Self-centering drilling and tapping clamp for crankshaft of general gasoline engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a general gasoline engine crankshaft self-centering drilling and tapping machining clamp which comprises a support and a clamping mechanism. The support is of a plate type structure and comprises a bottom plate, a vertical plate, an ejector pin base, a supporting arm, a supporting plate and a triangular support. The vertical plate is vertically fixed to the middle of the surface of the bottom plate to form an inverted-T-shaped supporting structure. The clamping mechanism is fixed to the upper end of the vertical plate and comprises a U-shaped frame, a sliding column, a chuck, a connecting plate, an air cylinder, a T-shaped pull rod and a connecting rod. The U-shaped frame is composed of three rectangular plates and transversely fixed to the upper end of the rear side of the vertical plate. The two sliding columns extend outwards and are fixed to the outer sides of the two side edges of the U-shaped frame respectively. The chuck is of an L-shaped structure, and a V-shaped opening is formed in the front end of the chuck. The clamping device has the advantages that the clamping center is not affected by the outer diameter of the curved bar, and the concentricity of the threaded hole and the curved bar is guaranteed; the curved bar on the machining side is directly clamped, and the machining quality of the threaded hole is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a drilling and tapping processing technology for a threaded hole of a general-purpose crankshaft, in particular to a self-centering drilling and tapping processing fixture for a general-purpose crankshaft. Background Art

[0002] The crankshaft of a general machine is usually made of a blank formed by die forging, and then a qualified finished product is produced after several machining processes. In the later stage of the machining of the crankshaft of a general machine, it is necessary to drill and tap the end of the crankshaft of the general machine, that is, to process the threaded hole at the end of the crankshaft. The existing method of drilling and tapping threaded holes of the crankshaft of a general machine adopts a three-jaw chuck to clamp the crankshaft at one end of the crankshaft of the general machine, and then drills and taps the end of the crankshaft at the other end. Since the overhang of the crankshaft at one end is long, the positioning rigidity is poor and the centering quality is unstable; it is easy for the drilled hole to deviate from the center, the concentricity of the drilling and tapping processes to be inconsistent, and the quality of the processed threaded hole cannot meet the design requirements.

[0003] Obviously, the existing method for drilling and tapping threaded holes in crankshafts of general machines has problems such as poor positioning rigidity, poor concentricity of the processed threaded holes and the crankshaft, and the quality of the threaded holes failing to meet design requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems of the existing drilling and tapping processing methods for general machine crankshaft threaded holes, such as poor positioning rigidity, poor concentricity of the processed threaded holes and the crankshaft, and the quality of the threaded holes failing to meet design requirements, the utility model proposes a self-centering drilling and tapping processing fixture for general machine crankshafts.

[0005] The utility model discloses a self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for a crankshaft of a general machine, comprising a bracket and a clamping mechanism; the bracket is a plate-type structure, comprising a base plate, a vertical plate, an ejector seat, a support arm, a support plate and a triangular support; the base plate and the vertical plate are both rectangular, the vertical plate is vertically fixed to the middle of the base plate surface, and a triangular support is provided at the connection between the vertical plate and the rear side of the base plate, thereby forming an inverted T-shaped support structure; the ejector seat is provided in the middle of the front side surface of the base plate; the support arm is plate-shaped and has a U-shaped opening at the front end, and is laterally fixed to the middle and upper part of the front side of the vertical plate; the support plate is two pieces, respectively, The yoke is fixed vertically on both sides of the upper end of the front side of the vertical plate, and a rectangular through-hole is provided in the middle of the front side of the support plate; the clamping mechanism is fixed to the upper end of the vertical plate, and includes a U-shaped frame, a sliding column, a clamping head, a connecting plate, a cylinder, a T-shaped pull rod and a connecting rod; the U-shaped frame is composed of three rectangular plates, which are fixed laterally to the upper end of the rear side of the vertical plate; the sliding columns are two, which extend outward and are fixed to the outside of the two sides of the U-shaped frame; the clamping head is an L-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the short side of the L-shaped clamping head matches the rectangular through-hole on the support plate, and a V-shaped opening is provided at the front end; the long side of the L-shaped clamping head extends The U-shaped frame is extended to the outside of the U-shaped frame, and a through hole matching the sliding column is provided at the position of the sliding column of the U-shaped frame; the two chucks are slidably mounted on the left and right outsides of the support plate and the U-shaped frame through the through holes on the short side of the L-shaped chuck and the long side of the L-shaped chuck respectively; the connecting plate is two pieces, one end of which is fixed to the inner side of the long side of the two L-shaped chucks, and the other end passes through the through holes on the two sides of the U-shaped frame and extends into the U-shaped frame; the cylinder is fixed on the outside of the middle part of the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame, and its piston passes through the through hole on the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame and extends into the U-shaped frame; the vertical side of the T-shaped pull rod is fixed to the end of the piston , both ends of the horizontal side are provided with hinge holes; the connecting rod is long and there are two of them, and its two ends are hinged to the connecting plate ends on the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame and the horizontal side ends of the T-shaped pull rod respectively; wherein, the axis of the L-shaped clamp is coaxial with the axis of the ejector seat; the axis of the L-shaped clamp refers to the vertical axis of the geometric center formed by the V-shaped opening at the front end of the short side of the L-shaped clamp when the two L-shaped clamps are closed; the setting height of the support arm is based on the fact that after the center hole of the crank rod end at one end of the crankshaft of the general machine is placed on the ejector seat, the crank neck position of the general machine crankshaft is exactly located at the U-shaped opening of the support arm.

[0006] Furthermore, the support arm is fixed to the upper middle portion of the front side of the vertical plate through two vertical long strip through holes and bolts on the vertical plate.

[0007] The beneficial technical effect of the utility model of the self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for crankshafts of general machines is that the clamping center is not affected by the outer diameter of the crankshaft, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the threaded hole and the crankshaft; the crankshaft on the processing side is directly clamped, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the threaded hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Attachment Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the crankshaft of the general engine;

[0009] Attachment Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the prior art clamping method for drilling and tapping threaded holes in crankshafts of general-purpose machines;

[0010] Attachment Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model of a self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for a crankshaft of a general purpose machine;

[0011] Attachment Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the crankshaft self-centering drilling and tapping fixture of the utility model from another angle;

[0012] Attachment Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the processing fixture bracket of the utility model;

[0013] Attachment Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the processing fixture of the utility model;

[0014] Attachment Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the clamping state of the processing fixture of the utility model.

[0015] In the figure, 1 is a bracket, 1-1 is a base plate, 1-2 is a vertical plate, 1-3 is a pin holder, 1-4 is a support arm, 1-5 is a support plate, 1-6 is a triangular support, and 1-7 is a long strip through hole; 2 is a clamping mechanism, 2-1 is a U-shaped frame, 2-2 is a sliding column, 2-3 is a chuck, 2-4 is a connecting plate, 2-5 is a cylinder, 2-6 is a T-shaped pull rod, and 2-7 is a connecting rod; A is a crankshaft of the general engine.

[0016] The following is a further description of the self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for crankshafts of a general machine in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the utility model of the crankshaft self-centering drilling and tapping fixture of the general machine includes a bracket 1 and a clamping mechanism 2; the bracket is a plate structure, including a base plate 1-1, a vertical plate 1-2, an ejector seat 1-3, a support arm 1-4, a support plate 1-5 and a triangular support 1-6; the base plate and the vertical plate are both rectangular, the vertical plate is vertically fixed to the middle of the base plate surface, and a triangular support is provided at the connection between the vertical plate and the rear side of the base plate, thereby forming an inverted T-shaped support structure; the ejector seat is provided in the middle of the front side surface of the base plate; the support arm is plate-shaped and has a U-shaped opening at the front end, which is fixed laterally to the front side of the vertical plate The upper middle part; the support plates are two pieces, which are respectively fixed vertically on both sides of the upper end of the front side of the vertical plate, and a rectangular through hole is provided in the middle of the front side of the support plate; the clamping mechanism is fixed on the upper end of the vertical plate, and includes a U-shaped frame 2-1, a sliding column 2-2, a clamping head 2-3, a connecting plate 2-4, a cylinder 2-5, a T-shaped pull rod 2-6 and a connecting rod 2-7; the U-shaped frame is composed of three rectangular plates, which are laterally fixed to the upper end of the rear side of the vertical plate; the sliding columns are two, which extend outward and are fixed on the outside of the two sides of the U-shaped frame; the clamping head is an L-shaped structure, and the cross-sectional shape of the short side of the L-shaped clamping head matches the rectangular through hole on the support plate. The U-shaped frame is fixed on the left side of the U-shaped frame, and the U-shaped frame is fixed on the right side of the U-shaped frame. The vertical side of the U-shaped tie rod is fixed to the piston end, and both ends of the horizontal side are provided with hinge holes; the connecting rod is long and there are two of them, and its two ends are respectively hinged to the connecting plate ends on the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame and the horizontal side ends of the T-shaped tie rod; wherein, the axis of the L-shaped clamp is coaxial with the axis of the ejector seat; the axis of the L-shaped clamp refers to the vertical axis of the geometric center formed by the V-shaped opening at the front end of the short side of the L-shaped clamp when the two clamps are closed; the setting height of the support arm is based on the center hole of the crank rod end of the general machine crankshaft being placed on the ejector seat, and the neck part of the general machine crankshaft is exactly located at the U-shaped opening of the support arm. When in use, the center hole of the crank rod end of the general machine crankshaft is placed on the ejector seat. At this time, the neck part of the general machine crankshaft is exactly located at the U-shaped opening of the support arm, and the support arm forms a temporary support for the general machine crankshaft. When the cylinder is activated, the piston retracts, pulling the T-shaped tie rod backward. The tie rod pulls the two collets toward each other, and the V-shaped openings of the collets clamp the crankshaft at the other end of the machine. Because the clamping center of the collets is the geometric center formed by the V-shaped openings when the two collets are closed, it is not affected by changes in the outer diameter of the crankshaft. Therefore, this is called a self-centering drilling and tapping fixture.Obviously, the clamping center of the self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for crankshafts of the present invention is affected by the outer diameter of the crank rod, thereby ensuring the concentricity of the threaded hole and the crank rod; and directly clamping the crank rod on the processing side ensures the processing quality of the threaded hole.

[0018] As one of the preferred technical solutions, the support arm is secured to the upper-middle portion of the front side of the vertical plate via two vertical elongated through-holes 1-7 in the vertical plate and bolts. Using elongated through-holes and bolts to secure the support arm allows for easy adjustment of the support arm's height to accommodate the machining of threaded holes at the end of the crankshaft crankshaft of various general-purpose engines.

[0019] Obviously, the beneficial technical effect of the self-centering drilling and tapping processing fixture of the crankshaft of the general machine of the present invention is to use the outer circle of the crankshaft as the positioning basis to ensure the concentricity of the threaded hole and the crankshaft; directly clamp the crankshaft on the processing side to ensure the processing quality of the threaded hole.

Claims

1. A self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for crankshafts of general machines, characterized in that: The processing fixture includes a bracket and a clamping mechanism; the bracket is a plate structure, including a base plate, a vertical plate, an ejector seat, a support arm, a support plate and a triangular support; the base plate and the vertical plate are both rectangular, the vertical plate is vertically fixed to the middle of the base plate surface, and a triangular support is provided at the connection between the vertical plate and the rear side of the base plate, thereby forming an inverted T-shaped support structure; the ejector seat is provided in the middle of the front side surface of the base plate; the support arm is plate-shaped and has a U-shaped opening at the front end, and is laterally fixed to the middle and upper part of the front side of the vertical plate; the support plate is two pieces, which are respectively vertically fixed to the two upper ends of the front side of the vertical plate The cam is an L-shaped structure, and the cross-section of the short side of the L-shaped chuck matches the rectangular through-hole on the support plate, and a V-shaped opening is provided at the front end; the long side of the L-shaped chuck extends to the outside of the U-shaped frame, The U-shaped frame has a through hole matching the sliding column at the position of the sliding column; the two chucks are slidably mounted on the left and right outer sides of the support plate and the U-shaped frame through the through holes on the short side of the L-shaped chuck and the long side of the L-shaped chuck respectively; the connecting plate is two pieces, one end of which is fixed on the inner side of the long side of the two L-shaped chucks, and the other end passes through the through holes on the two sides of the U-shaped frame and extends into the U-shaped frame; the cylinder is fixed on the outside of the middle part of the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame, and its piston passes through the through hole on the bottom edge of the U-shaped frame and extends into the U-shaped frame; the vertical side of the T-shaped pull rod is fixed to the end of the piston, and the horizontal side is fixed to the end of the piston. Both ends are provided with hinge holes; the connecting rod is long and there are two of it, and its two ends are hinged to the connecting plate ends on the left and right sides of the U-shaped frame and the horizontal end of the T-shaped pull rod respectively; wherein, the axis of the L-shaped clamp is coaxial with the axis of the ejector seat; the axis of the L-shaped clamp refers to the vertical axis of the geometric center formed by the V-shaped opening at the front end of the short side of the L-shaped clamp when the two L-shaped clamps are closed; the setting height of the support arm is based on the fact that after the center hole of the crank rod end at one end of the crankshaft of the general machine is placed on the ejector seat, the crank neck position of the general machine crankshaft is exactly located at the U-shaped opening of the support arm.

2. The self-centering drilling and tapping fixture for crankshafts of general machines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm is fixed to the upper middle portion of the front side of the vertical plate through two vertical long strip through holes and bolts on the vertical plate.

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