Seasonal cutoff river ecological system
By setting up water ditches, wetland bubbles and filter weirs in the river channel, the ecosystem crisis of seasonal rivers in the dry season is solved, the ecosystem stability and water quality improvement are achieved, and the ecological diversity and landscape effect of the river channel are enriched.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422083326.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
Seasonal rivers have broken down in the dry season, which is difficult to meet ecological and landscape needs, affecting the stability of the river ecosystem.
The ecosystem design is adopted to combine water gutters and wetland bubbles. The gutters are set at the bottom of the river channel, and the wetland bubbles are set at intervals along the gutters. Combined with the first and second aquatic organisms, the filter weirs are set perpendicular to the river channel, forming a variety of water conservancy conditions. The wetland bubbles have the function of impurity precipitation.
Without affecting the flood driving function of river channels, maintain ecosystem diversity, improve river water quality, enrich ecological diversity, create diversified habitat space, and improve landscape effects.
Smart Images
Figure CN223175871U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of river ecosystems, and more specifically, relates to a seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem. Background Art
[0002] Due to the influence of seasonal factors, some rivers show seasonal characteristics, and the water flow in these rivers is intermittent. During the wet season, water flows are formed in the river channels, and during some periods, affected by rainfall, there are often states of surging floods. During the dry season, the water bodies in the river channels will have the problem of flow interruption, resulting in the exposure of the riverbed, and then leading to a crisis in the river channel ecosystem. The above - mentioned rivers are difficult to meet the conventional needs in aspects such as landscape, ecology, and irrigation, and are not conducive to maintaining the stability of the ecosystem. Summary of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem, which can make the ecological flow in the river channel reach the standard and meet the needs in aspects such as ecology and landscape.
[0004] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem, including a water storage ditch and wetland ponds. The water storage ditch is arranged at the bottom of the river channel and extends in a zigzag manner along the trend of the river channel. A number of wetland ponds are arranged at intervals along the trend of the water storage ditch. The water storage ditch is connected to the wetland ponds. The wetland ponds are set concave with respect to the water storage ditch. The water storage ditch is provided with a first pebble layer and first aquatic organisms, and the wetland ponds are provided with a second pebble layer and second aquatic organisms.
[0005] In a possible implementation manner, the seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem further includes a filtering weir arranged perpendicular to the trend of the river channel. The filtering weir is a gravel layer, the top surface of the filtering weir is flush with the bottom wall of the river channel, and the depth of the filtering weir is equal to the depth of the water storage ditch.
[0006] In some embodiments, a water - filtering weir located in the water storage ditch is provided on the filtering weir. The water - filtering weir includes a filtering stone cage and first volcanic rocks arranged in the filtering stone cage. The outer periphery of the first volcanic rocks is coated with an anti - seepage geotextile membrane, and the particle size of the first volcanic rocks is 80 mm to 160 mm.
[0007] In a possible implementation manner, the water storage ditch is 0.3 - 0.5 m lower than the bottom wall elevation of the river channel, and the depth of the wetland pond is 0.5 m - 0.7 m lower than the depth of the water storage ditch.
[0008] In some embodiments, the seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem further includes an anti - scouring protection layer embedded on the bottom wall of the water storage ditch, and the anti - scouring protection layer is arranged adjacent to the filtering weir.
[0009] In some embodiments, the impact-resistant protection layer is respectively arranged upstream and downstream of each filtering weir. The top wall of the impact-resistant protection layer is flush with the bottom wall of the water storage ditch. The depth of the impact-resistant protection layer is 0.3m - 0.5m, and the length of the impact-resistant protection layer is greater than 10m.
[0010] In a possible implementation manner, two branch ditches are provided in the middle of the water storage ditch. The two branch ditches are arranged in parallel and are respectively used to guide the water flow. The water inlet ends of the two branch ditches are communicated with each other, and the water outlet ends of the two branch ditches are also communicated with each other. The middle parts of the two branch ditches bend and extend towards the opposite sides.
[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the cross-section of the water storage ditch is trapezoidal. The width of the upper bottom of the water storage ditch is 1 / 5 - 1 / 10 of the average width of the river channel. The depth of the water storage ditch is 0.3m - 0.5m, and the slope ratio of the trapezoidal cross-section of the water storage ditch is 1:2 - 1:3.
[0012] In a possible implementation manner, the slope ratio of the slope around the wetland bubble is 1:2 - 1:3, and the area of the wetland bubble should be greater than 100㎡.
[0013] In a possible implementation manner, the first aquatic organism is arranged at the bottom of the water storage ditch, the second aquatic organism is arranged at the bottom of the wetland bubble, the first pebble layer is located at the bottom of the water storage ditch and is arranged close to the two side walls of the water storage ditch, and the second pebble layer is located on the peripheral wall of the wetland bubble.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the solution shown in the embodiment of the present application combines the water storage ditch and the wetland bubble to store the water level during the dry season when the river is dry and cut off, avoiding the river from drying up and cutting off under the premise of not affecting the flood discharge function of the river channel. By setting the first aquatic organism and the second aquatic organism, the diversity of the ecosystem is maintained. The water storage ditch can form various complex water conservancy conditions such as rapids and slow currents, and the wetland bubble has the function of impurity precipitation, which not only improves the water quality of the river channel, but also enriches the ecological diversity of the river channel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
[0016] Figure 1 It is the front sectional view structure schematic diagram of the seasonal dry-up river ecosystem provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 It is the top view structure schematic diagram of the seasonal dry-up river ecosystem provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 For the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 The schematic front sectional view structure of the water storage ditch in it;
[0019] Figure 4 For the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 1 The schematic front sectional view structure of the wetland pond in it;
[0020] Figure 5 For the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 The schematic sectional view structure of A-A in it;
[0021] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present utility model Figure 2 The schematic sectional view structure of B-B in it.
[0022] Among them, each reference numeral in the figure:
[0023] 1. Water storage ditch; 11. First pebble layer; 12. First aquatic organism; 13. Branch ditch; 2. Wetland pond; 21. Second pebble layer; 22. Second aquatic organism; 3. Filter weir; 4. Water filtering weir; 41. Filter stone cage; 42. First volcanic rock; 5. Anti-scouring protection layer; 6. River channel. Specific implementation manners
[0024] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.
[0025] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0026] Please refer to together Figures 1 to 6, the seasonal dry - flow river ecosystem provided by the present utility model will now be described. The seasonal dry - flow river ecosystem includes a water - storage ditch 1 and wetland ponds 2. The water - storage ditch 1 is arranged at the bottom of the river channel 6 and extends in a bent manner along the trend of the river channel 6. A number of wetland ponds 2 are arranged at intervals along the trend of the water - storage ditch 1. The water - storage ditch 1 is communicated with the wetland ponds 2. The wetland ponds 2 are recessed below the water - storage ditch 1. The water - storage ditch 1 is provided with a first pebble layer 11 and a first aquatic organism 12, and the wetland ponds 2 are provided with a second pebble layer 21 and a second aquatic organism 22.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the seasonal dry - flow river ecosystem provided in this embodiment combines the water - storage ditch 1 and the wetland ponds 2 to store water levels during the dry - flow period of low water, avoiding the dry - flow of the river channel 6 without affecting the flood - discharge function of the river channel 6. By setting the first aquatic organism 12 and the second aquatic organism 22, the diversity of the ecosystem is maintained. The water - storage ditch 1 can form various complex hydraulic conditions such as rapids and slow - flowing waters, and the wetland ponds 2 have the function of impurity precipitation, not only improving the water quality of the river channel 6, but also enriching the ecological diversity of the river channel 6.
[0028] In this embodiment, the ecological water - storage method combining the water - storage ditch 1 and the wetland ponds 2 is applicable to the water - quality improvement and ecological restoration of the seasonally dry - flowing river channel 6. Both the first aquatic organism 12 arranged in the water - storage ditch 1 and the second aquatic organism 22 arranged in the wetland ponds 2 have good water - purification functions and can purify the water quality of the river channel 6.
[0029] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the seasonal dry - flow river ecosystem further includes a filter weir 3 arranged perpendicular to the trend of the river channel 6. The filter weir 3 is a gravel layer, the top surface of the filter weir 3 is flush with the bottom wall of the river channel 6, and the depth of the filter weir 3 is equal to the depth of the water - storage ditch 1.
[0030] In this embodiment, the adoption of different topographic structures of "ditch - pond - weir" solves the water - shortage problem of the seasonally dry - flowing river channel 6 and can effectively maintain the ecological base flow of the river channel 6. The setting of the filter weir 3 can purify the water quality, contribute to improving the water quality of the river channel 6, create a diverse habitat space, and at the same time enhance the landscape effect of the water area.
[0031] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , a water - filtering weir 4 for filtering water flow is arranged on the filter weir 3 and is located in the water - storage ditch 1. The water - filtering weir 4 includes a filtering stone cage 41 and a first volcanic rock 42 arranged in the filtering stone cage 41. The outer periphery of the first volcanic rock 42 is coated with an anti - seepage geotextile membrane, and the particle size of the first volcanic rock 42 is 80 mm to 160 mm.
[0032] In this embodiment, the filtering weir 3 is arranged perpendicular to the direction of the river channel 6, that is, perpendicular to the direction of the water flow. The top surface of the filtering weir 3 is flush with the bottom wall of the river channel 6. The water filtering weir 4 in the middle of the filtering weir 3 intersects and communicates with the water storage ditch 1, and the water flow in the water storage ditch 1 is filtered by the water filtering weir 4. The part of the filtering weir 3 located outside the water storage ditch 1 has a gravel layer structure, which has the function of resisting the impact of water flow.
[0033] During the non-dry period, the gravel layer of the filtering weir 3 can serve as a shelter and breeding habitat for aquatic animals such as fish. The setting of the gravel layer also helps to form a relatively large water depth, turbulence and flow velocity gradient, which is helpful to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water body.
[0034] Specifically, the water filtering weir 4 adopts the form of a combination of a filtering stone cage 41 and a first volcanic rock 42. The first volcanic rock 42 is arranged inside the filtering stone cage 41. Restricted by the filtering stone cage 41, it can be prevented from being displaced by the impact of water flow. In order to isolate the filtering weir 3 and the water filtering weir 4 from each other, an anti-seepage membrane coating layer capable of covering the outer periphery of the volcanic rock is also arranged in the filtering stone cage 41.
[0035] In a possible implementation manner, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the water storage ditch 1 is 0.3 - 0.5 m lower than the bottom wall elevation of the river channel 6, and the depth of the wetland pond 2 is 0.5 m - 0.7 m lower than the depth of the water storage ditch 1.
[0036] In this embodiment, the bottom wall elevation of the river channel 6 is defined as zero. A filtering weir pit for installing the filtering weir 3 is excavated in the dry river channel 6, and a water system with interlaced water flows can be formed between the filtering weir pit and the water storage ditch 1. The water storage ditch 1 has a trapezoidal cross-section. The water storage ditch 1 is 0.3 - 0.5 m lower than the bottom wall elevation of the river channel 6, that is, the depth of the water storage ditch 1 is 0.3 - 0.5 m. The designed width of the upper bottom of the water storage ditch 1 is 1 / 5 - 1 / 10 of the average width of the river channel 6, and the slope ratio of the trapezoidal cross-section is 1:2 - 1:3.
[0037] In the direction of the river channel 6, the width of the filtering weir 3 is 4 - 6 m. The water storage ditch 1 has a trapezoidal cross-section, and the designed width of the upper bottom is 1 / 5 - 1 / 10 of the average width of the river channel 6. The water storage ditch 1 is arranged in a meandering manner, which is convenient for enriching the water flow pattern.
[0038] At the same time, the first vegetation planted in the water storage ditch is submerged plants, and the first pebble layer 11 is placed in a scattered manner. The combination of aquatic plants and pebbles provides more living space and food sources for organisms, increases the ecological diversity of the water storage ditch 1, and is beneficial to maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity. The particle size of the first pebble layer 11 is φ50 mm - φ150 mm, and the ratio of large, medium and small particle sizes of the first pebble layer 11 is 1:3:6. The water storage ditch 1 extends in a meandering manner in the river channel 6, which is convenient for enriching the water flow pattern. The curvature of the water storage ditch 1 can be determined by landscape design.
[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the seasonal stream - cutoff river ecosystem further includes an erosion - resistant layer 5 embedded in the bottom wall of the water storage ditch 1, and the erosion - resistant layer 5 is arranged adjacent to the filter weir 3. The erosion - resistant layer 5 is respectively arranged upstream and downstream of each filter weir 3. The top wall of the erosion - resistant layer 5 is flush with the bottom wall of the water storage ditch 1. The depth of the erosion - resistant layer 5 is 0.3m - 0.5m, and the length of the erosion - resistant layer 5 is greater than 10m.
[0040] In this embodiment, erosion - resistant layers 5 are respectively laid upstream and downstream of the filter weir 3, and the length of the erosion - resistant layer 5 is 8m - 12m. The top wall of the erosion - resistant layer 5 is flush with the bottom wall of the water storage ditch 1 to avoid blocking the water flow in the water storage ditch 1. The depth of the erosion - resistant layer 5 from the bottom wall of the water storage ditch 1 downward is 0.3m - 0.5m, and it is formed by gravel particles with a particle size of φ100mm - φ500mm.
[0041] In a possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , two branch ditches 13 are provided in the middle of the water storage ditch 1, arranged side by side and respectively used to guide the water flow. The water inlet ends of the two branch ditches 13 are connected, the water outlet ends of the two branch ditches 13 are also connected, and the middle parts of the two branch ditches 13 bend and extend towards the opposite sides.
[0042] In this embodiment, the water storage ditch 1 can be set as a single - ditch structure, or two branch ditches 13 can be set at positions of the water storage ditch 1 except for both ends. The branch ditches 13 receive water from the upstream water storage ditch 1 and gradually converge into the downstream water storage ditch 1, forming an approximate braided structure, which helps to enrich the water flow pattern. The middle parts of the two branch ditches 13 bulge outwards to form an approximate arc structure, and its curvature can be determined by landscape design, which helps to improve the aesthetic degree of the landscape.
[0043] In a possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the cross - section of the water storage ditch 1 is trapezoidal. The upper - bottom width of the water storage ditch 1 is 1 / 5 - 1 / 10 of the average width of the river channel 6, the depth of the water storage ditch 1 is 0.3m - 0.5m, and the slope ratio of the trapezoidal cross - section of the water storage ditch 1 is 1:2 - 1:3. The above settings make the water storage capacity of the water storage ditch 1 match the water flow of the river channel 6, which helps to improve the structural stability of the water storage ditch 1, meet the demand of the ecological base flow in the river channel 6. In addition, this setting can also improve the aesthetic degree of the water storage ditch 1, and at the same time, it is convenient to arrange the wetland pond 2 to achieve the effect of enriching the water flow pattern.
[0044] In a possible implementation, referring to Figures 1 to 6 , the slope ratio of the slope around the wetland pond 2 is 1:2 - 1:3, and the area of the wetland pond 2 should be greater than 100㎡.
[0045] In this embodiment, the wetland pond 2 should have a certain volume, and its area should be greater than 100 ㎡ to have sufficient water storage capacity. The slope of the side slopes around the wetland pond 2 is 1:2 - 1:3, which is the same as the slope ratio of the trapezoidal cross-section of the water storage ditch 1, helping to slow down the impact force of the water flow in the water storage ditch 1 on the wetland pond 2 and helping to ensure the structural stability of the wetland pond 2. The width or diameter of a single wetland pond 2 should be greater than 2m, and one or more wetland ponds 2 can be set according to the length of the river.
[0046] In a possible implementation, please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , the first aquatic organism 12 is arranged at the bottom of the water storage ditch 1, the second aquatic organism 22 is arranged at the bottom of the wetland pond 2, the first pebble layer 11 is located at the bottom of the water storage ditch 1 and is arranged close to the two side walls of the water storage ditch 1, and the second pebble layer 21 is located on the peripheral wall of the wetland pond 2.
[0047] In this embodiment, both the first vegetation in the water storage ditch 1 and the second vegetation in the wetland pond 2 use hygrophytes, which can effectively purify the water quality. The first pebble layer 11 in the water storage ditch 1 is formed by pebbles of different particle sizes of large, medium and small, which can play a role in preventing scouring.
[0048] The second pebble layer 21 on the inner peripheral wall of the wetland pond 2 can combine with aquatic plants to provide more living space and food sources for organisms, increasing the ecological diversity of the water storage ditch 1. The wetland pond 2 provides a refuge and overwintering place for organisms such as fish during the flood season, dry season and winter. The wetland pond 2 also has a good sedimentation effect, increasing the hydraulic retention time of the river water, sedimenting the particulate suspended matter in the water, and reducing the pollutant treatment load of the downstream filter weir 3.
[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. The seasonal flow interruption river ecosystem is characterized in that The invention comprises a water storage ditch (1) and a wetland bubble (2), wherein the water storage ditch (1) is arranged at the bottom of a river channel (6) and bends and extends along the direction of the river channel (6), and a plurality of wetland bubbles (2) are arranged at intervals along the direction of the water storage ditch (1), the water storage ditch (1) is connected to the wetland bubble (2), and the wetland bubble (2) is arranged concave in the water storage ditch (1), a first pebble layer (11) and a first aquatic organism (12) are arranged in the water storage ditch (1), and a second pebble layer (21) and a second aquatic organism (22) are arranged in the wetland bubble (2).
2. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to claim 1, wherein, The seasonal dry-up river ecosystem further comprises a filter weir (3) arranged perpendicular to the direction of the river channel (6); the filter weir (3) is a gravel layer; the top surface of the filter weir (3) is flush with the bottom wall of the river channel (6); and the depth of the filter weir (3) is equal to the depth of the water storage ditch (1).
3. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter weir (3) is provided with a filter weir (4) located in the water storage ditch (1) for filtering water flow. The filter weir (4) comprises a filter gabion (41) and a first volcanic rock (42) arranged in the filter gabion (41). The outer periphery of the first volcanic rock (42) is covered with an anti-seepage geomembrane. The particle size of the first volcanic rock (42) is 80 mm to 160 mm.
4. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water storage ditch (1) is 0.3-0.5m lower than the bottom wall elevation of the river channel (6), and the depth of the wetland bubble (2) is 0.5m-0.7m lower than the depth of the water storage ditch (1).
5. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seasonal dry-up river ecosystem further comprises an anti-scour protective layer (5) embedded on the bottom wall of the water storage ditch (1), and the anti-scour protective layer (5) is arranged adjacent to the filter weir (3).
6. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to claim 5, wherein, The anti-impact protective layer (5) is respectively arranged upstream and downstream of each filter weir (3), the top wall of the anti-impact protective layer (5) is flush with the bottom wall of the water storage ditch (1), the depth of the anti-impact protective layer (5) is 0.3m-0.5m, and the length of the anti-impact protective layer (5) is greater than 10m.
7. The seasonal flow - interrupted river ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that, The middle part of the water storage ditch (1) is provided with two branch ditches (13) arranged in parallel and used for guiding water flow respectively. The water inlet ends of the two branch ditches (13) are connected, and the water outlet ends of the two branch ditches (13) are also connected. The middle parts of the two branch ditches (13) are bent and extended to the sides away from each other.
8. The seasonal stream - cutoff river ecosystem according to any one of claims 1 - 6, characterized in that, The cross section of the water storage ditch (1) is trapezoidal, the upper base width of the water storage ditch (1) is 1 / 5-1 / 10 of the average width of the river channel (6), the depth of the water storage ditch (1) is 0.3m-0.5m, and the slope ratio of the trapezoidal section of the water storage ditch (1) is 1:2-1:
3.
9. The seasonal-flow-interrupted river ecosystem according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The slope ratio of the wetland bubble (2) around it is 1:2-1:3, and the area of the wetland bubble (2) should be greater than 100 m2.
10. The seasonal flow-interrupted river ecosystem according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The first aquatic organism (12) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage ditch (1), the second aquatic organism (22) is arranged at the bottom of the wetland bubble (2), the first pebble layer (11) is located at the bottom of the water storage ditch (1) and is arranged close to the two side walls of the water storage ditch (1), and the second pebble layer (21) is located on the peripheral wall of the wetland bubble (2).