Direct-cooling and direct-heating heat management system

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage heat management, and discloses a direct-cooling and direct-heating heat management system. The direct-cooling and direct-heating heat management system comprises a compressor, a condenser, an electromagnetic valve set, a one-way valve set, a liquid storage device, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing pressure control valve, a refrigeration distributor, a battery pack, a heating distributor, a thermostatic expansion valve, an evaporator and a gas-liquid separator. And the electromagnetic valve group and the one-way valve group are selectively opened or closed, and the direct-cooling and direct-heating heat management system respectively operates a direct-cooling system or a direct-heating system. The direct-cooling and direct-heating heat management system is high in heat exchange efficiency, high in system operation stability and safety and good in battery temperature uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage thermal management, in particular to a direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, containerized energy storage systems are increasingly being used in new energy, photovoltaic, and power station applications due to their numerous advantages, including smaller footprints and easy installation and transportation. Containerized energy storage systems can include devices or technologies such as batteries, supercapacitors, flywheels, and hydraulic systems, with batteries being one of the most commonly used energy storage methods. However, during operation, overcooling or overheating can cause failures in the energy storage system, placing very high demands on the thermal management technology for the energy storage system. Currently, direct cooling and direct heating thermal management systems, as a new energy battery thermal management technology, are gradually being applied to new energy vehicle power battery solutions. Compared to liquid cooling systems (convective heat transfer of liquid cold plates), direct cooling and direct heating thermal management systems rely on phase change heat transfer of the refrigerant in both cooling and heating conditions. They not only have a high heat transfer coefficient and strong heat transfer capacity, but also the refrigerant temperature does not change during the heat exchange process, only the refrigerant dryness changes, providing a uniform and stable cold or heat source. Specifically, the working principle of the direct cooling and direct heating plate is as follows: under direct cooling conditions, the refrigerant entering the direct cooling plate is the liquid medium from the outlet of the expansion valve, which vaporizes and absorbs heat in the direct cooling and direct heating plate, and cools the power battery module in contact with the surface of the direct cooling and direct heating plate; under direct heating conditions, the refrigerant entering the direct cooling plate is the gaseous medium from the outlet of the compressor, which liquefies and releases heat in the direct cooling and direct heating plate, and heats the power battery module in contact with the surface of the direct cooling and direct heating plate; under both conditions, heat is transferred by phase change of the refrigerant.

[0003] However, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system in the prior art distributes the refrigerant entering each cold plate in the battery pack unevenly; the refrigerant entering the cold plate affects the operation of the entire system due to being too cold or too hot; and the system structure is complex.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, which has high heat exchange efficiency, high system operation stability and safety, and good battery temperature uniformity.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, comprising a compressor, a condenser, a solenoid valve group, a one-way valve group, a liquid reservoir, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing pressure control valve, a cooling distributor, a battery pack, a heating distributor, a thermal expansion valve, an evaporator, and a gas-liquid separator. The solenoid valve group and the one-way valve group are selectively opened or closed, and the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system respectively operates a direct cooling system or a direct heating system;

[0008] in:

[0009] The direct cooling system: the refrigerant flows out of the compressor and sequentially flows through the condenser, the liquid reservoir, the electronic expansion valve, the cooling distributor, the battery pack, the heating distributor and the gas-liquid separator, and returns to the compressor, thus circulating;

[0010] The direct heating system: the refrigerant flows out of the compressor and flows through the condenser, the heating distributor, the battery pack, the cooling distributor, the condensing pressure control valve, the liquid reservoir, the thermal expansion valve, the evaporator and the gas-liquid separator in sequence, and returns to the compressor, thus circulating.

[0011] As an optional technical solution of a direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the solenoid valve group includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve and a fourth solenoid valve, the two ends of the first solenoid valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid reservoir, the two ends of the second solenoid valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the heating distributor, the two ends of the third solenoid valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator and the heating distributor, and the two ends of the fourth solenoid valve are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid reservoir and the refrigerant inlet of the thermal expansion valve;

[0012] The one-way valve group includes a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, the refrigerant inlet of the first one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid accumulator, the refrigerant outlet of the first one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the electronic expansion valve, the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condensing pressure control valve, and the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid accumulator.

[0013] As an optional technical solution of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes an oil separator, which is located between the condenser and the compressor.

[0014] As an optional technical solution for the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system also includes a sensor assembly, which is located downstream of the liquid reservoir and upstream of the first one-way valve and the fourth solenoid valve.

[0015] As an optional technical solution of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a drying filter, which is located between the liquid reservoir and the sensor assembly.

[0016] As an optional technical solution of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a sight glass, which is located between the drying filter and the sensor assembly.

[0017] As an optional technical solution of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a first ball valve, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the electronic expansion valve and the refrigeration distributor.

[0018] As an optional technical solution for the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system also includes a second ball valve, one end of which is connected to the heating distributor, and the other end of the second ball valve is respectively connected to the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve.

[0019] As an optional technical solution of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a first fan and a second fan, the first fan is located at the condenser, and the second fan is located at the evaporator.

[0020] As an optional technical solution for the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, the first blower and the second blower are both fans.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0022] The direct cooling and heating thermal management system provided by this utility model includes a compressor, a condenser, a solenoid valve assembly, a check valve assembly, a liquid reservoir, an electronic expansion valve, a condensing pressure control valve, a cooling distributor, a battery pack, a heating distributor, a thermal expansion valve, an evaporator, and a gas-liquid separator. By selectively opening or closing the solenoid valve assembly and the check valve assembly, the direct cooling and heating thermal management system operates as either a direct cooling system or a direct heating system, making switching between the two systems simple and cost-effective. In a direct cooling system, a gas-liquid separator separates the refrigerant into gas and liquid. The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by a compressor into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant before being discharged. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant then enters the condenser, where it condenses and dissipates heat, becoming a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant that flows into the liquid reservoir. The medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by an electronic expansion valve to form a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is evenly distributed to the various battery cold plates in the battery pack via a cooling distributor. After absorbing the heat generated by the batteries in the battery pack, it returns to the gas-liquid separator via a heating distributor to complete the cycle. First, the battery cold plates exchange heat through the two-phase region of the refrigerant. Second, the cooling distributor evenly distributes the refrigerant to the cold plates of each battery. The heating distributor controls the outlet superheat of the battery cold plates, resulting in a direct cooling system with high heat exchange efficiency, high operational stability, and good battery temperature uniformity. In a direct heating system, a gas-liquid separator separates the refrigerant into gas and liquid. The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by a compressor into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant before being discharged. This high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, where it is moderately cooled. After being evenly distributed to the battery cold plates in the battery pack via a heating distributor, it condenses and dissipates heat through the battery cold plates, heating the batteries in the battery pack and transforming into medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant. This medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant then flows through the cooling distributor, into the condensing pressure control valve, and then into the liquid reservoir. From the reservoir, it flows through the thermal expansion valve into the evaporator, where it evaporates, absorbs heat, and flows back to the gas-liquid separator. First, the condenser moderately cools the high-temperature refrigerant, preventing it from overheating before entering the battery cold plates. Second, the heating distributor evenly distributes the refrigerant to the battery cold plates, improving battery temperature uniformity. Third, the cooling distributor controls the degree of overheating at the outlet of the battery cold plates. Finally, the thermal expansion valve throttles and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator, enhancing the safety of the direct heating system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a refrigeration cycle circuit of the refrigerant of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a heating circulation loop of the refrigerant of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system provided by the embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] In the picture:

[0027] 1. Compressor; 2. Oil separator; 3. Condenser; 4. Liquid reservoir; 5. Dry filter; 6. Liquid sight glass; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Temperature sensor; 9. Refrigeration distributor; 10. Battery pack; 11. Heating distributor; 12. Evaporator; 13. Gas-liquid separator; 14. First solenoid valve; 15. Second solenoid valve; 16. Third solenoid valve; 17. Fourth solenoid valve; 18. First check valve; 19. Second check valve; 20. Electronic expansion valve; 21. Thermal expansion valve; 22. First ball valve; 23. Second ball valve; 24. First fan; 25. Second fan; 26. Condensing pressure control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0031] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0032] The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system provided in this embodiment has high heat exchange efficiency, high system operation stability and safety, and good battery temperature uniformity.

[0033] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system includes a compressor 1, a condenser, a solenoid valve assembly, a check valve assembly, a liquid reservoir, an electronic expansion valve 20, a condensing pressure control valve 26, a cooling distributor 9, a battery pack 10, a heating distributor 11, a thermal expansion valve 21, an evaporator 12, and a gas-liquid separator 13. By selectively opening or closing the solenoid valve assembly and the check valve assembly, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system operates as a direct cooling system or a direct heating system, respectively. In the direct cooling system, refrigerant flows from the compressor 1 and flows sequentially through the condenser, the liquid reservoir, the electronic expansion valve 20, the cooling distributor 9, the battery pack 10, the heating distributor 11, and the gas-liquid separator 13, before returning to the compressor 1, thus completing the cycle. In the direct heating system, refrigerant flows from the compressor 1 and flows sequentially through the condenser, the heating distributor 11, the battery pack 10, the cooling distributor 9, the condensing pressure control valve 26, the liquid reservoir, the thermal expansion valve 21, the evaporator 12, and the gas-liquid separator 13, before returning to the compressor 1, thus completing the cycle.

[0034] Based on the above design, in the direct cooling system, the gas-liquid separator 13 separates the gas and liquid phases of the refrigerant. The low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and discharged. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, where it condenses and dissipates heat to become a medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which flows into the liquid reservoir. The medium-temperature, high-pressure liquid refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the electronic expansion valve 20 to form a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. The gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is evenly distributed to the various battery cold plates in the battery pack 10 through the cooling distributor 9. After absorbing the heat generated by the batteries in the battery pack 10, it returns to the gas-liquid separator 13 through the heating distributor 11 to complete the cycle. In this direct cooling system, first, the battery cold plates can undergo two-phase heat exchange with the refrigerant. Second, the cooling distributor 9 can evenly distribute the refrigerant to the cold plates of each battery, and the heating distributor 11 can also control the outlet superheat of the battery cold plates. This makes the direct cooling system have high heat exchange efficiency, high operational stability, and good battery temperature uniformity. In the direct heating system, the gas-liquid separator 13 separates the gas and liquid of the refrigerant. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and discharged. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser, and after being moderately cooled in the condenser, it is evenly distributed to each battery cold plate in the battery pack 10 through the heating distributor 11. The refrigerant after initial cooling is condensed and dissipated through the battery cold plate to heat the batteries in the battery pack 10, and becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant then enters the condensing pressure control valve 26 through the cooling distributor 9 and then enters the liquid reservoir. Then, it flows from the liquid reservoir through the thermal expansion valve 21 into the evaporator 12 to evaporate, absorb heat, and return to the gas-liquid separator 13. First, the condenser can moderately cool the high-temperature refrigerant to prevent overheating of the refrigerant entering the battery cold plate; second, the heating distributor 11 can evenly distribute the refrigerant to the cold plates of each battery, improving the temperature uniformity of the battery; third, the cooling distributor 9 controls the outlet superheat of the battery cold plate; and third, the thermal expansion valve 21 throttles and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant before it enters the evaporator 12, improving the safety of the direct heating system.

[0035] In this embodiment, the solenoid valve group includes a first solenoid valve 14, a second solenoid valve 15, a third solenoid valve 16 and a fourth solenoid valve 17. The two ends of the first solenoid valve 14 are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid accumulator, the two ends of the second solenoid valve 15 are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the heating distributor 11, the two ends of the third solenoid valve 16 are respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator 13 and the heating distributor 11, and the two ends of the fourth solenoid valve 17 are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid accumulator and the refrigerant inlet of the thermal expansion valve 21; the one-way valve group includes a first one-way valve 18 and a second one-way valve 19. The refrigerant inlet of the first one-way valve 18 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid accumulator, the refrigerant outlet of the first one-way valve 18 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the electronic expansion valve 20, the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve 19 is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condensing pressure control valve 26, and the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve 19 is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid accumulator. Figure 2 It is a refrigeration cycle loop for the refrigerant, forming a direct cooling system. Specifically, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the condenser, the first solenoid valve 14, the liquid reservoir, the first one-way valve 18, the electronic expansion valve 20, the cooling distributor 9, the battery pack 10, the heating distributor 11, the third solenoid valve 16 and the gas-liquid separator 13 in sequence. Finally, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 to complete the cycle. Figure 3 It is a heating circulation loop of the refrigerant, forming a direct heating system. Specifically, the refrigerant flows through the compressor 1, the condenser, the second solenoid valve 15, the heating distributor 11, the battery pack 10, the cooling distributor 9, the condensing pressure control valve 26, the second one-way valve 19, the liquid reservoir, the fourth solenoid valve 17, the thermal expansion valve 21, the evaporator 12 and the gas-liquid separator 13 in sequence. Finally, the refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 to complete the cycle.

[0036] In order to increase the heat exchange effect of the condenser and the evaporator 12 , the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a first fan 24 and a second fan 25 . The first fan 24 is located at the condenser, and the second fan 25 is located at the evaporator 12 .

[0037] In this embodiment, the first blower 24 and the second blower 25 are both fans.

[0038] Optionally, in order to be suitable for an oil-containing compressor 1 , the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes an oil separator 2 , which is located between the condenser and the compressor 1 .

[0039] Optionally, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a sensor assembly, which is located downstream of the liquid reservoir and upstream of the first one-way valve 18 and the fourth solenoid valve 17 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the sensor assembly includes a pressure sensor 7 and a temperature sensor 8. The pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8 are connected. In a direct cooling system, the pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8 can detect the condensing pressure and temperature of the refrigerant, thereby converting the pre-throttling subcooling degree. In a direct heating system, the pressure sensor 7 and the temperature sensor 8 can detect the outlet pressure and temperature of the battery cold plate, thereby converting the superheat degree.

[0041] Furthermore, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a drying filter 5, which is located between the liquid reservoir and the sensor assembly and is used to filter the refrigerant to protect the sensor assembly.

[0042] Furthermore, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a liquid sight glass 6, which is located between the drying filter 5 and the sensor assembly to further protect the sensor assembly.

[0043] Optionally, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further includes a first ball valve 22, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the electronic expansion valve 20 and the refrigeration distributor 9, thereby improving the control of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system.

[0044] Optionally, the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system also includes a second ball valve 23, one end of the second ball valve 23 is connected to the heating distributor 11, and the other end of the second ball valve 23 is respectively connected to the second solenoid valve 15 and the third solenoid valve 16, thereby improving the control of the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system.

[0045] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system, characterized by: The invention comprises a compressor (1), a condenser, a solenoid valve group, a one-way valve group, a liquid reservoir, an electronic expansion valve (20), a condensing pressure control valve (26), a refrigeration distributor (9), a battery group (10), a heating distributor (11), a thermal expansion valve (21), an evaporator (12) and a gas-liquid separator (13); the solenoid valve group and the one-way valve group are selectively opened or closed, and the direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system respectively operates a direct cooling system or a direct heating system; in: The direct cooling system: the refrigerant flows out of the compressor (1) and sequentially flows through the condenser, the liquid reservoir, the electronic expansion valve (20), the cooling distributor (9), the battery pack (10), the heating distributor (11) and the gas-liquid separator (13), and returns to the compressor (1), thereby circulating; The direct heating system: the refrigerant flows out of the compressor (1) and flows through the condenser, the heating distributor (11), the battery pack (10), the cooling distributor (9), the condensing pressure control valve (26), the liquid storage tank, the thermal expansion valve (21), the evaporator (12) and the gas-liquid separator (13) in sequence, and returns to the compressor (1), thus circulating.

2. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solenoid valve group comprises a first solenoid valve (14), a second solenoid valve (15), a third solenoid valve (16) and a fourth solenoid valve (17), wherein two ends of the first solenoid valve (14) are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the refrigerant inlet of the liquid accumulator, two ends of the second solenoid valve (15) are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condenser and the heating distributor (11), two ends of the third solenoid valve (16) are respectively connected to the refrigerant inlet of the gas-liquid separator (13) and the heating distributor (11), and two ends of the fourth solenoid valve (17) are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid accumulator and the refrigerant inlet of the thermal expansion valve (21); The one-way valve group includes a first one-way valve (18) and a second one-way valve (19), the refrigerant inlet of the first one-way valve (18) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the liquid accumulator, the refrigerant outlet of the first one-way valve (18) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the electronic expansion valve (20), the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve (19) is connected to the refrigerant outlet of the condensing pressure control valve (26), and the refrigerant outlet of the second one-way valve (19) is connected to the refrigerant inlet of the liquid accumulator.

3. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises an oil separator (2), and the oil separator (2) is located between the condenser and the compressor (1).

4. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a sensor assembly, which is located downstream of the liquid reservoir and upstream of the first one-way valve (18) and the fourth solenoid valve (17).

5. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a drying filter (5), and the drying filter (5) is located between the liquid reservoir and the sensor assembly.

6. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a sight glass (6), wherein the sight glass (6) is located between the drying filter (5) and the sensor assembly.

7. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a first ball valve (22), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the refrigerant outlet of the electronic expansion valve (20) and the refrigeration distributor (9).

8. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a second ball valve (23), one end of the second ball valve (23) is connected to the heating distributor (11), and the other end of the second ball valve (23) is respectively connected to the second solenoid valve (15) and the third solenoid valve (16).

9. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system further comprises a first fan (24) and a second fan (25), wherein the first fan (24) is located at the condenser, and the second fan (25) is located at the evaporator (12).

10. The direct cooling and direct heating thermal management system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first blower (24) and the second blower (25) are both fans.

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