Receiving antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a receiving antenna, which belongs to the technical field of communication and comprises an antenna shell, an antenna array element and a radio frequency receiving module, the antenna array element and the radio frequency receiving module are arranged in the antenna shell, and a signal input port on the antenna shell and three radio frequency interfaces in the radio frequency receiving module are correspondingly arranged. And the radio frequency receiving module can complete gating switching of different radio frequency input channels and gating transmission of antenna array elements and external antenna transmission signals through corresponding arrangement of each component, the switch assembly and the power supply assembly in the radio frequency receiving module. The receiving antenna provided by the utility model is compact in structure and convenient to use, can effectively meet the receiving requirements of double-channel signals, realizes the gating switching of the output of the double-channel signals, fully ensures the reliability and accuracy of the gating output of the receiving antenna, reduces the mutual interference in the signal output process of each channel, and improves the signal output efficiency. The use performance of the receiving antenna is improved, the application requirements in special application scenes are met, and the receiving antenna has good practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of communications, and in particular relates to a receiving antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of aerospace, measurement, control, and communications, receiving antennas are widely used, playing the role of command transmission and information exchange. With the continuous development of my country's aerospace industry, higher requirements are placed on related supporting facilities and equipment.

[0003] During a flight mission, the carrier aircraft and the main engine may separate, resulting in the ground tracking and control station being unable to effectively receive satellite signals. Therefore, it is necessary to properly control the switching of different antennas based on the flight trajectory and satellite separation time, and then select the appropriate antenna for processing and positioning. Currently, most antennas receive multiple satellite signals simultaneously for satellite positioning. However, the simultaneous use of multiple channels may cause interference between channels and generate communication errors. Although existing technologies also use external antenna switches to switch antennas, this requires additional external equipment, increasing the cost of antenna applications and reducing the reliability of antenna applications. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to one or more of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a receiving antenna that can effectively meet the receiving antenna's requirements for the selection and output of multiple signals, thereby improving the flexibility and reliability of the receiving antenna in different application scenarios.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a receiving antenna, comprising an antenna housing having an inner cavity, wherein an antenna array element is arranged in the inner cavity, and a signal input port for connecting an external antenna is arranged on one side of the antenna housing; and

[0006] A radio frequency channel cavity is also provided in the inner cavity, and a radio frequency receiving module is provided therein; the radio frequency receiving module includes a receiving component box body with an opening on one side, a receiving component cover plate is connected to the opening of the receiving component box body, and a first radio frequency interface and a second radio frequency interface as signal input interfaces and a third radio frequency interface as a signal output interface are respectively provided on the side walls of the receiving component box body;

[0007] The first RF interface is used to receive signals from the antenna array element, and is electrically connected to the antenna array element through a first cable. The receiving component box is provided with a first-stage filter, a first-stage amplifier, a second-stage filter, a second-stage amplifier, and a third-stage filter in sequence corresponding to the first RF interface;

[0008] The second radio frequency interface is used to receive a signal from an external antenna, and is electrically connected to the signal input port via a second cable; and

[0009] A power supply component and a switch component are also provided; the power supply component is electrically connected to the two-stage amplifier and the switch component respectively, and is used to supply power to the corresponding devices when they are working; the switch component is electrically connected to the second RF interface and the third RF interface respectively, and the first RF interface is electrically connected to the switch component through the third-stage filter; the switch component includes a switch chip and a TTL controller electrically connected to it through a NOT gate, which is used to select the two signal input interfaces.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a radio frequency channel printed circuit board is provided in the receiving component box, and at least part of the components communicating with the first radio frequency interface are provided on the radio frequency channel printed circuit board.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a metal spacer is provided in the middle of the RF channel printed circuit board; both ends of the metal spacer extend to the inner wall surfaces of both sides of the receiving component box body, and the top abuts against the inner wall surface of the receiving component cover plate; and

[0012] The first-stage amplifier and the second-stage amplifier are respectively arranged in two side cavities separated by the metal spacer.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper and lower sides of the antenna housing are open, and are respectively connected with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; and

[0014] The antenna array element is arranged at the center of the top of the inner cavity, and a radome is arranged corresponding to it, and a central through hole is opened on the upper cover to achieve avoidance with the radome.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, an attenuation network module is provided between the first-stage amplifier and the second-stage filter; and / or an attenuation network module is provided between the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage filter.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the attenuation network module is an impedance type network module.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first-stage filter is a dielectric filter, and the second-stage filter and the third-stage filter are surface acoustic wave filters respectively.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the power supply component is powered by coaxial feeding.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the two-stage amplifiers are respectively low-noise amplifiers.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the antenna array element and / or the external antenna is a B3 satellite navigation antenna.

[0021] The above-mentioned improved technical features can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0022] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] (1) The receiving antenna of the present invention comprises an antenna housing and an antenna array element and a radio frequency receiving module arranged in the antenna housing. By utilizing the corresponding arrangement of the signal input port on the antenna housing and the three radio frequency interfaces in the radio frequency receiving module, as well as the corresponding arrangement of the various components, switch components and power supply components in the radio frequency receiving module, the radio frequency receiving module can complete the selection and switching of different radio frequency output channels, complete the selection and transmission of the antenna array element and the external antenna transmission signal, and effectively improve the convenience and flexibility of the use of the receiving antenna.

[0024] (2) The receiving antenna of the present invention can accurately separate two mutually isolated accommodating cavities by preferably setting the structure of the RF receiving module and utilizing the combination of the RF channel printed circuit board and the metal spacer in the receiving component box, thereby ensuring that the two-stage amplifiers can be separately arranged in two independent accommodating cavities, avoiding mutual interference when the two amplifiers are working separately, and fully improving the accuracy and reliability of signal processing.

[0025] (3) The receiving antenna of the present invention, by optimizing the specific models of amplifiers and filters and the corresponding setting of the attenuation network module, can further improve the processing quality of the antenna signal after access to the first RF interface, and ensure the reliability of the antenna array element receiving signal processing and transmission.

[0026] (4) The receiving antenna in the present invention has a compact structure and is easy to use. It can effectively meet the reception requirements of dual-channel signals and realize the switching of the two-channel signal outputs, fully ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the receiving antenna's switching output, reducing mutual interference in the output process of each channel signal, improving the performance of the receiving antenna, meeting the application requirements in special application scenarios, and having good practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the top structure of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the radio frequency receiving module of the receiving antenna in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a left side view of the structure of the radio frequency receiving module of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a right side view of the structure of the radio frequency receiving module of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a functional block diagram of the radio frequency receiving module of the receiving antenna in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] In all the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same technical features, specifically:

[0036] 1. Antenna housing; 2. Upper cover; 3. Lower cover; 4. Signal input port; 5. Antenna array element; 6. Radome; 7. RF channel cavity; 8. RF receiving module; 9. First cable; 10. Second cable;

[0037] 801, receiving component box; 802, receiving component cover; 803, RF channel printed circuit board; 804, metal spacer; 805, first RF interface; 806, second RF interface; 807, third RF interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0040] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this utility model, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components, or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0043] Example:

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 3 The receiving antenna in the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna housing 1 , wherein an accommodating cavity for arranging various components of the receiving antenna is formed inside the antenna housing 1 .

[0045] Specifically, the antenna housing 1 in the preferred embodiment is a structure with upper and lower openings, and covers are respectively provided corresponding to the upper and lower openings, namely an upper cover 2 and a lower cover 3. Through the provision of the two covers, the various components of the antenna are encapsulated in the housing.

[0046] Exemplarily, the connection between the two cover plates and the antenna housing 1 is completed by a plurality of screws.

[0047] At the same time, the antenna housing 1 in the preferred embodiment is provided with at least one cable interface on its side. Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, a signal input port 4 is provided on one side of the antenna housing 1 for connecting to an external antenna via a cable.

[0048] Furthermore, for the receiving antenna in the preferred embodiment, an antenna array element 5 is provided at the top, and the antenna array element 5 is encapsulated in the inner cavity of the shell through the antenna cover 6; accordingly, a central through hole is opened in the middle of the upper cover 2 corresponding to the antenna cover 6 to achieve avoidance with the antenna cover 6, so as to prevent the setting of the upper cover 2 from affecting the normal operation of the antenna array element 5.

[0049] For example, the antenna array element 5 in the preferred embodiment is arranged at the center of the inner cavity of the antenna housing 1, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in .

[0050] In more detail, a wiring port is provided on the side of the antenna array element 5 facing away from the antenna cover 6 for connecting a signal transmission cable to transmit the signal received by the antenna array element 5 to the corresponding component inside the antenna.

[0051] Furthermore, a radio frequency channel cavity 7 is formed in the inner cavity of the antenna housing 1 , which is preferably formed on a side of the inner cavity close to the lower cover plate 3 , for accommodating and fixing the radio frequency receiving module 8 .

[0052] Specifically, the radio frequency receiving module 8 in the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figures 4 to 6 As shown in the figure, it includes a receiving component box body 801 with an opening at one end and in a box shape, and a receiving component cover 802 is provided corresponding to the opening of the box body. By connecting the receiving component cover 802 at the opening of the box body, the various components of the RF receiving module 8 can be encapsulated in the receiving component box body 801.

[0053] Exemplarily, the connection between the receiving component cover 802 and the receiving component box body 801 is completed by a plurality of screws.

[0054] In more detail, the principle structure diagram of the radio frequency receiving module 8 in the preferred embodiment is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in , it includes two signal input interfaces (i.e. Figure 5 The first RF interface 805, the second RF interface 806) and a signal output interface ( Figure 6The third radio frequency interface 807 in ).

[0055] The first RF interface 805 is provided corresponding to the antenna array element 5 and is electrically connected to the antenna array element 5 via the first cable 9, so that the signal received by the antenna array element 5 can be transmitted to the RF receiving module 8 via the first cable 9 and the first RF interface 805. At the same time, in the RF receiving module 8, a first-stage filter, a first-stage amplifier, a second-stage filter, a second-stage amplifier, and a third-stage filter are provided in sequence corresponding to the first RF interface 805, and each component is electrically connected to each other in sequence.

[0056] In more detail, an attenuation network module is provided between the first-stage amplifier and the second-stage filter; and / or, an attenuation network module, such as an impedance-type network module, is provided between the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage filter, for adjusting the gain of the RF channel and the circuit impedance matching, thereby adjusting the standing wave and noise coefficient of the input and output signals.

[0057] In practical configurations, the first-stage filter is preferably a dielectric filter, and the second and third-stage filters are preferably surface acoustic wave filters. This combination of three filters accurately filters out out-of-band spurious signals, ensuring a high level of harmonic suppression in the amplified signal. In a preferred embodiment, the three-stage filter achieves 100dB suppression of signals in the 1.61GHz to 3GHz range, significantly reducing interference from out-of-band signals on the receiving antenna.

[0058] In more detail, corresponding to the arrangement of the components in the RF receiving module 8, an RF channel printed circuit board 803 is provided in the receiving component box body 801. The RF channel printed circuit board 803 is preferably fixed in the receiving component box body 801 by screws, and at least part of the components connected to the first RF interface 805 are arranged on the RF channel printed circuit board 803.

[0059] In order to avoid mutual interference between the two amplifiers during actual operation, a metal spacer 804 is provided in the receiving component box 801 during actual setting. The metal spacer 804 is preferably provided in the middle of the RF channel printed circuit board 803, and its two ends extend to the inner wall surfaces on both sides of the receiving component box 801. The top of the metal spacer 804 can abut the inner wall surface of the receiving component cover 802 after the receiving component cover 802 is completed. In this way, through the setting of the metal spacer 804, two relatively independent cavities can be formed in the receiving component box 801, and then the first-stage amplifier and the second-stage amplifier can be respectively accommodated in the two independent cavities and complete their respective working processes.

[0060] Furthermore, a second RF interface 806 is set corresponding to the signal input port 4, and is connected to the signal input port 4 through a second cable 10. The external antenna can be connected to the signal input port 4 through the cable, and the signal of the external antenna can be transmitted to the RF receiving module 8 through the second cable 10 and the second RF interface 806.

[0061] Exemplarily, the antenna array element 5 and / or the external antenna in the preferred embodiment is a B3 satellite navigation antenna.

[0062] More specifically, a switch assembly is also provided within the receiving assembly housing 801, corresponding to the three RF interfaces. This assembly includes a switch chip and a TTL controller electrically connected to the switch chip, with a NOT gate positioned between the TTL controller and the switch chip. The switch chip is used to select signals and provide a certain degree of isolation; the NOT gate is used to convert the input control level. This configuration, along with the TTL controller, switches the source of the signal output by the third RF interface 807.

[0063] Correspondingly, the first RF interface 805 is electrically connected to the switch component through the third-stage filter, and the second RF interface 806 and the third RF interface 807 are also electrically connected to the switch component respectively, and can complete the selection operation of the RF receiving module 8 through the control of the TTL controller to determine whether the signal output from the third RF interface 807 comes from the first RF interface 805 or the second RF interface 806.

[0064] In actual settings, the signal output through the third RF interface 807 is an intermediate frequency signal after module amplification, filtering, and mixing conversion, and the above signal is converted into a digital signal after subsequent AD sampling and sent to the baseband signal processing unit, and finally the positioning information is output to the control bus and test bus through the CAN interface.

[0065] Furthermore, the corresponding RF receiving module 8 is also equipped with a power supply assembly for supplying power of a corresponding voltage to the two-stage amplifier, thereby ensuring normal operation of the two-stage amplifier. In a preferred embodiment, the power supply assembly includes a power chip and a diode electrically connected thereto. It has voltage stabilization and buck-boost functions, and converts the voltage based on the module's power supply characteristics to provide a forward voltage to the two-stage amplifier. Furthermore, the power supply assembly can also provide operating voltage for the switch assembly.

[0066] Exemplarily, the power supply assembly in the preferred embodiment uses coaxial feeding to power the entire channel.

[0067] More preferably, the two-stage amplifiers in the preferred embodiment are low-noise amplifiers, capable of performing two-stage amplification of the input signal and ensuring that the channel gain is within an appropriate range. Furthermore, the gain can be controlled to approximately 36 dB by configuring corresponding attenuation network modules based on the amplification characteristics of the two-stage amplifiers.

[0068] For the receiving antenna in the preferred embodiment, a TTL controller is provided in combination with a NOT gate to realize the gating control of the switch chip, and accurately complete the gating switching when the first signal and the second signal are output.

[0069] In actual operation, the first signal is received by the first RF interface 805. It is a communication signal from antenna array element 5. After multi-stage filtering and two-stage amplification, it is output to the subsequent receiving device through the third RF interface 807. The second signal is received by the second RF interface 806. It is a communication signal from the external receiving antenna. The signal of the external receiving antenna can be output to the subsequent receiving device through the third RF interface 807.

[0070] The receiving antenna in the present invention has a compact structure and is easy to use. It can effectively meet the reception requirements of dual-channel signals and realize the switching of the two-channel signal outputs, fully ensuring the reliability and accuracy of the receiving antenna's switching output, reducing mutual interference in the output process of each channel signal, improving the performance of the receiving antenna, meeting the application requirements in special application scenarios, and having good practical value.

[0071] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A receiving antenna, characterized in that: The antenna housing comprises an inner cavity in which an antenna array element is disposed, and a signal input port for connecting to an external antenna is disposed on one side of the antenna housing; and A radio frequency channel cavity is also provided in the inner cavity, and a radio frequency receiving module is provided therein; the radio frequency receiving module includes a receiving component box body with an opening on one side, a receiving component cover plate is connected to the opening of the receiving component box body, and a first radio frequency interface and a second radio frequency interface as signal input interfaces and a third radio frequency interface as a signal output interface are respectively provided on the side walls of the receiving component box body; The first RF interface is used to receive signals from the antenna array element, and is electrically connected to the antenna array element through a first cable. The receiving component box is provided with a first-stage filter, a first-stage amplifier, a second-stage filter, a second-stage amplifier, and a third-stage filter in sequence corresponding to the first RF interface; The second radio frequency interface is used to receive a signal from an external antenna and is electrically connected to the signal input port via a second cable; as well as A power supply component and a switch component are also provided; the power supply component is electrically connected to the two-stage amplifier and the switch component respectively, and is used to supply power to the corresponding devices when they are working; the switch component is electrically connected to the second RF interface and the third RF interface respectively, and the first RF interface is electrically connected to the switch component through the third-stage filter; the switch component includes a switch chip and a TTL controller electrically connected to it through a NOT gate, which is used to select the two signal input interfaces.

2. The receiving antenna according to claim 1, wherein A radio frequency channel printed circuit board is provided in the receiving component box, and at least part of the components communicated with the first radio frequency interface are provided on the radio frequency channel printed circuit board.

3. The receiving antenna according to claim 2, wherein A metal spacer is provided in the middle of the radio frequency channel printed circuit board; both ends of the metal spacer extend to the inner wall surfaces of both sides of the receiving component box body, and the top abuts against the inner wall surface of the receiving component cover plate; and The first-stage amplifier and the second-stage amplifier are respectively arranged in two side cavities separated by the metal spacer.

4. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The upper and lower sides of the antenna housing are open, and are respectively connected with an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate; and The antenna array element is arranged at the center of the top of the inner cavity, and a radome is arranged corresponding to it, and a central through hole is opened on the upper cover to achieve avoidance with the radome.

5. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that An attenuation network module is provided between the first-stage amplifier and the second-stage filter; and / or an attenuation network module is provided between the second-stage amplifier and the third-stage filter. The receiving antenna according to claim 5 , wherein: The attenuation network module is an impedance type network module.

7. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that The first-stage filter is a dielectric filter, and the second-stage filter and the third-stage filter are surface acoustic wave filters respectively.

8. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that The power supply component is supplied with power in the form of coaxial feeding.

9. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that The two-stage amplifiers are low noise amplifiers.

10. The receiving antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that The antenna array element and / or the external antenna is a B3 satellite navigation antenna.

Images