Ecological filter bed system for coal transportation expressway

Abstract

The utility model provides an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway, and belongs to the technical field of highway engineering. The ecological filter bed system comprises a first side ditch, a second side ditch, a first-stage sedimentation tank, a second-stage sedimentation tank, a third-stage sedimentation tank, a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer, drainage water in a road surface and a tunnel hole is guided into the first-stage sedimentation tank by the first side ditch, drainage water in a side slope is guided into the second-stage sedimentation tank by the second side ditch, and drainage water in the third-stage sedimentation tank is guided into the second-stage sedimentation tank by the second side ditch. The first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage sedimentation tank and the third-stage sedimentation tank are sequentially connected, the first filtering medium layer is arranged in the first-stage sedimentation tank and used for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second filtering medium layer is arranged in the second-stage sedimentation tank and used for removing sulfur elements and nitrogen elements in the water. The device has the function of purifying the water quality of a coal transportation route, and the influence of scattered coal ash on the environment in the coal transportation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of highway engineering, in particular to an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway. Background Art

[0002] As one of my country's primary energy sources, coal plays a crucial role in the country's development. Coal transportation is also a crucial component of the transportation industry. During coal transportation, coal ash falls from vehicles, polluting local water quality. In light of this, this application provides an ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes an ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways.

[0004] The technical solution of the present utility model is achieved as follows:

[0005] An ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway includes a first side ditch, a second side ditch, a primary sedimentation tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, a tertiary sedimentation tank, a first filter medium layer, and a second filter medium layer. The first side ditch directs drainage from the road surface and tunnel to the primary sedimentation tank, and the second side ditch directs drainage from the slope to the secondary sedimentation tank. The primary sedimentation tank, the secondary sedimentation tank, and the tertiary sedimentation tank are connected in sequence. The first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second filter medium layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank for removing sulfur and nitrogen from water.

[0006] Furthermore, the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank, as well as the secondary sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank are connected through first drain outlets, and the two first drain outlets are respectively arranged at the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank and the secondary sedimentation tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the primary sedimentation tank includes a first tank body part and a second tank body part, the first side ditch is connected to the first tank body part, the second tank body part is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank, the first tank body part and the second tank body part are connected through a second drain outlet, the second drain outlet is arranged at the bottom of the side of the tank body part, and the first filter medium layer is arranged in the first tank body part.

[0008] Furthermore, the first filter medium layer includes a gravel filter layer, a gangue filter layer, a coal slag filter layer and a river sand filter layer distributed in sequence from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, the gravel particle size in the gravel filter layer is -cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the second filter medium layer includes an activated carbon filter layer and an activated alumina filter layer distributed up and down.

[0011] Furthermore, alum is added into the secondary sedimentation tank.

[0012] Furthermore, a composite microbial flora is added into the secondary sedimentation tank, and the composite microbial flora includes Thiobacillus, Denitrifying Thiobacillus, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the tertiary sedimentation tank is connected to a third drain outlet, and the third drain outlet is connected to a drainage ditch.

[0014] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Through the three-stage filtration of the primary sedimentation tank, the secondary sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank, and through the joint action of the first filter medium layer, the second filter medium layer and the microbial flora, the water quality can be efficiently filtered and the sulfur and nitrogen elements in the water can be removed to achieve water purification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is the overall schematic diagram of the utility model coal transportation highway ecological filter bed system;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the primary sedimentation tank of the utility model.

[0018] In the figure: 1. First side ditch; 2. Second side ditch; 3. Primary sedimentation tank; 3.1. First tank body; 3.2. Second tank body; 4. Secondary sedimentation tank; 5. Tertiary sedimentation tank; 6. First drainage outlet; 7. Second drainage outlet; 8. Gravel filter layer; 9. Gangue filter layer; 10. Coal slag filter layer; 11. River sand filter layer; 12. Activated carbon filter layer; 13. Activated alumina filter layer; 14. Reservoir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological filter bed system for a coal transportation highway, including a first side ditch 1, a second side ditch 2, a primary sedimentation tank 3, a secondary sedimentation tank 4, a tertiary sedimentation tank 5, a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer. The first side ditch 1 directs drainage from the road surface and the tunnel to the primary sedimentation tank 3, and the second side ditch 2 directs drainage from the slope to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. The primary sedimentation tank 3, the secondary sedimentation tank 4 and the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 are connected in sequence. The first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank 3 to filter suspended particles in the water, and the second filter medium layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank 4 to remove sulfur and nitrogen elements in the water.

[0021] The top of the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 is connected to a third drain outlet, which is in turn connected to a drainage ditch, which is then connected to a reservoir 14. After passing through the primary and secondary sedimentation tanks 3 and 4, water enters the tertiary sedimentation tank 5. After further sedimentation in the tertiary sedimentation tank 5, it is discharged into the reservoir 14 through the third drain outlet and drainage ditch. Drainage from the road surface and tunnel is directed to the primary sedimentation tank 3 via the first side ditch 1. Water in the primary sedimentation tank 3 is filtered through the first filter medium layer and then sequentially passes through the secondary and tertiary sedimentation tanks 4 and 5. The second side ditch 2 directs slope drainage to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. Water in the secondary sedimentation tank 4 is purified by the second filter medium layer, then precipitated in the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 before being discharged into the reservoir 14.

[0022] Among them, the primary sedimentation tank 3 and the secondary sedimentation tank 4, as well as the secondary sedimentation tank 4 and the tertiary sedimentation tank 5 are connected through the first drainage outlet 6, and the two first drainage outlets 6 are respectively arranged at the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank 3 and the secondary sedimentation tank 4.

[0023] The primary sedimentation tank 3 includes a first tank body portion 3.1 and a second tank body portion 3.2. A first side ditch 1 connects to the first tank body portion 3.1, and the second tank body portion 3.2 connects to the secondary sedimentation tank 4. The first tank body portion 3.1 and the second tank body portion 3.2 are connected via a second drain outlet 7, which is located at the bottom of the side of the tank body portion. A first filter medium layer is disposed within the first tank body portion 3.1. The first side ditch 1 directs drainage from the road surface and tunnel into the first tank body portion 3.1. After being filtered through the first filter medium layer within the first tank body portion 3.1, the water enters the second tank body portion 3.2 through the second drain outlet 7. From the second tank body portion 3.2, it enters the secondary sedimentation tank 4 through the first drain outlet 6. The first tank body portion 3.1 is configured with water flowing in from the top and out from the bottom, allowing water to effectively pass through the first filter medium layer, improving water filtration.

[0024] The first filter media layer consists of a gravel filter layer 8, a gangue filter layer 9, a coal slag filter layer 10, and a river sand filter layer 11, arranged in descending order. The gravel in the gravel filter layer 8 has a particle size of 3-10 cm and primarily filters large suspended particles from the water. The gangue filter layer 9 and the coal slag filter layer 10 have excellent adsorption capacity, effectively filtering suspended particles such as coal ash and coal dust from the water. Together, the river sand filter layer 11 forms a four-stage filtration system, effectively purifying the water.

[0025] The second filter medium layer includes an activated carbon filter layer 12 and an activated alumina filter layer 13, arranged vertically. The activated carbon filter layer 12 has excellent adsorption properties, effectively absorbing suspended matter and free ions in the water. The activated alumina filter layer 13 effectively absorbs sulfate ions, removing sulfur from the water.

[0026] A composite microbial consortium is added to the secondary sedimentation tank 4, comprising Thiobacillus, Thiobacillus denitrificans, nitrifying bacteria, and denitrifying bacteria. Thiobacillus can oxidize sulfide into elemental sulfur or sulfate, or oxidize thiosulfate into sulfate. Under aerobic conditions, Thiobacillus denitrificans exhibit aerobic properties, using oxygen as an electron acceptor to oxidize sulfur compounds for energy. Under anaerobic conditions, they simultaneously cycle sulfur and nitrogen through denitrification, utilizing oxygen from nitrates to oxidize sulfur compounds. Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, through their nitrification and denitrification processes, convert various nitrogen-containing compounds in the water into molecular nitrogen. Activated alumina removes elemental sulfur.

[0027] Alum is added to the secondary sedimentation tank 4, which has the effect of accelerating the sedimentation of suspended particles in the water after dissolving in water.

[0028] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highways, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first side ditch (1), a second side ditch (2), a primary sedimentation tank (3), a secondary sedimentation tank (4), a tertiary sedimentation tank (5), a first filter medium layer and a second filter medium layer, wherein the first side ditch (1) guides drainage from the road surface and the tunnel hole to the primary sedimentation tank (3), and the second side ditch (2) guides drainage from the slope to the secondary sedimentation tank (4). The primary sedimentation tank (3), the secondary sedimentation tank (4) and the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) are connected in sequence, the first filter medium layer is arranged in the primary sedimentation tank (3) for filtering suspended particles in water, and the second filter medium layer is arranged in the secondary sedimentation tank (4) for removing sulfur and nitrogen elements in water.

2. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary sedimentation tank (3) and the secondary sedimentation tank (4), as well as the secondary sedimentation tank (4) and the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) are connected via first drainage outlets (6), and the two first drainage outlets (6) are respectively arranged at the top of the side of the primary sedimentation tank (3) and the secondary sedimentation tank (4).

3. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary sedimentation tank (3) comprises a first tank body portion (3.1) and a second tank body portion (3.2), the first side ditch (1) is connected to the first tank body portion (3.1), the second tank body portion (3.2) is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank (4), the first tank body portion (3.1) and the second tank body portion (3.2) are connected via a second drain port (7), the second drain port (7) is arranged at the bottom of the side of the ground tank body portion, and the first filter medium layer is arranged in the first tank body portion (3.1).

4. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first filter medium layer comprises a gravel filter layer (8), a gangue filter layer (9), a coal slag filter layer (10), and a river sand filter layer (11) which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom.

5. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gravel particle size in the gravel filter layer (8) is 3-10 cm.

6. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second filter medium layer comprises an activated carbon filter layer (12) and an activated alumina filter layer (13) which are distributed up and down.

7. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: Alum is added into the secondary sedimentation tank (4).

8. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: A composite microbial flora is added into the secondary sedimentation tank (4), and the composite microbial flora includes Thiobacillus, Denitrifying Thiobacillus, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria.

9. The ecological filter bed system for coal transportation highway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the tertiary sedimentation tank (5) is connected to a third drain outlet, and the third drain outlet is connected to a drainage ditch.

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