Battery system of motor vehicle and motor vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of motor vehicle batteries, in particular to a battery system of a motor vehicle and the motor vehicle. The battery system comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprises an electric pile and an air system, an air inlet of the electric pile is communicated with an air inlet pipe of the air system, and one end of an exhaust pipe of the air system is communicated with an air outlet of the electric pile; a tail gas discharge port is formed in the other end; the lithium battery comprises a body and a heat exchange pipe, and the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the body and used for controlling the temperature of the body; the heat exchanger comprises a heat release cavity and a heated cavity, the exhaust pipe is communicated with the heat release cavity, and the heat exchange pipe is communicated with the heated cavity. According to the battery system disclosed by the invention, the heat exchanger is arranged, so that the tail gas discharged by the fuel battery and the circulating liquid of the lithium battery are subjected to sufficient heat exchange in the battery system, the heat exchange efficiency is ensured, and the cooling effect on the tail gas and the heating effect on the lithium battery are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of motor vehicle battery technology, and more particularly to a battery system for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, fuel cell vehicles output energy through a parallel connection of the fuel cell and lithium battery, each with its own independent thermal management system. During operation, fuel cell exhaust gases contain significant amounts of moisture and residual heat, reaching temperatures of 60-70°C. Furthermore, these exhaust gases are directly released into the environment without proper utilization, especially in northern winters when temperatures often drop below 0°C. The condensation of moisture in the exhaust gases can cause fogging at the rear of the vehicle, obstructing the vision of following drivers and affecting driving safety. In addition, the performance of lithium batteries is significantly impacted at low temperatures in winter, severely affecting the vehicle's range.

[0003] To address this, existing technology proposes a temperature control system (CN 205632164 U) for a power system incorporating a fuel cell and a lithium battery. This system includes a fuel cell module and a lithium battery module connected in parallel. The fuel cell module includes a high-temperature exhaust gas emission pipe, which is connected to a waste heat recovery pipe for heating the lithium battery module and a bypass pipe. A first air valve and a second air valve are respectively installed in the waste heat recovery pipe and the bypass pipe. A temperature sensor is installed in the lithium battery module, and the temperature sensor is connected to both the first and second air valves. This invention provides an energy-saving and environmentally friendly solution that enables the lithium battery module to maintain consistently high operating efficiency.

[0004] While the aforementioned existing technology achieves the goals of reducing exhaust gas temperature and heating the lithium battery through heat exchange between the fuel cell's exhaust gas and the lithium battery, it suffers from low heat exchange efficiency and poor cooling and heating effects because the waste heat recovery pipeline is laid outside the lithium battery. Therefore, how to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the fuel cell's exhaust gas and the lithium battery to improve both cooling and heating effects is a problem that those skilled in the art need to consider. Utility Model Content

[0005] One of the technical problems this disclosure aims to solve is how to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the exhaust gas from the fuel cell and the lithium battery, as mentioned above, in order to improve the cooling effect of the exhaust gas and the heating effect of the lithium battery.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a battery system for a motor vehicle, comprising: a fuel cell, the fuel cell including a stack and an air system, wherein the air inlet of the stack is connected to the air inlet pipe of the air system, one end of the air exhaust pipe of the air system is connected to the air outlet of the stack, and the other end is provided with an exhaust port; a lithium battery, the lithium battery including a body and a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube being disposed within the body for controlling the temperature of the body; and a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger including a heat dissipation chamber and a heat receiving chamber, a three-way valve being provided on the exhaust pipe, the air inlet of the three-way valve being connected to the air outlet of the stack. One outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the heat-exhausting chamber to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack into the heat-exhausting chamber. The other outlet is connected to the exhaust gas outlet. The outlet of the heat-exhausting chamber is connected to the exhaust pipe between the three-way valve and the exhaust gas outlet. The outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the heat-receiving chamber to discharge the circulating liquid into the heat-receiving chamber so that the circulating liquid can exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the heat-exhausting chamber. The outlet of the heat-receiving chamber is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange tube to discharge the circulating liquid that has completed the heat exchange into the heat exchange tube to heat the main body.

[0007] In some embodiments, a water pump is provided at the outlet of the heat exchange tube.

[0008] In some embodiments, a muffler is provided on the exhaust pipe between the outlet of the heat release chamber and the exhaust outlet.

[0009] In some embodiments, a filter is provided on the air inlet of the air intake pipe.

[0010] In some embodiments, an air compressor and an intercooler are sequentially installed on the air inlet pipe between the filter and the fuel cell stack.

[0011] In some embodiments, a flow meter is installed on the intake pipe between the filter and the air compressor.

[0012] In some embodiments, a shut-off valve is provided on the intake pipe between the intercooler and the fuel cell stack, and a back pressure valve is provided on the exhaust pipe between the fuel cell stack outlet and the three-way valve.

[0013] In some embodiments, a first temperature sensor is provided on the air inlet pipe between the shut-off valve and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and a second temperature sensor is provided on the main body.

[0014] In some embodiments, a first pressure sensor is provided on the air inlet pipe between the fuel cell stack's air inlet and the first temperature sensor, and a second pressure sensor is provided on the exhaust pipe between the fuel cell stack's air outlet and the back pressure valve.

[0015] This disclosure also provides a motor vehicle including the aforementioned motor vehicle battery system.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, this disclosure provides a battery system for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle. The battery system is equipped with a heat exchanger so that the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell can fully exchange heat with the circulating fluid of the lithium battery, ensuring heat exchange efficiency and improving the cooling effect of the exhaust gas. At the same time, the circulating fluid after heat exchange flows back into the body of the lithium battery, forming a circulation inside the body, thereby improving the heating effect of the lithium battery. Attached Figure Description

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0021] 1. Fuel cell stack; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Tail gas outlet; 5. Body; 6. Heat exchange tube; 7. Heat exchanger; 8. Heat release chamber; 9. Heat receiving chamber; 10. Three-way valve; 11. Water pump; 12. Silencer; 13. Filter; 14. Air compressor; 15. Intercooler; 16. Flow meter; 17. Shut-off valve; 18. Back pressure valve; 19. First temperature sensor; 20. Second temperature sensor; 21. First pressure sensor; 22. Second pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this disclosure by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this disclosure. This disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0023] These embodiments are provided to make the disclosure thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as exemplary only and not as limiting.

[0024] It should be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible margin of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible margin of error. Terms such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0026] It should also be noted that, in the description of this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure depending on the specific circumstances. When a particular device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the particular device and the first or second device.

[0027] All terms used in this disclosure have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0028] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0029] As mentioned in the background section above, while existing technologies using fuel cell-equipped vehicles achieve heat exchange between the exhaust gas from the fuel cell and the lithium battery, thus reducing exhaust gas temperature and heating the lithium battery, the prior art involves laying waste heat recovery pipes outside the lithium battery, resulting in low heat exchange efficiency and poor exhaust gas cooling and lithium battery heating effects. Therefore, the inventors of this application provide a battery system and a vehicle for a motor vehicle in one or more embodiments. The battery system incorporates a heat exchanger to ensure sufficient heat exchange between the exhaust gas from the fuel cell and the circulating fluid of the lithium battery, guaranteeing heat exchange efficiency and improving exhaust gas cooling. Simultaneously, the circulating fluid, after heat exchange, flows back into the lithium battery body, forming a circulation within the battery body, thereby improving the heating effect on the lithium battery. This is believed to solve one or more problems of the prior art.

[0030] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a battery system for motor vehicles, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a fuel cell, which includes a stack 1 and an air system. The air inlet of the stack 1 is connected to the air inlet pipe 2 of the air system. One end of the exhaust pipe 3 of the air system is connected to the air outlet of the stack 1, and the other end is provided with a tail gas emission port 4; a lithium battery, which includes a body 5 and a heat exchange tube 6. The heat exchange tube 6 is disposed inside the body 5 to control the temperature of the body 5; a heat exchanger 7, which includes a heat dissipation chamber 8 and a heat receiving chamber 9. A three-way valve 10 is provided on the exhaust pipe 3. The air inlet of the three-way valve 10 is connected to the air outlet of the stack 1, and one outlet of the three-way valve 10 is connected to... The inlet of the heat-exhaust chamber 8 is connected to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack 1 into the heat-exhaust chamber 8. Another outlet is connected to the exhaust gas outlet 4. The outlet of the heat-exhaust chamber 8 is connected to the exhaust pipe 3 between the three-way valve 10 and the exhaust gas outlet 4. The outlet of the heat exchange pipe 6 is connected to the inlet of the heat-receiving chamber 9 to discharge the circulating liquid into the heat-receiving chamber 9 so that the circulating liquid can exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the heat-exhaust chamber 8. The outlet of the heat-receiving chamber 9 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange pipe 6 to discharge the circulating liquid that has completed the heat exchange into the heat exchange pipe 6 to heat the main body 5.

[0031] Specifically, fuel (such as hydrogen) is discharged into the fuel cell stack 1 through the intake pipe 2. Within the stack 1, a chemical reaction converts chemical energy into electrical energy. This chemical reaction generates high-temperature exhaust gas (60-70°C), which is then discharged into the environment through the exhaust pipe 3 and exhaust port 4. During winter operation, the three-way valve 10 is opened, connecting to the intake port of the heat exchange chamber 8. The exhaust gas enters the heat exchange chamber 8 and undergoes thorough heat exchange with the circulating fluid discharged from the outlet of the heat exchange pipe 6 into the heat receiving chamber 9 (exhaust gas releases heat, circulating fluid absorbs heat), effectively reducing the exhaust gas temperature. The cooled exhaust gas is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 3 and exhaust port 4, preventing the formation of mist in winter exhaust gas. The circulating fluid, having completed heat exchange, flows back into the main body 5, circulating within it to effectively heat the main body 5, thus ensuring the lithium battery maintains its operating temperature during winter and preventing the battery's range from being affected by low temperatures. Simultaneously, the heat from the exhaust gas is used to heat the lithium battery, making full use of waste heat to achieve energy conservation and environmental protection. Furthermore, the heat exchanger 7 may include a cavity and a spiral coil. The cavity forms a heat dissipation cavity 8, and the spiral coil is placed inside the cavity to form a heat receiving cavity 9, thereby further improving the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust gas and the circulating liquid.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the battery system and motor vehicle of this application, by setting up a heat exchanger 7, enable the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell to fully exchange heat with the circulating fluid of the lithium battery, ensuring heat exchange efficiency and improving the cooling effect of the exhaust gas. At the same time, the circulating fluid after heat exchange flows back into the body 5 of the lithium battery, forming a circulation inside the body 5, thereby improving the heating effect of the lithium battery.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a water pump 11 is installed at the outlet of the heat exchange tube 6. The water pump 11 can apply power to the circulating liquid, so that it can circulate fully in the heat exchange tube 6 and the heating chamber 9, thereby achieving a better heating effect on the lithium battery.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a muffler 12 is installed on the exhaust pipe 3 between the outlet of the heat dissipation chamber 8 and the exhaust port 4. The muffler 12 prevents the exhaust gas from entering the environment and generating noise.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a filter 13 is installed on the air inlet of the air inlet pipe 2. The filter 13 can filter out impurities in the fuel, preventing impurities from entering the fuel cell stack 1 and affecting the normal operation of the fuel cell or potentially damaging the fuel cell stack 1.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, an air compressor 14 and an intercooler 15 are sequentially installed on the air intake pipe 2 between the filter 13 and the air intake of the fuel cell stack 1. The air compressor 14 compresses the fuel entering the fuel cell stack 1 to ensure a certain flow rate and pressure, which is necessary for the normal operation of the fuel cell stack 1. Since the compressed fuel is at a high temperature, it would cause damage if it were to enter the fuel cell stack 1 directly. The intercooler 15 then cools the fuel to ensure that it operates at a normal temperature.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a flow meter 16 is installed on the air inlet pipe 2 between the filter 13 and the air compressor 14. The flow meter 16 can monitor the fuel flow rate entering the fuel cell stack 1. In addition, the flow meter 16 integrates a temperature acquisition module to sense the ambient temperature.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a shut-off valve 17 is installed on the intake pipe 2 between the intercooler 15 and the intake port of the fuel cell stack 1, and a back pressure valve 18 is installed on the exhaust pipe 3 between the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 1 and the three-way valve 10. The flow rate and pressure of fuel and exhaust gas can be controlled by controlling the shut-off valve 17 and the back pressure valve 18.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first temperature sensor 19 is installed on the air inlet pipe 2 between the shut-off valve 17 and the air inlet of the battery stack 1, and a second temperature sensor 20 is installed on the body 5. The first temperature sensor 19 can monitor the temperature of the fuel entering the battery stack 1, and the second sensor can detect the temperature of the lithium battery body 5.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first pressure sensor 21 is installed on the air intake pipe 2 between the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 1 and the first temperature sensor, and a second pressure sensor 22 is installed on the exhaust pipe 3 between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack 1 and the back pressure valve 18. The first pressure sensor 21 can monitor the pressure of fuel entering the fuel cell stack 1, and the second pressure sensor 22 can monitor the pressure of exhaust gas exiting the fuel cell stack 1.

[0041] Specific implementation process:

[0042] (1) When the ambient temperature T < 5℃ is detected by the internal temperature acquisition module of flow meter 16, the fuel cell enters the winter operation mode;

[0043] (2) The controller of the fuel cell collects the values ​​of the second pressure sensor 22, the first temperature sensor 19 and the flow rate of the flow meter 16, finds the corresponding opening degree of the three-way valve 10 according to the database established in the previous experiment, and then sends it to the three-way valve 10 for execution.

[0044] (3) The controller of the fuel cell collects the value T of the second temperature sensor 20. If T>25℃, the speed of water pump 11 is reduced; if T<25℃, the speed of water pump 11 is increased; if T=25℃, water pump 11 maintains the current speed. The lithium battery temperature can be adjusted in real time to keep the temperature at a suitable level and maximize the performance of the lithium battery.

[0045] On the other hand, this utility model also provides a motor vehicle including the aforementioned motor vehicle battery system.

[0046] In summary, compared with the prior art, this disclosure provides a battery system for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle. The battery system, by setting a heat exchanger 7, enables the exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell to fully exchange heat with the circulating fluid of the lithium battery, ensuring heat exchange efficiency and improving the cooling effect on the exhaust gas. At the same time, the circulating fluid after heat exchange flows back into the body 5 of the lithium battery, forming a circulation within the body 5, thereby improving the heating effect on the lithium battery.

[0047] The embodiments of this disclosure have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of this disclosure, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0048] While specific embodiments of this disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the examples are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner.

Claims

1. A battery system for a motor vehicle, characterized in that, include: The fuel cell includes a stack (1) and an air system. The air inlet of the stack (1) is connected to the air inlet pipe (2) of the air system. One end of the exhaust pipe (3) of the air system is connected to the air outlet of the stack (1), and the other end is provided with a tail gas discharge port (4). A lithium battery, the lithium battery comprising a body (5) and a heat exchange tube (6), the heat exchange tube (6) being disposed within the body (5) for controlling the temperature of the body (5); A heat exchanger (7) includes a heat release chamber (8) and a heat receiving chamber (9). A three-way valve (10) is provided on the exhaust pipe (3). The inlet of the three-way valve (10) is connected to the outlet of the fuel cell stack (1). One outlet of the three-way valve (10) is connected to the inlet of the heat release chamber (8) to discharge the exhaust gas generated by the chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack (1) into the heat release chamber (8). The other outlet is connected to the exhaust gas discharge port (4). The outlet of the heat release chamber (8) is connected to... On the exhaust pipe (3) between the three-way valve (10) and the exhaust port (4), the outlet of the heat exchange pipe (6) is connected to the inlet of the heated chamber (9) to discharge the circulating liquid into the heated chamber (9) so that the circulating liquid can exchange heat with the exhaust gas in the heat release chamber (8). The outlet of the heated chamber (9) is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange pipe (6) to discharge the circulating liquid that has completed the heat exchange into the heat exchange pipe (6) to heat the body (5).

2. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water pump (11) is installed at the outlet of the heat exchange tube (6).

3. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, A muffler (12) is provided on the exhaust pipe (3) between the outlet of the heat release chamber (8) and the exhaust outlet (4).

4. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 3, characterized in that, A filter (13) is provided on the air inlet of the air inlet pipe (2).

5. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, An air compressor (14) and an intercooler (15) are sequentially installed on the air inlet pipe (2) between the filter (13) and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (1).

6. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flow meter (16) is installed on the air inlet pipe (2) between the filter (13) and the air compressor (14).

7. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, A shut-off valve (17) is provided on the air inlet pipe (2) between the intercooler (15) and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (1), and a back pressure valve (18) is provided on the exhaust pipe (3) between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack (1) and the three-way valve (10).

8. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first temperature sensor (19) is provided on the air inlet pipe (2) between the shut-off valve (17) and the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (1), and a second temperature sensor (20) is provided on the body (5).

9. The battery system for a motor vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first pressure sensor (21) is provided on the air inlet pipe (2) between the air inlet of the fuel cell stack (1) and the first temperature sensor (19), and a second pressure sensor (22) is provided on the exhaust pipe (3) between the air outlet of the fuel cell stack (1) and the back pressure valve (18).

10. A motor vehicle, characterized in that, The battery system of the motor vehicle as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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