Millimeter wave ultra-bandwidth planar omnidirectional antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a millimeter wave ultra-bandwidth planar omnidirectional antenna. The antenna comprises a dielectric layer; the radiation layer is located on the first surface of the dielectric layer, the radiation layer is provided with a hexagonal radiation body and a microstrip feeder line, and the radiation body is provided with a cross-shaped gap; the radio frequency ground layer is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and the radio frequency ground layer is provided with a metal patch; the radiating body is composed of a first radiating body of a rectangular structure and two second radiating bodies of isosceles triangles, and the two second radiating bodies are symmetrically distributed up and down relative to the first radiating body; the device is simple in structure, has the advantage of ultra-bandwidth, and can efficiently transmit data information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna. Background Art

[0002] Millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional antennas have attracted widespread attention and in-depth research from scholars and engineers within the industry due to their advantages such as low cost, light weight, simple design, and ease of integration with other components. However, currently reported millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional antennas often suffer from insufficient bandwidth, making them incapable of high-speed data transmission, which greatly limits their use in modern wireless communication terminals. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to propose a millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna, which aims to solve the problem that existing millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional antennas often have insufficient bandwidth and cannot transmit data information at high speed.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna proposed in this application includes: a dielectric layer;

[0005] a radiation layer, the radiation layer being located on the first surface of the dielectric layer, the radiation layer being provided with a hexagonal radiator and a microstrip feeder, the radiator being provided with a cross slot;

[0006] a radio frequency stratum, the radio frequency stratum being located on the second surface of the dielectric layer and provided with a metal patch;

[0007] The radiator is configured to consist of a first radiator with a rectangular structure and two second radiators with isosceles triangle structures, wherein the two second radiators are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first radiator.

[0008] Optionally, the cross gap is a cross-shaped structure, and the cross gap is configured to be composed of two I-shaped gaps that cross and perpendicularly intersect each other, the arm lengths of the cross gaps are equal, the central intersection point of the cross gap coincides with the midpoint of the radiator, and one of the I-shaped gaps of the cross gap is perpendicular to the first side of the radiator.

[0009] Optionally, the microstrip feed line is located on one side of the radiator, the microstrip feed line is arranged perpendicular to the first side of the radiator, one end of the microstrip feed line is connected to the first side of the radiator, and the other end of the microstrip feed line is aligned with one side of the dielectric layer.

[0010] Optionally, the RF ground layer is a metal layer, the metal patch is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer close to the microstrip feeder, the metal patch is a rectangular structure with a concave side, and the other three sides of the metal patch except the concave side are aligned with the three corresponding sides of the dielectric layer.

[0011] Optionally, the metal patch includes a rectangular first metal patch and two rectangular second metal patches, and the two second metal patches are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first metal patch.

[0012] Optionally, the metal layer is copper-plated and has a thickness of 0.035 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is 3.38, the dielectric loss is 0.0022, and the thickness is 0.2 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the radiator, microstrip feed line, cross slot and metal patch are all symmetrically arranged about the center line of the medium.

[0015] Optionally, the dielectric layer is a circuit board, and the microstrip feed line is a microstrip feed line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

[0016] The technical solution of the present application is to arrange a radiator and a microstrip feeder in the radiation layer, arrange a cross gap at the center of the radiator, and arrange a metal patch in the radio frequency formation; the antenna radiation performance is determined by the size parameters of the radiator, and the antenna bandwidth and reflection coefficient are jointly determined by the size parameters of the metal patch and the size parameters of the radiator; the device has a simple structure, has the advantage of ultra-bandwidth, and can efficiently transmit data information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is one of the front structural schematic diagrams of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is one of the rear-view structural diagrams of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application;

[0021] Figure 4This is the second front view structural diagram of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the second rear-view structural diagram of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 The reflection coefficient of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application varies with the parameter L GM Schematic diagram of the changes in

[0024] Figure 7 The reflection coefficient of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application varies with the parameter W GM Schematic diagram of the changes in

[0025] Figure 8 The reflection coefficient of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application varies with the parameter H T Schematic diagram of the changes in

[0026] Figure 9 The reflection coefficient of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application varies with the parameter L S Schematic diagram of the changes in

[0027] Figure 10 The reflection coefficient of the millimeter wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application varies with the parameter W S Schematic diagram of the changes in

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient simulation results of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the maximum gain and radiation efficiency simulation results of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna in this application;

[0030] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application at 11.0 GHz;

[0031] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application at 20.0 GHz;

[0032] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna of this application at 29.0 GHz.

[0033] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0034] 1. Radiating layer; 11. Radiator; 111. First radiator; 112. Second radiator; 113. Cross gap; 114. First side; 12. Microstrip feeder; 2. Dielectric layer; 3. RF ground layer; 31. Metal patch; 311. First metal patch; 312. Second metal patch.

[0035] The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed on” or “set on” another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being “connected to” another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0039] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text is to include three parallel schemes, taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0040] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application without affecting the efficacy and purpose that can be achieved by this application.

[0041] Millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional antennas have attracted widespread attention and in-depth research from scholars and engineers within the industry due to their advantages such as low cost, light weight, simple design, and ease of integration with other components. However, currently reported millimeter-wave planar omnidirectional antennas often suffer from insufficient bandwidth, making them incapable of high-speed data transmission, which greatly limits their use in modern wireless communication terminals.

[0042] In view of this, the present application proposes a millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna, comprising:

[0043] dielectric layer 2;

[0044] A radiation layer 1, the radiation layer 1 being located on the first surface of the dielectric layer 2, the radiation layer 1 being provided with a hexagonal radiator 11 and a microstrip feed line 12, and a cross slot 113 being provided on the radiator 11;

[0045] The radio frequency layer 3 is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer 2 and is provided with a metal patch 31 .

[0046] In the examples of this application, refer to Figures 1 to 5 The above-mentioned millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna includes: a dielectric layer 2, which is a circuit board; a radiation layer 1, located on the first surface of the dielectric layer 2, provided with a radiator 11 and a microstrip feed line 12, the radiator 11 having a cross slot 113, and the microstrip feed line 12 having a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms; and a radio frequency ground layer 3, located on the second surface of the dielectric layer 2, provided with a metal patch 31.

[0047] refer to Figure 1 The first surface and the second surface of the dielectric layer 2 are respectively the front and back surfaces of the dielectric layer 2 .

[0048] refer to Figure 2 The radiator 11 has a hexagonal structure and is specifically composed of a first radiator 111 of a rectangular structure and two second radiators 112 of isosceles triangles, wherein the two second radiators 112 are symmetrically distributed about the first radiator 111.

[0049] refer to Figure 2The cross slot 113 is a cross-shaped structure, specifically composed of two straight-line slots that cross and perpendicularly intersect each other, and the arm lengths of the cross slots 113 are equal, that is, the distances from the central intersection point of the cross slot 113 to the four outer endpoints are equal, the central intersection point of the cross slot 113 coincides with the midpoint of the radiator 11, and one of the straight-line slots of the cross slot 113 is perpendicular to the first side 114 of the radiator 11.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 The microstrip feed line 12 is located on one side of the radiator 11, and is perpendicular to the first side 114 of the radiator 11. One end of the microstrip feed line 12 is connected to the first side 114 of the radiator 11, and the other end of the microstrip feed line 12 is aligned with one side of the dielectric layer 2.

[0051] refer to Figure 3 The RF layer 3 is a metal layer, and the metal patch 31 is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer 2 close to the microstrip feed line 12. The metal patch 31 is a rectangular structure with a concave side. Except for the concave side, the other three sides of the metal patch 31 are aligned with the three corresponding sides of the dielectric layer 2. The metal patch 31 includes a rectangular first metal patch 311 and two rectangular second metal patches 312. The two rectangular second metal patches 312 are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the first metal patch 311, thereby forming a rectangular metal patch 31 with a concave side.

[0052] It should be noted that the radiator 11, microstrip feed line 12, cross slot 113 and metal patch 31 are all symmetrically arranged up and down about the horizontal center line of the dielectric layer 2; the antenna radiation performance is determined by the size parameters of the radiator 11, and the antenna bandwidth and reflection coefficient are jointly determined by the size parameters of the metal patch 31 and the size parameters of the radiator 11.

[0053] To further illustrate the structure of the invention, a design example is provided. In this design example, the dielectric layer has a dielectric constant of 3.38, a dielectric loss of 0.0022, and a thickness of 0.2 mm; the metal layer is copper-plated and has a thickness of 0.035 mm.

[0054] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The front and back of the design example are shown in the figure, where the length of the dielectric layer 2 is L A , the width of dielectric layer 2 is W A , the length of the first metal patch 311 is L GM , the length of the second metal patch 312 is L GUD , the width of the first metal patch 311 is W GM The length of the first radiator 111 or the length of the base of the isosceles triangle second radiator 112 is LP , the height of the first radiator 111 is H P The height of the second radiator 112 of the isosceles triangle is H T , the arm length of the cross gap 113 is L S , the arm width of the cross gap 113 is W S , the length of the microstrip feed line 12 is L F , the width of the microstrip feed line 12 is W F .

[0055] like Figures 6-10 , given the size parameter L GM 、W GM 、H T , L S and W S The impact on the antenna reflection coefficient is as follows:

[0056] refer to Figure 6 , with the parameter L GM As the value of becomes larger, the bandwidth of the antenna becomes narrower, and within the antenna passband, the reflection coefficient of the antenna first becomes better and then worse.

[0057] refer to Figure 7 , with the parameter W GM As the value of becomes larger, the bandwidth of the antenna becomes narrower, and within the antenna passband, the reflection coefficient of the antenna becomes better.

[0058] refer to Figure 8 , with the parameter H T As the antenna's bandwidth becomes wider, the antenna's reflection coefficient becomes better within the antenna's passband.

[0059] refer to Figure 9 , with the parameter L S As the value of the antenna increases, the bandwidth of the antenna remains unchanged and then becomes narrower, and within the antenna passband, the reflection coefficient of the antenna becomes worse.

[0060] refer to Figure 10 , with the parameter W S As the value of increases, the bandwidth of the antenna becomes slightly wider, and within the antenna passband, the reflection coefficient of the antenna first becomes slightly better and then remains unchanged.

[0061] By optimizing its parameters, we can get a design example: L A =11.5mm, W A =11.0mm, L GM =3.7mm, W GM =9.0mm, L GUD =4.3mm, L P =7.0mm, H P =5.0mm, H T =2.0mm, L S=2.0mm, W S =0.1mm, L F =4.0mm, W F =0.4mm.

[0062] refer to Figure 11 The reflection coefficient of the planar millimeter-wave antenna after parameter optimization is shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, the bandwidth range of the reflection coefficient less than -10dB is 9.4 to 29.4GHz, the center frequency is 19.4GHz, the absolute bandwidth is 20GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 103.1%, showing the characteristics of ultra-wideband. In the passband, there are two transmission poles, located at 14.6GHz and 24.7GHz respectively, which ensure the maximum gain and flatness of radiation efficiency in the passband.

[0063] refer to Figure 12 The figure shows the simulation results of the antenna's maximum gain and radiation efficiency. It can be seen from the figure that within the passband, its average maximum gain is 4.16dBi, showing the advantage of high maximum gain; within the passband, its average radiation efficiency is 97%, showing the advantage of high radiation efficiency.

[0064] refer to Figure 13-15 , is the radiation pattern of the antenna at 11.0GHz, 20.0GHz and 29GHz, Figure 13-15 It can be seen that the antenna is an omnidirectional antenna.

[0065] The technical solution of the present application is to arrange a radiator and a microstrip feeder in the radiation layer, arrange a cross gap at the center of the radiator, and arrange a metal patch in the radio frequency formation; the antenna radiation performance is determined by the size parameters of the radiator, and the antenna bandwidth and reflection coefficient are jointly determined by the size parameters of the metal patch and the size parameters of the radiator; the device has a simple structure, has the advantage of ultra-bandwidth, and can efficiently transmit data information.

[0066] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present application and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present application, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna, characterized in that: include: dielectric layer; a radiation layer, the radiation layer being located on the first surface of the dielectric layer, the radiation layer being provided with a hexagonal radiator and a microstrip feeder, the radiator being provided with a cross slot; A radio frequency layer, the radio frequency layer is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer, and the radio frequency layer is provided with a metal patch, The radiator is configured to consist of a first radiator with a rectangular structure and two second radiators with isosceles triangle structures, wherein the two second radiators are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first radiator.

2. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The cross slot is a cross-shaped structure, and the cross slot is configured to be composed of two straight-line slots that cross and perpendicularly intersect each other. The arm lengths of the cross slots are equal, the central intersection point of the cross slot coincides with the midpoint of the radiator, and one of the straight-line slots of the cross slot is perpendicular to the first side of the radiator.

3. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The microstrip feed line is located on one side of the radiator, the microstrip feed line is arranged perpendicular to the first side of the radiator, one end of the microstrip feed line is connected to the first side of the radiator, and the other end of the microstrip feed line is aligned with one side of the dielectric layer.

4. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The RF ground layer is a metal layer, and the metal patch is located on the second surface of the dielectric layer close to the microstrip feeder. The metal patch is a rectangular structure with a concave side. Except for the concave side, the other three sides of the metal patch are aligned with the three corresponding sides of the dielectric layer.

5. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The metal patch includes a rectangular first metal patch and two rectangular second metal patches, and the two second metal patches are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first metal patch.

6. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 4, wherein: The metal layer is copper-plated and has a thickness of 0.035 mm.

7. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The dielectric layer has a dielectric constant of 3.38, a dielectric loss of 0.0022, and a thickness of 0.2 mm.

8. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The radiator, microstrip feed line, cross slot and metal patch are all symmetrically arranged about the center line of the medium.

9. The millimeter-wave ultra-wideband planar omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The dielectric layer is a circuit board, and the microstrip feed line is a microstrip feed line with a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms.

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