wound, they contact and fuse to jointly form a new cambium, connecting the vessels and sieve tubes of the scion and the rootstock, thus forming a new plant body. Grafting is an asexual propagation method that can achieve rapid propagation while maintaining the excellent traits of the scion variety, and it plays an important role in agricultural production and the protection of endangered plants. At the same time, by utilizing the beneficial characteristics of the rootstock, the cold resistance, drought resistance, and pest and disease resistance can also be enhanced. Selecting a dwarf rootstock can also dwarf the tree shape for convenient management.

[0003] However, in the existing fruit tree grafting, the scions are all processed manually. During the cutting process of the scions, the staff is very likely to be injured, and the processing time is too long. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for cutting scions in fruit tree grafting. Content of the Utility Model

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A device for cutting scions in fruit tree grafting, comprising:

[0006] A housing, the inner cavity of the housing has an independently arranged cutting cavity and a control cavity;

[0007] A cutting mechanism, which is arranged in the cutting cavity and is used for cutting the scions;

[0008] A control mechanism, which is arranged in the control cavity and is connected to the cutting mechanism for controlling the operation of the cutting mechanism.

[0009] Further, the cutting mechanism includes a cutter assembly and a rotary cutter assembly; the cutting cavity is divided into a cutter cavity and a peeling cavity by a partition;

[0010] The cutter assembly is arranged in the cutter cavity and is used for obliquely cutting the scions;

[0011] The rotating knife assembly is arranged in the peeling cavity and connected to the control mechanism, and is used for peeling the phloem of the scion.

[0012] Further, it further includes a light sensor, which is arranged on the rotating knife assembly and used for detecting whether green tissue is formed on the scion; the light sensor is connected to the control mechanism.

[0013] Further, the control mechanism includes an automatic control module, a manual control module and a cutter control module; the outer side wall of the control cavity is provided with a first button, a second button and a third button;

[0014] The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the light sensor, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the rotating knife assembly;

[0015] The input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the rotating knife assembly.

[0016] Further, the cutter assembly includes an inclined cutting part and a flat cutting part; a cutting opening is formed in the top wall of the cutting cavity;

[0017] The flat cutting part is horizontally arranged in the cutting cavity and is located below the cutting opening; the inclined cutting part is inclinedly arranged in the cutting cavity and is located below the flat cutting part;

[0018] The cutter control module includes a flat cutting control module and an inclined cutting control module; the input end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the flat cutting part; the input end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the inclined cutting part.

[0019] Further, flat cutting grooves and inclined cutting grooves are arranged on the two opposite side walls in the cutting cavity, and the flat cutting grooves are located above the inclined cutting grooves; wherein, the flat cutting grooves are arranged parallel to the bottom of the cutting cavity, and the inclined cutting grooves are inclinedly arranged;

[0020] The flat cutting part includes a flat cutting knife and two first micro hydraulic cylinders; first sliders are arranged at both ends of the flat cutting knife, and the first sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the flat cutting grooves; the two first micro hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged in the flat cutting grooves, and the output ends of the first micro hydraulic cylinders are connected to the first sliders;

[0021] The inclined cutting part includes an inclined cutting knife and two second micro hydraulic cylinders; second sliders are arranged at both ends of the inclined cutting knife, and the second sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the inclined cutting grooves; the two second micro hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged in the inclined cutting grooves, and the output ends of the second micro hydraulic cylinders are connected to the second sliders;

[0022] The input end of the horizontal cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the horizontal cutting control module is connected to the first micro-cylinder; the input end of the bevel cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the bevel cutting control module is connected to the second micro-cylinder.

[0023] Further, the tool rotating assembly includes a first motor and a rotating table; a circular hole is formed in the top wall of the peeling cavity, and a mounting plate is further arranged in the peeling cavity;

[0024] The rotating table is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and the rotating table is located directly below the circular hole; wherein, a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating table; a track coinciding with the diameter of the rotating table is arranged on the rotating table, and a moving plate is slidably arranged on the track; a blade is arranged on one side of the moving plate close to the center point of the rotating table; a moving member is arranged on the first fixing plate, and the moving member is connected to the moving plate, and the moving member is used for driving the moving plate to move on the track;

[0025] The first motor is arranged at the bottom of the peeling cavity, and the output end of the first motor passes through the mounting plate through a shaft and is connected to the rotating table;

[0026] The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the optical sensor, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the first motor and the moving member; the input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the first motor and the moving member.

[0027] Further, a first clamping assembly for clamping the scion is further arranged at the circular hole; the first clamping assembly includes a circular ring and a plurality of telescopic members; the plurality of telescopic members are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed in the inner ring of the circular ring, and the circular ring is installed on the circular hole.

[0028] Further, the telescopic member includes a telescopic rod, a return spring and a clamping plate; the first end of the telescopic rod is connected to the inner ring of the circular ring, and the second end of the telescopic rod is connected to the clamping plate; the return spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and the first end of the return spring abuts against the inner ring of the circular ring, and the second end of the return spring abuts against the clamping plate. Beneficial effects

[0029] The utility model is provided with a cutting mechanism, which prevents workers from being injured during the processing of the scion and improves the grafting efficiency; at the same time, in order to ensure that the scion is processed in place, the tool rotating assembly can be manually controlled to process the scion, preventing the unqualified processing of the scion from affecting the grafting. [[ID=

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the cutting cavity of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the cutter cavity of the present utility model;

[0033] Wherein: 1, cutting port; 2, collecting member; 3, first clamping assembly; 31, circular ring; 32, telescopic rod; 33, clamping plate; 34, return spring; 4, opening and closing cover; 5, rotating table; 51, blade; 52, moving plate; 53, moving member; 6, optical sensor; 7, first motor; 8, flat cutting member; 9, inclined cutting member. Detailed implementation manners Embodiment 1

[0034] Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3 , a device for grafting and cutting scions of fruit trees, comprising:

[0035] A housing, the inner cavity of the housing has an independently provided cutting cavity and a control cavity;

[0036] A cutting mechanism, which is arranged in the cutting cavity and is used for cutting the scion;

[0037] A control mechanism, which is arranged in the control cavity and is connected to the cutting mechanism for controlling the operation of the cutting mechanism.

[0038] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a cutter assembly and a rotary cutter assembly; the cutting cavity is separated into a cutter cavity and a peeling cavity by a partition board;

[0039] The cutter assembly is arranged in the cutter cavity and is used for obliquely cutting the scion;

[0040] The rotary cutter assembly is arranged in the peeling cavity and is connected to the control mechanism for peeling the phloem of the scion. Embodiment 2

[0041] To improve the efficiency of cutting the scion, this embodiment is further arranged on the basis of Embodiment 1.

[0042] The device for grafting and cutting scions of fruit trees further includes an optical sensor 6, which is arranged on the rotating assembly for detecting whether the scion forms green tissue; the optical sensor 6 is connected to the control mechanism.

[0043] In this embodiment, the optical sensor 6 is a photosensitive probe.

[0044] Preferably, the control mechanism includes an automatic control module, a manual control module, and a cutter control module; a first button, a second button, and a third button are provided on the outer side wall of the control cavity;

[0045] The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the optical sensor 6, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the rotary cutter assembly;

[0046] The input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the rotary cutter assembly. Embodiment 3

[0047] To ensure the accuracy of cutting the scion, this embodiment is further provided on the basis of Embodiment 2.

[0048] Preferably, the cutter assembly includes an inclined cutting member 9 and a flat cutting member 8; a cutting opening 1 is formed in the top wall of the cutting cavity;

[0049] The flat cutting member 8 is horizontally arranged in the cutting cavity and is located below the cutting opening 1; the inclined cutting member 9 is inclinedly arranged in the cutting cavity and is located below the flat cutting member 8;

[0050] The inclined cutting member 9 and the flat cutting member 8 are respectively connected to the control mechanism;

[0051] The cutter control module includes a flat cutting control module and an inclined cutting control module; the input end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the flat cutting member 8; the input end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the inclined cutting member 9.

[0052] Preferably, flat cutting grooves and inclined cutting grooves are provided on the two opposite side walls in the cutting cavity, and the flat cutting grooves are located above the inclined cutting grooves; wherein, the flat cutting grooves are arranged parallel to the bottom of the cutting cavity, and the inclined cutting grooves are inclinedly arranged;

[0053] The flat cutting member 8 includes a flat cutting knife and two first micro-cylinders; first sliders are arranged at both ends of the flat cutting knife, and the first sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the flat cutting grooves; the two first micro-cylinders are respectively arranged in the flat cutting grooves, and the output ends of the first micro-cylinders are connected to the first sliders;

[0054] The inclined cutting member 9 includes an inclined cutting knife and two second micro-cylinders; second sliders are arranged at both ends of the inclined cutting knife, and the second sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the inclined cutting grooves; the two second micro-cylinders are respectively arranged in the inclined cutting grooves, and the output ends of the second micro-cylinders are connected to the second sliders;

[0055] The input end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the first micro-cylinder; the input end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the inclined cutting control module is connected to the second micro-cylinder.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first cleaning port matching the collecting member 2 is formed in the side wall of the cutter chamber; the collecting member 2 is slidably arranged in the cutter chamber and is located at the first cleaning port; the collecting member 2 is a drawer, the length of the drawer matches the length of the cutter chamber, and at the same time, the drawer matches the first cleaning port and is slidably arranged in the cutter chamber; after cutting is completed, the drawer can be pulled out to process the waste cut from the scion.

[0057] In this embodiment, the inclined cutting groove is arranged at an inclination of 45°.

[0058] In this embodiment, a second clamping assembly for clamping the scion is further arranged at the cutting port 1; the second clamping assembly includes a first ring and a plurality of first telescopic members; the plurality of first telescopic members are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed in the inner ring of the first ring, and the first ring is installed on the cutting port.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first telescopic member includes a first telescopic rod, a first return spring and a first clamping plate; the second end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the inner ring of the first ring, and the second end of the first telescopic rod is connected to the first clamping plate; the first return spring is sleeved on the first telescopic rod, and the second end of the first return spring abuts against the inner ring of the first ring, and the second end of the first return spring abuts against the first clamping plate.

[0060] Preferably, the rotating cutter assembly includes a first motor 7 and a rotating table 5; a circular hole is formed in the top wall of the peeling chamber, and a mounting plate is further arranged in the peeling chamber;

[0061] The rotating table 5 is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and the rotating table 5 is located directly below the circular hole; wherein, a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating table 5; a track coinciding with the diameter of the rotating table 5 is arranged on the rotating table 5, and a moving plate 52 is slidably arranged on the track; a blade 51 is arranged on one side of the moving plate 52 close to the center point of the rotating table 5; a moving member 53 is arranged on the first fixing plate, and the moving member 53 is connected to the moving plate 52, and the moving member 53 is used to drive the moving plate 52 to move on the track;

[0062] The first motor 7 is arranged at the bottom of the peeling chamber, the output end of the first motor 7 passes through the mounting plate through a shaft and is connected to the rotating table 5; the first motor 7 is connected to the control mechanism;

[0063] The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the optical sensor, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the first motor and the moving member; the input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the first motor and the moving member.

[0064] In this embodiment, the axis and the rotating table 5 are on the same axis; the blade is inclined and arranged at the cutting opening, and the size of the cutting opening is larger than that of the blade; wherein, the cutting opening and the blade are arranged along the generatrix direction of the rotating table 5.

[0065] In this embodiment, a second cleaning opening is further formed in the side wall of the peeling cavity, and an opening and closing cover 4 is installed at the second cleaning opening, wherein the opening and closing cover 4 is hinged to the second cleaning opening; after cutting, the opening and closing cover is opened, and the scion waste is cleared out from the second cleaning opening.

[0066] In this embodiment, the moving member can be a micro cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or a lead screw / screw motion pair. Among them, the fixed end of the micro cylinder / hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the first fixing plate, and the moving end of the micro cylinder / hydraulic cylinder is connected to the moving plate; in order to improve the moving accuracy, in this embodiment, the lead screw / screw motion pair is preferably adopted. Specifically, the moving member 53 includes a slider, a second motor and a lead screw; one end of the moving plate is connected to the slider, and the slider is slidably arranged on the track; the second motor is fixedly installed on the first fixing plate, and the output end of the second motor is connected to one end of the lead screw; the other end of the lead screw passes through the slider and is arranged in the track; the slider is provided with an internal thread that cooperates with the lead screw.

[0067] Preferably, a first clamping assembly 3 for clamping the scion is further arranged at the round hole; the first clamping assembly 3 includes a circular ring 31 and a plurality of telescopic members; the plurality of telescopic members are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed in the inner ring of the circular ring 31, and the circular ring 31 is installed on the round hole.

[0068] In this embodiment, the size of the circular ring 31 is the same as that of the round hole.

[0069] Preferably, the telescopic member includes a telescopic rod 32, a return spring 34 and a clamping plate 33; the first end of the telescopic rod 32 is connected to the inner ring of the circular ring 31, and the second end of the telescopic rod 32 is connected to the clamping plate 33; the return spring 34 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 32, and the first end of the return spring 34 abuts against the inner ring of the circular ring 31, and the second end of the return spring 34 abuts against the clamping plate 33.

[0070] In this embodiment, the clamping plate 33 is an arc plate.

[0071] Working principle: A grafting method of a fruit tree grafting scion cutting device includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Cut the cultivated rootstock at a position 8 - 10 cm above the ground, and select one end of the relatively straight scion to make a long bevel.

[0073] S2. Vertically insert the scion into the round hole into the peeling cavity, and the first clamping assembly clamps the scion.

[0074] S3. Start the first motor to drive the rotating table to rotate. At the same time, the moving part drives the moving plate to move towards the center point of the rotating table to shave off the phloem of the scion, with a slight amount of xylem, and the shaving surface is 2 cm. It is required that the shaving surface is flat, smooth, and does not fluff. Among them, when the light sensor detects that the scion forms green tissue, the first motor stops working. Take out the scion. If it does not meet the requirements, insert the scion into the peeling cavity again, press the button, make the first motor drive the rotating table to perform the cutting operation, and the moving part drives the moving plate to move towards the center point of the rotating table until the scion meets the requirements, then release the button; the moving part drives the moving plate to reset.

[0075] S4. Take out the scion, with 1 - 2 buds left on the scion. At 0.5 cm above the bud, vertically insert it into the cutting opening, and the first micro - oil cylinder drives the flat - cutting knife to move horizontally to cut the scion transversely.

[0076] S5. After cutting, insert the shaved - surface end of the scion into the cutting opening, and the second micro - oil cylinder drives the inclined - cutting knife to obliquely cut the scion; the processing of the scion is completed.

[0077] S6. Select the smooth - bark side at the cut of the rootstock. First, use a knife to obliquely shave off a small piece, and then cut a 2 - cm - long incision downward between the phloem and the xylem to shave off part of the xylem.

[0078] S7. Insert the long - shaved surface of the scion against the inner side of the rootstock into the rootstock incision, and align the cambium of the scion and the rootstock; among them, if the thickness of the rootstock and the scion is different, it should be inserted against one side to align one - side cambium.

[0079] S8. Tie the rootstock and the scion tightly with plastic film, and tightly seal the interface of the scion and the rootstock to prevent drying and rainwater intrusion.

[0080] As described above, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any limitation on the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any minor modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above - mentioned embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for grafting scions of fruit trees, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing, the inner cavity of the housing having an independently provided cutting cavity and a control cavity; A cutting mechanism, the cutting mechanism being arranged in the cutting cavity for cutting scions; A control mechanism, the control mechanism being arranged in the control cavity and connected to the cutting mechanism for controlling the operation of the cutting mechanism.

2. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting mechanism includes a cutter assembly and a rotating cutter assembly; the cutting cavity is separated into a cutter cavity and a peeling cavity by a partition; The cutter assembly is arranged in the cutter cavity for obliquely cutting scions; The rotating cutter assembly is arranged in the peeling cavity and connected to the control mechanism for peeling the phloem of the scions.

3. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes an optical sensor, the optical sensor being arranged on the rotating cutter assembly for detecting whether green tissue is formed on the scions; the optical sensor is connected to the control mechanism.

4. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control mechanism includes an automatic control module, a manual control module and a cutter control module; the outer side wall of the control cavity is provided with a first button, a second button and a third button; The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the optical sensor, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the rotating cutter assembly; The input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the rotating cutter assembly.

5. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cutter assembly includes an oblique cutting member and a flat cutting member; the top wall of the cutting cavity is provided with a cutting opening; The flat cutting member is horizontally arranged in the cutting cavity and located below the cutting opening; the oblique cutting member is obliquely arranged in the cutting cavity and located below the flat cutting member; The cutter control module includes a flat cutting control module and an oblique cutting control module; the input end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the flat cutting member; the input end of the oblique cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the oblique cutting control module is connected to the oblique cutting member.

6. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, On the two opposite side walls of the cutting cavity, a flat cutting groove and an oblique cutting groove are provided, the flat cutting groove being located above the oblique cutting groove; wherein, the flat cutting groove is arranged parallel to the bottom of the cutting cavity, and the oblique cutting groove is obliquely arranged; The flat cutting member includes a flat cutting knife and two first micro hydraulic cylinders; the two ends of the flat cutting knife are provided with first sliders, and the first sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the flat cutting grooves; the two first micro hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged in the flat cutting grooves, and the output ends of the first micro hydraulic cylinders are connected to the first sliders; The oblique cutting member includes an oblique cutting knife and two second micro hydraulic cylinders; the two ends of the oblique cutting knife are provided with second sliders, and the second sliders are respectively slidably arranged in the oblique cutting grooves; the two second micro hydraulic cylinders are respectively arranged in the oblique cutting grooves, and the output ends of the second micro hydraulic cylinders are connected to the second sliders; The input end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the second button, and the output end of the flat cutting control module is connected to the first micro hydraulic cylinder; the input end of the oblique cutting control module is connected to the third button, and the output end of the oblique cutting control module is connected to the second micro hydraulic cylinder.

7. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating knife assembly includes a first motor and a rotating table; a circular hole is formed in the top wall of the peeling cavity, and a mounting plate is further arranged in the peeling cavity; The rotating table is rotatably arranged on the mounting plate, and the rotating table is located directly below the circular hole; wherein, a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotating table; a track coinciding with the diameter of the rotating table is arranged on the rotating table, and a moving plate is slidably arranged on the track; a blade is arranged on one side of the moving plate close to the center point of the rotating table; a moving member is arranged on the first fixing plate, the moving member is connected to the moving plate, and the moving member is used to drive the moving plate to move on the track; The first motor is arranged at the bottom of the peeling cavity, and the output end of the first motor passes through the mounting plate through a shaft and is connected to the rotating table; The input end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the optical sensor, and the output end of the automatic control module is signal-connected to the first motor and the moving member; the input end of the manual control module is connected to the first button, and the output end of the manual control module is electrically connected to the first motor and the moving member.

8. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first clamping assembly for clamping the scion is further arranged at the circular hole; the first clamping assembly includes a circular ring and a plurality of telescopic members; the plurality of telescopic members are circumferentially and arrayedly distributed in the inner ring of the circular ring, and the circular ring is installed on the circular hole.

9. A fruit tree grafting scion cutting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The telescopic member includes a telescopic rod, a return spring and a clamping plate; the first end of the telescopic rod is connected to the inner ring of the circular ring, and the second end of the telescopic rod is connected to the clamping plate; the return spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and the first end of the return spring abuts against the inner ring of the circular ring, and the second end of the return spring abuts against the clamping plate.

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