Battery explosion-proof shell and battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery explosion prevention, in particular to a battery explosion-proof shell and a battery. Comprising a top cover and a shell body which are connected with each other, a cavity is formed in the top cover and the shell body, the cavity is used for containing electrolyte, a liquid injection hole is formed in the top cover, at least one anti-explosion valve is arranged on one side face of the shell body, and the liquid injection hole is communicated with the cavity. The utility model aims to solve the problems of secondary short circuit and failure of an explosion-proof function caused by the fact that an explosion-proof structure of a battery is close to a liquid injection hole and a pole of the battery in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery explosion-proof, in particular to a battery explosion-proof shell and a battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the increasing development of new energy vehicles and electronic products, the corresponding driving power supplies are also developing towards high capacity, high safety and lightness. Lithium batteries are widely used in electronic products due to their excellent properties such as high capacity.

[0003] Lithium batteries can generate abnormal gases during use due to factors such as charger failure and overcharging. This can lead to excessive internal pressure and explosion. Therefore, to prevent lithium battery explosions, explosion-proof structures, such as explosion-proof valves, are required.

[0004] Currently, the pressure relief valve commonly found in square aluminum-cased lithium batteries is typically located in the top cover assembly. However, this type of explosion-proof valve is often located close to the electrolyte injection port. If the electrolyte contaminates the valve during the injection process, it could corrode and lose its explosion-proof function. Furthermore, when the explosion-proof valve of this type of battery opens, electrolyte and gas will be ejected from the valve. This ejected electrolyte can often come into direct contact with electrical circuits or cause direct conduction between the positive and negative electrodes through the electrolyte, leading to a secondary short circuit and increasing safety risks. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide a battery explosion-proof shell and a battery, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the explosion-proof structure of the battery is relatively close to the liquid injection hole and the terminal of the battery, which easily leads to secondary short circuit and failure of the explosion-proof function.

[0006] In a first aspect, the utility model discloses a battery explosion-proof case, which includes a top cover and a shell connected to each other, wherein a cavity is formed in the top cover and the shell, and the cavity is used to accommodate electrolyte. A liquid injection hole is provided on the top cover, and at least one explosion-proof valve is provided on one side surface of the shell, and the liquid injection hole is connected to the cavity.

[0007] Optionally, the shell includes a stacking surface and an explosion-proof surface that are interconnected, and the explosion-proof valve is a first explosion-proof groove, which is provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof surface.

[0008] Optionally, there is a distance between the first explosion-proof groove and the edge of the explosion-proof surface.

[0009] Optionally, the battery explosion-proof shell further includes an insulating layer, which is provided on the outer surface of the top cover and the shell, and is provided with a second explosion-proof groove corresponding to the first explosion-proof groove.

[0010] Optionally, the insulating layer is an insulating coating or an insulating film.

[0011] Optionally, a height difference is formed between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove and the shell, and the height difference ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0012] Optionally, the width of the first explosion-proof groove is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the first explosion-proof groove is a closed pattern.

[0014] Optionally, the battery explosion-proof shell further includes a positive electrode column and a negative electrode column, and the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column are respectively arranged on the top cover.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further discloses a battery, comprising an electrolyte and the battery explosion-proof shell described in any one of the above items, wherein the electrolyte is disposed in a cavity of the battery explosion-proof shell.

[0016] Compared to the prior art, the explosion-proof battery case and battery provided by the present invention offer the following advantages: The explosion-proof battery case comprises an interconnected top cover and shell. This structural design effectively isolates the electrolyte within the explosion-proof battery case from the external environment, reducing the risk of battery short circuits or overheating and improving battery safety. The cavity, used to hold the electrolyte, effectively isolates the electrolyte from the external environment, reducing the likelihood of external influences on the battery and improving battery safety. The injection port on the top cover communicates with the cavity, facilitating electrolyte injection to maintain normal battery operation. An explosion-proof valve is provided on one side of the shell. If the battery overheats or internal pressure becomes excessive, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas or liquid within the cavity is breached along the notch, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas or liquid within the cavity to flow out through the hole formed by the breach, thereby reducing internal pressure and minimizing the risk of battery explosion. Furthermore, the explosion-proof valve is provided on one side of the shell, so it is not coplanar with the injection port. In actual use, the addition of electrolyte into the battery explosion-proof casing through the injection hole can prevent contamination and impact on the explosion-proof valve, which could cause the explosion-proof valve to lose its explosion-proof function. The above-mentioned configuration of the battery explosion-proof casing can ensure the normal explosion-proof function of the battery, thereby improving the safety and service life of the battery explosion-proof casing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the top cover and the housing provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a battery explosion-proof housing provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion-proof surface and the stacking surface provided by an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] The reference numerals in the figures are:

[0022] 1000, battery explosion-proof shell; 100, cavity; 101, top cover; 1011a, positive electrode column; 1011b, negative electrode column; 1012, injection hole; 200, shell; 201, first explosion-proof groove; 202, stacking surface; 203, explosion-proof surface; 2031, edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. Now, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be given.

[0024] The present invention provides a battery explosion-proof housing 1000. Figure 1-3 As shown, the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 includes a top cover 101 and a shell 200 connected to each other. A cavity 100 is formed in the top cover 101 and the shell 200. The cavity 100 is used to accommodate electrolyte. A liquid injection hole 1012 is provided on the top cover 101. At least one explosion-proof valve is provided on one side of the shell 200. The liquid injection hole 1012 is connected to the cavity 100.

[0025] The battery explosion-proof housing 1000 comprises a top cover 101 and a housing 200 that are interconnected. This structural design effectively isolates the electrolyte within the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 from the external environment, reducing the risk of short circuits or overheating, and improving battery safety. The cavity 100 is used to hold the electrolyte, effectively isolating it from the external environment, reducing the possibility of external influences on the battery and improving battery safety. The injection port 1012 on the top cover 101 communicates with the cavity 100, facilitating the injection of electrolyte into the cavity 100 to maintain normal battery operation. An explosion-proof valve is provided on one side of the housing 200. If the battery overheats or the internal pressure becomes too high, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas or liquid within the cavity 100 will rupture along the notch, allowing the high-temperature, high-pressure gas or liquid within the cavity 100 to flow out through the hole formed by the rupture of the explosion-proof valve, thereby reducing the pressure within the cavity 100 and reducing the risk of battery explosion. Furthermore, the explosion-proof valve is disposed on one side of the housing 200, so it is not coplanar with the injection port 1012. This prevents the addition of electrolyte into the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 through the injection port 1012 from contaminating or affecting the explosion-proof valve, potentially rendering the explosion-proof valve ineffective. This configuration of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 ensures the proper explosion-proof function of the battery, thereby improving its safety and service life.

[0026] Specifically, in this embodiment, the explosion-proof valve is a first explosion-proof groove 201. The first explosion-proof groove 201 is formed by a groove on one side of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000. This ensures that when the battery encounters unexpected conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, the first explosion-proof groove 201 is destroyed by the pressure in the cavity 100, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and liquid in the cavity 100 can flow out through the structure of the hole formed by destroying the first explosion-proof groove 201, thereby enhancing the explosion-proof capability and safety of the battery and the battery explosion-proof shell 1000.

[0027] Specifically, the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 can be made of aluminum or steel.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the housing 200 may be provided with multiple first explosion-proof grooves 201. The multiple first explosion-proof grooves 201 may be provided on the same side of the housing 200 or on different sides of the housing 200. In addition to the above configuration, only one first explosion-proof groove 201 may also be provided on the housing 200.

[0029] Specifically, a liquid injection hole 1012 is provided on the top cover 101, which facilitates the injection of liquid into the cavity 100 through the liquid injection hole 1012 to ensure normal battery function. The location of the liquid injection hole 1012 on the top cover 101 makes maintenance more convenient, as liquid injection operations can be performed directly through the top cover 101, eliminating the need to disassemble the entire battery explosion-proof housing 1000, saving maintenance costs and time.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the connection between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the surrounding shell 200 has a certain strength, which should be less than the strength of the weld between the shell 200 and the top cover 101. If the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 is provided with multiple first explosion-proof grooves 201, the connection strength between the bottoms of the multiple first explosion-proof grooves 201 and the surrounding shell 200 can be the same or different.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The shell 200 includes a stacking surface 202 and an explosion-proof surface 203 connected to each other. The explosion-proof valve is a first explosion-proof groove 201, and the first explosion-proof groove 201 is provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof surface 203.

[0032] In actual use, the stacking surface 202 of the battery explosion-proof casing 1000 is used to contact other batteries, that is, the surface of other battery explosion-proof casings 1000. Because this surface needs to be stacked with the stacking surface 202 of another battery explosion-proof casing, when a battery safety failure occurs, the stacking with the other battery explosion-proof casing 1000 can easily prevent the first explosion-proof groove 201 from being successfully broken through by the internal pressure of the cavity 100, rendering the explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof casing 1000 ineffective. Therefore, the first explosion-proof groove 201 is set on the explosion-proof surface 203 that does not contact other batteries to ensure that the pressure in the cavity 100 can normally break through the first explosion-proof groove 201 to achieve the explosion-proof effect, thereby improving the safety of the battery installed with the battery explosion-proof casing 1000. The first explosion-proof groove 201 is provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof surface 203, which can effectively prevent the electrolyte or other entities in the cavity 100 from affecting the first explosion-proof groove 201, thereby preventing the first explosion-proof groove 201 from failing in its explosion-proof function and improving the safety of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000.

[0033] Specifically, since the first explosion-proof groove 201 is provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof surface 203, the user can visually observe the first explosion-proof groove 201, thereby preventing accidental operation such as impact or striking the area provided with the first explosion-proof groove 201. Furthermore, this helps the user identify possible usage risks as early as possible, thereby improving the safety of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000.

[0034] It should be noted that multiple batteries can be stacked in the horizontal direction. The side of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 adjacent to another battery explosion-proof shell 1000 is the stacking surface 202, and the surface not in contact with other battery explosion-proof shells is the explosion-proof surface 203.

[0035] refer to Figure 3 There is a distance between the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the edge 2031 of the explosion-proof surface 203 .

[0036] The edges 2031 of the explosion-proof surface 203 are used to connect with the edges 2031 of other surfaces to form the corners of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000. The first explosion-proof groove 201 is provided on the explosion-proof surface 203, and a certain distance is maintained between the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the edge 2031. Avoid the first explosion-proof groove 201 being too close to the edge 2031. On the one hand, providing the first explosion-proof shell groove 201 on the edge 2031 of the shell 200 will affect the overall structural rigidity and mechanical strength of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000, affecting the service life of the battery explosion-proof shell and causing safety hazards. On the other hand, because the structural strength of the shell 200 at the edge 2031 is relatively high, the pressure of the cavity 100 will be unable to break through the first explosion-proof groove 201, causing the explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 to fail, resulting in explosion or combustion.

[0037] It should be noted that the edge 2031 refers to the connection between any one side of the housing 200 and the adjacent side.

[0038] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 further includes an insulating layer, which is provided on the outer surface of the top cover 101 and the shell 200, and is provided with a second explosion-proof groove corresponding to the first explosion-proof groove 201.

[0039] An insulating layer is provided on the outer surface of the shell 200 and the top cover 101, which can effectively isolate the interior of the cavity 100 from the external environment and prevent the battery from short-circuiting or other electrical problems. A second explosion-proof groove corresponding to the first explosion-proof groove 201 is also provided on the insulating layer. During actual use, when the battery needs to reduce the pressure in the cavity 100 by breaking through the first explosion-proof groove 201, the second explosion-proof groove corresponds to the first explosion-proof groove 201, so that the pressure inside the cavity 100 can be broken through along with the first explosion-proof groove 201 to discharge the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and liquid in the cavity 100, relieve the pressure in the cavity 100, ensure the normal explosion-proof function and safety of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000, and improve the safety of the battery in unexpected situations.

[0040] Specifically, the presence of the insulating layer can effectively prevent the battery from directly contacting the external metal shell 200, avoid short circuits or other electrical problems caused by the external environment, and ensure the safety and stability of the battery during use.

[0041] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment of the present invention, the insulating layer is an insulating coating or an insulating film.

[0042] The insulating coating or film has excellent electrical insulation properties and can effectively isolate the electronic components inside the cavity 100 from the external metal housing 200, preventing short circuits or other electrical problems. The above arrangement can improve the safety of the battery during use and reduce the risks caused by electrical problems.

[0043] Insulating coatings are coating materials applied to the surfaces of electrical equipment, electronic components, or batteries to provide electrical insulation and prevent short circuits. They effectively isolate the conductive components within the battery explosion-proof casing 1000, ensuring safe battery operation. Insulating coatings are typically made from materials with excellent insulating properties, such as polyurethane, epoxy resin, and acrylic resin. They exhibit a certain degree of adhesion, allowing them to adhere firmly to the coated surface. They also typically possess a certain degree of high-temperature resistance, enabling them to maintain stable insulating properties even at elevated temperatures.

[0044] Insulating film is a thin film material applied to the surface of electrical equipment, electronic components or batteries to provide electrical insulation protection and prevent circuit short circuits. Insulating film is usually made of materials with excellent insulation properties, such as polyester film (PET), polyimide film (PI), polytetrafluoroethylene film (PTFE), etc. Insulating film usually has high electrical insulation strength and heat resistance, and can maintain stable insulation performance in high temperature environments. In addition, the insulating film is also soft and plastic and can adapt to surfaces of various shapes. The use of insulating film can achieve comprehensive covering protection of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000, provide effective insulation isolation, and have good durability and wear resistance.

[0045] It should be noted that, when the insulating layer is an insulating film, part of the insulating film needs to be cut off along the second explosion-proof groove on the insulating film to avoid affecting the normal explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000.

[0046] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a height difference is formed between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the housing 200 , and the height difference ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

[0047] A height difference of 0.1mm to 0.3mm is formed between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the surrounding shell 200. This allows the battery explosion-proof casing 1000 to easily break through the first explosion-proof groove 201 after the accumulated pressure reaches a certain level. During actual use, when an abnormality occurs within the cavity 100, the internal pressure may increase. In this case, the height difference between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the shell 200 creates a weak point on the shell 200, serving as a release channel for high-temperature and high-pressure gases and liquids within the cavity 100, helping to release internal pressure and reduce the impact of an explosion, thereby improving explosion-proof performance.

[0048] Specifically, the height difference is set to 0.1mm to 0.3mm to prevent the first explosion-proof groove 201 from being damaged when the pressure in the cavity 100 is low, or during collision or contact during normal use, thereby affecting the normal use of the battery. It also prevents the first explosion-proof groove 201 from being broken even when the pressure in the cavity 100 is high, thereby preventing the explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof casing 1000 from being lost and causing the battery to explode or catch fire.

[0049] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the width of the first explosion-proof groove 201 is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

[0050] The first explosion-proof groove 201 of appropriate width can serve as a pressure release channel for the cavity 100. When an abnormality occurs inside the cavity 100 and the internal pressure increases, the first explosion-proof groove 201 can be normally broken through by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and liquid in the cavity 100 to help release some of the internal pressure, thereby improving the explosion-proof performance of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000.

[0051] Specifically, the groove design of appropriate width can ensure the normal implementation of the explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 without affecting the overall structural strength of the battery explosion-proof housing 1000. The first explosion-proof groove 201 serves as a release channel and also needs to maintain a certain structural strength to avoid being damaged when the internal pressure is low or when it is subjected to normal external contact and collision, which would cause waste and loss.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first explosion-proof groove 201 is a closed pattern.

[0053] The closed-pattern first explosion-proof groove 201 can be completely destroyed and broken through when subjected to high pressure within the cavity 100. This prevents the first explosion-proof groove 201 from being partially undestroyed due to the first explosion-proof groove not forming a closed pattern, thereby preventing the explosion-proof function of the battery explosion-proof casing 1000 from being lost. Once destroyed, the closed-pattern first explosion-proof groove 201 can more effectively release pressure within the cavity 100, reducing the possibility of battery explosion and fire, and improving the explosion-proof performance of the battery explosion-proof casing 1000.

[0054] It should be noted that the first explosion-proof notch is a closed pattern, and its shape can be circular, elliptical or other regular shapes, or can be set to an irregular shape according to actual needs.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 The battery explosion-proof shell 1000 further includes a positive electrode column 1011a and a negative electrode column 1011b, which are respectively arranged on the top cover.

[0056] The top cover 101 is used to connect the positive electrode 1011a and the negative electrode 1011b to ensure normal discharge of the battery. The first explosion-proof groove 201 is arranged on a side of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 to prevent the high-temperature and high-pressure gas or liquid in the cavity 100 from breaking through the first explosion-proof groove 201 and causing damage to the positive electrode 1011a and the negative electrode 1011b arranged on the top of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000. This reduces the possibility of a short circuit caused by the short connection between the positive electrode 1011a and the negative electrode 1011b of the battery.

[0057] Specifically, a positive electrode post 1011a and a negative electrode post 1011b are provided on the top cover 101, and a first explosion-proof groove 201 is provided on the housing 200, effectively isolating the first explosion-proof groove 201 from the positive electrode post 1011a and the negative electrode post 1011b. This prevents interference between the first explosion-proof groove 201 and the positive electrode post 1011a and the negative electrode post 1011b provided on the top cover 101, reduces the risk of secondary short circuits in the battery, and improves battery safety.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery, which includes an electrolyte and the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 in the aforementioned embodiment. The electrolyte is disposed in the cavity 100 of the battery explosion-proof shell 1000 .

[0059] The battery has the same structure and benefits as the battery explosion-proof housing 1000 in the aforementioned embodiment. The structure and benefits of the battery have been described in detail in the aforementioned embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0060] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Those skilled in the art may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and all these modifications and replacements should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery explosion-proof shell, characterized in that: The battery explosion-proof housing includes a top cover and a shell connected to each other, a cavity is formed in the top cover and the shell, a liquid injection hole is provided on the top cover, at least one explosion-proof valve is provided on one side surface of the shell, and the liquid injection hole is connected to the cavity.

2. The battery explosion-proof shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a stacking surface and an explosion-proof surface connected to each other, and the explosion-proof valve is a first explosion-proof groove, which is provided on the outer surface of the explosion-proof surface.

3. The battery explosion-proof shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is a distance between the first explosion-proof groove and the edge of the explosion-proof surface.

4. The battery explosion-proof shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery explosion-proof housing further includes an insulating layer, which is provided on the outer surface of the top cover and the housing, and is provided with a second explosion-proof groove corresponding to the first explosion-proof groove.

5. The battery explosion-proof housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The insulating layer is an insulating coating or an insulating film.

6. The battery explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A height difference is formed between the bottom of the first explosion-proof groove and the shell, and the height difference ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.

7. The battery explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The width of the first explosion-proof groove is 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

8. The battery explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The first explosion-proof groove is a closed pattern.

9. The battery explosion-proof casing according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The battery explosion-proof shell further includes a positive electrode column and a negative electrode column, and the positive electrode column and the negative electrode column are respectively arranged on the top cover.

10. A battery, characterized in that: The invention comprises an electrolyte and the battery explosion-proof shell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electrolyte is arranged in the cavity of the battery explosion-proof shell.

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