Battery cell, energy storage device and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cell, energy storage device and energy storage system relates to energy storage battery technical field, including shell and explosion-proof valve, shell is enclosed by a plurality of enclosing plate together and has the accommodation space that can hold the electrolyte, and the positive pole and negative pole set up on the enclosing plate, and the explosion-proof valve has the positive pole and negative pole set up on the enclosing plate. The enclosure plate provided with the positive pole and / or the negative pole is defined as a first enclosure plate, the other enclosure plates are defined as second enclosure plates, and the anti-explosion valve is arranged on the second enclosure plates, namely, the anti-explosion valve, the positive pole and the negative pole are arranged on different enclosure plates of the shell. The explosion-proof valve is arranged at the position, different from the electrode, of the shell, so that the possibility of combustion of the battery cell after the valve is opened due to thermal runaway is reduced, the safety of the energy storage system is improved, and main functional parts of the battery cell cannot be damaged when pressure is released.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, and more specifically, to a battery cell, an energy storage device and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the energy storage system industry, in order to meet the market demand for energy storage systems with higher energy density and more compact design, battery technology is also constantly progressing. However, with the increase in battery energy density and the compactification of battery design, the safety risks in high-voltage battery systems are also increasing. Especially in lithium-ion batteries, the phenomenon of electrolyte fire caused by high voltage is becoming more and more common, which poses a serious threat to the safety and reliability of energy storage systems.

[0003] The phenomenon of electrolyte fire is usually caused by thermal runaway inside the battery. When the battery overheats or is overcharged, the temperature and pressure inside the battery will rise rapidly, causing chemical reactions inside the battery, generating a large amount of gas and heat. If these gas and heat cannot be released in time, the pressure inside the battery will continue to rise, and eventually may lead to battery rupture, fire or even explosion.

[0004] To prevent this situation from occurring, the energy storage system needs to adopt a safer explosion-proof valve design to ensure the safety of the energy storage system. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a battery cell to improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0006] Another purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy storage device including the above battery cell.

[0007] Another purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy storage system including the above energy storage device.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A battery cell, comprising:

[0010] A housing, which is formed by enclosing multiple enclosing plates together. A positive electrode post and a negative electrode post are arranged on the enclosing plates. The enclosing plate provided with the positive electrode post and / or the negative electrode post is a first enclosing plate, and the remaining enclosing plates are second enclosing plates;

[0011] An explosion-proof valve, which is arranged on the second enclosing plate.

[0012] Optionally, in the above battery cell, the explosion-proof valve is one or more.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-described battery cell, a plurality of the explosion-proof valves are disposed on the same or different second enclosing plates.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-described battery cell, the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post are disposed on the same enclosing plate or different enclosing plates.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-described battery cell, the housing is formed by jointly enclosing six enclosing plates, and the six enclosing plates are respectively a top plate, a bottom plate, two end plates, and two side plates. The top plate and the bottom plate are arranged oppositely, the two end plates are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, the two side plates are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, and are connected to the two side plates;

[0016] One of the two end plates is the first enclosing plate and is provided with the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post, and the other one, together with the top plate, the bottom plate, and the two side plates, is the second enclosing plate.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-described battery cell, the explosion-proof valve is disposed at a middle position of the top plate and / or the bottom plate and / or the side plate or at one end away from the first enclosing plate.

[0018] Optionally, in the above-described battery cell, the thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve is greater than the thickness of the first enclosing plate;

[0019] The thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve is greater than the thickness of the second enclosing plate not provided with the explosion-proof valve.

[0020] An energy storage device includes the above-described battery cell.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-described energy storage device, a smoke exhaust device is further included. The smoke exhaust device is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet. The smoke inlet and the smoke outlet are communicated, and the explosion-proof valve is embedded in the smoke inlet.

[0022] An energy storage system includes the above-described energy storage device.

[0023] The battery cell provided by the present utility model includes a housing and an explosion-proof valve. The housing is formed by jointly enclosing a plurality of enclosing plates and has an accommodation space for accommodating electrolyte. The positive electrode post and the negative electrode post are disposed on the enclosing plates. The enclosing plate provided with the positive electrode post and / or the negative electrode post is defined as the first enclosing plate, and the remaining enclosing plates are the second enclosing plates. Then, the explosion-proof valve is disposed on the second enclosing plate, that is, the explosion-proof valve and the positive electrode post and the negative electrode post are disposed on different enclosing plates of the housing.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the electric core provided by the utility model sets the positions of the counter electrode and the explosion-proof valve, and arranges the explosion-proof valve at a position on the housing different from the electrode, reducing the possibility of combustion caused by the opening of the valve during thermal runaway of the electric core, improving the safety of the energy storage system, and ensuring that the main functional part of the electric core will not be damaged during pressure release.

[0025] The energy storage device and the energy storage system provided by the utility model include the above-mentioned electric core, so they also have the above-mentioned structure and beneficial effects. For other structures, reference is made to the prior art and will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the first electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figures 3 - 6 For Figure 2 the enlarged view of each part in

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the third electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 9 It is an exploded view of the third electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figures 10 - 12 For Figure 9 the enlarged view of each part in

[0034] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth electric core disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model.

[0035] Among them, 100 is the top plate, 101 is the side plate, 102 is the end plate, and 103 is the bottom plate;

[0036] 200 is the positive electrode post, and 201 is the negative electrode post;

[0037] 300 is an explosion-proof valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The core of the present utility model lies in disclosing a battery cell to improve the safety of the energy storage system.

[0039] Another core of the present utility model lies in disclosing an energy storage device including the above-mentioned battery cell.

[0040] Still another core of the present utility model lies in disclosing an energy storage system including the above-mentioned energy storage device.

[0041] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the embodiments shown below do not limit the content of the utility model described in the claims in any way. Additionally, all the contents of the configurations shown in the following embodiments are not necessarily essential for the solution of the utility model described in the claims. It should be noted that for ease of description, only the parts related to the relevant utility model are shown in the drawings. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present utility model can be combined with each other.

[0042] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 13 The battery cell disclosed by the present utility model includes a housing and an explosion-proof valve 300. The housing is jointly enclosed by a plurality of enclosing plates and has an accommodation space for accommodating electrolyte. A positive electrode terminal 200 and a negative electrode terminal 201 are arranged on the enclosing plates. The enclosing plate provided with the positive electrode terminal 200 and / or the negative electrode terminal 201 is defined as the first enclosing plate, and the remaining enclosing plates are the second enclosing plates. Then, the explosion-proof valve 300 is arranged on the second enclosing plate, that is, the explosion-proof valve 300 and the positive electrode terminal 200 and the negative electrode terminal 201 are arranged on different enclosing plates of the housing.

[0043] When the internal pressure of the battery cell increases to a certain extent due to overheating or other reasons, the explosion-proof valve 300 will automatically open, allowing the internal pressure and heat of the battery cell to be released by discharging gas. During this process, if the battery cell uses liquid electrolyte, the discharged gas may contain electrolyte vapor. In order to reduce the possibility of the electrolyte contacting the positive electrode terminal 200 and the negative electrode terminal 201 while releasing the internal pressure of the battery cell, the present utility model arranges the explosion-proof valve 300 and the positive electrode terminal 200 and the negative electrode terminal 201 on different enclosing plates of the housing, so that the liquid spraying position (that is, the position where the explosion-proof valve 300 is located) is far from the positive electrode terminal 200 and the negative electrode terminal 201, reducing the risk of the electrolyte contacting the electrodes (the positive electrode terminal 200 and the negative electrode terminal 201) and short-circuiting, and further causing the battery cell to catch fire or explode due to sparks or arcing.

[0044] Compared with the prior art arrangement of setting the electrode and the explosion-proof valve 300 on the same enclosing plate of the housing, the present utility model arranges the positions of the electrode and the explosion-proof valve 300, and sets the explosion-proof valve 300 at a position on the housing different from the electrode, reducing the possibility of combustion caused by the opening of the valve after thermal runaway of the battery cell, improving the safety of the energy storage system, and ensuring that the main functional parts of the battery cell will not be damaged during pressure release.

[0045] The above positive electrode post 200 and negative electrode post 201 can be arranged on the same enclosing plate or different enclosing plates. Preferably, they are arranged on the same enclosing plate for convenient wiring.

[0046] Specifically, according to the size of the battery cell, the number of explosion-proof valves 300 can be one or more. Multiple explosion-proof valves 300 can ensure the stability of valve opening and improve safety.

[0047] Furthermore, multiple explosion-proof valves 300 can be arranged on the same or different second enclosing plates.

[0048] The housing is usually in a regular cuboid shape. Combining Figure 1 , the housing is jointly enclosed by six enclosing plates. The six enclosing plates are respectively a top plate 100, a bottom plate 103, two end plates 102 and two side plates 101. The top plate 100 and the bottom plate 103 are arranged oppositely, and during normal use, the bottom plate 103 is usually located below the top plate 100 and is used for support. The two end plates 102 are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate 100 and the bottom plate 103. The two side plates 101 are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate 100 and the bottom plate 103 and are connected to the two side plates 101. One of the end plates 102 is provided with the positive electrode post 200 and the negative electrode post 201 and serves as the above-mentioned first enclosing plate, and the other one, together with the top plate 100, the bottom plate 103 and the two side plates 101, can all serve as the second enclosing plate, that is, the explosion-proof valve 300 can be arranged on any enclosing plate except the one where the positive electrode post 200 and the negative electrode post 201 are installed.

[0049] The explosion-proof valve 300 can be specifically arranged at the middle position of the top plate 100, the bottom plate 103 or the side plate 101 or at one end far from the first enclosing plate. Arranging it at the middle position facilitates the rapid opening of the explosion-proof valve 300 when the internal pressure of the housing is too high, and arranging it at one end far from the first enclosing plate can effectively control the valve opening position away from the positions where the positive electrode post 200 and the negative electrode post 201 are located.

[0050] Combining Figure 13, the battery cell disclosed by the present utility model can be a battery cell in a short-knife form (the ratio of the height dimension to the width dimension is between 0.25 and 0.40), the width dimension is between 400 mm and 600 mm, the height is between 100 mm and 300 mm, and the thickness is between 20 mm and 80 mm. Usually, the extension length of the end plate 102 is less than that of the side plate 101, and the positive terminal 200 and the negative terminal 201 are arranged on the same end plate 102.

[0051] The thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve 300 is greater than that of the first enclosing plate. The thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve 300 can also be greater than that of the second enclosing plate without the explosion-proof valve 300. That is, it is necessary to thicken the enclosing plate of the housing provided with the explosion-proof valve 300 alone. The thickened enclosing plate can ensure that the installation of the explosion-proof valve 300 on the housing has sufficient strength and stability, so as to reliably open and release pressure when needed.

[0052] Figure 1 A layout scheme is shown in which an explosion-proof valve 300 is arranged on the top plate 100 and the number is one. Combining Figures 2 - 6 , when assembling the housing, a U-shaped housing (an integrated structure of the bottom plate 103 and two side plates 101, which can be specifically prepared by bending or welding aluminum plates) can be manufactured first using an aluminum shell with a thickness of 0.3 mm - 0.6 mm, and then a thickened aluminum plate with a thickness of 0.7 mm - 0.9 mm is used as the top plate 100, and the explosion-proof valve 300 is installed. This explosion-proof valve 300 can be arranged at the middle position of the top plate 100, and then the top plate 100 with the explosion-proof valve 300 is welded to the U-shaped housing. The positive terminal 200 and the negative terminal 201 are welded on an aluminum end plate 102, and finally the two end plates 102 with and without the terminals are welded to the U-shaped housing.

[0053] Figure 7 A layout scheme is shown in which an explosion-proof valve 300 is arranged on the top plate 100 and the number is two. It is applicable to the housing with a longer extension length of the top plate 100. The assembly steps of this battery cell housing are similar to those of the battery cell housing shown in the foregoing Figure 1 , only one more explosion-proof valve 300 needs to be installed on the top plate 100, which will not be elaborated here.

[0054] Figure 8 A layout scheme is shown in which an explosion-proof valve 300 is arranged on the end plate 102, opposite to the positive terminal 200 and the negative terminal 201, and the number is one; combining Figures 9 - 12 , first weld the top plate 100, two side plates 101 and the bottom plate 103 into a tubular structure, then install the explosion-proof valve 300, the positive terminal 200 and the negative terminal 201 on the two end plates 102 respectively, and finally weld the two end plates 102 to both ends of the tubular structure respectively.

[0055] Figure 13 A layout scheme is presented where an explosion-proof valve 300 is provided on the side plate 101 and the number is one. Its assembly steps are similar to those of setting the explosion-proof valve 300 on the top plate 100, and will not be elaborated here.

[0056] In addition, the explosion-proof valve 300 can also be provided on the bottom plate 103 to release the pressure of the battery cell from the bottom. For details, please refer to the following text.

[0057] The energy storage device disclosed by the present utility model includes the above-mentioned battery cell, so it also has the above-mentioned structure and beneficial effects. Other structures refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] In order to facilitate smoke exhaust, in one embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a smoke exhaust device. The smoke exhaust device has a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, and the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet are connected. The explosion-proof valve 300 is embedded in the smoke inlet. When the explosion-proof valve 300 is opened, the flue gas can enter the smoke exhaust device from the smoke inlet and be led out from the smoke outlet. The smoke outlet can directly discharge the flue gas from the energy storage device or discharge the flue gas from the energy storage device through a pipeline.

[0059] The smoke exhaust device can be provided at the top, bottom, end or side of the battery cell. For example, the smoke exhaust device can be a smoke exhaust plate, and the battery cell is placed on the smoke exhaust plate. The explosion-proof valve 300 is provided on the bottom plate 103. When releasing the pressure, the flue gas can directly enter the smoke outlet of the smoke exhaust plate from the explosion-proof valve 300. The schemes of setting the smoke exhaust plate at the top, end and side of the battery cell are similar, and can be specifically arranged according to the specific placement method of the battery cell in the energy storage device, and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] Among them, the explosion-proof valve 300 and the smoke inlet are hermetically connected. Specifically, the seal can be an O-ring and is provided between the smoke inlet of the smoke exhaust device and the explosion-proof valve 300 on the housing.

[0061] The energy storage system disclosed by the present utility model includes the above-mentioned energy storage device, so it also has the above-mentioned structure and beneficial effects. Other structures refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model. Specific technical means in some embodiments can be partially or wholly incorporated into another embodiment on the premise that they are not explicitly excluded by another embodiment. Therefore, the present utility model will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized in that, Comprising: A housing formed by enclosing with a plurality of enclosing plates. A positive electrode post (200) and a negative electrode post (201) are arranged on the enclosing plates. The enclosing plate provided with the positive electrode post (200) and / or the negative electrode post (201) is a first enclosing plate, and the remaining enclosing plates are second enclosing plates; An explosion-proof valve (300) arranged on the second enclosing plate.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The explosion-proof valve (300) is one or more.

3. The battery cell according to claim 2, wherein, A plurality of the explosion-proof valves (300) are arranged on the same or different second enclosing plates.

4. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode post (200) and the negative electrode post (201) are arranged on the same enclosing plate or different enclosing plates.

5. The battery cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is formed by enclosing with six enclosing plates, which are respectively a top plate (100), a bottom plate (103), two end plates (102) and two side plates (101). The top plate (100) and the bottom plate (103) are arranged oppositely. The two end plates (102) are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate (100) and the bottom plate (103). The two side plates (101) are arranged oppositely and are connected between the top plate (100) and the bottom plate (103) and are connected to the two side plates (101); One of the two end plates (102) is the first enclosing plate and is provided with the positive electrode post (200) and the negative electrode post (201), and the other one, together with the top plate (100), the bottom plate (103) and the two side plates (101), are all second enclosing plates.

6. The battery cell according to claim 5, wherein The explosion-proof valve (300) is arranged at an intermediate position of the top plate (100) and / or the bottom plate (103) and / or the side plate (101) or at one end far from the first enclosing plate.

7. The cell according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve (300) is greater than the thickness of the first enclosing plate; The thickness of the second enclosing plate provided with the explosion-proof valve (300) is greater than the thickness of the second enclosing plate not provided with the explosion-proof valve (300).

8. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Comprising the battery cell according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Further comprising a smoke exhaust device, which is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet. The smoke inlet and the smoke outlet are communicated, and the explosion-proof valve (300) is embedded in the smoke inlet.

10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Comprising the energy storage device according to claim 8 or 9.

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