Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, the antenna unit comprises a substrate, a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer is arranged on one side of the substrate, the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is connected with the microstrip line, and the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the substrate. The first metal layer is arranged on one side of the substrate, the microstrip line extends to form an open-circuit branch knot, the radiation patch is provided with a slot unit, the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the substrate, the second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the substrate. By means of the mode, the antenna unit can have the in-band notch characteristic, and in-band interference can be effectively restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Planar broadband omnidirectional antennas are important wireless communication components. Compared with traditional antennas, planar broadband omnidirectional antennas have a simpler structure and are easier to integrate into miniaturized wireless communication terminals. They are also lower in cost. The broadband characteristics of planar broadband omnidirectional antennas enable the antennas to operate over a wider frequency range, thereby achieving higher data transmission rates.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors discovered that planar ultra-wideband omnidirectional antennas usually adopt a planar structure with limited space, making it difficult to accommodate complex in-band notch structures. In addition, the adjustment of the notch frequency requires precise control of component size and circuit parameters, requiring complex simulation and optimization processes. Nonlinear elements in the planar ultra-wideband omnidirectional antenna or other circuits may generate harmonics, and the harmonic frequencies may fall within the passband of the ultra-wideband antenna, thereby generating in-band interference. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit, so that the antenna unit has the characteristics of in-band notch, which can effectively suppress in-band interference.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present application is: providing an antenna unit, including a substrate, a first metal layer and a second metal layer, the first metal layer is arranged on one side of the substrate, the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line, the microstrip line extends with an open branch, the radiation patch is provided with a gap unit, the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the substrate, the second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the substrate.

[0006] Optionally, the open-circuit branch includes a first resonant branch and a second resonant branch, one end of the first resonant branch is connected to the microstrip line, and the other end of the first resonant branch is connected to the second resonant branch in a bent manner.

[0007] Optionally, the open branch is an "L"-shaped branch.

[0008] Optionally, the slit unit includes a first slit and a second slit, and the second slit is vertically connected to the first slit.

[0009] Optionally, the gap unit is a “T”-shaped gap unit.

[0010] Optionally, the radiation patch is provided with a first chamfer, a second chamfer, a third chamfer and a fourth chamfer, and the first chamfer and the second chamfer are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip line, and the third chamfer and the fourth chamfer are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip line.

[0011] Optionally, the radiation patch further includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, and the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are connected through the gap unit.

[0012] Optionally, the second metal layer is arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0013] Optionally, the first metal layer, the substrate and the second metal layer are stacked in sequence, and the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the microstrip line are symmetrical about a horizontal line passing through the center of the substrate.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: providing a communication device, including any of the above antenna units.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including a substrate, a first metal layer, and a second metal layer, wherein the first metal layer is arranged on one side of the substrate, the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line, the microstrip line is extended with an open branch, and the radiation patch is provided with a slot unit, the second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the substrate, the second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the substrate. By setting the open branch, the open branch will be coupled with the microstrip line, resulting in energy reflection, thereby forming a notch phenomenon in the spectrum, which can effectively suppress interference signals of specific frequencies and improve the performance of the wireless communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is a plan view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4is another planar layout of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing how the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application changes with different L1;

[0022] Figure 6 1 is a diagram showing how the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit of the embodiment of the present application changes with different L2;

[0023] Figure 7 The standing wave ratio of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application varies with different W T Graph of changes in

[0024] Figure 8 1 is a graph showing the simulation results of the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a simulation result diagram of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, substrate; 20, first metal layer; 201, radiation patch; 30, microstrip line; 301, open branch; 202, slot unit; 40, second metal layer; 311, first resonant branch; 312, second resonant branch; 221, first slot; 222, second slot; 211, first chamfer; 212, second chamfer; 213, third chamfer; 214, fourth chamfer; 215, first conductive portion; 216, second conductive portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0029] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] See also Figure 1 The antenna unit 100 includes: a substrate 10, a first metal layer 20 and a second metal layer 40, the first metal layer 20 is arranged on one side of the substrate 10, the first metal layer 20 is provided with a radiation patch 201 and a microstrip line 30, the radiation patch 201 is connected to the microstrip line 30, the microstrip line 30 extends with an open branch 301, the radiation patch 201 is provided with a slot unit 202, the second metal layer 40 is arranged on the other side of the substrate 10, the second metal layer 40 is arranged opposite to the first metal layer 20, and one end of the second metal layer 40 is perpendicular to the substrate 10, which helps to ensure the performance consistency of the antenna in different directions and avoid directional deviation. Through the above-mentioned setting, the radiation patch 201 and the microstrip line 30 jointly realize the radiation function of the antenna unit 100, and their size parameters determine the radiation performance, bandwidth and reflection coefficient of the antenna. In addition, the open-circuit branch 301 forms a transmission zero point within the passband of the antenna unit 100 by introducing resonance, thereby realizing in-band notching and suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, the first metal layer 20, the substrate 10, and the second metal layer 40 are stacked in sequence, and the first metal layer 20, the second metal layer 40, and the microstrip line 30 are all symmetrical up and down about the horizontal center line of the substrate 10, and the second metal layer 40 is arranged in a rectangular shape. Through the above arrangement, the symmetry of the antenna unit 100 structure is ensured, the stability of the antenna performance is improved, and it helps to ensure the consistency of the radiation performance of the antenna unit 100 in different directions, avoid the occurrence of directional pattern distortion, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the antenna.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line 30 is 50 ohms, and the microstrip line 30 connects the radiation patch 201 and the open branch 301 .

[0033] See also Figure 2In the embodiment of the present application, the radiation patch 201 is provided with a first chamfer 211, a second chamfer 212, a third chamfer 213 and a fourth chamfer 214, and the first chamfer 211 and the second chamfer 212 are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip line 30, and the third chamfer 213 and the fourth chamfer 214 are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip line 30. By setting multiple chamfers, the effective area and shape of the radiator are changed, thereby changing its resonant frequency. In addition, the multiple chamfers are equivalent to introducing multiple small capacitors and inductors, which can affect the overall impedance and resonance characteristics of the radiation patch 201, thereby changing the resonant frequency. The radiation patch 201 also includes a first conductive portion 215 and a second conductive portion 216. The first conductive portion 215 and the second conductive portion 216 are connected through the slot unit 202. By setting the slot unit 202, the interference and coupling effect between different parts inside the antenna unit 100 can be reduced. In the absence of the slot unit 202, unnecessary electromagnetic coupling may be generated between the first conductive portion 215 and the second conductive portion 216, affecting the performance of the antenna. The introduction of gaps can isolate these coupling effects, allowing the antenna to transmit and receive signals more clearly. For details, please continue to refer to Figure 2 The gap unit 202 includes a first gap 221 and a second gap 222 , the second gap 222 is vertically connected to the first gap 221 , and the gap unit 202 is a “T”-shaped gap unit 202 .

[0034] Please continue reading Figure 2 The open branch 301 includes a first resonant branch 311 and a second resonant branch 312. One end of the first resonant branch 311 is connected to the microstrip line 30, and the other end of the first resonant branch 311 is bent and connected to the second resonant branch 312. The open branch 301 is an "L"-shaped branch. When the frequency of the electromagnetic wave approaches the resonant frequency of the open branch 301, the open branch 301 will couple with the microstrip line 30, resulting in energy reflection, thereby forming a notch phenomenon in the spectrum. By adjusting the length and width of the open branch 301, the resonant frequency can be changed, thereby controlling the notch frequency.

[0035] To help understand the solution in this application, this application also provides an embodiment. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the substrate 10 is 3.38. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the substrate 10 is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.762mm; the first metal layer 20 is copper-plated and has a thickness of 0.035mm. The front and back of the design example layout are as follows Figure 4 and 5 As shown. Among them, L P is the length of the antenna unit 100 or the length of the second metal layer 40, W Pis the width of the antenna unit 100, W G is the width of the second metal layer 40, L S is the length of the radiation patch 201, W S is the width of the radiation patch 201, H T is one of the chamfer heights, W T is the width of one chamfer, L TH is the horizontal arm length of the gap unit 202, W TH is the horizontal arm width of the gap unit 202, L TV is the vertical arm length of the gap unit 202, W TV is the vertical arm width of the gap unit 202, L1 is the vertical length of the open branch 301, L2 is the horizontal length of the open branch 301, W1 is the width of the open branch 301, L F is the length of the microstrip line with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω, W F is the width of the microstrip line with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.

[0036] Notch center frequency f N The relationship between the size parameters L1 and L2 of the open branch 301 can be summarized as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, ε r is the dielectric constant of the substrate 10 .

[0039] Please combine 6 pictures to Figure 9 ,Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that as the parameter L1 increases, its standing wave ratio increases near the notch center frequency; its standing wave ratio decreases near the notch center frequency; the passband bandwidth remains unchanged; the notch center frequency moves downward, and the isolation at the notch center frequency increases.

[0040] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that as the parameter L2 increases, its standing wave ratio increases in the passband less than the notch center frequency; its standing wave ratio decreases in the passband greater than the notch center frequency; the passband bandwidth remains unchanged; the notch center frequency moves downward, and the isolation at the notch center frequency remains almost unchanged.

[0041] Depend on Figure 8 It can be seen that as the parameter W1 increases, its standing wave ratio increases in the passband less than the notch center frequency; in the passband greater than the notch center frequency, its standing wave ratio remains almost unchanged; the passband bandwidth remains unchanged; the notch center frequency moves downward, and the isolation at the notch center frequency first increases.

[0042] By optimizing its parameters, we can get a design example: L P =30.0mm,W P=30.0mm,W G =9.5mm,L S =19.0mm,W S =28.0mm,L T =8.0mm,H T =8.0mm,L TH =9.9mm,W TH =0.4mm,L TV =8.9mm,W TV =0.2mm, L1=0.4mm, L2=7.0mm, W1=0.1mm, L F =10.0mm,W F =1.8mm. The reflection coefficient of the broadband slot antenna after parameter optimization is as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, it is easy to see that the bandwidth with a standing wave ratio less than 2 ranges from 3.2 to 12.8 GHz, the center frequency is 8.0 GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 9.6 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 120%, showing ultra-wideband characteristics; within the passband, there are four transmission poles, located at 3.8 GHz, 5.3 GHz, 9.1 GHz, and 11.9 GHz, ensuring the maximum gain and flatness of the radiation efficiency within the passband; there is also a transmission zero at the notch, located at 6.8 GHz, which can effectively suppress the in-band interference at this frequency.

[0043] Figure 9 The simulation results for the antenna's maximum gain and radiation efficiency are shown in the figure. As can be seen, within the passband, its average maximum gain is 4.08dBi, demonstrating its high maximum gain advantage; within the passband, its average radiation efficiency is 94.2%, demonstrating its high radiation efficiency advantage; and there is a notch at 6.8GHz, with a high isolation of 13.8dB at the notch's center frequency.

[0044] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, including a substrate 10, a first metal layer 20 and a second metal layer 40, wherein the first metal layer 20 is arranged on one side of the substrate 10, and the first metal layer 20 is provided with a radiation patch 201 and a microstrip line, the radiation patch 201 is connected to the microstrip line, the microstrip line extends with an open branch 301, and the radiation patch 201 is provided with a gap unit 202, the second metal layer 40 is arranged on the other side of the substrate 10, the second metal layer 40 is arranged opposite to the first metal layer 20, and one end of the second metal layer 40 is perpendicular to the substrate 10, by providing the open branch 301, the open branch 301 will be coupled with the microstrip line, resulting in energy reflection, thereby forming a notch phenomenon in the spectrum, which can effectively suppress interference signals of specific frequencies and improve the performance of the wireless communication system.

[0045] The present application further provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the above-mentioned antenna unit 100. The specific structure and function of the antenna unit 100 can be found in the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: substrate; a first metal layer disposed on one side of the substrate, wherein the first metal layer is provided with a radiation patch and a microstrip line, the radiation patch is connected to the microstrip line, the microstrip line extends with an open branch, and the radiation patch is provided with a slot unit; The second metal layer is arranged on the other side of the substrate. The second metal layer is arranged opposite to the first metal layer, and one end of the second metal layer is perpendicular to the substrate.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The open-circuit branch includes a first resonant branch and a second resonant branch. One end of the first resonant branch is connected to the microstrip line, and the other end of the first resonant branch is connected to the second resonant branch in a bent manner.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The open branch is an "L"-shaped branch.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The slit unit includes a first slit and a second slit, and the second slit is vertically connected to the first slit.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The gap unit is a "T"-shaped gap unit.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation patch is provided with a first chamfer, a second chamfer, a third chamfer and a fourth chamfer, and the first chamfer and the second chamfer are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip line, and the third chamfer and the fourth chamfer are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip line.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiation patch further includes a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, wherein the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are connected through the gap unit.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The second metal layer is arranged in a rectangular shape.

9. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first metal layer, the substrate and the second metal layer are stacked in sequence, and the first metal layer, the second metal layer and the microstrip line are symmetrical about a horizontal line passing through the center of the substrate.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: The antenna unit comprises the antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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