Normal-pressure maintenance device for air pressure open caisson

Abstract

The utility model discloses a normal-pressure maintenance device for an air-pressure open caisson, and relates to the technical field of open caisson construction. The atmospheric pressure open caisson normal pressure overhauling device comprises a cover plate used for being connected with a blade foot in a sealed mode, an overhauling hole is formed in the cover plate, and an overhauling cabin covering the overhauling hole is connected to the upper portion of the cover plate in a sealed mode; the lower portion of the cover plate is connected with a folding tunneling arm through a tunneling driving mechanism, and the end, away from the tunneling driving mechanism, of the tunneling arm is connected with a tunneling head. The tunneling arm can be folded upwards and enables the tunneling head to penetrate through the access hole to extend into the maintenance cabin, and a sealing assembly used for being matched with the access hole in a sealing mode is arranged on the tunneling arm. According to the atmospheric pressure open caisson atmospheric pressure overhauling device, overhauling personnel can overhaul and replace the heading head in the atmospheric pressure environment, and the operation risk of the overhauling personnel is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of caisson construction, and in particular to a normal pressure maintenance device for a pneumatic caisson. Background Art

[0002] The pneumatic caisson construction method involves installing a sealed working chamber at the bottom of the caisson and filling it with high-pressure air to balance the external groundwater pressure. This creates a waterless, high-pressure working environment within the sealed chamber. Under these conditions, maintenance and replacement of the boring head must be performed under high pressure, posing a significant health and safety threat to maintenance personnel. Furthermore, high-pressure environments reduce maintenance personnel's efficiency and put them at risk of decompression sickness.

[0003] Currently, He-N2-O2 mixed gas breathing systems are commonly used to reduce the risks of maintenance personnel working in high-pressure environments. This system primarily consists of gas storage equipment, supply control equipment, pipelines, and a mixed airlock chamber. Before entering the high-pressure environment, maintenance personnel must pressurize the airlock chamber while wearing a mask and breathing a He-N2-O2 mixed gas mixture in a specific ratio. They then enter the workroom to complete maintenance work. After completing the work, they enter the airlock chamber to depressurize to outdoor atmospheric pressure before leaving the caisson.

[0004] However, this method requires a complete set of equipment for the production, storage and use of mixed gases, which results in a high cost investment. The pressurization and decompression process of each operation needs to take into account human adaptability, which is time-consuming, has low operating efficiency, and cannot fundamentally solve the risks of high-pressure operations. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a normal pressure maintenance device for a pneumatic caisson, so as to solve the problem of high operating risks for maintenance personnel when repairing and replacing the boring head in a high pressure environment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems is:

[0007] A pneumatic caisson normal pressure maintenance device comprises a cover plate for sealingly connecting to a blade foot, an inspection hole being provided on the cover plate, and an inspection cabin covering the inspection hole being sealedly connected to the upper side of the cover plate; a foldable tunneling arm is connected to the lower side of the cover plate via a tunneling drive mechanism, and a tunneling head is connected to the end of the tunneling arm away from the tunneling drive mechanism; the tunneling arm can be folded upward and the tunneling head can pass through the inspection hole and extend into the inspection cabin, and a sealing assembly for sealingly cooperating with the inspection hole is provided on the tunneling arm.

[0008] Furthermore, the tunneling arm includes at least two-stage folding structures.

[0009] Furthermore, the tunneling arm includes a first arm, a second arm and a folding cylinder, one end of the first arm is connected to the tunneling drive mechanism, the other end of the first arm is hinged to one end of the second arm, the other end of the second arm is connected to the tunneling head, and the two ends of the folding cylinder are respectively hinged to the first arm and the second arm.

[0010] Furthermore, the tunneling head is connected to the second arm via a telescopic cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the folding cylinder and the telescopic cylinder are both oil cylinders.

[0012] Furthermore, the excavation drive mechanism includes a slewing assembly, a excavation base and a radial cylinder. The fixed part of the slewing assembly is connected to the cover plate, the slewing part of the slewing assembly is connected to the excavation base, one end of the excavation arm is hinged to the excavation base, and the two ends of the radial cylinder are respectively hinged to the excavation base and the excavation arm, and are used to drive the excavation arm to excavate radially along the caisson.

[0013] Furthermore, the sealing assembly includes a flange plate and a sealing gasket, the flange plate is connected to the tunneling arm, and the side of the flange plate facing the tunneling head is connected to the sealing gasket.

[0014] Furthermore, the cover plate includes a support frame for connecting to the blade foot and a sealing plate fixed on the support frame and sealed to the blade foot.

[0015] Furthermore, a maintenance valve is provided on the maintenance cabin.

[0016] Furthermore, the inspection cabin includes a cabin body sealed with the cover plate and a cabin door provided on the cabin body.

[0017] Beneficial effects of this application:

[0018] The pneumatic caisson normal pressure maintenance device provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the tunneling head needs to be inspected, first control the tunneling arm to fold upward and extend the tunneling head from passing through the inspection hole to the inspection cabin, and at the same time use the sealing assembly to seal the inspection hole, and then depressurize the inspection cabin to normal pressure, so that the maintenance personnel can inspect and replace the tunneling head in the inspection cabin at normal pressure. After the operation is completed, the inspection cabin is pressurized to the working pressure, and then the tunneling arm is controlled to unfold downward. Compared with the existing technology, the present application allows maintenance personnel to inspect and replace the tunneling head in a normal pressure environment, reducing the operation risks of maintenance personnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the atmospheric pressure maintenance device for the pneumatic caisson provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the boring head during normal pressure maintenance;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the connection between the tunneling arm and the tunneling drive mechanism.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] 10-cover plate;

[0025] 101-Manhole;

[0026] 11- Maintenance cabin;

[0027] 111-inspection valve;

[0028] 12- Excavation drive mechanism;

[0029] 121-rotation assembly;

[0030] 122-Tunneling base;

[0031] 123- radial cylinder;

[0032] 13-Folding tunneling arm;

[0033] 131-first arm;

[0034] 132-second arm;

[0035] 133-folding cylinder;

[0036] 134- telescopic cylinder;

[0037] 14- tunneling head;

[0038] 15- Sealing assembly;

[0039] 151-flange plate;

[0040] 152-sealing gasket;

[0041] 16-blade foot;

[0042] 17- Excavation surface;

[0043] 18- Closed studio;

[0044] 19-screw conveying assembly;

[0045] 20-segment;

[0046] 21-Sinking control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0048] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent figures. In addition, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms "disposed", "opened", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, and an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components.

[0050] See also Figure 1 The pneumatic caisson normal pressure maintenance device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a cover plate 10 for sealingly connecting with the blade foot 16, and an inspection hole 101 is provided on the cover plate 10. An inspection cabin 11 covering the inspection hole 101 is sealedly connected to the top of the cover plate 10; a foldable tunneling arm 13 is connected to the bottom of the cover plate 10 through a tunneling drive mechanism 12, and a tunneling head 14 is connected to the end of the tunneling arm 13 away from the tunneling drive mechanism 12; the tunneling arm 13 can be folded upward and the tunneling head 14 can pass through the inspection hole 101 and extend into the inspection cabin 11, and a sealing component 15 for sealingly cooperating with the inspection hole 101 is provided on the tunneling arm 13.

[0051] See also Figure 1 The cover plate 10 is horizontally arranged in the caisson and is sealed to the upper end of the blade foot 16. Thus, the cover plate 10 can be used to seal the upper end of the blade foot 16, so as to form a roughly cylindrical closed working room 18 between the cover plate 10, the blade foot 16 and the excavation surface 17. The cover plate 10 is also provided with an air inlet for charging air into the closed working room 18. To simplify the diagram, Figure 1The air inlet structure is not shown. The tunneling drive mechanism 12 is used to drive the tunneling arm 13 within the enclosed working chamber 18, thereby advancing the excavation face 17 via the tunneling head 14. A vertically mounted screw conveyor assembly 19 is located at the center of the caisson. This screw conveyor assembly 19 extends downward through the cover plate 10 and is sealed to the cover plate 10. It is used to discharge the rock debris within the enclosed working chamber 18 to the top of the cover plate 10.

[0052] See also Figure 1 The caisson excavation method using the pneumatic caisson normal pressure maintenance device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Start the surface compressed air system to inflate the sealed working chamber 18. The increased pressure in the sealed working chamber 18 causes the groundwater in the well to be discharged into the rock formation outside the well, thereby creating a dry working environment in the sealed working chamber 18. During this process, the surface compressed air system continuously adjusts the pressure in the sealed working chamber 18 to balance the water level in the well. A dry working environment refers to an environment where construction work is carried out in the absence of water or with minimal water.

[0054] S2. Start the tunneling drive mechanism 12 and the screw conveyor assembly 19. The tunneling drive mechanism 12 drives the tunneling arm 13 to move within the enclosed working chamber 18 and drives the tunneling head 14 to advance the excavation face 17, forming rock slag. The screw conveyor assembly 19 then discharges the rock slag from the enclosed working chamber 18. When the cover plate 10 is a short distance from the ground, the screw conveyor assembly 19 can be used to directly discharge the rock slag to the surface. When the cover plate 10 is a long distance from the ground, the screw conveyor assembly 19 can first be used to discharge the rock slag onto the cover plate 10, and then the hanging basket can be used to lift the rock slag from the cover plate 10 to the surface. After each tunneling ring, prefabricated shaft wall segments 20 are assembled on the ground and slowly pressed into the shaft by the sinking control device 21. This cycle continues until the designed depth is reached.

[0055] See also Figure 2 During caisson construction, when the tunneling head 14 needs to be inspected or replaced, after shutting down the tunneling drive mechanism 12 and the spiral conveying assembly 19, the tunneling arm 13 is first controlled to fold upward. During the folding process, the tunneling arm 13 drives the tunneling head 14 to pass through the inspection hole 101, so that the tunneling head 14 extends into the inspection cabin 11. At the same time, the sealing assembly 15 on the tunneling arm 13 is used to seal the inspection hole 101, and then the inspection cabin 11 is depressurized to normal pressure. The maintenance personnel can then inspect and replace the tunneling head 14 in the inspection cabin 11 at normal pressure. After the operation is completed, the inspection cabin 11 is pressurized to the same pressure as the closed working chamber 18, and then the tunneling arm 13 is controlled to unfold downward into the closed working chamber 18.

[0056] The pneumatic caisson normal pressure maintenance device provided in the embodiment of the present application enables maintenance personnel to inspect and replace the boring head 14 in a normal pressure environment, thereby reducing the operational risks of the maintenance personnel. At the same time, during the entire maintenance process, it is only necessary to fill and release the pressure in the maintenance cabin 11, without filling and releasing the pressure in the enclosed working room 18. Since the volume of the maintenance cabin 11 is much smaller than the volume of the enclosed working room 18, the filling and releasing time can be reduced, the maintenance efficiency can be improved, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The tunneling drive mechanism 12 includes a slewing assembly 121, a tunneling base 122, and a radial cylinder 123. The fixed portion of the slewing assembly 121 is connected to the cover plate 10, while the slewing portion of the slewing assembly 121 is connected to the tunneling base 122. One end of the tunneling arm 13 is hinged to the tunneling base 122. The ends of the radial cylinder 123 are hinged to the tunneling base 122 and the tunneling arm 13, respectively, and are used to drive the tunneling arm 13 to dig radially along the caisson. The slewing assembly 121 is used to drive the tunneling base 122 to rotate about the caisson centerline.

[0058] During excavation operations, the excavation arm 13 can be driven by the rotary assembly 121 to drive the excavation head 14 to excavate around the circumference of the caisson to form an annular excavation groove, and then the radial cylinder 123 can be used to drive the excavation arm 13 to drive the excavation head 14 to rotate along the radial direction of the caisson by a preset angle α, and then the rotary assembly 121 can be used to drive the excavation arm 13 to excavate around the circumference of the caisson to form another annular excavation groove, which partially overlaps with its adjacent annular excavation groove; the above operations are repeated to form multiple annular excavation grooves until a new excavation surface 17 is formed.

[0059] Of course, during the excavation operation, the radial cylinder 123 can be used to drive the excavation arm 13 to drive the excavation head 14 to excavate radially along the caisson to form a long strip excavation groove, and then the rotary assembly 121 can be used to drive the excavation arm 13 to drive the excavation head 14 to rotate around the circumference of the caisson by a preset angle β, and then the radial cylinder 123 can be used to drive the excavation arm 13 to drive the excavation head 14 to excavate radially along the caisson to form another long strip excavation groove, which partially overlaps with its adjacent annular excavation groove; the above operations are repeated to form multiple long strip excavation grooves until a new excavation surface 17 is formed.

[0060] For example, the rotary assembly 121 may include an annular fixed seat that is mounted outside the screw conveying assembly 19 and fixedly connected to the cover plate 10, an annular swivel seat that is mounted outside the screw conveying assembly 19 and rotatably connected to the fixed seat, and a motor disposed on the annular fixed seat, the motor being in transmission connection with the annular swivel seat and used to drive the annular swivel seat to rotate. The annular fixed seat serves as the fixed portion of the rotary assembly 121, and the annular swivel seat serves as the rotating portion of the rotary assembly 121. During use, the annular swivel seat is driven by the motor to rotate, and the annular swivel seat in turn drives the tunneling arm 13 to rotate. Of course, in other embodiments, the rotary assembly 121 may also have other existing structures, which are not specifically limited here.

[0061] In some embodiments, the tunneling arm 13 includes at least two-stage folding structures. For example, the tunneling arm 13 may include a two-stage folding structure, or may include a three-stage or more folding structure.

[0062] For example, see Figure 3 The tunneling arm 13 includes a first arm 131, a second arm 132, and a folding cylinder 133. One end of the first arm 131 is connected to the tunneling drive mechanism 12, and the other end of the first arm 131 is hinged to one end of the second arm 132. The other end of the second arm 132 is connected to the tunneling head 14. The two ends of the folding cylinder 133 are respectively hinged to the first arm 131 and the second arm 132. By controlling the extension or contraction of the folding cylinder 133, the second arm 132 can be vertically extended or folded upward relative to the first arm 131.

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The tunneling head 14 is connected to the second arm 132 via a telescopic cylinder 134. During maintenance work, the position of the tunneling head 14 within the maintenance cabin 11 can be fine-tuned by controlling the extension or contraction of the telescopic cylinder 134. This can reduce extra work and delays caused by improper positioning of the tunneling head 14, thereby improving maintenance efficiency and shortening maintenance work periods.

[0064] In some embodiments, the folding cylinder 133 and the telescopic cylinder 134 are both oil cylinders. Of course, the folding cylinder 133 and the telescopic cylinder 134 can also be air cylinders or electric cylinders.

[0065] In some embodiments, see Figure 3The sealing assembly 15 includes a flange plate 151 and a sealing gasket 152. The flange plate 151 is connected to the tunneling arm 13, and the side of the flange plate 151 facing the tunneling head 14 is connected to the sealing gasket 152. For example, the flange plate 151 is welded to the second arm 132, and the sealing gasket 152 can be connected to the flange plate 151 by gluing, clamping, or bolting. When the tunneling arm 13 is folded, driving the tunneling head 14 through the manhole 101 and extending the tunneling head 14 into the inspection cabin 11, the tunneling arm 13 drives the flange plate 151 to press the sealing gasket 152 against the lower surface of the cover plate 10, thereby sealing the manhole 101 with the sealing gasket 152.

[0066] In some other embodiments, the sealing assembly 15 may further include a conical sealing block coaxially fixed to the second arm 132, with the small end of the sealing block facing the tunneling head 14, the small end having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the manhole 101, and the large end having a diameter larger than the diameter of the manhole 101. When the tunneling arm 13 drives the tunneling head 14 through the manhole 101 during folding, causing the tunneling head 14 to extend into the inspection cabin 11, a portion of the sealing block is inserted into the manhole 101, with its outer surface contacting and sealing the inner wall of the manhole 101.

[0067] In some embodiments, the cover plate 10 includes a support frame for connecting to the blade foot 16 and a sealing plate fixed to the support frame and sealed to the blade foot 16. The structure of the support frame and the sealing plate can enhance the load-bearing capacity of the cover plate 10, enabling it to withstand greater loads and be suitable for various working environments.

[0068] In some embodiments, the inspection cabin 11 is equipped with a service valve 111. During maintenance, the service valve 111 can be opened to relieve pressure in the inspection cabin 11, improving safety during pressure relief. The inspection cabin 11 includes a cabin body sealed to the cover plate 10 and a hatch provided on the cabin body. The service valve 111 can be provided on the cabin body or on the hatch. After opening the hatch, maintenance personnel can enter the inspection cabin 11 to inspect or replace the boring head 14.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. Based on the technical essence of the present application and within the spirit and principles of the present application, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement of the above embodiment shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A normal pressure maintenance device for a pneumatic caisson, characterized in that: It comprises a cover plate (10) for sealingly connecting with the blade foot (16), an inspection hole (101) being provided on the cover plate (10), and an inspection cabin (11) covering the inspection hole (101) being sealedly connected above the cover plate (10); A foldable excavation arm (13) is connected to the bottom of the cover plate (10) via an excavation drive mechanism (12), and an end of the excavation arm (13) away from the excavation drive mechanism (12) is connected to an excavation head (14); The tunneling arm (13) can be folded upwards and allows the tunneling head (14) to pass through the inspection hole (101) and extend into the inspection cabin (11). The tunneling arm (13) is provided with a sealing assembly (15) for sealingly cooperating with the inspection hole (101).

2. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tunneling arm (13) comprises at least a two-stage folding structure.

3. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The tunneling arm (13) includes a first arm (131), a second arm (132) and a folding cylinder (133), one end of the first arm (131) is connected to the tunneling drive mechanism (12), the other end of the first arm (131) is hinged to one end of the second arm (132), the other end of the second arm (132) is connected to the tunneling head (14), and the two ends of the folding cylinder (133) are hinged to the first arm (131) and the second arm (132), respectively.

4. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tunneling head (14) is connected to the second arm (132) via a telescopic cylinder (134).

5. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The folding cylinder (133) and the telescopic cylinder (134) are both oil cylinders.

6. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavation drive mechanism (12) comprises a slewing assembly (121), an excavation base (122) and a radial cylinder (123); the fixed portion of the slewing assembly (121) is connected to the cover plate (10); the slewing portion of the slewing assembly (121) is connected to the excavation base (122); one end of the excavation arm (13) is hinged to the excavation base (122); and both ends of the radial cylinder (123) are hinged to the excavation base (122) and the excavation arm (13) respectively, and are used to drive the excavation arm (13) to excavate radially along the caisson.

7. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (15) comprises a flange plate (151) and a sealing gasket (152), wherein the flange plate (151) is connected to the tunneling arm (13), and the side of the flange plate (151) facing the tunneling head (14) is connected to the sealing gasket (152).

8. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (10) comprises a support frame for connecting to the blade foot (16) and a sealing plate fixed to the support frame and sealed to the blade foot (16).

9. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance cabin (11) is provided with a maintenance valve (111).

10. The normal pressure maintenance device for pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inspection cabin (11) comprises a cabin body sealedly connected to the cover plate (10) and a cabin door arranged on the cabin body.

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