Long-life pulse generating and counting device for action experiment
Through the modular design of integrated pulse generator and counter, the existing device has been solved with complex design, high cost, large size and single function, and a miniaturized, low-cost and high-reliability action experimental device is realized to adapt to high-frequency action tests.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422604171.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing self-circulation device used for long-life use requires the cooperation of two sets of time relays, resulting in complex design, high cost, large size, single function and inability to set time within a wide range. It also requires third-party products to implement the counting function, which increases the difficulty of reliability verification and procurement costs.
The pulse generator U1 and counter are used, combined with the pulse adjustment circuit and the electrical isolation module, and are integrated on a PCB board to realize the adjustment and counting of the operation time. The NE555 time-based chip and non-isolated buck circuit are used to simplify the circuit through modular design, and plug-in connectors and small counters are used to reduce complexity and cost.
It realizes a small-volume, low-cost, and integrated operation experiment device, adapts to high-frequency action tests, simplifies maintenance and replacement, reduces line connection complexity and usage costs, and has high reliability and portability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223297574U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of testing equipment, and in particular relates to a device for counting the occurrence and frequency of actions in a long-life action test. Background Art
[0002] Existing long-life self-circulating devices often require two sets of time relays to operate in coordination, and also need to be used with third-party products to realize the counting function. This not only increases the reliability verification in the design process, but also makes the line connection inconvenient. At the same time, the function is relatively single, which increases the overall procurement cost.
[0003] Due to the limitations of the device's internal operating mechanism, the time range of its time relay setting is from several seconds to tens of seconds, and it is impossible to achieve time setting within a wider range. It is not only bulky and expensive, but also greatly prolongs the test cycle. Utility Model Content
[0004] In response to the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments, which adjusts the action time of the device under test based on a pulse generator and integrates a counting and display function to achieve a small size.
[0005] A pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments includes a pulse generator U1, an external pulse control switch P1, a pulse adjustment circuit, a device under test, and a counter. The pulse generator U1 controls the on and off of the device under test based on a pulse signal, and uses the counter to record the number of actions; the pulse control switch P1 is used to control the on and off of the power supply of U1, and the pulse adjustment circuit is used to adjust the output pulse frequency of U1.
[0006] Preferably, the pulse generator U1 adopts the NE555 time base chip, and the 4th pin of the chip is externally connected to the pulse control switch P1.
[0007] Preferably, the pulse regulation circuit includes an adjustable resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a capacitor C3 connected in series. Pins 4 and 8 of the chip are connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R4, and pin 7 of the chip is connected to the other end of the adjustable resistor R4; pins 2 and 6 of the chip are connected to the positive electrode of the capacitor C3; the output pulse frequency f of pin 3 of U1 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor R4, which is expressed as:
[0008] Preferably, the device also includes an electrical isolation module, including isolators IC1 and IC2, IC1 and IC2 include a primary and a secondary, the primary is a bidirectional light emitting diode, and the secondary is a phototransistor. When a certain current flows through the primary, the bidirectional light emitting diode emits light, and the light is sensed by the secondary phototransistor, so that the collector and emitter of the secondary photodiode are turned on, and when no current flows through the primary, the secondary phototransistor cannot be turned on; the secondaries of IC1 and IC2 are respectively connected to the device under test and the counter.
[0009] Preferably, the secondary connection of the isolator IC1 is to the onboard plug connector X2, serving as a connection interface for an external device under test.
[0010] Preferably, X2 is an XH2.54-8P connector.
[0011] Preferably, the secondary side of the isolator IC2 is connected to pins 5 and 6 of the onboard counter CNTR with a memory function, and CNTR is a small H7EX-N counter.
[0012] Preferably, the electrical isolation module further includes a current limiting resistor R6 connected between pin 3 of U1 and IC1 to prevent IC1 and IC2 from being damaged due to excessive current.
[0013] Preferably, the device further comprises a DC / DC converter for stepping down the input voltage to supply power to the pulse generating circuit.
[0014] Preferably, the DC / DC converter adopts a non-isolated step-down circuit, including a diode D1, three resistors R1, R2, R3, two capacitors C1, C2 and Q1, Q2 tubes, wherein R1 is used as a bias resistor of Q1 tube, connected to the base and collector of Q1, so that Q1 tube operates in the amplification region; Q2 and R2, R3, C2 form a comparison circuit, R2 and R3 form an output voltage divider circuit, the divided voltage signal is connected to the reference terminal of Q2 for comparison, the cathode of Q2 is connected to the base pin of Q1, and the position of the operating point of Q1 in the amplification region is adjusted according to the comparison result. Q2 plays a negative feedback role on Q1, and the output voltage of the DC / DC converter is
[0015]
[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0017] (1) The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments disclosed in the present invention adopts a modular design and a simple structure, which can reduce potential hazards caused by overly complex circuits and facilitate maintenance and replacement;
[0018] (2) The components used in the pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments disclosed by the utility model are all stable in performance and low in price, which effectively reduces costs. The existing device uses an electromagnetic action device, which has problems such as spring fatigue and arc burning failure, and cannot adapt to high-frequency action tests. The utility model can adapt to high-frequency action tests;
[0019] (3) The pulse generation and counting device for the long-life action experiment disclosed in the utility model is integrated into a PCB
[0020] The device is on a board, compact and easy to carry, solving the problem of single function and large size of existing devices; (4) The external interface of the pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment disclosed in the utility model adopts a plug-in connector for connection, which is convenient for connecting external devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a module connection diagram of an embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a circuit connection diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] The embodiment of the utility model provides a pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments, which uses an integrated circuit with corresponding functions in combination with peripheral components to adjust the test parameters.
[0027] See attached Figure 1 , a module connection diagram of a pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiments, which consists of a DC / DC conversion circuit, an adjustable pulse generating circuit, a pulse control switch, a counter and an electrical isolation module.
[0028] The DC / DC conversion circuit converts the input DC110V voltage into the DC5V voltage required by the chip to power the adjustable pulse generation circuit.
[0029] The adjustable pulse generating circuit is connected to an external input signal (switch P1) and an adjustment device. The external input signal acts as a pulse control switch to control the power supply of the adjustable pulse generating circuit. The adjustment device changes the output pulse period by adjusting the resistance value of its resistor and inserting the potentiometer pin into the pin header on the circuit board, thereby adjusting the pulse generation frequency of the adjustable pulse generating circuit.
[0030] The electrical isolation module is connected to the adjustable pulse generation circuit, effectively preventing the high voltage from the device under test from causing serious damage to the device under test and the counter in this circuit. The device under test and the counter are connected to the adjustable pulse generation circuit through the electrical isolation module. The adjustable pulse generation circuit can control the operation of the device under test through pulses, and the counter is used to record the number of times the device under test has operated, facilitating observation and statistics.
[0031] In this embodiment, all the above components are integrated on a PCB board, and the modules are connected by lines. The board is compact and easy to carry, effectively reducing potential risks caused by overly complex circuits, and is easy to repair and replace.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] See attached Figure 2 , provides a pulse generating and counting device for long-life experiment, the circuit includes a DC / DC conversion circuit, an adjustable pulse generating circuit, a pulse control switch, a counter and an electrical isolation circuit.
[0034] Figure 2 The components X1, D1, C1, R1, Q1, Q2, C2, R2, and R3 form a DC / DC conversion circuit.
[0035] In this embodiment, a non-isolated step-down circuit is used. X1 is the external power interface on the PCB, through which a DC110V power supply is connected. Pin 1 of X1 is connected to the positive terminal of D1 and pin 2 is grounded. The negative terminal of D1 is connected to C1 and then to ground. D1 provides reverse polarity protection, preventing damage to the entire device due to incorrect power supply polarity. C1 is the input filter capacitor, filtering out high-frequency noise from the power supply. R1 is connected to the base and collector of Q1. R1 acts as a bias resistor for Q1, ensuring that Q1 operates in the amplification range. Q1 acts as a regulator to adjust the output voltage. Q2, R2, R3 and C2 form a comparison circuit. Q2 is a TL431 tube, in which R2 and R3 form an output voltage divider circuit. The divided voltage signal is connected to the reference terminal of Q2 for comparison. The cathode of Q2 is connected to the base pin of Q1. According to the comparison result, the position of Q1's operating point in the amplification area is adjusted, thereby changing the output voltage and stabilizing the output voltage at an ideal voltage. Q2 plays a negative feedback role for Q1. C2 acts as a comparison filter capacitor to prevent high-frequency noise from causing Q2 comparison errors and abnormal output voltage fluctuations. The output voltage can be measured through It can be concluded that the circuit can output a DC5V power supply voltage by setting the resistance to R2=R3, which can be used as the power supply for subsequent circuits.
[0036] Figure 2 Components R4, R5, C3, C4, U1, and P1 form an adjustable pulse generation circuit. In this circuit, adjustable resistor R4, resistor R5, and capacitor C3 are connected in series and then grounded. Pins 4 and 8 of U1 are connected to one end of adjustable resistor R4, and pin 7 of the chip is connected to the other end of adjustable resistor R4. Pins 2 and 6 of the chip are connected to the positive terminal of capacitor C3. Pin 5 of U1 is connected to ground after passing through capacitor C4, and pin 1 of U1 is grounded.
[0037] R4, R5, and C3 form a pulse adjustment circuit. By adjusting the adjustable resistor R4, the output pulse frequency of U1's 3rd pin can be adjusted; its frequency can be determined by the formula: Can be derived.
[0038] P1, an external input signal, acts as a pulse control switch in this circuit. Connected to pin 4 of U1, it controls U1's power on and off. Because the device under test is limited by external pressure, when the external pressure fails to change the device's state, the pulse generation circuit still controls the on and off of external loads such as the solenoid valve, causing the counter to produce invalid counts. Adding P1 solves this problem.
[0039] U1 is also connected to the electrical isolation module. Figure 2Components R6, IC1, and IC2 form an electrical isolation module. R6 acts as a current-limiting resistor and is connected to pin 3 of U1 to prevent damage to IC1 and IC2 due to excessive current. IC1 and IC2 are composed of a primary and a secondary. The primary is a bidirectional light-emitting diode (LED), and the secondary is a phototransistor. When a certain current flows through the primary, the LED emits light, which is sensed by the secondary phototransistor, causing the collector and emitter of the secondary photodiode to conduct. This voltage drop is approximately 0.2V, equivalent to an on-switch. When no current flows through the primary, the secondary phototransistor cannot conduct, equivalent to an off-switch. Because they are encapsulated in a piece of black resin and separated by air, they effectively prevent high voltage from the secondary from transmitting to the primary and damaging U1. Compared to relays, which also provide electrical isolation, this module offers advantages such as simple structure, compact size, low operating voltage, low cost, long life, fatigue resistance, wide application range, and mature technology.
[0040] Figure 2 The middle device X2 is an onboard plug-in connector. In this embodiment, X2 adopts an XH2.54-8P connector, which is a connection interface for an external action device. It is easy to connect and has an anti-wrong insertion design to prevent line connection errors.
[0041] Figure 2 The middle device CNTR is an onboard counter with memory function. In this embodiment, the H7EX-N small counter is used. Pins 1 and 2 are power pins, which are not only used to supply power when the counter is working, but also used to charge the internal power supply battery. Therefore, this counter has a power-off memory function. After all, data loss may occur due to abnormal power supply of the external circuit. Pins 5 and 6 are connected to the secondary of IC2. Whenever U1 outputs a pulse, the secondary of IC2 is connected, and the counter count value is increased by one. The number of long-life operations of the test device can be read through the LCD display on the counter.
[0042] The device has a simple structure, uses components with mature technology, has a small number of low-priced components, is easy to observe, is compact and easy to carry, and has only two external interfaces, which greatly reduces the complexity of line connections and reduces usage and maintenance costs.
[0043] Example 3
[0044] The utility model also discloses a working process of a pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment:
[0045] Connect the device under test to the onboard plug-in connector X2 and set R2 = R3 in the DC / DC converter to convert 110V DC to 5V DC to power the counting device. By adjusting the resistance of the external resistor and inserting the potentiometer pins into the pin header on the circuit board, the output pulse period and, therefore, the frequency of the pulses can be adjusted.
[0046] When the external pressure (i.e., the gas pressure provided externally) can change the state of the device under test, the pulse generator U1 controls the on and off of external solenoid valves and other components. Every time U1 outputs a pulse, the secondary of IC2 is connected, and the counter CNTR count value increases by one. The number of long-life operations of the test device can be read through the LCD screen on the counter; when the external pressure cannot change the state of the device under test, the power supply of U1 is cut off through the external input signal P1, so that the pulse generating circuit cannot control the on and off of external solenoid valves and other loads, thereby solving the problem of invalid counting of the counter.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment, characterized in that: It includes a pulse generator U1, which is externally connected to a pulse control switch P1, a pulse regulation circuit, a device under test and a counter. The pulse generator U1 controls the on and off of the device under test based on the pulse signal, and uses the counter to record the number of actions; the pulse control switch P1 is used to control the on and off of the power supply of U1, and the pulse regulation circuit is used to adjust the output pulse frequency of U1.
2. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse generator U1 adopts the NE555 time base chip, and the 4th pin of the chip is externally connected to the pulse control switch P1.
3. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulse regulation circuit includes an adjustable resistor R4, a resistor R5, and a capacitor C3 connected in series. Pins 4 and 8 of the chip are connected to one end of the adjustable resistor R4, and pin 7 of the chip is connected to the other end of the adjustable resistor R4; pins 2 and 6 of the chip are connected to the positive electrode of capacitor C3; the output pulse frequency f of pin 3 of U1 can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor R4, which is expressed as:
4. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The device also includes an electrical isolation module, including isolators IC1 and IC2. IC1 and IC2 include a primary and a secondary. The primary is a bidirectional light-emitting diode and the secondary is a phototransistor. When a certain current flows through the primary, the bidirectional light-emitting diode emits light, and the light is sensed by the secondary phototransistor, causing the collector and emitter of the secondary photodiode to be conductive. When no current flows through the primary, the secondary phototransistor cannot be conductive. The secondaries of IC1 and IC2 are respectively connected to the device under test and the counter.
5. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary side of the isolator IC1 is connected to the onboard plug connector X2, which serves as the connection interface for the external device under test.
6. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 5, characterized in that: X2 is an XH2.54-8P connector.
7. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The secondary side of the isolator IC2 is connected to pins 5 and 6 of the onboard counter CNTR with a memory function. CNTR is a small H7EX-N counter.
8. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical isolation module further includes a current limiting resistor R6 connected between pin 3 of U1 and IC1 to prevent IC1 and IC2 from being damaged due to excessive current.
9. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises a DC / DC converter for reducing the input voltage to supply power to the pulse generating circuit.
10. The pulse generating and counting device for long-life action experiment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The DC / DC converter adopts a non-isolated step-down circuit, including a diode D1, three resistors R1, R2, and R3, two capacitors C1 and C2, and Q1 and Q2 tubes. Among them, R1 serves as a bias resistor for Q1 tube, connected to the base and collector of Q1, so that Q1 tube operates in the amplification region; Q2 and R2, R3, and C2 form a comparison circuit. Q2 is a TL431 tube. R2 and R3 form an output voltage divider circuit. The divided voltage signal is connected to the reference terminal of Q2 for comparison. The cathode of Q2 is connected to the base pin of Q1. The position of the operating point of Q1 in the amplification region is adjusted according to the comparison result. Q2 plays a negative feedback role on Q1. The output voltage of the DC / DC converter is