Plate assembly, cooking utensil and cooking equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plate assembly, a cooking utensil and cooking equipment. The plate assembly comprises a base plate layer, and the base plate layer comprises a metal material; the transition layer is arranged on at least part of the surface of the metal material; the titanium layer is arranged on at least part of the surface, away from the substrate layer, of the transition layer, at least part of the surface of one side of the titanium layer is provided with a plurality of concave-convex structures, and the thickness of the titanium layer is smaller than the height of the concave-convex structures in the thickness direction of the substrate layer. The plate assembly disclosed by the utility model has the characteristics of titanium biocompatibility, health, no toxicity and the like, meanwhile, the preparation cost is reduced, and the plate assembly is easy to process and form. Meanwhile, the problem that the transition layer and the titanium layer are prone to falling off from the base plate layer can be avoided, the titanium layer is not prone to being abraded in the using process, the service life of the plate assembly is prolonged, and the antibacterial performance of the plate assembly is improved. In addition, the plate assembly with the concave-convex structure further has the anti-sticking and wear-resisting effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of household appliance technology, specifically relating to a sheet metal assembly, a cooking utensil, and a cooking device. Background Art

[0002] With people's increasing awareness of healthy eating, the demand for rice cookers (pots) with uncoated inner pots has increased significantly. Uncoated inner pots are mainly classified by material as: metal inner pots, graphite inner pots, glass inner pots, and ceramic inner pots.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used inner pots are made of stainless steel or stainless steel composite inner pots. Their advantages include wear and scratch resistance, ease of cleaning, and resistance to corrosion. However, stainless steel contains elements such as chromium, cadmium, nickel, and manganese, which pose a risk of leaching harmful substances into food under prolonged high temperatures, especially in acidic or alkaline cooking environments. Cast iron inner pots are relatively safe and conform to traditional cookware material preferences; however, they require more maintenance and are more prone to rust if used improperly. Graphite, glass, and ceramic inner pots all have the problem of being fragile and easily cracked.

[0004] Titanium is increasingly used in tableware, kitchenware, and cookware due to its biocompatibility and non-toxic, harmless antibacterial properties. However, the high price of raw titanium and its difficulty in processing it result in high costs for titanium inner pots, hindering their widespread adoption. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a plate assembly, cooking utensil, and cooking equipment to reduce the manufacturing cost of the antibacterial inner pot, facilitate its processing and molding, avoid the problem of the transition layer and titanium layer easily detaching from the substrate layer, prevent the titanium layer from being easily worn during use, and extend the service life and antibacterial performance of the cooking utensil.

[0006] In one aspect, this utility model provides a sheet metal assembly. According to an embodiment of this utility model, the sheet metal assembly includes:

[0007] A substrate layer, the substrate layer comprising a metallic material;

[0008] A transition layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the metallic material;

[0009] A titanium layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the transition layer away from the substrate layer; wherein at least a portion of the surface of the titanium layer on one side has a plurality of uneven structures, and the thickness of the titanium layer is less than the height of the uneven structures in the thickness direction of the substrate layer.

[0010] According to the embodiments of this utility model, the sheet metal assembly has a titanium layer only on its surface. This gives the assembly the biocompatibility, health benefits, and non-toxicity of titanium, while significantly reducing the amount of titanium material used, lowering the cost of the titanium sheet metal assembly, and making it easier to process and shape. Simultaneously, the uneven surface structure of the titanium layer ensures strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer. This prevents the transition layer and titanium layer from easily detaching from the substrate layer, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use, extending the service life and antibacterial properties of the sheet metal assembly. Furthermore, the sheet metal assembly with the uneven structure of this utility model also has anti-stick and wear-resistant effects.

[0011] In addition, the sheet metal assembly according to the above embodiments of this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0012] In some embodiments of this utility model, the height of the concave-convex structure is less than or equal to 5 μm; and / or, the concave-convex structure is a smooth wave shape.

[0013] In some embodiments of this invention, the dimension of a single convex-concave structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is 1μm-5μm.

[0014] In some embodiments of this invention, the thickness of the titanium layer is on the order of micrometers along the thickness direction of the substrate layer, and the thickness of the titanium layer is greater than the thickness of the transition layer.

[0015] In some embodiments of this invention, the transition layer is a chromium transition layer, a molybdenum transition layer, a nickel transition layer, a zirconium transition layer, or a tantalum transition layer.

[0016] In some embodiments of this invention, the ratio of the thickness of the titanium layer to the thickness of the substrate layer along the thickness direction of the substrate layer is less than or equal to 3:500.

[0017] In some embodiments of this utility model, the substrate layer includes a concave-convex structure, the substrate layer includes an aluminum layer and a stainless steel layer stacked sequentially, and the concave-convex structure of the substrate layer is disposed on the side of the stainless steel layer away from the aluminum layer; or, the substrate layer is an iron substrate layer, a stainless steel substrate layer, an aluminum substrate layer or a copper substrate layer.

[0018] In a second aspect, this utility model provides a cooking utensil. According to an embodiment of this utility model, the cooking utensil includes the sheet metal assembly described in the above embodiments. This allows the inner layer of the cooking utensil to possess the biocompatibility, health benefits, and non-toxicity of titanium, while also reducing the manufacturing cost of titanium cooking utensils and facilitating their processing. Simultaneously, it avoids the problem of the transition layer and titanium layer easily detaching from the substrate, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use and extending the service life of the cooking utensil. Furthermore, the inner layer of the cooking utensil of this utility model also has an anti-stick effect.

[0019] In addition, the cooking appliance according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0020] In some embodiments of this utility model, a container bottom wall and a container side wall are included, the container bottom wall and the container side wall are connected to form an accommodating space; the container bottom wall includes the plate assembly described in the above embodiments; and / or, the container side wall includes the plate assembly described in the above embodiments.

[0021] In a third aspect, this utility model provides a cooking apparatus. According to an embodiment of this utility model, the cooking apparatus has the cooking utensils described above. This cooking apparatus possesses all the features and advantages of the cooking utensils described above, which will not be repeated here. In general, it improves the wear resistance of the cooking apparatus, thereby extending its service life, while also improving its non-stick properties and reducing its cost.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a sheet metal assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the original surface morphology of the titanium-plated sample from Example 1.

[0026] Figure 3 The image shows the surface morphology of the titanium-plated specimen from Example 1 after 500 cycles of surface grinding.

[0027] Figure 4 The image shows the original surface morphology of the titanium-plated sample in Comparative Example 1.

[0028] Figure 5 The image shows the surface morphology of the titanium-plated specimen from Comparative Example 1 after 500 cycles of surface grinding.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 100 - Substrate layer, 101 - Undulated structure, 200 - Transition layer, 300 - Titanium layer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] This utility model was proposed by the inventor based on the following problem:

[0037] Among related technologies, titanium is increasingly used in tableware, kitchenware, and cookware due to its biocompatibility and non-toxic properties. However, the high price of titanium raw materials and the difficulty in processing them result in high costs for titanium inner pots, hindering their widespread adoption.

[0038] In one aspect, this utility model provides a sheet metal assembly. According to an embodiment of this utility model, refer to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 The sheet assembly includes: a substrate layer 100, comprising a metal material; a transition layer 200 disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the metal material; and a titanium layer 300 disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the transition layer 200 away from the substrate layer 100. The titanium layer 300 has at least a plurality of uneven structures 101 on one side of its surface, and the thickness of the titanium layer 300 is less than the height of the uneven structures 101 along the thickness direction of the substrate layer 100. Therefore, the sheet assembly of this invention only has a titanium layer on its surface, giving the sheet assembly the biocompatibility, health benefits, and non-toxicity of titanium, while significantly reducing the amount of titanium material used, lowering the cost of the titanium sheet assembly, and making it easier to process and form. Simultaneously, the uneven structure on the surface of the titanium layer enables strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer, thus preventing the transition layer and titanium layer from easily detaching from the substrate layer. This makes the titanium layer less prone to wear during use, extending the service life and antibacterial properties of the sheet assembly. In addition, the plate assembly with concave and convex structure of this utility model also has the effect of anti-sticking and wear resistance.

[0039] The principle behind the plate assembly proposed in this utility model that enables it to achieve the above-mentioned beneficial effects will be explained in detail below:

[0040] This invention provides a novel sheet metal assembly in which a transition layer and a titanium layer are sequentially disposed on the surface of a substrate layer. The substrate layer serves as the base material layer. The transition layer (also known as the titanium-plated underlayer) is disposed between the substrate layer and the titanium layer, enhancing the adhesion between the surface titanium layer and the substrate layer, thereby improving the quality, stability, and corrosion resistance of the titanium layer. The titanium layer, as the main functional layer of the sheet metal assembly, possesses biocompatibility and non-toxic properties, and is disposed on the surface of the transition layer away from the substrate layer. The sheet metal assembly only has a titanium layer on its surface, significantly saving titanium material, reducing the cost of the assembly, and facilitating processing and molding. To enhance the bonding force between the substrate layer, the transition layer, and the titanium layer, this invention incorporates a concave-convex structure, enabling strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer. This tight bonding prevents the transition layer and titanium layer from easily detaching from the substrate layer, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use and extending the service life of the sheet metal assembly.

[0041] Furthermore, the textured plate assembly of this invention also has an anti-stick effect. Specifically, in the later stages of cooking rice in a conventional uncoated metal inner pot, the rice water undergoes the Marangoni effect on the heated inner pot surface. This refers to mass transfer along the interface between two fluids due to the surface tension gradient at a certain temperature. When the heated inner pot transfers heat to the rice water, thermocapillary convection occurs between the hotter rice water and the cooler air, causing the rice water to spread outwards and leaving dry spots in the center. This results in rice grains sticking to the pot surface due to contact with large dry areas. The textured titanium inner pot surface of this invention, on the one hand, can retain trace amounts of rice water in the recesses, forming a durable water film, thus reducing its diffusion to some extent during thermocapillary action; on the other hand, the textured surface reduces the contact area between the rice and the inner pot surface. Therefore, the plate assembly of this invention has an anti-stick effect.

[0042] In the embodiments of this invention, the substrate layer also has an uneven structure. During the formation of the transition layer and the titanium layer on the surface of the uneven structure of the substrate layer, the transition layer and the titanium layer are formed according to the uneven structure of the substrate layer, that is, the final morphology is basically the same as before the formation of the transition layer. That is, the titanium layer is formed on the surface of the uneven transition layer, so the uneven structure of the titanium layer surface corresponds to the uneven structure of the substrate layer surface. At the same time, since the titanium layer is micrometer-thick, its surface conforms to the non-stick structure (i.e., uneven structure) of the substrate surface, thus having good non-stick properties.

[0043] In embodiments of this invention, the dimension h of the uneven structure on the surface of the titanium layer along the thickness direction (i.e., the Y direction) of the substrate layer is less than 5 μm, meaning the height h of the uneven structure is less than 5 μm. This ensures strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer, while also guaranteeing excellent non-stick properties for the board assembly. The inventors have discovered that if the height of the uneven structure is too high, excessive food residue will remain within it, making cleaning difficult and thus reducing the non-stick properties of the board assembly.

[0044] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the above-mentioned uneven structure is a smooth wave-like shape, that is, a smooth irregular uneven structure. This avoids the risk of cracking and detachment of the titanium layer and transition layer due to stress concentration at the sharp edges of the uneven structure. Furthermore, it promotes strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer, resulting in a tight bond between the three. This further prevents the transition layer and titanium layer from easily detaching from the substrate layer, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use, thereby further extending the service life of the plate assembly.

[0045] In the embodiments of this utility model, in order to ensure that the board assembly has a certain degree of non-stickiness and service life, a composite chemical treatment is performed on the surface of the substrate layer before the transition layer and titanium layer are formed on the uneven surface of the substrate layer to form a smooth wave-like shape (that is, a smooth uneven surface morphology with a special mountain structure).

[0046] In embodiments of this invention, chemical modification can be used to smooth the transition between the unevenness and concavity of the substrate layer, reduce the height difference between the uneven structure, and avoid sharp peaks. This prevents the titanium layer and transition layer from cracking and detaching due to stress concentration at the sharp unevenness of the substrate layer. Furthermore, chemical modification can remove oxides and embedded impurities from the surface of the uneven structure of the substrate layer, preventing film defects caused by foreign matter on the substrate surface during the coating process, thereby further improving the quality and stability of the titanium layer.

[0047] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the average height of the plurality of uneven structures on the surface of the titanium layer along the thickness direction of the substrate layer is 1.5μm-3.5μm, for example, it can be 1.5μm, 2μm, 2.5μm, 3μm, 3.5μm, etc. Therefore, by limiting the average height of the plurality of uneven structures along the thickness direction of the substrate layer to a suitable range, it is possible to further ensure strong adhesion between the substrate layer and the transition layer, and between the transition layer and the titanium layer, while further ensuring that the board assembly has excellent non-stick properties. Preferably, the average height of the plurality of uneven structures along the thickness direction of the substrate layer is 2μm-3μm.

[0048] It should be noted that the average height of multiple concave and convex structures along the thickness direction of the substrate layer refers to the average value of the heights of multiple concave and convex structures calculated within a sampling range of any unit square centimeter.

[0049] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the dimension k of a single uneven structure on the surface of the titanium layer along the width direction (i.e., the X direction) of the substrate layer is 1μm-5μm. By limiting the dimension of the single uneven structure along the width direction of the substrate layer to a suitable range, it is possible to further ensure that a strong adhesion is formed between the substrate layer and the transition layer, as well as between the transition layer and the titanium layer, and at the same time, it is possible to further ensure that the plate assembly has excellent non-stick properties.

[0050] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of the titanium layer along the thickness direction of the substrate layer is on the order of micrometers, and the thickness of the titanium layer is greater than the thickness of the transition layer. Specifically, the titanium layer, as the main functional layer of the titanium inner pot, has a thickness of 0.5μm-3μm, for example, it can be 0.5μm, 1μm, 1.5μm, 2μm, 2.5μm, 3μm, etc. By limiting the thickness of the titanium layer within the above range, on the one hand, it can ensure that a complete titanium layer is formed on the surface of the transition layer, thereby ensuring the performance of titanium metal as the functional layer of the titanium inner pot; on the other hand, it can also avoid the titanium film layer from cracking and peeling due to excessive film stress, and at the same time, it can also avoid increased costs. It should be noted that if the titanium layer thickness is too small, a complete titanium layer cannot be formed on the transition layer surface. This is because the longer the deposition time, the more titanium atoms nucleate and grow on the substrate surface, gradually forming a continuous film, and then columnar crystals. Only a titanium layer of a certain thickness can begin nucleation; discontinuous titanium layers cannot achieve the properties of titanium metal. However, if the titanium layer is too thick, on the one hand, the cost increases, and on the other hand, the stress in the titanium film increases, making the film prone to cracking and peeling. Preferably, the thickness of the titanium layer is 1μm-2μm.

[0051] In the embodiments of this utility model, the titanium content (wt%) in the titanium layer is ≥80%, and the target material used for vacuum ion plating is a pure titanium target with a purity of 99.9%. Depositing onto the substrate surface in a vacuum state can ensure the titanium content of the film layer. The higher the titanium content, the closer the film layer is to the performance of pure titanium.

[0052] In the embodiments of this utility model, the material of the transition layer is not particularly limited. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs, and can use a metal transition layer, a non-metal transition layer, or a transition layer formed by a mixture of multiple elements. As some preferred solutions, the transition layer can be a chromium transition layer, a molybdenum transition layer, a nickel transition layer, a zirconium transition layer, or a tantalum transition layer. The above-mentioned types of transition layers can further enhance the adhesion between the surface titanium layer and the substrate layer, thereby further improving the quality, stability, and corrosion resistance of the titanium layer.

[0053] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the thickness of the transition layer is 1nm-100nm, for example, it can be 1nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, etc. By limiting the thickness of the transition layer within the above range, the adhesion between the surface titanium layer and the substrate layer can be further enhanced, thereby further improving the quality, stability, and corrosion resistance of the titanium layer. Preferably, the thickness of the transition layer is 10nm-50nm.

[0054] In the embodiments of this utility model, the material of the substrate layer is not particularly limited. Those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs. A single-layer metal substrate layer can be used as some preferred solutions. The substrate layer can be an iron substrate layer, a stainless steel substrate layer, an aluminum substrate layer, or a copper substrate layer. A multi-layer metal composite substrate layer can also be used as some preferred solutions. The substrate layer includes a 430 stainless steel layer, an aluminum layer, and a 304 stainless steel layer stacked sequentially, and the uneven structure is disposed on the side of the 304 stainless steel layer away from the aluminum layer.

[0055] According to some specific embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of the thickness of the titanium layer to the thickness of the substrate layer along the thickness direction of the substrate layer is less than or equal to 3:500. Specifically, the thickness of the substrate layer is 0.5mm-5mm, for example, it can be 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 5mm, etc. By limiting the thickness of the substrate layer within the above range, it is beneficial to improve cooking efficiency. Preferably, the thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5mm-3.5mm.

[0056] In a second aspect, this utility model provides a cooking utensil. According to an embodiment of this utility model, the cooking utensil includes the sheet metal assembly described in the above embodiments. This allows the inner layer of the cooking utensil to possess the biocompatibility, health benefits, and non-toxicity of titanium, while also reducing the cost of titanium cooking utensils and making them easier to process and shape. Simultaneously, it avoids the problem of the transition layer and titanium layer easily detaching from the substrate layer, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use and extending the service life of the cooking utensil. Furthermore, the inner layer of the cooking utensil of this utility model also has an anti-stick effect.

[0057] According to some specific embodiments of this utility model, the cooking appliance includes a container bottom wall and a container side wall, which are connected to form a receiving space. Oil or water and food to be cooked can be placed in this receiving space. The container bottom wall includes a plate assembly as described in the above embodiments; and / or, the container side wall includes a plate assembly as described in the above embodiments. The food in the receiving space is cooked by heating the plate assembly of the cooking appliance. Since at least a portion of the bottom wall and / or at least a portion of the side wall of the cooking appliance uses the plate assembly of this utility model, the problem of the transition layer and titanium layer easily detaching from the substrate layer can be avoided, making the titanium layer less prone to wear during use and extending the service life of the cooking appliance. In addition, the inner layer of the cooking appliance of this utility model also has an anti-stick effect. It should be noted that the titanium layer is disposed on the side of the cooking appliance facing the food to be cooked.

[0058] According to embodiments of this utility model, the cooking utensil is selected from at least one of a wok, frying pan, stew pot, saucepan, rice cooker, and pressure cooker. When the cooking utensil is a rice cooker or pressure cooker, the raised and recessed layer is formed on the inner surface of the rice cooker or pressure cooker. This can satisfy most cooking needs. In addition to the structures described above, the cooking utensil may also include structures that conventional cooking utensil should possess. Taking a wok as an example, it may also include a handle, etc.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that the cooking appliance may further include a heating base, which includes a functional module that enables the heating element assembly to generate heat. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the functional module may be an electromagnetic induction coil, which can generate a magnetic field to induce eddy currents in the heating layer / or the heating element, thereby generating heat and cooking food or other items within the containment space.

[0060] In a third aspect, this utility model provides a cooking apparatus. According to an embodiment of this utility model, the cooking apparatus has the cooking utensils described above. This cooking apparatus possesses all the features and advantages of the cooking utensils described above, which will not be repeated here. In general, it improves the wear resistance of the cooking apparatus, thereby extending its service life, while also improving its non-stick properties and reducing its cost.

[0061] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. In addition, unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available or can be synthesized according to the methods described herein or known to others. For reaction conditions not listed, they are also readily available to those skilled in the art.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] This embodiment provides a sheet metal assembly, the preparation method of which includes:

[0064] (1) A composite substrate with a thickness of 2mm is provided, consisting of a 430 stainless steel layer, an aluminum layer, and a 304 stainless steel layer, wherein the thickness ratio of the 430 stainless steel layer, the aluminum layer, and the 304 stainless steel layer is 0.6:0.8:0.6. The inner surface of the composite substrate (i.e. the surface of the 304 stainless steel layer) is subjected to sandblasting roughening and electrolytic polishing treatment to form a smooth, uneven structure resembling a mountain range.

[0065] (2) Subsequently, degreasing and cleaning, and vacuum coating were performed. A multi-arc ion plating vacuum coating equipment was used, with 22 pure titanium targets as arc sources and one cylindrical zirconium target. The coating parameters are as follows:

[0066] Ion cleaning: Argon gas is introduced to maintain a vacuum of 0.01 Pa, Ar gas flow rate is 200 sccm, matrix bias voltage is 400 V, duty cycle is 70%, and ion bombardment is performed for 2 min.

[0067] Zirconium plating undercoat: Maintain a vacuum of 0.01 Pa, reduce the bias voltage to 150 V, set the duty cycle to 50%, target current to 160 A, operating temperature to 150 °C, and time to 2 min to form a 40 nm thick zirconium transition layer.

[0068] Titanium plating: 500 sccm of argon gas is introduced, the vacuum level is increased to 0.15 Pa, the bias voltage is 150 V, the duty cycle is 50%, the target current is 100 A, the working temperature is 150 ℃, and the time is 20 min to form a titanium layer with a thickness of 0.6 μm. The surface of the titanium layer has multiple concave and convex structures, the maximum height of which is 3.6 μm, the average height of multiple concave and convex structures is 2.6 μm, and the size of a single concave and convex structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is in the range of 2 μm-4 μm.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The preparation method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that:

[0071] The maximum height of the concave-convex structure is 2.8 μm, the average height of multiple concave-convex structures is 1.6 μm, and the size of a single concave-convex structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is in the range of 1 μm-3 μm.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] The preparation method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that:

[0074] The maximum height of the concave-convex structure is 3.2 μm, the average height of multiple concave-convex structures is 2 μm, and the size of a single concave-convex structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is in the range of 1 μm-3 μm.

[0075] Example 4

[0076] The preparation method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that:

[0077] The maximum height of the concave-convex structure is 4.2 μm, the average height of multiple concave-convex structures is 2.9 μm, and the size of a single concave-convex structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is in the range of 2 μm-4 μm.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The preparation method in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, except that:

[0080] The maximum height of the concave-convex structure is 4.8 μm, the average height of multiple concave-convex structures is 3.4 μm, and the size of a single concave-convex structure along the width direction of the substrate layer is in the range of 2 μm-5 μm.

[0081] Example 6

[0082] This embodiment provides a sheet metal assembly, the preparation method of which includes:

[0083] (1) Provide a cast iron substrate with a thickness of 2mm, and perform laser ablation + nano-polishing on its inner surface to form a smooth concave-convex structure of mountain-like structure.

[0084] (2) Subsequently, degreasing and cleaning, and vacuum coating were performed. A multi-arc ion plating vacuum coating equipment was used, with 22 pure titanium targets as arc sources and one cylindrical chromium target. The coating parameters are as follows:

[0085] Ion cleaning: Argon gas is introduced to maintain a vacuum of 0.01 Pa, Ar gas flow rate is 200 sccm, matrix bias voltage is 600 V, duty cycle is 60%, and ion bombardment is performed for 5 min.

[0086] Chromium plating underlayer: Maintain a vacuum of 0.35 Pa, reduce the bias voltage to 100 V, set the duty cycle to 65%, target current to 120 A, operating temperature to 150 °C, and time to 1 min to form a chromium underlayer with a thickness of 30 nm.

[0087] Titanium-chromium transition layer plating: vacuum degree 0.35Pa, simultaneous power supply of titanium and chromium targets, bias voltage 100V, duty cycle 65%, chromium target current 120A, titanium target current 100A, working temperature 150℃, time 4min, forming a titanium-chromium transition layer with a thickness of 100nm.

[0088] Titanium plating: Turn off the chromium target power supply and continue titanium plating for 30 minutes to form a titanium layer with a thickness of 1 μm. The surface of the titanium layer has multiple uneven structures, with the maximum height of the uneven structure being 3.5 μm, the average height of the multiple uneven structures being 2.5 μm, and the size of a single uneven structure along the width direction of the substrate layer ranging from 2 μm to 4 μm.

[0089] Comparative Example 1

[0090] The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0091] Instead of sandblasting and electrolytic polishing, the inner surface of the composite substrate (i.e. the surface of the 304 stainless steel layer) is machined, without any uneven structure. The same coating process is then performed.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] The preparation method of this comparative example is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that:

[0094] No zirconium plating is applied before the titanium plating process, i.e., no transition layer is set.

[0095] The surface abrasion resistance and non-stick properties of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were tested respectively.

[0096] Test method:

[0097] 1. Surface abrasion resistance test

[0098] Test method: The titanium-plated test pieces of each embodiment and comparative example were fixed on the abrasion tester and a downward force of 2.5 kg was applied. A scouring pad (3M7447B) with a length of 70 mm ± 5 mm and a width of 30 mm ± 5 mm was used to move back and forth with a cleaning solution. The movement distance was 100 mm. The scouring pad was replaced every 250 movements.

[0099] Judgment criteria: After 500 cycles, the surface scratch morphology of each titanium-plated sample was observed using an electron microscope (×800). The test results are as follows: Figures 2-5 As shown, where, Figure 2 This is an image of the original surface morphology of the titanium-plated sample from Example 1. Figure 3 The image shows the surface morphology of the titanium-plated sample from Example 1 after 500 cycles of surface grinding. Figure 4 The image shows the original surface morphology of the titanium-plated sample in Comparative Example 1. Figure 5 The image shows the surface morphology of the titanium-plated specimen from Comparative Example 1 after 500 cycles of surface grinding.

[0100] from Figures 2-5As can be seen, compared with Comparative Example 1, the surface titanium layer of Example 1 shows relatively less noticeable and lighter scratches after surface grinding, indicating a significant improvement in the wear resistance of the titanium layer. This is mainly because the surface titanium layer of Example 1 is tightly bonded to the substrate with its mountainous structure, exhibiting strong adhesion and resistance to wear.

[0101] 2. Salt water test

[0102] Test method: Add 1% saline solution (using purified water, not tap water) to the inner pot up to the maximum mark. Place the inner pot formed by the plate assembly of each embodiment and comparative example into the corresponding rice cooker, turn on the power, close the lid, and heat continuously to boiling for 8 hours (add water once every 2 hours to keep the liquid level at the starting position of the test). Keep warm for 16 hours as one cycle, and perform 4 cycles. After 96 hours, clean the surface dirt with clean water and a clean scouring pad.

[0103] Judgment criteria: Observe whether there are any defects such as rust, perforation, or cracks in the titanium plating layer on the surface.

[0104] The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0105] 3. Rice non-stick test

[0106] Test Method: Two cups of Northeast rice were placed in the 3L inner pot formed by the sheet metal components in each embodiment and comparative example. Rice was cooked using standard methods with appropriate water and an electric rice cooker (using the standard rice-to-water ratio for products with standard pot bottom temperature). After cooking, the pot was kept warm for 10 minutes. The inner pot was then inverted, and the amount of rice falling out was observed by gravity or gentle shaking. After cleaning the inner pot, the above test was repeated five times (the first test was not judged), and the amount of rice residue in the inner pot was checked. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0107] Judgment criteria: Rice weighing ≤50g is classified as Grade 2 non-stick.

[0108] Table 1

[0109]

[0110]

[0111] As can be seen from Table 1, no defects were found on the surface of the inner pots of Examples 1-6, while dense rust spots appeared on the bottom of the inner pot of Comparative Example 2. It can be seen that the zirconium transition layer or titanium-chromium transition layer between the titanium layer and the substrate layer in Examples 1-6 can not only enhance the bonding performance between the titanium layer and the substrate layer, but also play a role in corrosion resistance. That is, after the surface titanium layer is damaged, the transition layer can prevent the electrolyte from seeping into the substrate material from the gaps in the titanium layer, thereby preventing the substrate material from being oxidized and preventing the inner pot from corroding.

[0112] As can be seen from Table 1, the average amount of rice residue after cooking in Examples 1-6 is less than 50g, which shows a certain degree of non-sticking properties. In contrast, the average amount of rice residue after cooking in Comparative Example 1 is as high as 96g, which shows poor non-sticking performance. It can be seen that Examples 1-6 can effectively improve their non-sticking performance by setting a smooth uneven structure on the inner surface of the substrate layer.

[0113] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0114] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0115] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. In addition, unless otherwise specified, all reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available or can be synthesized according to the methods described herein or known to others. For reaction conditions not listed, they are also readily available to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sheet metal assembly, characterized in that, include: A substrate layer, the substrate layer comprising a metallic material; A transition layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the metallic material; A titanium layer is disposed on at least a portion of the surface of the transition layer away from the substrate layer; wherein at least a portion of the surface of the titanium layer on one side has a plurality of uneven structures, and the thickness of the titanium layer is less than the height of the uneven structures in the thickness direction of the substrate layer.

2. The sheet metal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the concave-convex structure is less than or equal to 5 μm; And / or, the uneven structure is in the form of a smooth wave.

3. The sheet metal assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of a single convex-concave structure along the width direction of the substrate layer are 1μm-5μm.

4. The sheet metal assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the substrate layer, the thickness of the titanium layer is on the order of micrometers, and the thickness of the titanium layer is greater than the thickness of the transition layer.

5. The sheet metal assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The transition layer is a chromium transition layer, a molybdenum transition layer, a nickel transition layer, a zirconium transition layer, or a tantalum transition layer.

6. The sheet metal assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the substrate layer, the ratio of the thickness of the titanium layer to the thickness of the substrate layer is less than or equal to 3:

500.

7. The sheet metal assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The substrate layer includes an uneven structure, and the substrate layer includes an aluminum layer and a stainless steel layer stacked sequentially, and the uneven structure of the substrate layer is disposed on the side of the stainless steel layer away from the aluminum layer. Alternatively, the substrate layer may be an iron substrate layer, a stainless steel substrate layer, an aluminum substrate layer, or a copper substrate layer.

8. A cooking utensil, characterized in that, Includes the sheet metal assembly according to any one of claims 1-7.

9. The cooking utensil according to claim 8, characterized in that, It includes a container bottom wall and a container side wall, the container bottom wall and the container side wall are connected to form a receiving space; The container bottom wall comprises a sheet metal assembly as described in any one of claims 1-7; and / or, the container side wall comprises a sheet metal assembly as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A cooking device, characterized in that, Includes the cooking appliance as described in claim 8 or 9.

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