Solar transparent heating greenhouse

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar transparent heating greenhouse which comprises a multifunctional greenhouse and a power supply device. The multifunctional greenhouse is of an arc-shaped structure and comprises an anti-scraping protection film, an organic thin-film solar cell and a transparent heating film which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside. The organic thin-film solar cell and the transparent heating thin film are respectively connected with a power supply device, and the power supply device comprises a storage battery and an external power supply module. An organic thin-film solar cell and a transparent heating film are combined to be used as a material of the greenhouse, energy of different wave bands of sunlight and ultraviolet light with short wavelength can be fully utilized for power generation, and electric energy is directly supplied to the transparent heating film for heating so as to increase the air temperature in the greenhouse or heating to remove water mist on the surface of the greenhouse; visible light is used for plant growth; long-wavelength infrared light is directly absorbed by soil and plants, and the internal temperature of the greenhouse is increased through passive energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of greenhouses, and more specifically, to a solar transparent heating greenhouse. Background Art

[0002] Traditional greenhouses primarily operate based on heat absorption and insulation. During the day, sunlight penetrates the greenhouse's transparent covering (such as plastic film or glass), where it is absorbed by the soil, walls, and other structures, storing heat and raising the temperature inside. Because these materials are virtually "transparent" to solar radiation, most of it can enter the greenhouse. However, these materials are not "transparent" to long-wave radiation reflected from the ground, resulting in little long-wave radiation from within the greenhouse being transmitted and lost to the outside world. Therefore, greenhouses effectively trap heat, maintaining a relatively high indoor temperature and providing a suitable growing environment for crops. However, these greenhouses cannot generate additional energy. In winter, when temperatures drop too low or when it's cloudy and there's insufficient sunlight, air conditioners and heaters must be used to provide additional heat. However, air conditioners require high power consumption and significant losses, hindering energy conservation and emission reduction. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a solar-powered transparent heating greenhouse to address the problems raised in the aforementioned background technology. To achieve this objective, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a solar-powered transparent heating greenhouse comprising a multifunctional greenhouse and a power supply device; the multifunctional greenhouse has an arc-shaped structure and includes, from the outside to the inside, an anti-scratch protective film, an organic thin-film solar cell, and a transparent heating film; the organic thin-film solar cell and the transparent heating film are respectively connected to the power supply device, which includes a battery and an external power module.

[0004] Preferably, the organic thin film solar cell comprises a negative electrode layer, a hole transport layer, a photoactive layer, an electron transport layer and a positive electrode layer which are arranged in sequence.

[0005] Preferably, the positive electrode layer includes a first transparent substrate and a first metal grid layer; the first metal grid layer is arranged on the surface of the first transparent substrate by a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process; the electron transport layer is deposited on the first metal grid layer, the photosensitive activation layer is deposited on the electron transport layer, the hole transport layer is deposited on the photosensitive activation layer, and the negative electrode layer is deposited on the hole transport layer.

[0006] Preferably, the structure of the transparent heating film is the same as that of the positive electrode layer, which includes a second transparent substrate and a second metal grid layer. The second metal grid layer is arranged on the surface of the second transparent substrate through a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process.

[0007] Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of the same material, both of which are any one of PET, COP, PI, PVA or PEN; the first metal grid layer and the second metal grid layer are made of the same material, both of which are any one of ITO, nanosilver, metal grid or graphene.

[0008] Preferably, the resistance value of the second metal grid layer is adjusted by laser or etching.

[0009] Preferably, the internal resistance of the organic thin film solar cell is equal to the resistance of the transparent heating film.

[0010] Preferably, the electron transport layer is a fullerene derivative or a metal oxide; the photosensitive activation layer includes a polymer, a small molecule and a fullerene; the hole transport layer is a PEDOT-PSS polymer; and the material of the negative electrode layer is ITO or FTO.

[0011] Preferably, the multifunctional greenhouse is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, the power supply device is provided with a temperature control module, and the temperature sensors are connected to the temperature control module.

[0012] Preferably, an automatic fill light device is provided in the multifunctional greenhouse, and the automatic fill light device includes a light sensor, a PLC controller and several LED fill light groups. The light sensor and the LED fill light groups are respectively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected to the power supply device.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: By combining organic thin-film solar cells and transparent heating films as greenhouse materials, it fully utilizes the energy of different wavelengths of sunlight. Short-wavelength ultraviolet light is used for power generation, which is then directly supplied to the transparent heating film to heat the greenhouse, raising the air temperature or removing surface mist. Visible light is used for plant growth, and long-wavelength infrared light is directly absorbed by the soil and plants, passively storing energy to increase the internal greenhouse temperature. This invention offers advantages such as low cost, light weight, and flexibility, making it suitable for large-scale production and flexible applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a solar-powered transparent heating greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional solar-powered transparent heating greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multifunctional solar-powered transparent heating greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] exist Figures 1 to 3 , the corresponding relationship between the names of the components and the accompanying drawing numbers is as follows:

[0018] 1--Multifunctional greenhouse, 11--Anti-scratch protective film, 12--Organic thin-film solar cell, 121--Negative electrode layer, 122--Hole transport layer, 123--Photosensitive activation layer, 124--Electron transport layer, 125--Positive electrode layer, 13--Transparent heating film, 2--Power supply device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The accompanying drawings are for reference only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this utility model and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed, or operate in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The utility model provides a solar transparent heating greenhouse, including a multifunctional greenhouse 1 and a power supply device 2; the multifunctional greenhouse 1 has an arc-shaped structure, which includes an anti-scratch protective film 11, an organic thin-film solar cell 12 and a transparent heating film 13 arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; the organic thin-film solar cell 12 and the transparent heating film are respectively connected to the power supply device 2, and the power supply device 2 includes a battery and an external power supply module.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present invention, the transparent heating film 13 is an electronic device with high transmittance and high heating efficiency, and is widely used for heating and defogging various electronic devices in low-temperature environments or outdoor rainy and snowy environments. Commonly used transparent heating materials include ITO, nanosilver, graphene, metal mesh, etc., which have the advantages of low resistance, high transmittance, and good heating efficiency.

[0024] Organic thin-film solar cells (OTS) are photovoltaic devices that use organic materials as their primary photosensitive layer to absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity. When light strikes the organic material, it excites electrons from the valence band to the conduction band, generating free electrons and holes. Compared to traditional silicon-based solar cells, OTS offer advantages such as low cost, light weight, and flexibility, making them suitable for large-scale production and flexible applications.

[0025] Combining it with the transparent heating film 13 as a material for a greenhouse can make full use of the energy of different wavelengths of sunlight. Short-wavelength ultraviolet light is used for power generation, which can be directly supplied to the heating film to heat and increase the air temperature in the greenhouse, or to heat and remove water mist on the surface of the greenhouse; visible light is used for plant growth; long-wavelength infrared light is directly absorbed by the soil and plants, and passive energy storage increases the indoor temperature.

[0026] The working principle and process of this utility model are as follows:

[0027] When the temperature is suitable and heating is not required, the greenhouse can absorb sunlight through the organic thin-film solar cells 12 to generate electricity, which is stored in the battery of the power supply device 2. When the temperature is low and heating is required to maintain the life of the crops in the greenhouse, the greenhouse can, on the one hand, physically reflect infrared light reflected from the ground to increase the indoor temperature, and on the other hand, the organic thin-film solar cells 12 can generate electricity for the transparent heating film 13, converting the electrical energy into heat energy. When the temperature is too low or it is rainy or snowy, the transparent heating film 13 can be powered directly by the battery or by an external power module to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse.

[0028] Furthermore, for organic solar thin-film cells, high-performance organic electron acceptor and electron donor materials are used. These materials can be polymers, small molecules or fullerenes, and their band gap width is adjusted so that they mainly absorb sunlight below 400nm to avoid affecting crop growth.

[0029] Preferably, the organic thin film solar cell 12 includes a negative electrode layer 121 , a hole transport layer 122 , a photoactive layer 123 , an electron transport layer 124 and a positive electrode layer 125 , which are sequentially arranged.

[0030] Preferably, the positive electrode layer 125 includes a first transparent substrate and a first metal grid layer; the first metal grid layer is arranged on the surface of the first transparent substrate by a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process; the electron transport layer 124 is deposited on the first metal grid layer, the photosensitive activation layer 123 is deposited on the electron transport layer 124, the hole transport layer 122 is deposited on the photosensitive activation layer 123, and the negative electrode layer 121 is deposited on the hole transport layer 122.

[0031] Preferably, the structure of the transparent heating film 13 is the same as that of the positive electrode layer 125, which includes a second transparent substrate and a second metal grid layer. The second metal grid layer is arranged on the surface of the second transparent substrate through a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process.

[0032] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate in the present technical solution both use flexible transparent substrates, and then a layer of transparent electrode material is made on the surface by 3D printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, coating process, yellow light etching process, laser etching and the like. This transparent electrode material can serve as the positive and negative electrode layers 121 of the organic thin film battery, and can also provide a good heating effect by reasonably designing the corresponding channels. The transparent electrode material undergoes corresponding subsequent treatment according to its different functions. If it is used for a transparent heating film 13, the surface is processed accordingly to adjust the appropriate resistance. If it is an electrode for a solar cell, an electron transport layer 124, a photosensitive activation layer 123, a hole transport layer 122, and a negative electrode layer 121 are deposited on its surface, and by doping different elements, it can absorb sunlight below 400nm. In this way, the first metal grid layer in the organic thin film solar cell 12 and the second metal grid layer in the transparent heating film can be produced without changing the process or adding additional steps.

[0033] Preferably, the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of the same material, both of which are any one of PET, COP, PI, PVA or PEN; the first metal grid layer and the second metal grid layer are made of the same material, both of which are any one of ITO, nanosilver, metal grid or graphene.

[0034] Preferably, the resistance of the second metal grid layer is adjusted by laser or etching. In this embodiment, the second metal grid layer generally adopts a metal grid structure with controllable line width and pattern, and uses laser or etching to change the conductor cross-sectional area and conductor length of the resistor to achieve the purpose of fine-tuning the resistance, so that the second metal grid layer is suitable for use as a heating film material.

[0035] Preferably, the internal resistance of the organic thin film solar cell 12 is equal to the resistance of the transparent heating film 13. In this embodiment, assuming that the internal resistance of the organic thin film solar cell is r and the resistance of the transparent heating film 13 is R, when r=R, the output power of the transparent heating film 13 is maximum.

[0036] Preferably, the electron transport layer 124 is a fullerene derivative or a metal oxide; the photosensitive activation layer 123 includes a polymer, a small molecule and a fullerene; the hole transport layer 122 is a PEDOT-PSS polymer; and the material of the negative electrode layer 121 is ITO or FTO.

[0037] Preferably, the multifunctional greenhouse 1 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, the power supply device 2 is provided with a temperature control module, and the temperature sensors are connected to the temperature control module. In this embodiment, by providing the temperature sensors, it is possible to detect the temperature inside the greenhouse, and the temperature control module can automatically start or stop the transparent heating film to achieve automatic temperature regulation inside the greenhouse.

[0038] Preferably, the multifunctional greenhouse 1 is provided with an automatic fill light device, which includes a light sensor, a PLC controller, and a plurality of LED fill light groups. The light sensor and the LED fill light groups are respectively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected to the power supply device 2. In this embodiment, the light sensor is used to detect the light intensity in the greenhouse, so that the LED fill light groups can be automatically turned on and off, the light intensity can be adjusted according to the light brightness, and the lighting time can be reasonably controlled. While providing a good growth environment for plants that require long-term light exposure, it can also better save electricity and maintain the long-term stable operation of the greenhouse.

[0039] Compared with existing technologies, this invention offers the following advantages: By combining organic thin-film solar cells and transparent heating films as greenhouse materials, it fully utilizes the energy of different wavelengths of sunlight. Short-wavelength ultraviolet light is used for power generation, which is then directly supplied to the transparent heating film to heat the greenhouse, raising the air temperature or removing surface mist. Visible light is used for plant growth, and long-wavelength infrared light is directly absorbed by the soil and plants, passively storing energy to increase the internal greenhouse temperature. This invention offers advantages such as low cost, light weight, and flexibility, making it suitable for large-scale production and flexible applications.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are provided for purposes of illustration and description and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments are selected and described to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific applications.

Claims

1. A solar transparent heating greenhouse, characterized in that: The invention comprises a multifunctional greenhouse (1) and a power supply device (2); the multifunctional greenhouse has an arc-shaped structure and comprises an anti-scratch protective film (11), an organic thin-film solar cell (12) and a transparent heating film (13) arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; the organic thin-film solar cell and the transparent heating film are respectively connected to the power supply device, and the power supply device comprises a battery and an external power supply module.

2. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic thin-film solar cell comprises a negative electrode layer (121), a hole transport layer (122), a photosensitive activation layer (123), an electron transport layer (124), and a positive electrode layer (125) which are arranged in sequence.

3. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode layer includes a first transparent substrate and a first metal mesh layer; the first metal mesh layer is provided on the surface of the first transparent substrate by a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process; The electron transport layer is deposited on the first metal grid layer, the photosensitive activation layer is deposited on the electron transport layer, the hole transport layer is deposited on the photosensitive activation layer, and the negative electrode layer is deposited on the hole transport layer.

4. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that: The structure of the transparent heating film is the same as that of the positive electrode layer, which includes a second transparent substrate and a second metal grid layer. The second metal grid layer is arranged on the surface of the second transparent substrate through a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, an inkjet printing process, a coating process, a yellow light etching process or a laser etching process.

5. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are made of the same material, both of which are any one of PET, COP, PI, PVA or PEN; the first metal grid layer and the second metal grid layer are made of the same material, both of which are any one of ITO, nanosilver, metal grid or graphene.

6. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resistance value of the second metal grid layer is adjusted by laser or etching.

7. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal resistance of the organic thin film solar cell is equal to the resistance of the transparent heating film.

8. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electron transport layer is a fullerene derivative or a metal oxide; the hole transport layer is a PEDOT-PSS polymer; and the material of the negative electrode layer is ITO or FTO.

9. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The multifunctional greenhouse is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors, the power supply device is provided with a temperature control module, and the temperature sensors are connected to the temperature control module.

10. The solar transparent heating greenhouse according to claim 9, characterized in that: An automatic fill light device is provided in the multifunctional greenhouse, and the automatic fill light device includes a light sensor, a PLC controller and several LED fill light groups. The light sensor and the LED fill light groups are respectively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected to the power supply device.

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