Carbon dioxide capturing system of shipborne fire extinguishing system

Abstract

The utility model provides a carbon dioxide capture system of a shipborne fire extinguishing system. The carbon dioxide capture system is used for supplementing carbon dioxide to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The carbon dioxide capture system comprises a carbon dioxide collection pipeline, a carbon dioxide absorption tower, a carbon dioxide separation tower, a carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system, a liquid carbon dioxide storage container and a pressurization heat exchange system. The device can capture carbon dioxide of waste gas exhausted by a main engine and an auxiliary engine and supplement the carbon dioxide to a shipborne fire extinguishing system, so that not only is the environmental protection performance of a ship improved, but also the safety performance and economic benefits of the ship are enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to ship fire fighting, concretely relates to a shipborne fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capture system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the carbon capture system is added to the ship for capturing and storing the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of the main engine and auxiliary engine on the ship, and has been preliminarily applied under the green and environmental protection trend. The captured carbon dioxide can only be stored in the C-shaped storage tank arranged on the ship through compression and liquefaction unit, and is not effectively utilized.

[0003] The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system on the ship has the problem of cylinder leakage, and cannot be effectively supplemented during the normal navigation of the ship, and can only replace the cylinder after the ship is docked.

[0004] Carbon dioxide capture system

[0005] The carbon dioxide capture system separates, purifies and stores the exhaust gas generated by the combustion device such as the main engine, auxiliary engine and boiler on the ship, reduces the amount of carbon dioxide discharged into the atmosphere, and realizes green emission reduction.

[0006] The technical route of carbon capture mainly includes five main technical routes of chemical absorption method, physical absorption method, membrane separation method, adsorption method and low-temperature distillation method. Considering the factors of capture efficiency, technical maturity, cost energy consumption and equipment compactness, the chemical absorption method is currently recognized as the mainstream technical route in the field of ship carbon capture.

[0007] The key components include: absorption tower, separation tower, compression system, liquefaction system, storage tank; auxiliary components: pump, control system, heat exchanger.

[0008] Marine carbon dioxide extinguishing system

[0009] At room temperature, carbon dioxide is a colorless gas, and its density is 1.5 times that of air, so it can sink and cover the surface of the combustion material, isolating the flame and air. Because the time of isolating air is short, carbon dioxide can only extinguish the surface flame, and carbon dioxide must be matched with water to extinguish the fire. At the same time, carbon dioxide also has a certain cooling effect, especially suitable for fire caused by flammable liquid.

[0010] The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is widely used in the engine room, boiler room, auxiliary engine room, cargo hold and cargo pump room of various ships. In the cabin where the fire occurs, if 28.5% of the cabin volume is sprayed into carbon dioxide gas, the oxygen content in the cabin can be immediately reduced to less than 15%, thereby effectively controlling the fire.

[0011] The carbon dioxide used for fire extinguishing on the ship is stored by high-pressure steel cylinders. After a fire alarm occurs, the release valve is opened to start the steel cylinder to release carbon dioxide to the fire area.

[0012] Current relationship between carbon capture systems and carbon dioxide extinguishing systems on board ships

[0013] Currently, the carbon dioxide capture system of the ship is independent of the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The captured carbon dioxide is only considered for liquefied storage, and the application of the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is not considered. Practical new type

[0014] The patent is a system for capturing carbon dioxide on a ship to supplement the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, which realizes the effective use of captured carbon dioxide and effectively solves the problem of steel cylinder leakage of the ship carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0015] A carbon dioxide capture system of a shipborne fire extinguishing system, the carbon dioxide capture system is used to supplement carbon dioxide and supplement the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, the carbon dioxide capture system comprises:

[0016] A carbon dioxide collection pipeline is connected with the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline of the ship. The carbon dioxide collection pipeline is used to collect exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline. The collection port of the carbon dioxide collection pipeline in the main engine exhaust pipeline and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipeline is provided with an automatic soot scraping device;

[0017] A carbon dioxide absorption tower is connected with the carbon dioxide collection pipeline. The carbon dioxide absorption tower is used to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline to form a first product;

[0018] A carbon dioxide separation tower is connected with the carbon dioxide absorption tower. The carbon dioxide separation tower is used to treat the first product to separate the carbon dioxide in the first product to form a second product;

[0019] A carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system is connected with the carbon dioxide separation tower. The carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system is used to sequentially purify and liquefy the second product and finally form liquefied carbon dioxide;

[0020] A liquid carbon dioxide storage container is connected with the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system. The liquid carbon dioxide storage container is used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide. The internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is 7-8 bar, and the temperature is-60℃;

[0021] The pressurizing and heat exchanging system is connected with the liquid carbon dioxide storage container, and the liquid carbon dioxide delivered by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container is pressurized to 150-240 bar and heated by the pressurizing and heat exchanging system in sequence, and then the gaseous carbon dioxide gas is supplemented to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system.

[0022] Further, the automatic soot scraping device comprises a scraper and a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the scraper to reciprocate at the collection port to scrape the soot particles attached to the surface of the collection port.

[0023] Further, the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system comprises a dynamic supplementing controller and a plurality of storage cylinders, each storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge and an electromagnetic valve connected with the dynamic supplementing controller, and the dynamic supplementing controller controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve according to the pressure in each storage cylinder to supplement the carbon dioxide.

[0024] Further, the pressurizing and heat exchanging system comprises a pressurizing pump and a heat exchanging chamber, the heat exchanging chamber is provided with a carbon dioxide delivery pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline, the seawater pipeline is connected with seawater through a water pump, and the seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide delivered in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline.

[0025] A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline.

[0026] Further, the carbon dioxide absorption tower is also provided with a carbon smoke gas discharge pipeline.

[0027] The advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0028] 1. The effective utilization of captured carbon dioxide is realized, the influence on the environment is reduced, and the ship operation cost is reduced.

[0029] 2. Through the dynamic supplementing controller and the pressurizing and heat exchanging system, the steel cylinders of the carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system can be supplemented in time during the navigation process, and the safety of the ship is improved.

[0030] 3. The chemical absorption method is adopted as the main technical route, the high efficiency and maturity of carbon capture are ensured, and the energy consumption and equipment volume are reduced.

[0031] 4. Through the pressurizing and heat exchanging system, the liquid carbon dioxide reaches the appropriate pressure and temperature before being supplemented to the fire extinguishing system, and the fire extinguishing effect is ensured.

[0032] 5. The carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system is provided with an additional number of empty steel cylinders, the additional number of empty steel cylinders is supplemented during navigation, and is replaced by empty steel cylinders after arrival, and economic benefits are generated.

[0033] The shipborne fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capturing system provided by the utility model has the advantages of high environmental protection performance, high safety performance and high economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a kind of shipborne fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capturing system's principle diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In the following description, a large number of specific details are given to provide a more complete understanding of the utility model. However, it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the utility model can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the utility model, some technical features known in the art are not described.

[0037] In order to thoroughly understand the utility model, detailed steps and detailed structures will be proposed in the following description in order to explain the technical solutions of the utility model. The preferred embodiments of the utility model are described in detail as follows, however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the utility model can also have other implementation manners.

[0038] Referring to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the utility model provides a kind of shipborne fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capturing system, carbon dioxide capturing system 100 is used to supplement carbon dioxide and supplement to shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200.Carbon dioxide capturing system 100 includes carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110, carbon dioxide absorption tower 120, carbon dioxide separation tower 130, carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140, liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150, booster heat exchange system 160, the function of these modules is specifically described below.

[0039] The carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 is connected to the main engine exhaust pipe 111 and auxiliary engine exhaust pipe 112 of the ship. The carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 is used to collect the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipe 111 and auxiliary engine exhaust pipe 112. The collection port of the carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 located in the main engine exhaust pipe 111 and auxiliary engine exhaust pipe 112 is provided with an automatic soot scraping device. The particles in the exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipe 111 and auxiliary engine exhaust pipe 112 can adhere to the surface of the collection port. The automatic soot scraping device can be started regularly to remove these particles by mechanical scraping or high-pressure gas purging. In this way, the collection port can be kept unobstructed, ensuring that the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas can be effectively collected. The collected exhaust gas is then guided into the carbon dioxide absorption tower 120.

[0040] The carbon dioxide absorption tower 120 is connected to the carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110. The carbon dioxide absorption tower 120 is used to absorb the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline 110 to form a first product. The carbon dioxide absorption tower 120 is designed to absorb the carbon dioxide in the carbon-containing flue gas from the smoke outlet, while emitting treated flue gas and waste liquid.

[0041] The carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is used to treat the first product and separate the carbon dioxide in the first product to form a second product. The carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is internally provided with multiple separation layers, each equipped with a dedicated separation device. These devices can be chemical absorbents, physical adsorbents, or membrane separation technology, and the appropriate separation method is selected according to different exhaust gas compositions and required purity. During the separation process, the first product is first introduced into the uppermost layer of the separation tower, and through contact with the separation device, carbon dioxide is selectively adsorbed or permeated, while other gases are discharged. To ensure efficient operation of the entire system, the carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is also equipped with an automatic monitoring and adjustment system. This system can monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate in the separation tower in real time, and automatically adjust operating conditions as needed to optimize separation efficiency and ensure stable operation of the system. In addition, the system is also provided with safety devices such as pressure relief valves and emergency shutdown mechanisms to respond to any abnormal situations that may occur, ensuring the safety of operating personnel and equipment.

[0042] The carbon dioxide separated by the carbon dioxide separation tower 130 is then transported to the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 for further purification and liquefaction. The purification system can include steps such as condensation, compression, and rectification to ensure the purity of the carbon dioxide meets industrial or environmental standards. To facilitate storage, the purified carbon dioxide is further liquefied. In the liquefaction system, the carbon dioxide gas is first cooled to a liquid state through a condensation step. This process is usually carried out under high pressure to improve condensation efficiency. Subsequently, the liquid carbon dioxide is introduced into a compressor for further compression to achieve a higher pressure, thereby reducing its volume for easy storage and transportation.

[0043] To ensure the efficiency and stability of the entire purification-liquefaction process, the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 is also equipped with an automatic monitoring and adjustment system. This system can monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate in real time during the purification and liquefaction process, and automatically adjust the operating conditions based on real-time data. For example, in the condensation step, the system will automatically adjust the flow rate and temperature of the coolant according to the temperature and pressure changes of the carbon dioxide gas to ensure that the carbon dioxide gas can be efficiently condensed into a liquid state. In the compression step, the system will monitor the operating state of the compressor and the outlet pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide, and automatically adjust the speed and pressure setting of the compressor to ensure the stability and efficiency of the compression process. In addition, the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system 140 is also equipped with multiple safety monitoring points to monitor potential safety risks in real time. For example, the system will detect the vibration and temperature of the compressor to prevent equipment failure and overheating. When abnormal conditions are detected, the system will automatically activate safety devices such as emergency shutdown mechanisms and pressure relief valves to quickly respond and prevent accidents.

[0044] The liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide, and the preferred liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is a pressure-resistant steel cylinder. The internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is 7-8 bar, and the temperature is -60°C. The liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is equipped with a series of safety valves and pressure regulating devices to ensure safety and stability during storage. During storage, the system continuously monitors the pressure and temperature inside the container to prevent overpressure or overcooling from causing damage to the container. In addition, the storage container 150 is also equipped with an advanced leak detection system that can detect any potential leakage problems in the first time and notify the operator through an automatic alarm system for processing. At the same time, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is also equipped with a quick connection and disconnection interface, making the transfer and use of liquid carbon dioxide simple and fast.

[0045] To further enhance the overall efficiency and safety of the system, the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is also connected to a central control system. This system is capable of collecting and analyzing data from various detection points in real-time, intelligently monitoring and managing the entire process of liquid carbon dioxide storage and usage. Through this centralized control method, the operator can easily grasp the running state of the system and make remote adjustments or interventions when necessary, ensuring the efficient and safe operation of the entire system.

[0046] The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150, and the liquid carbon dioxide transported by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container 150 is pressurized to 150-240 bar and heated by the pressurized heat exchange system 160, and then supplemented to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 through a one-way valve. In the pressurized heat exchange system 160, the liquid carbon dioxide is first pressurized by a high-efficiency pump to ensure that its pressure reaches the range of 150 to 240 bar. Subsequently, the carbon dioxide enters a heat exchanger, where it is heated to the appropriate temperature to meet the needs of the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200. The entire process is managed by a precise control system to ensure stable temperature and pressure, avoiding any extreme conditions that could damage the system.

[0047] The pressurized heat exchange system 160 is also equipped with multiple temperature sensors, and a control valve is provided at the output end of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline. The temperature of different parts of the carbon dioxide delivery pipeline is monitored in real time by the temperature sensors, and the control valve is only opened to deliver gaseous carbon dioxide to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 when the internal temperature reaches the preset value. In addition, the pressurized heat exchange system 160 is also designed with an emergency shutdown function, which can immediately cut off the supply of liquid carbon dioxide in the event of a serious failure, preventing potential dangers.

[0048] The carbon dioxide output end of the pressurized heat exchange system 160 is connected to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 through a one-way valve, ensuring one-way flow of carbon dioxide gas and avoiding any possible backflow, thereby ensuring the reliability and effectiveness of the fire extinguishing system. The design of the one-way valve also prevents high-pressure gas in the fire extinguishing system from entering the pressurized heat exchange system in the opposite direction, thereby protecting the safety of the entire system.

[0049] In summary, the pressurized heat exchange system 160 not only improves the delivery efficiency of liquid carbon dioxide, but also ensures the stable operation of the entire system through a series of safety measures, providing reliable support for the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the pressurized heating system includes a pressurizing pump 161 and a heat exchange chamber 162, the heat exchange chamber 162 is provided with a carbon dioxide conveying pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline, the seawater pipeline is connected to seawater through a water pump, and seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with carbon dioxide conveyed in the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline; a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the output end of the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline.

[0051] The shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200 includes a dynamic replenishment controller and a plurality of storage cylinders 210, each storage cylinder is provided with a pressure gauge and an electromagnetic valve connected to the dynamic replenishment controller, and the dynamic replenishment controller controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve to replenish carbon dioxide according to the pressure in each storage cylinder.

[0052] Under the control of the dynamic replenishment controller, the amount of carbon dioxide in each storage cylinder can be accurately managed, ensuring that the fire extinguishing system is always in the best working condition. In addition, the system also includes an emergency discharge valve for quickly releasing pressure when the pressure abnormally rises to prevent the cylinder from exploding due to excessive pressure. In order to further improve the safety performance of the system, each storage cylinder is also equipped with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature change in the cylinder in real time. Once an abnormal temperature is detected, the system will automatically start cooling measures to avoid the danger caused by the excessively high temperature.

[0053] In the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200, a plurality of pressure sensors are also arranged at key positions of the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline to monitor the pressure state of the entire system. These pressure sensors are connected to the dynamic replenishment controller, and once an abnormal pressure is found, the controller will immediately adjust the opening and closing state of the electromagnetic valve to maintain the system pressure within a safe range, while controlling the storage amount of carbon dioxide in the storage cylinder. In addition, the system is also designed with an automatic alarm device that will immediately issue an alarm to remind the crew to take corresponding measures once an abnormal pressure or temperature is detected.

[0054] In order to ensure the efficient operation of the fire extinguishing system, an intelligent diagnosis system can also be used to automatically analyze the running state of the system according to the changes of pressure, temperature and other parameters, and predict possible problems. Through the intelligent diagnosis system, potential faults can be found in advance, so that timely maintenance and repair can be carried out to ensure the long-term stable operation of the fire extinguishing system.

[0055] Through the cooperative work of the above-mentioned modules, the carbon dioxide capture system 100 can effectively extract carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas of the ship and supplement it to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system 200, thereby realizing the recycling of carbon dioxide resources, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the efficiency and sustainability of the fire extinguishing system.

[0056] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described above. It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, wherein the devices and structures not described in detail should be understood as being implemented in the ordinary way in the art; any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical scheme of the present application, can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical scheme of the present application by using the disclosed methods and technical contents, or modify it into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which does not affect the essential content of the present application. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the content of the technical scheme of the present application, still belongs to the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A marine carbon dioxide capture system for replenishing carbon dioxide to a marine carbon dioxide extinguishing system (200), the carbon dioxide capture system (100) for replenishing carbon dioxide and replenishing to a marine carbon dioxide extinguishing system (200) characterized by, The carbon dioxide capture system (100) comprises: A carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) connected to a main engine exhaust pipe (111) and an auxiliary engine exhaust pipe (112) of a ship, the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) being used to collect exhaust gas discharged from the main engine exhaust pipe (111) and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipe (112), and the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) being provided with an automatic soot scraping device at a collection port in the main engine exhaust pipe (111) and the auxiliary engine exhaust pipe (112). A carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) connected to the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110), the carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) being used to absorb carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas collected by the carbon dioxide collection pipeline (110) to form a first product. A carbon dioxide separation tower (130) connected to the carbon dioxide absorption tower (120), the carbon dioxide separation tower (130) being used to treat the first product to separate carbon dioxide in the first product to form a second product. A carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140) connected to the carbon dioxide separation tower (130), the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140) being used to sequentially purify and liquefy the second product to finally form liquefied carbon dioxide. A liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) connected to the carbon dioxide purification-liquefaction system (140), the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being used to temporarily store liquid carbon dioxide, the internal pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being 7-8 bar and the temperature being -60°C. A pressurization heat exchange system (160) connected to the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150), the liquid carbon dioxide delivered by the liquid carbon dioxide storage container (150) being sequentially pressurized to 150-240 bar and heat exchanged to increase the temperature after which gaseous carbon dioxide gas is supplemented to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200), the pressurization heat exchange system (160) being connected to the shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200) through a one-way valve.

2. A CO2 capture system for a shipboard fire extinguishing system as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that, The automatic soot scraping device comprises a scraper and a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism being used to drive the scraper to reciprocally move at the collection port to scrape soot particles attached to the surface of the collection port.

3. A shipboard fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The shipborne carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system (200) comprises a dynamic supplementing controller and a plurality of storage cylinders (210), each of the storage cylinders (210) being provided with a pressure gauge and an electromagnetic valve connected to the dynamic supplementing controller, and the dynamic supplementing controller controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valves according to the pressure in each of the storage cylinders (210) to supplement carbon dioxide.

4. A shipboard fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capture system as claimed in claim 3, wherein, The pressurized heat exchange system (160) comprises a pressurizing pump (161) and a heat exchange chamber (162), the heat exchange chamber (162) is provided with a carbon dioxide conveying pipeline and a circulating seawater pipeline, the seawater pipeline is connected with seawater through a water pump, and the seawater circulating in the circulating seawater pipeline exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide conveyed in the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline. A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline, and a control valve is arranged at the output end of the carbon dioxide conveying pipeline.

5. A shipboard fire extinguishing system carbon dioxide capture system as claimed in claim 4, wherein, The carbon dioxide absorption tower (120) is further provided with a carbon smoke gas discharge pipeline.

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