Biological tibia prosthesis and biological knee joint prosthesis

Abstract

The utility model provides a biological tibia prosthesis and a biological knee joint prosthesis. The biological type tibia prosthesis comprises a tibia support, a tibia prosthesis middle column is arranged on the bottom face of the tibia support, a rotatable ratchet wheel is arranged on the tibia prosthesis middle column, at least part of the ratchet wheel protrudes out of the outer surface of the tibia prosthesis middle column, a stop assembly is further arranged in the tibia prosthesis middle column, and the stop assembly can limit one-way rotation of the ratchet wheel. When the tibia prosthesis center pillar moves towards the inside of the medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel rotates under the action of the wall of the medullary cavity, and when the tibia prosthesis center pillar moves towards the outside of the medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel is kept in a static state under the action of the locking assembly. The biological knee joint prosthesis comprises the biological tibia prosthesis. According to the biological type tibia prosthesis, when the middle column of the tibia prosthesis moves towards the inside of a medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel can still be embedded into bone cortex and has a fixing function, and when the middle column of the tibia prosthesis moves towards the outside of the medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel is kept in a static state under the action of the stop assembly and has an anti-pulling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a biological tibial prosthesis and a biological knee joint prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] Knee joint replacement surgery can effectively solve the knee joint diseases of patients, relieve the pain of patients, and restore the knee joint function of patients to a certain extent. With the rapid development of medical device technology and the continuous improvement of people's requirements for the safety, effectiveness, etc. of knee joint prostheses, the knee joint prosthesis technology is more mature and perfect, and different types of knee joint prostheses have emerged one after another.

[0003] Therefore, the application of biological knee joint prostheses is becoming more and more extensive, especially among young patients. The biological knee joint prosthesis achieves biological fixation through the direct bone ingrowth of bone and prosthesis. It overcomes the disadvantages of the mechanical bonding of cemented prostheses, promotes the integration of the prosthesis and bone tissue, improves the long-term stability of the prosthesis, and is convenient for later revision, with broad application prospects. For biological knee joint prostheses, whether a firm initial stability can be obtained is an important factor affecting its later bone ingrowth and long-term stability.

[0004] At present, the biological knee joint prosthesis is mainly fixed by the interference press-fit method, and the artificial tibial tray is fixed on the tibia to obtain a certain initial stability. However, the existing biological knee joint prosthesis is prone to loosening under walking loads, and complications such as tibial tray subsidence or tilting often occur, resulting in insufficient initial stability of the tibial tray. The reason is mostly that the tibial tray fails to achieve effective fixation or the transverse shear force generated by eccentric load causes micro-movement or displacement between the prosthesis-bone interface.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a locking structure that can enhance the initial stability of the biological knee joint prosthesis by strengthening the locking between the knee joint prosthesis and the tibia, and at the same time promote later bone ingrowth, which is of great significance for improving the service life of the prosthesis in the young patient group. The existing locking structures cannot continue to anchor the bone mass in the face of prosthesis subsidence and lose the locking effect. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a biological knee joint prosthesis, especially with a simple structure and a one-way ratchet design, which enables the tibial prosthesis to better lock with the tibia and has strong firmness.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0008] Biological tibial prosthesis, including a tibial tray, a tibial prosthesis central column is provided on the bottom surface of the tibial tray, a rotatable ratchet is provided on the tibial prosthesis central column, at least a part of the ratchet protrudes from the outer surface of the tibial prosthesis central column, and a stop assembly is further provided inside the tibial prosthesis central column. The stop assembly can limit the one-way rotation of the ratchet. When the tibial prosthesis central column moves into the medullary cavity, the ratchet rotates under the action of the medullary cavity wall. When the tibial prosthesis central column moves out of the medullary cavity, the ratchet remains stationary under the action of the stop assembly.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, a groove is provided on the tibial prosthesis central column, the ratchet is placed in the groove, a central hole is provided in the center of the ratchet, a rotating shaft is provided in the central hole, and both ends of the rotating shaft are fixedly connected to the tibial prosthesis central column. The ratchet rotates around the rotating shaft.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, the stop assembly includes a stop tooth and a spring. The spring is connected to one end of the stop tooth, and the other end of the stop tooth engages with the teeth of the ratchet.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, a guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the groove, the spring and the stop tooth are arranged in the guide groove, the outer surface of the stop tooth fits with the guide groove, and the stop tooth can move along the length direction of the guide groove.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, there are multiple ratchets, and the multiple ratchets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tibial prosthesis central column.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, the tibial tray is a kidney-shaped platform tray.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, a reinforcing plate is connected between the tibial prosthesis central column and the tibial tray.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the above biological tibial prosthesis, a biological coating is provided on the ratchet.

[0016] Biological knee prosthesis, including the above biological tibial prosthesis.

[0017] The advantages and positive effects of the biological knee prosthesis are:

[0018] The bioactive tibial prosthesis of the present utility model is provided with a stop component and a ratchet. When the middle column of the tibial prosthesis moves into the medullary cavity, the ratchet rotates under the action of the medullary cavity wall, and the ratchet can still be embedded in the bone cortex, having a fixing effect. When the middle column of the tibial prosthesis moves out of the medullary cavity, the ratchet remains stationary under the action of the stop component, having an anti-pull-out effect. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of the bioactive tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the bioactive tibial prosthesis provided by the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 The partial enlarged view at A in

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 1. Tibial tray;

[0024] 2. Middle column of the tibial prosthesis; 21. Groove; 22. Guide groove;

[0025] 3. Ratchet;

[0026] 4. Stop component; 41. Stop tooth; 42. Spring;

[0027] 5. Rotating shaft;

[0028] 6. Reinforcing plate. Detailed Embodiment

[0029] Next, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The following further describes the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0033] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, this embodiment provides a biological tibial prosthesis, which includes a tibial tray 1. A tibial prosthesis central column 2 is provided on the bottom surface of the tibial tray 1. A rotatable ratchet 3 is provided on the tibial prosthesis central column 2. At least a part of the ratchet 3 protrudes from the outer surface of the tibial prosthesis central column 2. A ratchet 3 is also provided inside the tibial prosthesis central column 2. A stop assembly 4 can limit the one-way rotation of the ratchet 3. When the tibial prosthesis central column 2 moves into the medullary cavity, the ratchet 3 rotates under the action of the medullary cavity wall. When the tibial prosthesis central column 2 moves out of the medullary cavity, the ratchet 3 remains stationary under the action of the stop assembly 4. A Ti-HA coating is sprayed on the lower surface of the tibial tray 1 and the outer surface of the tibial prosthesis central column 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, due to the provision of the stop assembly 4 and the ratchet 3, when the tibial prosthesis central column 2 moves into the medullary cavity, the ratchet 3 rotates under the action of the medullary cavity wall, and the ratchet 3 can still be embedded in the bone cortex, having a fixing effect. When the tibial prosthesis central column 2 moves out of the medullary cavity, the ratchet 3 remains stationary under the action of the stop assembly 4, having an anti-pull-out effect.

[0035] The tibial prosthesis central column 2 is provided with a groove 21. The ratchet 3 is placed in the groove 21. A central hole is provided in the center of the ratchet 3. A rotating shaft 5 is provided in the central hole. Both ends of the rotating shaft 5 are fixedly connected to the tibial prosthesis central column 2. The ratchet 3 rotates around the rotating shaft 5.

[0036] The stop assembly 4 includes a stop tooth 41 and a spring 42. The spring 42 is connected to one end of the stop tooth 41. The other end of the stop tooth 41 meshes with the teeth of the ratchet 3. A guiding groove 22 is provided on the inner wall of the groove 21. The spring 42 and the stop tooth 41 are arranged in the guiding groove 22. The outer surface of the stop tooth 41 fits with the guiding groove 22, and the stop tooth 41 can move along the length direction of the guiding groove 22 to ensure the stability of the stop tooth 41 and obtain good stopping performance for the ratchet 3.

[0037] In this embodiment, the stop tooth 41 is integrally columnar, and the other end of the stop tooth 41 is in an independent tooth shape and meshes with the teeth of the ratchet 3.

[0038] There are multiple ratchets 3, and the multiple ratchets 3 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the middle column 2 of the tibial prosthesis. Specifically, there are three ratchets 3 in this embodiment, and the three ratchets 3 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the middle column 2 of the tibial prosthesis. In other embodiments, two ratchets 3 can be selected and the two ratchets 3 are symmetrically arranged, as long as it can ensure that the middle column 2 of the tibial prosthesis is evenly affected by the ratchets 3 in all directions.

[0039] In this embodiment, the tibial tray 1 is a kidney-shaped platform tray.

[0040] In this embodiment, a reinforcing plate 6 is connected between the middle column 2 of the tibial prosthesis and the tibial tray 1, ensuring good stability of the tibial prosthesis. The reinforcing plate 6 is in the shape of a right triangle, and the two right-angled sides are in contact with the lower surface of the tibial tray 11 and the outer surface of the middle column 2 of the tibial prosthesis respectively.

[0041] In this embodiment, the ratchet 3 is provided with a biological coating, which can promote bone ingrowth.

[0042] This embodiment also provides a biological knee joint prosthesis, and the biological knee joint prosthesis includes a biological tibial plateau prosthesis.

[0043] The above has described in detail an embodiment of the present invention, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the application of the present invention shall still fall within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

Claims

1. Biologic tibial prosthesis, characterized in that: It includes a tibial tray (1), a tibial prosthesis central column (2) is provided on the bottom surface of the tibial tray (1), a rotatable ratchet wheel (3) is provided on the tibial prosthesis central column (2), at least part of the ratchet wheel (3) protrudes from the outer surface of the tibial prosthesis central column (2), a stop assembly (4) is further provided inside the tibial prosthesis central column (2), and the stop assembly (4) can limit the one-way rotation of the ratchet wheel (3). When the tibial prosthesis central column (2) moves into the medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel (3) rotates under the action of the medullary cavity wall. When the tibial prosthesis central column (2) moves out of the medullary cavity, the ratchet wheel (3) remains stationary under the action of the stop assembly (4).

2. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: The tibial prosthesis central column (2) is provided with a groove (21), the ratchet wheel (3) is placed in the groove (21), a central hole is provided in the center of the ratchet wheel (3), a rotating shaft (5) is provided in the central hole, and both ends of the rotating shaft (5) are fixedly connected to the tibial prosthesis central column (2), and the ratchet wheel (3) rotates around the rotating shaft (5).

3. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 2, wherein: The stop assembly (4) includes a stop tooth (41) and a spring (42), the spring (42) is connected to one end of the stop tooth (41), and the other end of the stop tooth (41) meshes with the teeth of the ratchet wheel (3).

4. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 3, wherein: A guide groove (22) is provided on the inner wall of the groove (21), the spring (42) and the stop tooth (41) are arranged in the guide groove (22), the outer surface of the stop tooth (41) fits with the guide groove (22), and the stop tooth (41) can move along the length direction of the guide groove (22).

5. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: There are multiple ratchet wheels (3), and the multiple ratchet wheels (3) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the tibial prosthesis central column (2).

6. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tibial tray (1) is a kidney-shaped platform tray.

7. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: A reinforcing plate (6) is connected between the tibial prosthesis central column (2) and the tibial tray (1).

8. The biologic tibial prosthesis according to claim 1, wherein: The ratchet wheel (3) is provided with a biological coating.

9. Biological knee joint prosthesis, characterized in that: It includes the biological tibial prosthesis according to any one of claims 1-8.

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