Antenna unit and communication equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses an antenna unit and communication equipment, the antenna unit comprises a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder line and a grounding plate, the radiator is arranged on a substrate, the radiator is provided with a first slot unit, one end of the microstrip feeder line is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, and the other end of the microstrip feeder line is perpendicular to the grounding plate. The other end of the microstrip feeder is connected with the radiator, and the microstrip feeder is provided with a second slot unit; the grounding plate is arranged on the substrate, the grounding plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the grounding plate is perpendicular to the substrate. By means of the mode, the antenna unit can have the in-band notch characteristic, and in-band interference can be effectively restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna unit and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] Planar broadband antennas are an important wireless communication component. Compared with traditional antennas, planar broadband antennas have a simpler structure and are easier to integrate into miniaturized wireless communication terminals. At the same time, they are lower in cost. The broadband characteristics of planar broadband antennas enable the antennas to operate in a wider frequency range, thereby achieving higher data transmission rates.

[0003] During the implementation of the embodiments of the present application, the inventors discovered that planar ultra-wideband antennas usually adopt a planar structure with limited space, making it difficult to accommodate complex in-band notch structures. In addition, the adjustment of the notch frequency requires precise control of component size and circuit parameters, requiring complex simulation and optimization processes. Nonlinear elements in planar ultra-wideband antennas or other circuits may generate harmonics, and the harmonic frequencies may fall within the passband of the planar ultra-wideband antenna, thereby generating in-band interference. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main technical problem solved by the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna unit, so that the antenna unit has the characteristics of in-band notch, which can effectively suppress in-band interference.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in an embodiment of the present application is: providing an antenna unit, including a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder and a ground plate, the radiator is arranged on the substrate, the radiator is provided with a first slot unit, one end of the microstrip feeder is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feeder is connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder is provided with a second slot unit; the ground plate is arranged on the substrate, the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the dielectric plate.

[0006] Optionally, the first gap unit includes a first gap and a second gap, a third gap and a fourth gap, and the first gap is connected to the second gap, the third gap and the fourth gap respectively.

[0007] Optionally, the lengths and widths of the first gap, the second gap, the third gap and the fourth gap are equal.

[0008] Optionally, the first gap unit is a "cross"-shaped gap unit.

[0009] Optionally, the second slit unit includes a fifth slit and a sixth slit, and the fifth slit is connected to the sixth slit in a bending manner.

[0010] Optionally, the second gap unit is an “L”-shaped gap unit.

[0011] Optionally, the radiator includes a first cut angle, a second cut angle, a third cut angle and a fourth cut angle, the first cut angle and the second cut angle are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line, and the third cut angle and the fourth cut angle are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line.

[0012] Optionally, the radiator further includes a first trapezoidal radiating portion, a second trapezoidal radiating portion and a rectangular radiating portion, the rectangular radiating portion connects the first trapezoidal radiating portion and the second trapezoidal radiating portion respectively, and the first slot unit is provided in the rectangular radiating portion.

[0013] Optionally, the radiator and the ground plate are symmetrically arranged about a perpendicular midline of the dielectric plate.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application is: providing a communication device, including any of the above antenna units.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including a dielectric plate, a radiator, a microstrip feeder and a ground plate, wherein the radiator is arranged on the substrate, the radiator is provided with a first slot unit, one end of the microstrip feeder is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feeder is connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder is provided with a second slot unit; the ground plate is arranged on the substrate, the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the substrate, and the current distribution on the radiator is changed by setting the first slot, so that the current is more evenly distributed on the antenna, thereby improving the impedance matching performance of the antenna, and the second slot unit is set to reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, resulting in the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies cannot propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies and improving the performance of the wireless communication system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly describes the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0017] Figure 1 is an exploded view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3is a plan view of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is another planar layout of the antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 The standing wave ratio of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application varies with different L SV Graph of changes in

[0022] Figure 6 The standing wave ratio of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application varies with different L SH Graph of changes in

[0023] Figure 7 The standing wave ratio of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application varies with different W SH Graph of changes in

[0024] Figure 8 This is a simulation result diagram of the standing wave ratio of the antenna unit in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 100, antenna unit; 10, dielectric plate; 20, radiator; 201, first slot unit; 30, microstrip feed line; 301, second slot unit; 40, ground plate; 211, first slot; 212, second slot; 213, third slot; 214, fourth slot; 311, fifth slot; 314, sixth slot; 202, first cut angle; 203, second cut angle; 204, third cut angle; 205, fourth cut angle; 206, first trapezoidal radiating portion; 207, second trapezoidal radiating portion; 208, rectangular radiating portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, the present application will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more centered elements therebetween. The terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. used in this specification indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0028] In addition, the technical features involved in different embodiments of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] See also Figure 1 The antenna unit 100 includes: a dielectric plate 10, a radiator 20, a microstrip feed line 30 and a ground plate 40. The radiator 20 is arranged on the dielectric plate 10. The radiator 20 is provided with a first slot unit 201. By introducing the first slot unit 201, the current distribution and electromagnetic field mode of the radiator 20 can be changed, thereby widening the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 and improving the performance stability of the antenna unit 100 within a wide frequency band; one end of the microstrip feed line 30 is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate 10, so that the microstrip feed line 30 is more compact, which is conducive to the miniaturization and integration of the antenna. At the same time, it can also reduce the coupling interference between the microstrip feed line 30 and the radiator 20, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The other end of the microstrip feed line 30 is connected to the radiator 20 to transmit the input signal energy to the radiator 20. The microstrip feed line 30 is provided with a second slot unit 301. The second slot unit 301 will reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, causing the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies to be unable to propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband. The ground plate 40 is arranged with the dielectric plate 10. The ground plate 40 is arranged opposite to the radiator 20, and one end of the ground plate 40 is perpendicular to the dielectric plate 10. The ground plate 40 serves as the reflecting surface of the antenna unit 100, which can reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiator 20 to its back side back to the front side, thereby enhancing the radiation intensity and directivity of the antenna unit 100. In the present application, the ground plate 40 is arranged relative to the radiator 20 to form an effective reflection cavity. Through the above arrangement, the antenna unit 100 achieves stable radiation and efficient transmission within a wide band. The first slot unit 201 and the second slot unit 301 further widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna unit 100 and improve its performance stability within a wide band.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 20 and the ground plate 40 are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular bisector of the dielectric plate 10, reducing the imbalance of the antenna unit 100, thereby improving the performance stability of the antenna and reducing frequency offset and phase distortion.

[0031] See also Figure 2The radiator 20 includes a first cut angle 202, a second cut angle 203, a third cut angle 204 and a fourth cut angle 205. The first cut angle 202 and the second cut angle 203 are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip feed line 30, and the third cut angle 204 and the fourth cut angle 205 are symmetrically arranged about the microstrip feed line 30. By setting multiple cut angles, the effective area and shape of the radiator 20 will be changed, thereby changing its resonant frequency. In addition, multiple cut angles are equivalent to introducing multiple small capacitors and inductors, which can affect the overall impedance and resonance characteristics of the radiator 20, thereby changing the resonant frequency.

[0032] The radiator 20 further includes a first trapezoidal radiating portion 206 , a second trapezoidal radiating portion 207 and a rectangular radiating portion 208 . The rectangular radiating portion 208 connects the first trapezoidal radiating portion 206 and the second trapezoidal radiating portion 207 , respectively. The first slot unit 201 is disposed in the rectangular radiating portion 208 .

[0033] See also Figure 2 The first slot unit 201 includes a first slot 211, a second slot 212, a third slot 213, and a fourth slot 214. The first slot 211 is connected to the second slot 212, the third slot 213, and the fourth slot 214, respectively. The lengths and widths of the first slot 211, the second slot 212, the third slot 213, and the fourth slot 214 are equal. In the embodiment of the present application, the first slot unit 201 is a "cross"-shaped slot unit. The first slot unit 201 divides the radiator 20 into multiple small parts, reducing the equivalent capacitance of the radiator 20, thereby reducing the self-resonant frequency of the antenna and widening the working bandwidth of the antenna. The first slot unit 201 also changes the current distribution on the radiator 20, making the current more evenly distributed on the antenna, thereby improving the impedance matching performance of the antenna.

[0034] Please continue reading Figure 2 The second slot unit 301 includes a fifth slot 311 and a sixth slot 314. The fifth slot 311 is connected to the sixth slot 314 by bending, and the second slot unit 301 is an "L"-shaped slot unit. In the embodiment of the present application, the notch frequency is mainly determined by the size parameters of the second radiating unit. By adjusting the length of the horizontal part and the vertical part of the second slot unit 301, the position of the notch frequency can be changed. The width of the second slot unit 301 will affect the isolation at the notch. Properly adjusting the width of the second slot unit 301 can improve the isolation at the notch frequency and further suppress in-band interference. By introducing the second slot unit 301 into the antenna unit 100 and optimizing its size parameters, in-band notching can be achieved, effectively suppressing in-band interference of specific frequencies and improving antenna performance.

[0035] To help understand the solution in this application, this application also provides an embodiment. In this embodiment, the dielectric constant of the dielectric plate 10 is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.762mm; the radiator is copper-plated with a thickness of 0.035mm. The front and back of the design example layout are as follows: Figure 3 and 4 As shown. Among them, L G is the length of the antenna unit 100, L S is the length of the rectangular radiation portion 208, W S is the width of the rectangular radiation portion 208, L T H is the length of the short side of the second trapezoidal radiating portion 207. T is the height of the first trapezoidal radiating portion 206, L C is the arm length of the second gap 212, W C is the arm width of the first gap 211, L SH is the length of the horizontal portion of the second slit unit 301, L SV is the length of the vertical portion of the second slit unit 301, W SL is the width of the second gap unit 301, L F is the length of the microstrip feed line with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω, W F is the width of the microstrip feed line with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω.

[0036] Notch center frequency f N and the size parameter L of the second gap unit 301 SH 、L SV The relationship between them can be summarized as: Among them, among them, ε r is the dielectric constant of the substrate 10, and c is the transmission speed of electromagnetic waves in a vacuum.

[0037] In order to more vividly show the influence of the parameters of the second slot unit 301 on the ultra-wideband antenna, the present application also provides Figure 5-8 .

[0038] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that as the parameter L SV As the frequency of the notch center moves downward, the isolation at the notch center frequency first decreases slightly and then increases slightly.

[0039] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that as the parameter L SHThe standing wave ratio increases, and in the passband less than the notch center frequency, the standing wave ratio increases; in the passband greater than the notch center frequency, the standing wave ratio remains almost unchanged; the passband bandwidth becomes slightly narrower; the notch center frequency remains almost unchanged, and the standing wave ratio at the notch center frequency increases.

[0040] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that as the parameter W SL As the frequency increases, the standing wave ratio becomes slightly better in the passband smaller than the notch center frequency; in the passband larger than the notch center frequency, the standing wave ratio remains almost unchanged; the passband bandwidth remains unchanged; the notch center frequency first becomes slightly smaller and then slightly smaller, and the isolation at the notch center frequency first becomes slightly larger and then slightly smaller.

[0041] By optimizing its parameters, we can get a design example: L P =30.0mm,W P =30.0mm,L G =9.5mm,L S =19.0mm,W S =12.0mm,L T =3.0mm,H T =8.0mm,L C =5.9mm,W C =0.2mm,L SH =0.4mm,L SV =7.0mm,W SL =0.1mm,L F =10.0mm,W F =1.8mm. The reflection coefficient of the broadband slot antenna after parameter optimization is as follows Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the bandwidth with a standing wave ratio less than 2 ranges from 3.4 to 12.8 GHz, with a center frequency of 8.1 GHz, an absolute bandwidth of 9.4 GHz, and a relative bandwidth of 116%, demonstrating ultra-wideband characteristics. Within the passband, there are three transmission poles located at 4.7 GHz, 9.4 GHz, and 12.3 GHz, ensuring maximum gain and flatness of radiation efficiency within the passband. There is also a transmission zero at 7.0 GHz at the notch, which effectively suppresses in-band interference at this frequency.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit 100, comprising a dielectric plate 10, a radiator, a microstrip feeder and a ground plane, wherein the radiator is arranged on the substrate, the radiator is provided with a first slot unit 201, one end of the microstrip feeder is perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate 10, the other end of the microstrip feeder is connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feeder is provided with a second slot unit 301; the ground plane is arranged on the substrate, the ground plane is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plane is perpendicular to the substrate, and the current distribution on the radiator is changed by setting the first slot, so that the current is more evenly distributed on the antenna, thereby improving the impedance matching performance of the antenna, and the second slot unit 301 is set to reflect some electromagnetic waves of specific frequencies, resulting in the electromagnetic waves of these frequencies being unable to propagate normally, thereby forming a notch in the passband, thereby effectively suppressing interference signals of specific frequencies and improving the performance of the wireless communication system.

[0043] The present application further provides an embodiment of a communication device, which includes the above-mentioned antenna unit 100. The specific structure and function of the antenna unit 100 can be found in the above-mentioned embodiment and will not be described in detail here.

[0044] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, characterized in that: include: dielectric board; a radiator, disposed on the dielectric plate, wherein the radiator is provided with a first gap unit; a microstrip feed line, one end of the microstrip feed line being perpendicular to one side of the dielectric plate, the other end of the microstrip feed line being connected to the radiator, and the microstrip feed line being provided with a second slot unit; A ground plate is arranged on the dielectric plate, the ground plate is arranged opposite to the radiator, and one end of the ground plate is perpendicular to the dielectric plate.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first slit unit includes a first slit, a second slit, a third slit, and a fourth slit, and the first slit is connected to the second slit, the third slit, and the fourth slit, respectively.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein: The lengths and widths of the first gap, the second gap, the third gap, and the fourth gap are equal.

4. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The first gap unit is a "cross" shaped gap unit.

5. The antenna unit according to claim 3, wherein: The second slot unit includes a fifth slot and a sixth slot, and the fifth slot is connected to the sixth slot by a bending motion.

6. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The second gap unit is an "L"-shaped gap unit.

7. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator includes a first cut angle, a second cut angle, a third cut angle and a fourth cut angle, the first cut angle and the second cut angle are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line, and the third cut angle and the fourth cut angle are symmetrically arranged with respect to the microstrip feed line.

8. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator further includes a first trapezoidal radiating portion, a second trapezoidal radiating portion and a rectangular radiating portion. The rectangular radiating portion connects the first trapezoidal radiating portion and the second trapezoidal radiating portion respectively, and the first slot unit is provided in the rectangular radiating portion.

9. The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator and the ground plate are symmetrically arranged about the perpendicular midline of the dielectric plate.

10. A communication device, characterized in that: The antenna unit comprises the antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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