Solar photo-thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar photo-thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device which comprises an evaporation box, a glass cover plate arranged on the top surface of the evaporation box, and a seawater communication box transversely penetrating through the evaporation box, the seawater communication box divides the interior of the evaporation box into an evaporation cavity and a water storage cavity, and a heat insulation layer covers the inner bottom of the evaporation cavity. The heat insulation layer is covered with a photo-thermal conversion layer, the photo-thermal conversion layer is provided with a plurality of water absorption ropes extending into the seawater communication box, a water absorption block is slidably arranged in the evaporation cavity through a transverse guide rail, the water absorption block makes contact with the lower surface of the glass cover plate, and a water collection piece communicated with the water storage cavity is arranged on the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity. The driving mechanism is used for driving the water absorption block to reciprocate along the lower surface of the glass cover plate and to be in contact extrusion with the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity. According to the distillation device, condensed water drops on the glass cover plate can be cleaned in time, fresh water collection is completed, the sunlight heat dissipation phenomenon caused by the water drops is reduced, the light transmitting effect of the glass cover plate is ensured, and therefore the desalination efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, solar-driven seawater evaporation technology based on photothermal conversion materials has become a promising trend for obtaining clean water in the future because it can obtain clean water at lower temperature and pressure conditions, which is far superior to the thermal distillation and reverse osmosis methods currently widely used in industry.

[0003] Solar-driven seawater evaporation technology has two key elements. One is the choice of photothermal conversion medium, which requires a material with sufficiently high absorption across the solar spectrum (wavelength 300nm-2500nm). Currently available photothermal conversion materials include precious metal nanocrystals with strong localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, semiconductor oxides with high abundance and good stability, and some composite fiber materials, which generally meet current photothermal conversion requirements. The other key element is the distillation device. A suitable distillation device can effectively improve solar energy utilization, as well as the efficiency and purity of freshwater collection.

[0004] However, there is currently little research and optimization on solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation devices. The Chinese patent document with publication number CN212198580U discloses a stepped distiller for solar thermal evaporation seawater desalination, which is provided with a stepped overflow trough in the distiller, and a condensation chamber is provided below the stepped overflow trough. The photothermal conversion material is heated by light in the stepped overflow trough to evaporate the seawater, and the steam is condensed and collected in the inclined glass cover and the condensation chamber to obtain fresh water. At the same time, the condensation latent heat in the condensation chamber is recycled and utilized to heat the seawater in the stepped overflow trough, thereby increasing the efficiency of solar desalination and improving the utilization rate of solar energy. The Chinese patent document with publication number CN216106101U discloses a portable solar thermal evaporation seawater desalination distiller, which also adopts a similar principle and structure. However, these distiller have the following problems when in use: after the photothermal conversion material converts seawater into steam and rises to contact the top glass cover, it will be cooled to form water droplets and flow down the glass. The attachment of water droplets and water flow will affect the light transmission effect of the glass, causing the sunlight to be scattered. In this way, the photothermal conversion material cannot receive sufficient exposure, which ultimately affects the desalination efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device to solve the problem that the glass cover of the existing distillation device is easily disturbed by water droplets and water flow during operation, thereby affecting the desalination efficiency.

[0006] The utility model achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A solar photothermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device, the device comprising an evaporation box, the top surface of the evaporation box being provided with a glass cover plate, the device further comprising a seawater connecting box arranged transversely through the evaporation box, the seawater connecting box dividing the interior of the evaporation box into an upper evaporation chamber and a lower water storage chamber, the inner bottom of the evaporation chamber being covered with a thermal insulation layer, the thermal insulation layer being covered with a photothermal conversion layer, the photothermal conversion layer being provided with a plurality of water absorption ropes extending downwardly and passing through the thermal insulation layer and the top wall of the seawater connecting box and then extending into the interior of the seawater connecting box, a water absorption block being provided in the evaporation chamber via a transverse guide rail for sliding movement, the water absorption block being in contact with the lower surface of the glass cover plate, and a water collecting member being provided on the inner side wall of the evaporation chamber and communicating with the water storage chamber;

[0008] The device also includes a driving mechanism, which is used to drive the water absorbing block to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate and to contact and press against the inner side wall of the evaporation chamber.

[0009] A further improvement is that a counterweight is provided at the bottom of the evaporation box, a floating plate is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the evaporation box, the floating plate is located above the seawater connecting box, and both ends of the seawater connecting box are open.

[0010] A further improvement is that the water absorbing block is composed of a hard plate in the middle and sponges connected to both sides of the hard plate.

[0011] A further improvement is that the water collecting part includes a water collecting trough and a connecting pipe connected to the bottom of the water collecting trough, the water collecting trough is located below the contact and extrusion position between the water absorption block and the inner side wall of the evaporation chamber, and the connecting pipe passes downward through the seawater connecting box and extends into the water storage chamber.

[0012] A further improvement is that the driving mechanism includes a screw rod arranged parallel to the transverse guide rail, and a motor arranged at one end of the screw rod, and the screw rod is threadedly engaged with the water absorbing block.

[0013] A further improvement is that the device also includes a battery for powering the motor and a photovoltaic panel assembly for charging the battery.

[0014] A further improvement is that the transverse guide rail is a hollow tube structure, and a movable plug with a magnetic plate is movably provided in the transverse guide rail, and the water absorbing block is provided with a magnetic ring that is magnetically attracted to the movable plug. One end of the transverse guide rail is connected to the external environment, and the other end is connected to a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the water absorbing block to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate and contact and squeeze with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber by blowing or sucking air into the transverse guide rail.

[0015] A further improvement is that the driving mechanism includes a thermal power cylinder, a transmission cylinder and a ventilation cylinder;

[0016] Part of the thermal cylinder is embedded in the evaporation chamber, and part of the cylinder is located in the external environment. A first piston disc is provided in the thermal cylinder, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wall of the thermal cylinder. A closed ring for sealing the air inlet and the air outlet is slidably provided on the inner wall of the thermal cylinder. The closed ring is located on the side of the first piston disc facing the evaporation chamber. A collar is provided on the inner side of the closed ring through a connecting rod. A pull rod is provided on the first piston disc to slide through the collar.

[0017] A second piston disc is provided in the transmission cylinder, and a support spring is connected to the second piston disc. One end of the transmission cylinder is connected to the transverse guide rail through a pipe, and the other end is connected to the cavity in the thermal power cylinder located on the side of the first piston disc away from the evaporation chamber through a pipe;

[0018] A third piston disc is provided in the ventilation cylinder, and a one-way valve A is provided on the third piston disc. One end of the ventilation cylinder is connected to the air inlet of the thermal power cylinder through a pipe, and a one-way valve B is provided on the connecting pipe. The other end of the ventilation cylinder is open, and the third piston disc is connected to a linkage rod extending through the opening and connected to the surface of the first piston disc away from the evaporation chamber.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0020] (1) The distillation device can clean the condensed water droplets on the glass cover plate in time and complete the collection of fresh water, reduce the solar heat dissipation phenomenon caused by the water droplets, ensure the light transmittance of the glass cover plate, and thus improve the desalination efficiency.

[0021] (2) In the preferred embodiment, an automated driving mechanism is also used, which can drive the water absorbing block to move back and forth without electric drive, completing the water droplet cleaning and fresh water collection work, thereby enabling the device to work stably on the sea surface for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of the distillation apparatus of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the driving mechanism in Example 1 of the distillation apparatus of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of the distillation apparatus of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the water absorbing block in Example 2 of the distillation apparatus of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the driving mechanism in Example 2 of the distillation apparatus of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. Evaporation box; 2. Glass cover plate; 3. Seawater connecting box; 4. Evaporation chamber; 5. Water storage chamber; 6. Thermal insulation layer; 7. Photothermal conversion layer; 8. Water absorption rope; 9. Horizontal guide rail; 10. Water absorption block; 11. Water collecting part; 12. Counterweight block; 13. Floating plate; 14. Screw; 15. Motor; 16. Battery; 17. Photovoltaic panel assembly; 18. Moving plug; 19. Thermal power cylinder; 20. Transmission cylinder; 21. Ventilation cylinder; 22. First piston disc; 23. Closed ring; 24. Ring; 25. Pull rod; 26. Second piston disc; 27. Support spring; 28. Third piston disc; 29. ​​One-way valve A; 30. One-way valve B; 31. Linkage rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device includes an evaporation box 1, the top surface of the evaporation box 1 is set as a glass cover plate 2, the device also includes a seawater connecting box 3 arranged horizontally through the evaporation box 1, the seawater connecting box 3 divides the interior of the evaporation box 1 into an evaporation chamber 4 at the top and a water storage chamber 5 at the bottom, the bottom of the evaporation chamber 4 is covered with a heat insulation layer 6, the heat insulation layer 6 can be made of vacuum insulation board, aerogel felt and other materials, and the thermal conductivity is required to be ≤0.1W / (m·K), the heat insulation layer 6 is covered with a photothermal conversion layer 7, the photothermal conversion layer 7 ... The heat conversion layer 7 can be made of a metal oxide layer, or a black fiber cloth layer or a carbon-based material deposited cloth layer in the prior art. The light-to-heat conversion layer 7 is provided with a plurality of water-absorbing ropes 8 extending downward and passing through the insulation layer 6 and the top wall of the seawater connecting box 3 and then extending into the interior of the seawater connecting box 3. The water-absorbing ropes 8 are made of cotton ropes and can stably penetrate and absorb water. A water-absorbing block 10 is provided in the evaporation chamber 4 by sliding on a transverse guide rail 9. The water-absorbing block 10 contacts the lower surface of the glass cover plate 2. The inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4 is provided with a water collecting member 11 connected to the water storage chamber 5.

[0031] The device further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the water absorbing block 10 to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate 2 and to contact and press against the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4 .

[0032] The working principle of the evaporation device is as follows: the evaporation box 1 is placed at sea level and seawater is allowed to flow into the seawater connecting box 3. The seawater is adsorbed into the photothermal conversion layer 7 by the water absorption rope 8 and dispersed. The sunlight passes through the glass cover plate 2 and irradiates the photothermal conversion layer 7. The photothermal conversion layer 7 converts the light energy into heat energy and heats the seawater to evaporate. The evaporated steam condenses on the glass cover plate 2 to form water droplets and adhere to the lower surface of the glass cover plate 2. The water absorption block 10 is driven by the driving mechanism to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate 2 and contact and squeeze the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4. The water absorption block 10 absorbs the water droplets during the reciprocating movement, and when contacting and squeezing the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4, the absorbed water is squeezed out and collected by the water collecting component 11. The water collecting component 11 guides the collected fresh water into the water storage chamber 5 for storage.

[0033] In this embodiment, a counterweight 12 is installed at the bottom of the evaporation tank 1, and a floating plate 13 is provided on the outer periphery of the evaporation tank 1. The floating plate 13 is located above the seawater connection tank 3, and both ends of the seawater connection tank 3 are open. The floating plate 13 has a sufficient expansion area. When the evaporation device is placed at sea level, the counterweight 12 ensures that the lower portion of the evaporation tank 1 and the seawater connection tank 3 are completely immersed in seawater. The weight of the counterweight 12 is adjusted so that the bottom surface of the floating plate 13 is in contact with the sea surface when the device is not collecting fresh water. This improves the device's wind resistance and stability, and the floating plate 13 can still provide sufficient buoyancy after collecting fresh water.

[0034] In this embodiment, the water-absorbing block 10 is composed of a hard plate in the middle and a sponge connected to both sides of the hard plate (such as plastic). The sponge has high adsorption and water-locking properties, and can prevent water droplets from falling during the reciprocating movement. When the water-absorbing block 10 contacts and squeezes the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4 on either side, it can squeeze the sponge through the hard plate in the middle and squeeze out the absorbed water.

[0035] In this embodiment, the water collecting member 11 can be arranged on both sides or one side of the evaporation chamber 4. The water collecting member 11 includes a water collecting trough and a connecting pipe connected to the bottom of the water collecting trough. The water collecting trough is located below the contact and extrusion position between the water absorption block 10 and the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4. The length of the water collecting trough is consistent with the length of the water absorption block 10, and both ends extend to the edge of the glass cover plate 2 to ensure that all the flowing fresh water is collected. The connecting pipe passes downward through the seawater connecting box 3 and extends into the water storage chamber 5. The fresh water flows into the water storage chamber 5 through the connecting pipe for storage.

[0036] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism includes a screw 14 arranged parallel to the transverse guide rail 9, and a motor 15 disposed at one end of the screw 14. The screw 14 is threadedly engaged with the water absorbent block 10. The forward and reverse rotation of the motor 15 drives the screw 14, which in turn drives the reciprocating movement of the water absorbent block 10. By controlling the rotation time of the motor 15, the movement of the water absorbent block 10 can be controlled to ensure that the water absorbent block 10 is in compression contact with the inner walls of the evaporation chamber 4. The duty cycle of the motor 15 can also be controlled to ensure that the water absorbent block 10 reciprocates once at a set time interval.

[0037] In this embodiment, preferably, a battery 16 for powering the motor 15 and a photovoltaic panel assembly 17 for charging the battery 16 are also included. The specific implementation is based on existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Combine Figure 3-5 As shown, a solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device is different from Example 1 in that the driving mechanism is different. This embodiment adopts a pneumatic driving structure, and the corresponding transverse guide rail 9 is a hollow tube structure, and the tube wall material with a heat-insulating effect is preferably used. A movable plug 18 with a magnetic plate is movably provided in the transverse guide rail 9, and a magnetic ring that is magnetically attracted to the movable plug 18 is provided on the water absorption block 10. One end of the transverse guide rail 9 is connected to the external environment, and the other end is connected to the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the water absorption block 10 to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate 2 and contact and squeeze with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber 4 by blowing or sucking air into the transverse guide rail 9.

[0040] The driving mechanism includes a thermal power cylinder 19, a transmission cylinder 20 and a ventilation cylinder 21;

[0041] Part of the thermal cylinder 19 is embedded in the evaporation chamber 4, and part of the cylinder is located in the external environment. A first piston disc 22 is provided in the thermal cylinder 19, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wall of the thermal cylinder 19. A closed ring 23 for sealing the air inlet and the air outlet is slidably provided on the inner wall of the thermal cylinder 19. The closed ring 23 is located on the side of the first piston disc 22 facing the evaporation chamber 4. A collar 24 is provided on the inner side of the closed ring 23 through a connecting rod. A pull rod 25 is provided on the first piston disc 22 to slide through the collar 24, and an expanded end is provided at the end of the pull rod 25;

[0042] A second piston disc 26 is provided in the transmission cylinder 20, and a support spring 27 is connected to the second piston disc 26. One end of the transmission cylinder 20 is connected to the transverse guide rail 9 through a pipe, and the other end is connected to the cavity in the thermal power cylinder 19 located on the side of the first piston disc 22 away from the evaporation chamber 4 through a pipe;

[0043] A third piston disc 28 is provided in the ventilation cylinder 21, and a one-way valve A29 is provided on the third piston disc 28. One end of the ventilation cylinder 21 is connected to the air inlet of the thermal power cylinder 19 through a pipe, and a one-way valve B30 is provided on the connecting pipe. The other end of the ventilation cylinder 21 is open, and the third piston disc 28 is connected to a linkage rod 31 that extends through the opening and is connected to the surface of the first piston disc 22 away from the evaporation chamber 4.

[0044] The working principle of the driving mechanism is: Figure 5 Since the evaporation chamber 4 is a nearly sealed environment and a heat-insulating layer 6 is laid on the bottom, the overall temperature is significantly higher than the external environment due to the heat accumulation of the photothermal conversion layer 7. Therefore, the cylinder part of the thermal cylinder 19 embedded in the evaporation chamber 4 is heated. The air in the cylinder part expands due to the heat, pushing the first piston disc 22 to move away from the evaporation chamber 4 (to the left in the figure). During the movement of the first piston disc 22, on the one hand, the cavity air on the side of the thermal cylinder 19 away from the evaporation chamber 4 is squeezed into the transmission cylinder 20, so that the second piston disc 26 moves (downward in the figure), compressing the support spring 27 and blowing the gas at the lower part of the transmission cylinder 20 into the transverse guide rail 9, thereby pushing the movable plug 18 to move (rightward in the figure). At this time, the water absorption block 10 moves synchronously under the action of the magnetic force to complete the absorption and squeezing of water droplets; on the other hand, the third piston disc 28 is driven to move synchronously (leftward in the figure) through the linkage rod 31, the one-way valve A29 is opened and the one-way valve B30 is closed, and the outside cold air enters the interior of the ventilation cylinder 21 for temporary storage; when the first piston disc 22 brings the pull rod 25 and the sleeve After the ring 24 contacts, it will pull the collar 24, the connecting rod and the closed ring 23 to move, so that the closed ring 23 leaves the position of the air inlet and the air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are opened. At this time, under the rebound force of the support spring 27, the second piston disc 26 moves in the opposite direction (upward in the figure), the lower space of the transmission cylinder 20 increases, and the transverse guide rail 9 is sucked, so that the moving plug 18 moves in the opposite direction (to the left in the figure), and the water absorption block 10 moves synchronously under the action of the magnetic force until it is reset; the reverse movement of the second piston disc 26 will drive the first active The plug disc 22 moves in the opposite direction (rightward in the figure), expelling the high-temperature gas in the thermal cylinder 19 to the outside through the outlet. At the same time, the third piston disc 28 is driven in the opposite direction (rightward in the figure) by the linkage rod 31, closing the one-way valve A29 and opening the one-way valve B30. The cold air temporarily stored in the ventilation cylinder 21 enters the thermal cylinder 19, replacing the discharged high-temperature air, reducing the air temperature in the thermal cylinder 19. This is until the first piston disc 22 contacts the closed ring 23 and pushes it back to its original position, closing the air inlet and outlet. All components are then restored to their initial state, ready for the next reciprocating movement.

[0045] The greatest advantage of this embodiment is that the pneumatic drive structure utilizes the significantly higher temperature inside the evaporation chamber 4 than the ambient temperature as a power source, eliminating the need for electrical drive. This is an advantage not possessed by conventional power equipment such as air pumps. Of course, if power supply is readily available, the pneumatic drive structure can also use an air pump, etc.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device, comprising an evaporation box (1), the top surface of the evaporation box (1) being a glass cover plate (2), characterized in that: The device further comprises a seawater connecting box (3) which is arranged to pass through the evaporation box (1) transversely, the seawater connecting box (3) divides the interior of the evaporation box (1) into an upper evaporation chamber (4) and a lower water storage chamber (5), the inner bottom of the evaporation chamber (4) is covered with a heat insulation layer (6), the heat insulation layer (6) is covered with a photothermal conversion layer (7), the photothermal conversion layer (7) is provided with a plurality of water absorption ropes (8) which extend downward and pass through the heat insulation layer (6) and the top wall of the seawater connecting box (3) and then extend into the interior of the seawater connecting box (3), a water absorption block (10) is provided in the evaporation chamber (4) via a transverse guide rail (9), the water absorption block (10) is in contact with the lower surface of the glass cover plate (2), and the inner side wall of the evaporation chamber (4) is provided with a water collecting member (11) which is connected with the water storage chamber (5); The device also includes a driving mechanism, which is used to drive the water absorbing block (10) to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate (2) and to contact and squeeze the inner wall of the evaporation chamber (4).

2. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (12) is provided at the bottom of the evaporation box (1), and a floating plate (13) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the evaporation box (1). The floating plate (13) is located above the seawater connecting box (3), and both ends of the seawater connecting box (3) are open.

3. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water absorbing block (10) is composed of a hard plate in the middle and sponges connected to both sides of the hard plate.

4. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collecting member (11) comprises a water collecting trough and a connecting pipe connected to the bottom of the water collecting trough. The water collecting trough is located below the contact and extrusion position between the water absorbing block (10) and the inner wall of the evaporation chamber (4). The connecting pipe passes downward through the seawater connecting box (3) and extends into the water storage chamber (5).

5. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a screw rod (14) arranged parallel to the transverse guide rail (9), and a motor (15) arranged at one end of the screw rod (14); the screw rod (14) is threadedly engaged with the water absorbing block (10).

6. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The device further comprises a battery (16) for supplying power to the motor (15), and a photovoltaic panel assembly (17) for charging the battery (16).

7. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse guide rail (9) is a hollow tube structure, and a movable plug (18) with a magnetic plate is movably provided in the transverse guide rail (9). The water absorbing block (10) is provided with a magnetic ring that is magnetically attracted to the movable plug (18). One end of the transverse guide rail (9) is connected to the external environment, and the other end is connected to a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism drives the water absorbing block (10) to move back and forth along the lower surface of the glass cover plate (2) and to contact and squeeze with the inner wall of the evaporation chamber (4) by blowing or sucking air into the transverse guide rail (9).

8. The solar thermal conversion seawater desalination distillation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a thermal power cylinder (19), a transmission cylinder (20) and a ventilation cylinder (21); Part of the thermal cylinder (19) is embedded in the evaporation chamber (4), and part of the cylinder is located in the external environment. A first piston disc (22) is provided in the thermal cylinder (19), and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wall of the thermal cylinder (19). A closed ring (23) for sealing the air inlet and the air outlet is slidably provided on the inner wall of the thermal cylinder (19). The closed ring (23) is located on the side of the first piston disc (22) facing the evaporation chamber (4). A collar (24) is provided on the inner side of the closed ring (23) through a connecting rod. A pull rod (25) is provided on the first piston disc (22) to slide through the collar (24). A second piston disc (26) is provided in the transmission cylinder (20), and the second piston disc (26) is connected to a support spring (27). One end of the transmission cylinder (20) is connected to the transverse guide rail (9) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to a cavity in the thermal power cylinder (19) located on the side of the first piston disc (22) away from the evaporation chamber (4) through a pipeline. A third piston disc (28) is provided in the ventilation cylinder (21), and a one-way valve A (29) is provided on the third piston disc (28). One end of the ventilation cylinder (21) is connected to the air inlet of the thermal power cylinder (19) through a pipeline, and a one-way valve B (30) is provided on the connecting pipeline. The other end of the ventilation cylinder (21) is open, and the third piston disc (28) is connected to a linkage rod (31) extending through the open port and connected to the surface of the first piston disc (22) away from the evaporation chamber (4).

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