Display module and display equipment
By designing a detachable speaker module and light board structure in the LED all-in-one machine, the problems of poor applicability and inconvenient disassembly and maintenance of the audio speaker unit are solved, and the simple appearance and efficient maintenance of the product without a bottom frame are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422841495.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-11-21
AI Technical Summary
The audio speaker unit of the existing LED all-in-one machine has poor applicability and is inconvenient to disassemble and maintain, which affects the maintenance efficiency and user experience.
A display module is designed, in which a speaker module is detachably mounted in a receiving portion of a shell, and a light board is detachably mounted on the shell, so that the speaker module is located between the shell and the light board, eliminating the lower frame of the structure. During maintenance, only the light board needs to be removed to operate the speaker module.
This realizes the applicability of the speaker module in products without a bottom frame, simplifies the appearance design, and improves the convenience and efficiency of maintenance operations.
Smart Images

Figure CN223390255U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronic devices, and in particular to a display module and a display device. Background Art
[0002] An all-in-one LED display is a multifunctional, intelligent interactive device primarily used in conferencing, education, and healthcare. It combines the functions of a projector, electronic whiteboard, computer, television, advertising machine, and audio system, offering a variety of features including intelligent whiteboarding, document presentation, wireless screen transmission, multimedia playback, and remote conferencing. Due to the need for video playback, all-in-one LED displays are typically equipped with an audio speaker unit.
[0003] However, existing all-in-one LED displays are typically designed with a structural lower frame, which houses a controller module. The audio speaker unit is often integrated into the control module. This means that traditional audio speaker units are only suitable for products with a structural lower frame and are inapplicable to products without a lower frame, which require greater simplicity. Furthermore, because audio speaker units operate at high frequencies and are prone to wear and tear, daily use often requires disassembly, maintenance, and replacement. This requires first disassembling the structural lower frame to expose the controller module, and then disassembling the controller module to access the audio speaker unit. This cumbersome and inconvenient maintenance operation impacts both efficiency and user experience. Utility Model Content
[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a display module and a display device to address the problems of poor applicability and inconvenient disassembly and maintenance.
[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a display module is provided, comprising:
[0006] a housing, wherein the housing is provided with a receiving portion;
[0007] a speaker module, the speaker module being detachably mounted on the receiving portion; and
[0008] A light board is detachably mounted on the housing. When the light board is assembled with the housing, at least a portion of the speaker module is located between the housing and the light board.
[0009] The display module of this solution is applied to a display device, and a receiving portion is provided on the shell so that the speaker module can be installed in the receiving portion, and then the light board is installed on the shell, so that after the three are assembled, at least part of the speaker module is located between the shell and the light board, that is, the speaker module is installed inside the display module; compared with the existing technology, on the one hand, this solution directly integrates and installs the speaker module inside the display module, which can eliminate the structural lower frame originally arranged on the ground side of the shell, so that the overall appearance of the display device can be made simpler, that is, the speaker module can be applied to products without a lower frame; on the other hand, when the speaker module needs to be maintained or replaced, it is only necessary to remove the light board and then perform relevant operations on the speaker module directly, or to take out the speaker module and perform relevant operations, without the need to disassemble complicated parts, making maintenance operations convenient and labor-saving, thereby significantly improving the maintenance efficiency and experience.
[0010] The technical solution of this application is further described below:
[0011] In one embodiment, a connecting piece is provided on a side of the shell facing the light board, and the light board is detachably connected to the shell through the connecting piece.
[0012] In one embodiment, the connecting member is configured as a magnetic body, and the lamp board is magnetically connected to the magnetic body, so that the lamp board and the housing can be assembled detachably.
[0013] In one embodiment, a positioning body is provided on one of the side of the shell facing the light board and the surface of the light board facing the shell, and a positioning hole is provided on the other side of the shell facing the light board and the surface of the light board facing the shell, and the positioning body is inserted into the positioning hole.
[0014] In one embodiment, the speaker module includes a speaker body and a maintenance bracket, and the speaker body and the maintenance bracket are detachably assembled and matched.
[0015] In one embodiment, the shell includes a fixed backplate, the maintenance bracket includes a fixed backplate, a rear cover and a first connecting piece, the fixed backplate is provided with a removal window, the rear cover is detachably mounted on the first side of the fixed backplate through the first connecting piece, and the speaker body is movably inserted into the removal window.
[0016] In one embodiment, the rear cover is provided with a cavity, a portion of the speaker body extends into the cavity, a side wall of the cavity is provided with a sound outlet, and the sound outlet is arranged opposite to the sound outlet portion of the speaker body.
[0017] In one embodiment, a rib structure for reinforcing the fixed backboard is provided on the bottom wall of the cavity.
[0018] In one embodiment, the maintenance bracket also includes a front cover and a second connecting member, and the front cover is detachably mounted on the second side of the fixed back plate through the second connecting member; wherein the first side and the second side are two opposite sides of the fixed back plate.
[0019] In one embodiment, the maintenance bracket further includes a third connecting piece, and the front cover is detachably connected to the speaker body via the third connecting piece.
[0020] In a second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided, which includes a plurality of display modules as described above spliced together. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The drawings that constitute a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute improper limitations on this application.
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.
[0023] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a display module according to an embodiment.
[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of part of the explosion structure.
[0025] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a speaker module according to an embodiment.
[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure from the dorsal perspective.
[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the side structure of the speaker module.
[0028] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a speaker module according to an embodiment.
[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A structural diagram from another perspective.
[0030] Description of reference numerals:
[0031] 10. Speaker module; 11. Speaker body; 111. Sound outlet; 12. Maintenance bracket; 121. Fixed back panel; 121a. Take-out window; 122. Rear cover; 122a. Concave cavity; 1221a. Sound outlet; 1222a. Rib structure; 123. First connecting piece; 124. Front cover; 125. Second connecting piece; 126. Third connecting piece; 20. Light board; 30. Housing; 31. Panel; 311. Magnetic body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0033] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.
[0034] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
[0035] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0036] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
[0037] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.
[0038] Existing all-in-one LED displays are typically designed with a structural lower frame, which houses a controller module. The audio speaker unit is often integrated into the control module. This means that traditional audio speaker units are only suitable for products with a structural lower frame, and are unusable for products without a lower frame that require greater simplicity. Furthermore, due to the high frequency of operation of the audio speaker unit and its vulnerability to wear and tear, daily use requires disassembly, maintenance, and replacement. This requires first removing the structural lower frame to expose the controller module, and then removing the controller module to access the audio speaker unit. This cumbersome and inconvenient maintenance operation impacts both efficiency and user experience.
[0039] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present application adapts the structure of the shell 30 and the light board 20 to reserve space for installing the speaker module 10, so that the speaker module 10 can be assembled between the shell 30 and the light board 20, and the speaker module 10 is installed inside the display module, thereby eliminating the lower frame of the structure, making the speaker module 10 suitable for the installation needs of frameless products; furthermore, since the light board 20 can be removed from the shell 30, it is convenient to maintain the light board 20, making the maintenance of the speaker module 10 convenient and efficient.
[0040] For details about this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , provides a partial structural schematic diagram of a display module, including a speaker module 10, a light board 20 and a shell 30.
[0041] The housing 30 is a load-bearing body for loading the integrated speaker module 10 and the light board 20 .
[0042] Optionally, the material of the housing 30 may be, but is not limited to, plastic, metal, etc., and may be flexibly selected according to actual needs.
[0043] The housing 30 is provided with a receiving portion, and the speaker module 10 is detachably mounted in the receiving portion. The receiving portion can be in the form of a groove, a cavity, a window, or the like.
[0044] The light board 20 is detachably mounted on the housing 30 . When the light board 20 and the housing 30 are assembled, at least a portion of the speaker module 10 is located between the housing 30 and the light board 20 .
[0045] When the light board 20 , the speaker module 10 and the housing 30 are in an assembled structural state, the speaker module 10 is completely covered by the light board 20 below, and thus the speaker module 10 is not visible when observed from the outside.
[0046] In the present application, the light board 20 specifically includes but is not limited to a PCB board and a light-emitting body, and the light-emitting body is soldered to the PCB board. The light-emitting body can be in the form of at least one of LED lamp beads, LED light strips, LED light tubes, etc.
[0047] In summary, the implementation of the technical solution of this embodiment will achieve the following beneficial effects: the display module of this solution is applied to a display device, and a receiving portion is provided on the shell 30, so that the speaker module 10 can be installed in the receiving portion, and then the light board 20 is installed on the shell 30, so that after the three are assembled, at least part of the speaker module 10 is located between the shell 30 and the light board 20, that is, the speaker module 10 is installed inside the display module; compared with the prior art, on the one hand, this solution directly integrates the speaker module 10 into the interior of the display module, which can eliminate the structural lower frame originally arranged on the ground side of the shell 30, so that the overall appearance of the display device can be more concise, that is, the speaker module 10 can be applied to products without a lower frame; on the other hand, when the speaker module 10 needs to be maintained or replaced, it is only necessary to remove the light board 20 to directly perform relevant operations on the speaker module 10, or to take out the speaker module 10 to perform relevant operations, without the need to disassemble complicated parts, making maintenance operations convenient and labor-saving, thereby significantly improving the maintenance efficiency and experience.
[0048] It is understandable that when the speaker module 10 is moved to the inside of the display module and the lower frame is omitted, other functional components such as the controller module originally installed in the lower frame can also be installed in a suitable place in the empty cavity inside the display module.
[0049] In an optional embodiment, in order to achieve normal assembly and fixation of the light board 20 and the shell 30 during production, and to disassemble the light board 20 to expose the speaker module 10 when the speaker module 10 needs maintenance, a connecting piece is provided on the side of the shell 30 facing the light board 20, and the light board 20 is detachably connected to the shell 30 through the connecting piece.
[0050] Specifically, the housing 30 includes a panel 31 and a fixed back plate 121 . The panel 31 is arranged between the light board 20 and the fixed back plate 121 , and the connector is installed on the side of the panel 31 facing the light board 20 .
[0051] The connecting piece may be a part of the structure of the shell 30, that is, the connecting piece is formed integrally with the shell 30; or, the connecting piece may be a separate component fixed to the shell 30 in a detachable or non-detachable installation manner.
[0052] For example, in one optional embodiment, the connector is configured as a magnetic body 311, and the light panel 20 is magnetically connected to the magnetic body 311, thereby enabling a detachable assembly of the light panel 20 and the housing 30. The magnetic body 311 generates a magnetic attraction on the light panel 20, allowing the light panel 20 to be magnetically fixed to the housing 30. To disassemble the light panel 20, the light panel 20 is pulled outward. When the pulling force exceeds the magnetic attraction, the light panel 20 separates from the magnetic body 311, completing the disassembly of the light panel 20. This magnetic installation method has a simple structure and operating principle, is easy to repeatedly disassemble and assemble, and does not damage the light panel 20, making it highly feasible.
[0053] Specifically, the magnetic body 311 can be a magnet, and the magnet can be fixed to the housing 30 by bonding, inserting into a mounting groove, etc. Accordingly, the lamp board 20 is embedded with a metal insert, which is used to be fixed with the magnet by magnetic attraction.
[0054] Preferably, multiple magnetic bodies 311 and metal inserts are dispersedly arranged and set in one-to-one correspondence to form a multi-point magnetic fixing effect, thereby improving the installation stability of the lamp panel 20.
[0055] Furthermore, a positioning member is provided on one of the side of the housing 30 facing the light board 20 and the surface of the light board 20 facing the housing 30. A positioning hole is provided on the other side of the housing 30 facing the light board 20, into which the positioning member is inserted. When the light board 20 and the housing 30 are assembled, the positioning member is aligned and inserted into the positioning hole, thereby initially positioning the light board 20 for installation, preventing the light board 20 from shifting or tilting, which could affect subsequent installation operations.
[0056] Preferably, a plurality of positioning bodies and positioning holes are dispersedly arranged and provided in a one-to-one correspondence to form a multi-point positioning effect, thereby improving the positioning reliability of the light board 20 .
[0057] The positioning body can be in the form of a column, block, plate, cylinder or other structure, and can be selected according to actual needs.
[0058] See also Figure 3 Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the speaker module 10 includes a speaker body 11 and a maintenance bracket 12, which are detachably assembled and matched. During production, the speaker body 11 is mounted to the housing 30 via the maintenance bracket 12. When maintenance is required on a damaged speaker body 11, the light board 20 is first removed from the housing 30, and then the maintenance bracket 12 is removed. This exposes the speaker body 11 to the operator, facilitating maintenance operations.
[0059] In this application, the display device is composed of multiple display modules spliced together to obtain a larger display area and improve the display effect. For example, the display device can be a LED all-in-one machine. The LED all-in-one machine is an intelligent display device that integrates multiple functions and is mainly used in conferences, training and other occasions. It combines multiple functions such as projector, screen, multi-touch screen, video playback, audio, computer and file management in one, and has full conference functions such as interactive intelligent large screen, interactive control, remote conferencing, multi-screen mutual display, high-definition display, multimedia playback, etc.
[0060] All-in-one LED displays resemble televisions and typically reach sizes around 100 inches. Available sizes include 65-inch, 75-inch, 86-inch, 100-inch, and 110-inch. They are highly integrated, require only a 220V power supply, and are lightweight. They can be installed in a variety of ways, including wall-mounting, ceiling-mounting, and mobile bracket mounting.
[0061] The all-in-one LED display is incredibly powerful, supporting wireless projection, allowing users to wirelessly project content from their computer or phone onto the screen. It also features a capacitive touchscreen, allowing users to swipe, write, and open apps much like they would on a smartphone. Furthermore, the all-in-one LED display boasts dual operating systems, allowing it to function as both a computer and a monitor, supporting file storage, web browsing, and whiteboard functionality.
[0062] Therefore, this application, based on full consideration of maintenance convenience, combines the two different installation scenarios of the LED all-in-one machine using bracket installation and wall-mounted installation, and redesigns the maintenance bracket 12 to achieve front and rear maintenance of the speaker body 11.
[0063] See also Figures 3 to 7 Specifically, in an optional embodiment, the maintenance bracket 12 includes a rear cover 122 and a first connecting member 123, the fixed back plate 121 is provided with a removal window 121a, the rear cover 122 is detachably mounted on the first side surface of the fixed back plate 121 through the first connecting member 123, and the speaker body 11 is movably inserted into the removal window 121a.
[0064] When the LED all-in-one machine is installed using a bracket and the speaker body 11 needs to be maintained, the light board 20 is first removed to expose the first connecting member 123, and then the first connecting member 123 is removed to release the rear cover 122. At this time, the rear cover 122 can be directly removed from the rear side of the LED all-in-one machine through the removal window 121a on the fixed back plate 121, thereby exposing the speaker body 11, and then the speaker body 11 can be maintained.
[0065] It is easy to understand that the above-mentioned rear maintenance operation refers to the maintenance operation performed on the rear part of the speaker body 11 from the rear side of the LED all-in-one machine.
[0066] Please continue reading Figure 6 In the above embodiment, the rear cover 122 is provided with a recessed cavity 122a. The recessed cavity 122a is specifically rectangular and conforms to the rectangular shape of the speaker body 11. A portion of the speaker body 11 extends into the recessed cavity 122a. A sound outlet 1221a is defined in the sidewall of the recessed cavity 122a. The sound outlet 1221a is positioned opposite the sound outlet portion 111 of the speaker body 11. The recessed cavity 122a accommodates a portion of the speaker body 11, thereby allowing the sound outlet 1221a to face the sound outlet portion 111. This allows sound emitted from the sound outlet portion 111 to pass through the sound outlet 1221a and into the external environment.
[0067] Please continue reading Figure 6 During frequent assembly and disassembly, the rear cover 122 is often subjected to external forces, which can easily cause it to bend, deform, or even break. To address this, a rib structure 1222a is provided on the bottom wall of the cavity 122a to strengthen and secure the back plate 121. The rib structure 1222a can effectively improve the overall structural strength of the rear cover 122, thereby avoiding or alleviating the aforementioned problem.
[0068] Please continue reading Figure 3 Furthermore, in another embodiment, the maintenance bracket 12 also includes a front cover 124 and a second connecting member 125, and the front cover 124 is detachably mounted on the second side of the fixed back plate 121 through the second connecting member 125; wherein the first side and the second side are two oppositely arranged side surfaces of the fixed back plate 121.
[0069] When the LED all-in-one is wall-mounted, the rear side of the main unit is blocked by the wall, making it impossible to perform rear maintenance on the speaker body 11. In this case, after removing the light panel 20, the second connector 125 is removed to release the front cover 124. After the front cover 124 is removed, the front of the speaker body 11 is exposed to the staff, and the speaker body 11 can then be maintained from the front.
[0070] Specifically, in the present application, the front cover plate 124 is rectangular, and its two opposite ends in the length direction are respectively connected to the fixed back plate 121 through at least one second connecting member 125.
[0071] It should be noted that since there are different functional components on the front and rear sides of the speaker body 11, the front maintenance or rear maintenance method can be flexibly selected according to the installation method of the LED all-in-one machine, which can solve different problems of the speaker body 11 in a targeted manner.
[0072] Please continue reading Figure 3In addition, in order to enable the speaker body 11 to be assembled and fixed with the maintenance bracket 12 to ensure that the speaker body 11 is positioned reliably and safely after installation, the maintenance bracket 12 also includes a third connecting member 126, and the front cover 124 is detachably connected to the speaker body 11 through the third connecting member 126.
[0073] Optionally, the above-mentioned first connecting member 123, second connecting member 125 and third connecting member 126 are all threaded components, that is, the rear cover plate 122 and the fixed back plate 121, the front cover plate 124 and the fixed back plate 121, and the front cover plate 124 and the speaker body 11 can be disassembled and assembled by threaded connection, the installation and disassembly method is simple, the connection reliability is high, and it is convenient to perform maintenance or replacement operations on the speaker body 11.
[0074] Of course, in other optional embodiments, the above-mentioned threaded connection method can also be replaced by bonding, magnetic connection, snap connection, etc., which are also within the scope of protection of this application and will not be repeated here.
[0075] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0076] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A display module, characterized in that: include: a housing, wherein the housing is provided with a receiving portion; a speaker module, the speaker module being detachably mounted on the receiving portion; as well as A light board is detachably mounted on the housing. When the light board is assembled with the housing, at least a portion of the speaker module is located between the housing and the light board.
2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: A connecting piece is provided on a side of the shell facing the light board, and the light board is detachably connected to the shell through the connecting piece.
3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein: The connecting member is configured as a magnetic body, and the lamp board is magnetically connected to the magnetic body, so that the lamp board and the housing can be assembled in a separable manner.
4. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: A positioning body is provided on one of the side of the shell facing the light board and the board surface of the light board facing the shell, and a positioning hole is provided on the other side of the shell facing the light board and the board surface of the light board facing the shell, and the positioning body is inserted into the positioning hole.
5. The display module according to claim 1, wherein: The speaker module includes a speaker body and a maintenance bracket, and the speaker body and the maintenance bracket are detachably assembled and matched.
6. The display module according to claim 5, wherein: The shell includes a fixed back plate, the maintenance bracket includes a rear cover and a first connecting member, the fixed back plate is provided with a removal window, the rear cover is detachably mounted on the first side of the fixed back plate through the first connecting member, and the speaker body is movably inserted into the removal window.
7. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The rear cover is provided with a cavity, part of the speaker body extends into the cavity, and a sound outlet hole is opened on the side wall of the cavity, and the sound outlet hole is arranged opposite to the sound outlet part of the speaker body.
8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein: A rib structure for reinforcing the fixed back plate is provided on the bottom wall of the cavity.
9. The display module according to claim 6, wherein: The maintenance bracket also includes a front cover and a second connecting piece, and the front cover is detachably mounted on the second side surface of the fixed back plate through the second connecting piece; wherein the first side surface and the second side surface are two oppositely disposed side surfaces of the fixed back plate.
10. The display module according to claim 9, wherein: The maintenance bracket further includes a third connecting piece, and the front cover is detachably connected to the speaker body via the third connecting piece.
11. A display device, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of display modules according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which are spliced together.