Snow depth observation device

Abstract

The utility model provides a snow depth observation device, and relates to the technical field of measurement. The snow depth observation device comprises a snow measuring plate, a first distance measuring sensor, a position detection piece, a first driving piece and a second driving piece, the first distance measuring sensor is located above the snow measuring plate, and the first distance measuring sensor has a first distance measuring direction; the position detection piece is connected with the first distance measuring sensor, and the position detection piece is used for detecting the distance between the first distance measuring sensor and the snow measuring plate in the direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; the first driving piece is connected with the first distance measuring sensor and used for adjusting the angle of the first distance measuring sensor in the first distance measuring direction; the second driving piece is connected with the first driving piece, and the second driving piece is used for adjusting the distance between the first distance measuring sensor and the snow measuring plate in the direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate. The method can reduce the influence of the fluctuation of the accumulated snow underlying surface caused by the seasonal ablation of the frozen soil in the frozen soil region on the snow depth measurement precision, and reduces the frequency of manual field equipment maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a snow depth observation device. Background Art

[0002] Snow observation equipment installed in permafrost areas, such as ultrasonic or laser probe-based snow observation equipment, is designed to maintain a fixed distance and position between the equipment and the underlying surface. However, seasonal melting of the permafrost can easily cause surface fluctuations, which can alter the distance and position between the equipment and the underlying surface. Consequently, frequent on-site calibration and adjustment is required, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, permafrost areas are often remote and difficult to access, making data acquisition difficult. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a snow depth observation device to reduce the impact of the fluctuation of the snow underlying surface in frozen areas caused by the seasonal melting of frozen soil on the measurement accuracy. This can improve measurement accuracy, reduce the frequency of manual on-site maintenance of equipment, and save time and effort. At the same time, in order to improve data acquisition and data accuracy, multiple snow depth observation methods are integrated, including an ultrasonic / laser / infrared snow depth measurement principle and a visual snow depth measurement principle. The data obtained by the two observation methods can back up each other and can also be used for data correction.

[0004] This application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a snow depth observation device, which includes:

[0006] A snow measuring plate, the snow measuring plate being placed on the ground of the detection area, and the snow measuring plate being flush with the ground;

[0007] a first ranging sensor, the first ranging sensor being located above the snow measuring plate and having a first ranging direction;

[0008] a position detecting member connected to the first distance measuring sensor, and configured to detect a distance between the first distance measuring sensor and the snow measuring plate in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate;

[0009] A first driving member and a second driving member, the first driving member is connected to the first ranging sensor, and the first driving member is used to adjust the angle of the first ranging direction of the first ranging sensor so that the first ranging direction can be perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; the second driving member is connected to the first driving member, and the second driving member is used to adjust the distance between the first ranging sensor and the snow measuring plate in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, a simulation layer is provided at one end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground, an end surface of the simulation layer facing away from the snow measuring plate is parallel to the snow measuring plate, the distance measuring direction and the simulation layer are intersected, and the simulation layer and the surface layer of the ground have the same structure;

[0011] One end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the simulation layer is arranged in the grooves.

[0012] In one embodiment, the simulation layer is provided in the middle of the snow measuring plate, and the first ranging direction of the first ranging sensor intersects with the simulation layer located in the middle of the snow measuring plate.

[0013] In one embodiment, the position detection element includes:

[0014] a base, the first ranging sensor is connected to the base, and the base has a first reference plane;

[0015] A second ranging sensor, wherein the number of the second ranging sensors is multiple, the second ranging sensors are located in the first reference plane, the second ranging sensors are connected to the base, the multiple second ranging sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first ranging sensor, the second ranging sensor has a second ranging direction, and the second ranging sensor is used to detect the distance between it and the corresponding monitoring point on the snowboard in the second ranging direction.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first driving member includes:

[0017] a first driving unit, wherein the base has a second reference plane, the second reference plane is arranged perpendicular to the first reference plane, the first driving unit is connected to the first ranging sensor, and the first driving unit is used to drive the first ranging sensor to rotate within the second reference plane;

[0018] A second driving unit is connected to the first driving unit, and is used to drive the first distance measuring sensor to rotate in a plane parallel to the first reference plane.

[0019] In one embodiment, the second driving member includes:

[0020] An articulated seat, wherein the number of the articulated seats is multiple, the multiple articulated seats are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first distance measuring sensor, and the articulated seat and the base are spherically articulated;

[0021] The third driving part is connected to the hinge seat, and the third driving part is used to drive the corresponding hinge seat to move in the vertical direction.

[0022] In one embodiment, the snow depth observation device further comprises:

[0023] An image acquisition component is used to acquire images within a preset range; wherein the snow measuring plate is located within the preset range.

[0024] In one embodiment, the snow depth observation device further comprises:

[0025] A snow depth ruler is connected to an end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground, the snow depth ruler and the snow measuring plate are arranged vertically, and the snow depth ruler is located within the preset range.

[0026] In one embodiment, the snow depth observation device further comprises:

[0027] The controller and the data acquisition module, the image acquisition component, the first ranging sensor, and the second ranging sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the first driving part, the second driving part, and the third driving part respectively through the controller.

[0028] In one embodiment, the first ranging sensor includes one or more of the following:

[0029] Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors;

[0030] And / or, the second ranging sensor includes one or more of the following:

[0031] Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0033] The present application provides a snow depth observation device, which uses a first driving member and a second driving member to adjust the position of a first ranging sensor, and cooperates with a position detection member for real-time measurement, so that the first ranging direction and the snow measuring plate are perpendicular, and the first ranging sensor is located at a preset position, wherein the preset position and the snow measuring plate are at a constant distance in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; the first ranging sensor is started to obtain the distance between the first ranging sensor and the snow measuring plate in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; and then the snow depth size can be obtained by obtaining the difference between the two.

[0034] Clearly, by adjusting the angle of the first ranging sensor and its distance from the snow measuring plate, measurement accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, the impact of seasonal permafrost melting on the underlying snow surface can be reduced. Even if the underlying snow surface is uneven, adjusting the angle and distance of the first ranging sensor ensures that the measurement results are closer to the true value. The device also integrates multiple snow depth observation methods, including ultrasonic, laser, and infrared snow depth measurement principles, as well as visual snow depth measurement. The data obtained by these two observation methods can serve as a backup and can also be used for mutual correction, improving data acquisition and accuracy.

[0035] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a snow depth observation device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a snow measuring plate in a snow depth observation device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a first driving component in a snow depth observation device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] Description of main component symbols:

[0041] 100-snow measuring plate; 110-groove; 120-simulation layer; 130-monitoring point; 200-snow depth scale; 300-first distance measuring sensor; 310-first distance measuring direction; 400-position detection element; 410-second distance measuring sensor; 420-base; 500-first driving element; 510-second driving unit; 520-first driving unit; 600-second driving element; 610-articular seat; 620-third driving unit; 700-image acquisition element; 800-controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

[0043] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. Conversely, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" another element, there is no intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the template description herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] Among related technologies, the most common snow depth measurement method is infrared ranging. This method uses the principle that infrared rays do not diffuse when propagating (the refractive index is very small when passing through other materials). After the infrared rays are emitted, they are reflected by the snow surface and received by the receiver. The snow depth is calculated based on the time from the emission of the infrared rays to the reception of the reflected infrared rays by the receiver. The ultrasonic method relies on the ultrasonic sensor to emit a pulse signal. The snow depth is calculated based on the signal reflected from the snow surface received by the receiver. The laser ranging method is similar to the ultrasonic method, except that the emitted signal is a laser pulse or continuous signal instead of an ultrasonic signal. The snow depth is calculated based on the laser signal reflected from the snow surface received by the receiver.

[0048] Snow observation equipment installed in permafrost areas, such as ultrasonic or laser probe-based snow observation equipment, is designed to maintain a fixed distance and position between the equipment and the underlying surface. However, seasonal melting of the permafrost can easily cause surface fluctuations, which can alter the distance and position between the equipment and the underlying surface. Consequently, frequent on-site calibration and adjustment is required, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, permafrost areas are often remote and difficult to access, making data acquisition difficult.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a snow depth observation device, which includes a snow measuring plate 100, a first distance measuring sensor 300, a position detection member 400, a first driving member 500 and a second driving member 600. The snow measuring plate 100 is placed on the ground of the detection area, and the snow measuring plate 100 is arranged flush with the ground; the first distance measuring sensor 300 is located above the snow measuring plate 100, and the first distance measuring sensor 300 has a first distance measuring direction 310; the position detection member 400 is connected to the first distance measuring sensor 300, and the position detection member 400 is connected to the first distance measuring sensor 300. 0 is used to detect the distance between the first ranging sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100; the first driving member 500 is connected to the first ranging sensor 300, and the first driving member 500 is used to adjust the angle of the first ranging direction 310 of the first ranging sensor 300 so that the first ranging direction 310 can be perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100; the second driving member 600 is connected to the first driving member 500, and the second driving member 600 is used to adjust the distance between the first ranging sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100.

[0050] In these embodiments, the snow measuring plate 100 is placed flush with the ground in the detection area to provide a reference surface for measuring snow depth. This effectively addresses the unevenness of the ground in permafrost areas caused by freeze-thaw, changing the preset fixed distance and position between the snow observation equipment and the underlying snow surface. A first ranging sensor 300 is located above the snow measuring plate 100. The first ranging sensor 300 has a first ranging direction 310, meaning that the first ranging sensor 300 can measure the distance between itself and the target object along the first ranging direction 310. The first ranging sensor 300 transmits a signal (such as infrared, ultrasonic, or laser) and receives a signal reflected from the snow surface to measure distance; the signal propagates along the first ranging direction 310. Obviously, the first ranging angle of the first ranging sensor 300 can be adjusted to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface is always perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100.

[0051] The position detection component 400 is connected to the first distance measuring sensor 300 and is used to detect the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100, ensuring measurement accuracy. Simply put, in frozen areas, under the influence of freeze-thaw fluctuations in the permafrost, even if the ground undulates, the snow measuring plate 100 will tilt with the ground due to its placement on the ground. The position detection component 400 then detects the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100, ensuring that the relative positions of the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 remain unchanged, providing a basis for subsequent measurements.

[0052] The first driving member 500 is connected to the first ranging sensor 300 , and is used to adjust the angle of the first ranging direction 310 of the first ranging sensor 300 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface remains perpendicular to the snow measuring board 100 .

[0053] The second driver 600 is connected to the first driver 500 and is used to adjust the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100. This allows the first driver 500 and the second driver 600 to adjust the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow surface, while maintaining a constant distance between the snow measuring plate 100 and the first distance measuring sensor 300 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100. The difference between the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow surface is the thickness of the snow accumulated on the snow measuring plate 100. In other words, even if the snow measuring plate 100 tilts due to uneven terrain, the first driver 500 and the second driver 600 can be used to adjust the position of the first distance measuring sensor 300 so that it can measure at a predetermined position.

[0054] It is easy to understand that the position of the first distance measuring sensor 300 is adjusted by using the first driving member 500 and the second driving member 600, and the position detection member 400 is used for real-time measurement, so that the first distance measuring direction 310 and the snow measuring plate 100 are perpendicular, and the first distance measuring sensor 300 is located at a preset position, wherein the distance between the preset position and the snow measuring plate 100 in the direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100 is constant and is L1; the first distance measuring sensor 300 is started to obtain the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in the direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100, which is L2; and then the difference between L1 and L2 is obtained, which is the snow depth.

[0055] Obviously, by adjusting the angle of the first ranging sensor 300 and the distance between it and the snow measuring plate 100, measurement accuracy can be improved. Furthermore, the impact of the fluctuations of the underlying snow surface caused by seasonal melting of frozen soil on the measurement can be reduced. Even if the underlying snow surface is uneven, adjusting the angle and distance of the first ranging sensor 300 can adjust the measurement position and angle, ensuring that the measurement results are closer to the true value. This reduces the frequency of manual on-site maintenance of the equipment, saving time and effort.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a simulation layer 120 is provided at the end of the snow measuring plate 100 facing away from the ground, the end surface of the simulation layer 120 facing away from the snow measuring plate 100 is parallel to the snow measuring plate 100, the ranging direction and the simulation layer 120 are intersected, and the structure of the simulation layer 120 and the surface layer of the ground are the same; the end of the snow measuring plate 100 facing away from the ground has a plurality of grooves 110, and the simulation layer 120 is arranged in the grooves 110.

[0057] In these embodiments, the snow measuring plate 100 is placed flush with the ground in the detection area to simulate the ground, thereby providing a horizontal reference surface for measuring snow depth. The simulation layer 120 is disposed on the end of the snow measuring plate 100 facing away from the ground and positioned within a plurality of grooves 110. In other words, the grooves 110 can be used to retain the simulation layer 120, preventing it from escaping from the grooves 110.

[0058] The simulation layer 120 is constructed identically to the surface layer of the ground to simulate real ground conditions. This ensures that the ranging sensor can accurately measure snow depth and mitigates the impact of fluctuations in the underlying snow cover due to seasonal melting of frozen ground on different ground types. The ranging direction refers to the direction in which the first ranging sensor 300 transmits the signal. The ranging direction intersects the simulation layer 120, ensuring that the signal transmission and reception surfaces are always parallel to the snow measuring plate 100.

[0059] For example, the ground is grass, and accordingly, the simulation layer 120 is also set as a grass layer. Of course, in other embodiments, the ground is bare land, and the simulation layer 120 is a soil layer; or the ground is sandy, and the simulation layer 120 is a sand and gravel layer; or the ground is bare rock, and the simulation layer 120 is a rock layer.

[0060] Obviously, by arranging the simulation layer 120, it is possible to simulate the actual ground type and improve the accuracy of measurement. Even if the underlying surface of the snow is uneven, by adjusting the angle and distance of the first ranging sensor 300 and using the simulation layer 120, it is possible to ensure that the measurement result is closer to the true value.

[0061] Of course, to further improve the simulation performance, the snowboard 100 can be water-permeable and air-permeable to simulate the ground. For example, the snowboard 100 is evenly distributed with air holes to ensure that the simulation layer 120 can communicate with the ground.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the middle portion of the snow measuring board 100 has a simulation layer 120 , and the first ranging direction 310 of the first ranging sensor 300 intersects the simulation layer 120 located in the middle portion of the snow measuring board 100 .

[0063] In these embodiments, the simulation layer 120 is located in the middle of the snowboard 100. The structure of the simulation layer 120 is identical to the surface of the ground, simulating real ground conditions. The first ranging direction 310 of the first ranging sensor 300 intersects the simulation layer 120 located in the middle of the snowboard 100, ensuring that the signal transmitting and receiving surface is always parallel to the snowboard 100.

[0064] The first driving member 500 adjusts the angle of the first distance measurement direction 310 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface remains parallel to the snowboard 100. Furthermore, the first distance measurement sensor 300 measures the distance between itself and the simulation layer 120 in the middle of the snowboard 100, thereby improving measurement accuracy. This is because the snow in the middle of the snowboard 100 is relatively stable and has a relatively flat surface. This improves measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0065] For example, the upper end of the snow measuring plate 100 is divided into 9 grooves 110, so that the middle portion of the snow measuring plate 100 has one groove 110. Of course, other numbers of grooves 110, such as 25, etc., can also be provided.

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the position detection component 400 includes a base 420 and a second ranging sensor 410, the first ranging sensor 300 is connected to the base 420, and the base 420 has a first reference plane; there are multiple second ranging sensors 410, the second ranging sensors 410 are located in the first reference plane, the second ranging sensors 410 are connected to the base 420, and the multiple second ranging sensors 410 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first ranging sensor 300, the second ranging sensors 410 have a second ranging direction, and the second ranging sensors 410 are used to detect the distance between themselves and the corresponding monitoring point 130 on the snow measuring board 100 in the second ranging direction.

[0067] In these embodiments, the base 420 is used to secure the first ranging sensor 300 and a plurality of second ranging sensors 410. The base 420 has a first reference plane, which serves as a reference plane for positioning the second ranging sensors 410. There are multiple second ranging sensors 410, each located on the first reference plane of the base 420. The plurality of second ranging sensors 410 are spaced apart along the circumference of the first ranging sensor 300. Each second ranging sensor 410 is used to detect the distance between itself and a corresponding monitoring point 130 on the snowboard 100 in a second ranging direction, which refers to the direction in which the second ranging sensor 410 transmits a signal.

[0068] For example, the plurality of second distance measuring sensors 410 are distributed around the first distance measuring sensor 300 , and the plurality of second distance measuring sensors 410 are used to control the vertical distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snow measuring board 100 .

[0069] When the first ranging sensor 300 is activated, the first actuator 500 adjusts the angle of the first ranging direction 310 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface is perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100. The second actuator 600 adjusts the distance between the first ranging sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate 100 so that the distance measured by the second ranging sensor 410 is equal, thereby ensuring that the first ranging sensor 300 is located at the preset position. The first ranging sensor 300 transmits a signal and receives the signal reflected from the snow surface. The snow depth is calculated based on the round-trip time of the signal.

[0070] Obviously, by setting up multiple second ranging sensors 410, the measuring position of the first ranging sensor 300 can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. The snow depth can be obtained by subtracting the distance measured by the first ranging sensor 300 from the distance between the first ranging sensor 300 and the snow measuring plate 100.

[0071] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the first driving member 500 includes a first driving portion 520 and a second driving portion 510, the base 420 has a second reference plane, the second reference plane and the first reference plane are arranged perpendicular to each other, the first driving portion 520 is connected to the first ranging sensor 300, and the first driving portion 520 is used to drive the first ranging sensor 300 to rotate within the second reference plane; the second driving portion 510 is connected to the first driving portion 520, and the second driving portion 510 is used to drive the first ranging sensor 300 to rotate within a plane parallel to the first reference plane.

[0072] In these embodiments, a first driving unit 520 is connected to the first distance measuring sensor 300 and drives the first distance measuring sensor 300 to rotate within a second reference plane. The first driving unit 520 adjusts the angle of the first distance measuring sensor 300 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface is parallel to the snowboard 100. A second driving unit 510 is connected to the first driving unit 520 and drives the first distance measuring sensor 300 to rotate within a plane parallel to the first reference plane.

[0073] That is, the first distance measuring direction 310 of the first distance measuring sensor 300 can be adjusted in three-dimensional space by cooperating with the second distance measuring unit 520 and the second distance measuring unit 510, so that the first distance measuring sensor 300 can be adaptively adjusted according to the position of the snow measuring plate 100 affected by freezing and thawing.

[0074] In other words, the first drive unit 520 and the second drive unit 510 work together to ensure more precise angle adjustment of the first ranging sensor 300. The first ranging direction 310 intersects the simulation layer 120, ensuring that the signal transmitting and receiving surface remains parallel to the snowboard 100. The first drive unit 520 and the second drive unit 510 adjust the angle of the first ranging direction 310 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface remains perpendicular to the snowboard 100.

[0075] Illustratively, the first driving unit 520 includes a first driving motor, the second driving unit 510 includes a second driving motor, the rotating shaft of the first driving motor is connected to the first distance measuring sensor 300 , and the rotating shaft of the second driving motor is connected to the first driving motor.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the second driving member 600 includes an articulated seat 610 and a third driving part 620. There are multiple articulated seats 610, and the multiple articulated seats 610 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the base 420 or the first ranging sensor 300. The articulated seat 610 and the base 420 are ball-jointed; the articulated seat 610 is connected to the third driving part 620, and the third driving part 620 is used to drive the corresponding articulated seat 610 to move in the vertical direction.

[0077] In these embodiments, the articulated base 610 is used to connect the base 420 and the third drive unit 620, achieving multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment through a ball joint. The articulated base 610 can rotate freely in multiple directions around the ball joint. The third drive unit 620 is connected to the articulated base 610. The third drive unit 620 is used to drive the corresponding articulated base 610 to move vertically. The third drive unit 620 can adjust the height of the articulated base 610, and thus adjust the position of the base 420 and the first distance measuring sensor 300, so that the distance between the first distance measuring sensor 300 and the snowboard 100 in a direction perpendicular to the snowboard 100 remains constant, that is, meets a set value. Furthermore, the third drive unit 620 can adjust the distance measured by the second distance measuring sensor 410 to be equal, that is, to make the first reference plane parallel to the snowboard 100.

[0078] Exemplarily, the third driving part 620 is an electric push rod; of course, in other embodiments, it can also be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or a linear motion module.

[0079] For example, the end of the snow measuring plate 100 facing away from the ground has multiple protrusions, which form monitoring points 130 to prevent snow accumulation from affecting the detection of the second ranging sensor 410. It should be noted that freeze-thaw in permafrost areas has little effect on the position of the snow measuring plate 100, ensuring that the monitoring points 130 are within the range that the second ranging sensor 410 can detect.

[0080] For example, in the present embodiment, the number of the articulated seats is 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the articulated seats may also be 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and the like.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the snow depth observation device further includes an image acquisition component 700, which is used to acquire images within a preset range; wherein the snow measuring plate 100 is located within the preset range.

[0082] In these embodiments, the image capture component 700 can capture real-time images of the area where the snow measuring plate 100 is located. These images can be used to observe snowfall conditions, such as snow depth, snow volume, snow quality (wet or dry), and snowflake shape. The image capture component 700 can also help determine whether the snow measuring plate 100 is obscured by other debris (such as leaves, branches, or other objects) or animals. If the snow measuring plate 100 is obscured, it may affect the accuracy of the ranging sensor, so timely processing is required, and the real-time image is combined with the device to determine whether the snow depth value observed is an abnormal value. The image information can be used to assist in verifying the accuracy of the ranging sensor data. If the image shows that the snow depth is obviously inconsistent with the sensor data, troubleshooting or correction can be performed accordingly.

[0083] The image acquisition unit 700 can also be used to monitor changes in the surrounding environment and their potential impact on snow depth measurement. Images can be transmitted to a remote monitoring center via the network, facilitating remote monitoring and management by staff.

[0084] The types of the image acquisition component 700 are illustrative. The image acquisition component 700 can be of the following types: a camera, a panoramic camera, and a camera mounted on a drone.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the snow depth observation device further includes a snow depth ruler 200, which is connected to the end of the snow measuring plate 100 facing away from the ground. The snow depth ruler 200 and the snow measuring plate 100 are vertically arranged, and the snow depth ruler 200 is within a preset range.

[0086] In these embodiments, one end of the snow depth scale 200 is connected to the snow measuring plate 100, ensuring that the snow depth scale 200 remains in a fixed position and moves synchronously with the snow measuring plate 100, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy. In other words, if the first and second ranging sensors 300 and 410 fail, the image capture component 700 can be used to read the snow depth value on the snow measuring plate 100 through the snow depth scale 200. This can serve as a backup for the snow depth value measured by the first ranging sensor 300, thereby improving data acquisition.

[0087] Furthermore, both the snow depth scale 200 and the snow measuring plate 100 are within a preset range, meaning they are within the field of view of the image capture unit 700. This arrangement ensures that the image capture unit 700 can capture the scale on the snow depth scale 200. Furthermore, the data acquired by the snow depth scale 200 based on visual snow depth measurement principles and the data acquired by the first ranging sensor 300 based on ultrasonic / laser / infrared snow depth measurement principles can be mutually corrected, improving the device's snow depth observation accuracy. In other words, the present application employs two observation methods that serve as backups for each other and allow for mutual data correction.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the snow depth observation device also includes a controller 800 and a data acquisition module, the image acquisition component 700, the first ranging sensor 300, and the second ranging sensor 410 are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the first drive unit 520, the second drive unit 510, and the third drive unit 620 through the controller 800.

[0089] The data acquisition module collects data from the image acquisition component 700, the first ranging sensor 300, and the second ranging sensor 410. The controller 800 processes this data and controls the actions of the first, second, and third driving units 520, 510, and 620 as needed. The first driving unit 520 drives the first ranging sensor 300 to rotate within the second reference plane. The second driving unit 510 drives the first ranging sensor 300 to rotate within a plane parallel to the first reference plane. The third driving unit 620 drives the articulated base 610 to move vertically, thereby adjusting the position of the first ranging sensor 300.

[0090] When the data acquisition module is activated, the controller 800 adjusts the angle of the first ranging sensor 300 via the first and second driving units 520 and 510 to ensure that the signal transmitting and receiving surface is parallel to the snowboard 100. The controller 800 also adjusts the height of the articulated base 610 via the third driving unit 620, further adjusting the positions of the first and second ranging sensors 300 and 410.

[0091] The image acquisition component 700 begins capturing images to monitor the status of the snow depth gauge 200 and the snow measuring plate 100. The first ranging sensor 300 transmits a signal and receives the signal reflected from the snow surface. Multiple second ranging sensors 410 each transmit a signal and receive the signal reflected from monitoring points 130 on the snow measuring plate 100. The image acquisition component 700 continues to capture images to monitor the status of the snow depth gauge 200 and snowfall conditions. The data acquisition module collects data from the first ranging sensor 300 and the second ranging sensor 410 and transmits the data to the controller 800. The controller 800 processes this data and adjusts the position and angle of the first ranging sensor 300 and the second ranging sensor 410 as needed through the first drive unit 520, the second drive unit 510, and the third drive unit 620.

[0092] Moreover, through network connection, these data and images can be accessed remotely, enabling remote monitoring and management of the snow depth observation device.

[0093] In some embodiments, the first ranging sensor 300 includes one or more of the following:

[0094] Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors;

[0095] In some embodiments, the second ranging sensor 410 includes one or more of the following:

[0096] Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors.

[0097] In all examples shown and described herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not limiting, and thus other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0098] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0099] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the scope of the present application, and such modifications and improvements are all within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A snow depth observation device, characterized in that: The snow depth observation device comprises: A snow measuring plate, the snow measuring plate being placed on the ground of the detection area, and the snow measuring plate being flush with the ground; a first ranging sensor, the first ranging sensor being located above the snow measuring plate and having a first ranging direction; a position detecting member connected to the first distance measuring sensor, and configured to detect a distance between the first distance measuring sensor and the snow measuring plate in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; A first driving member and a second driving member, the first driving member is connected to the first ranging sensor, and the first driving member is used to adjust the angle of the first ranging direction of the first ranging sensor so that the first ranging direction can be perpendicular to the snow measuring plate; the second driving member is connected to the first driving member, and the second driving member is used to adjust the distance between the first ranging sensor and the snow measuring plate in a direction perpendicular to the snow measuring plate.

2. The snow depth observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A simulation layer is provided at one end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground, an end surface of the simulation layer facing away from the snow measuring plate is parallel to the snow measuring plate, the first distance measuring direction and the simulation layer are intersected, and the simulation layer and the surface layer of the ground have the same structure; One end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the simulation layer is arranged in the grooves.

3. The snow depth observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle portion of the snow measuring plate has the simulation layer, and the first ranging direction of the first ranging sensor and the simulation layer located in the middle portion of the snow measuring plate are arranged to intersect.

4. The snow depth observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position detection element comprises: a base, the first ranging sensor is connected to the base, and the base has a first reference plane; A second ranging sensor, wherein the number of the second ranging sensors is multiple, the second ranging sensors are located in the first reference plane, the second ranging sensors are connected to the base, the multiple second ranging sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first ranging sensor, the second ranging sensor has a second ranging direction, and the second ranging sensor is used to detect the distance between it and the corresponding monitoring point on the snowboard in the second ranging direction.

5. The snow depth observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first driving member includes: a first driving unit, wherein the base has a second reference plane, the second reference plane is arranged perpendicular to the first reference plane, the first driving unit is connected to the first ranging sensor, and the first driving unit is used to drive the first ranging sensor to rotate within the second reference plane; A second driving unit is connected to the first driving unit, and is used to drive the first distance measuring sensor to rotate in a plane parallel to the first reference plane.

6. The snow depth observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second driving member includes: An articulated seat, wherein the number of the articulated seats is multiple, the multiple articulated seats are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first distance measuring sensor, and the articulated seat and the base are spherically articulated; The third driving part is connected to the hinge seat, and the third driving part is used to drive the corresponding hinge seat to move in the vertical direction.

7. The snow depth observation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The snow depth observation device further comprises: An image acquisition component is used to acquire images within a preset range; wherein the snow measuring plate is located within the preset range.

8. The snow depth observation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The snow depth observation device further comprises: A snow depth ruler is connected to an end of the snow measuring plate facing away from the ground, the snow depth ruler and the snow measuring plate are arranged vertically, and the snow depth ruler is located within the preset range.

9. The snow depth observation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The snow depth observation device further comprises: The controller and the data acquisition module, the image acquisition component, the first ranging sensor, and the second ranging sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is electrically connected to the first driving part, the second driving part, and the third driving part respectively through the controller.

10. The snow depth observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first ranging sensor includes one or more of the following: Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors; And / or, the second ranging sensor includes one or more of the following: Ultrasonic ranging sensors, laser ranging sensors and infrared ranging sensors.

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