Directional antenna and unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of antennas, and discloses a directional antenna and an unmanned aerial vehicle, the directional antenna comprises a shell, a first radiation module and a first feeder line, and the shell is provided with a reflection bottom plate; the first radiation module comprises a first dielectric plate, a first radiation assembly and a second radiation assembly, the first radiation assembly and the second radiation assembly are arranged on the first dielectric plate, a preset angle is formed between the first dielectric plate and the reflection bottom plate, the first radiation assembly is used for radiating a first frequency band signal, and the second radiation assembly is used for radiating a second frequency band signal; the frequency of the first frequency band is lower than that of the second frequency band, the distance between the first radiation assembly and the reflection bottom plate is larger than that between the second radiation assembly and the reflection bottom plate in the first direction, and the reflection bottom plate is used for reflecting signals radiated by the first radiation module; one end of the first feeder line is electrically connected with the first radiation assembly and the second radiation assembly. Through the above mode, the antenna provided by the embodiment of the utility model can improve the distance of antenna radiation signals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a directional antenna and a drone. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are used to transmit or receive signals and are an indispensable component of drones. The antenna in a drone receives signals transmitted by the controller, thereby controlling the drone's flight. The antenna can also transmit information collected by the drone to the controller. Currently, most drone antennas are omnidirectional, meaning that the signal strength is relatively uniform in all directions. However, only signals directed towards the remote controller are received, resulting in a significant waste of antenna energy. Furthermore, omnidirectional antennas have a shorter signal transmission distance, thus limiting the drone's flight range. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main technical problem solved by this utility model embodiment is to provide a directional antenna and a drone that can extend the transmission distance of the antenna-radiated signal, thereby increasing the flight distance of the drone.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, one technical solution adopted in this utility model embodiment is as follows: a directional antenna is provided, including a housing, a first radiating module, and a first feed line. The housing is provided with a reflective base plate. The first radiating module includes a first dielectric substrate, a first radiating component, and a second radiating component. Both the first and second radiating components are disposed on the first dielectric substrate. The first dielectric substrate and the reflective base plate are set at a preset angle. The first radiating component is used to radiate a first frequency band signal, and the second radiating component is used to radiate a second frequency band signal. The frequency of the first frequency band is lower than the frequency of the second frequency band. Along a first direction, the distance between the first radiating component and the reflective base plate is greater than the distance between the second radiating component and the reflective base plate. The reflective base plate is used to reflect the signal radiated by the first radiating module. The first direction is perpendicular to the reflective base plate. One end of the first feed line is electrically connected to the first radiating component and the second radiating component. The first feed line is used to transmit signals.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first dielectric substrate is provided with a first feed section and a second feed section, the first feed line includes a first inner conductor and a first outer conductor that are insulated from each other, the first inner conductor is electrically connected to the first feed section, and the first outer conductor is electrically connected to the second feed section; the first radiating assembly includes a first radiating arm, a first extension, a second radiating arm and a second extension, one end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first feed section, the first extension is connected to the other end of the first radiating arm, one end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second feed section, and the second extension is connected to the other end of the second radiating arm.

[0006] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the distance between the first radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D1, the wavelength of the first frequency band signal is λ1, and satisfies: 0.125*λ1≤D1≤0.375*λ1.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second radiating component includes a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm, one end of the third radiating arm being electrically connected to the first feed section, and one end of the fourth radiating arm being electrically connected to the second feed section.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the distance between the third radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D2, the wavelength of the second frequency band signal is λ2, and satisfies: 0.125*λ2≤D2≤0.375*λ2.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first radiation module includes a third radiation component, which includes a fifth radiation arm and a sixth radiation arm. One end of the fifth radiation arm is electrically connected to the first feed section, and one end of the sixth radiation arm is electrically connected to the second feed section. The third radiation component is used to radiate a third frequency band signal, the frequency of which is higher than the frequency of the second frequency band.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the first direction, the distance between the fifth radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D3, the wavelength of the third frequency band signal is λ3, and satisfies: 0.125*λ3≤D3≤0.375*λ3.

[0011] In some embodiments, the directional antenna further includes a second radiating module and a second feed line. The second radiating module includes a second dielectric substrate, a fourth radiating component, and a fifth radiating component. The fourth and fifth radiating components are both disposed on the second dielectric substrate and are electrically connected to the second feed line. The fourth radiating component is used to radiate a fourth frequency band signal, and the fifth radiating component is used to radiate a fifth frequency band signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the directional antenna further includes a combiner and a third feeder. The first feeder, the second feeder, and the third feeder are all electrically connected to the combiner. The first feeder is used to transmit the signal radiated by the first radiating module to the combiner, the second feeder is used to transmit the signal radiated by the second radiating module to the combiner, and the third feeder is used to transmit the signal in the combiner.

[0013] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this utility model embodiment is to provide a drone, including the above-mentioned directional antenna.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows: Unlike the prior art, in this utility model embodiment, by setting a reflective base plate on the housing, the signal radiated by the first radiation module is reflected by the reflective base plate, so that the signal is concentrated and radiated in one direction, thereby enhancing the signal strength in that direction, and thus improving the transmission distance of the antenna signal in that direction, which is beneficial to improving the flight distance of the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model from a first-view perspective;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the directional antenna provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiation module and the first feeder provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model from a second viewpoint;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mid-section AA;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 An enlarged view of the area shown in section A;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second radiation module provided in this embodiment of the present invention from a first-view perspective;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second radiation module provided in this embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective.

[0024] Figure 9 This is an S-parameter diagram of the first radiation module provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is an S-parameter diagram of the second radiation module provided in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11This is the radiation pattern of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model in the first frequency band;

[0027] Figure 12 This is the radiation pattern of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model in the second frequency band;

[0028] Figure 13 This is the radiation pattern of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model in the third frequency band;

[0029] Figure 14 This is the radiation pattern of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model in the fourth frequency band;

[0030] Figure 15 This is the radiation pattern of the directional antenna provided in the embodiment of this utility model in the fifth frequency band.

[0031] Attached icon number

[0032]

[0033] Detailed Implementation

[0034] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," etc., used in this specification indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The directional antenna 100 includes a housing 1, a first radiating module 2, and a first feed line 4. The first radiating module 2 is disposed in the housing 1 and is used to radiate signals in a first frequency band, a second frequency band, and a third frequency band. The frequency of the first frequency band is lower than the frequency of the second frequency band, and the frequency of the second frequency band is lower than the frequency of the third frequency band. One end of the first feed line 4 is electrically connected to the first radiating module 2, and the first feed line 4 is used to transmit the signals radiated by the first radiating module 2.

[0038] For housing 1 mentioned above, please refer to... Figure 2 The housing 1 is provided with a reflective base plate 11, which is made of metal material. When an electromagnetic signal hits the reflective base plate 11, the reflective base plate 11 reflects the electromagnetic signal, thereby changing the direction of signal transmission. This causes the signal radiated by the first module to be concentrated in one direction, thereby enhancing the signal strength in that direction and increasing the transmission distance of the signal in that direction.

[0039] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The housing 1 also has four side plates 12, which are respectively connected to the four sides of the reflective base plate 11, so that the reflective base plate 11 and the four side plates 12 together enclose a receiving cavity 13. When viewed along a direction perpendicular to the reflective base plate 11, the first radiating module 2 and the first feed line 4 are at least partially housed in the receiving cavity 13. It is understood that the four side plates 12 can also be made of metal, so that the four side plates 12 can also reflect electromagnetic signals, thereby further improving the directivity of the signal radiated by the antenna.

[0040] In some embodiments, the housing 1 is further provided with two first pillars 14, which are spaced apart. One end of each of the two first pillars 14 is connected to the reflective base plate 11, and the first radiation module 2 is disposed at the other end of the two first pillars 14, so that there is a certain distance between the first radiation module 2 and the reflective base plate 11, which helps to avoid the radiation components in the first radiation module 2 from directly contacting the reflective base plate 11 and affecting the radiation of the signal by the first radiation module 2.

[0041] For the first radiation module 2 mentioned above, please refer to Figure 3The first radiation module 2 includes a first dielectric plate 21, a first radiation component 22, a second radiation component 23, and a third radiation component 24. The first dielectric plate 21 is fixed to the end of the two first pillars 14 furthest from the reflective base plate 11, and the first dielectric plate 21 is set at a preset angle to the reflective base plate 11. The first dielectric plate 21 has a first surface 211, and the first radiation component 22, the second radiation component 23, and the third radiation component 24 are all disposed on the first surface 211. All three components are electrically connected to the first feed line 4. Specifically, the first radiation component 22 radiates signals in a first frequency band, the second radiation component 23 radiates signals in a second frequency band, and the third radiation component 24 radiates signals in a third frequency band. (Please refer to...) Figure 5 In the first direction X, the distance between the first radiating component 22 and the reflective base plate 11 is greater than the distance between the second radiating component 23 and the reflective base plate 11. The first direction X is perpendicular to the reflective base plate 11. This arrangement ensures that the phase of the first frequency band signal radiated by the first radiating component 22 or the second frequency band signal radiated by the second radiating component 23 after reflection by the reflective base plate 11 is essentially the same as the phase of the signal before reflection. This reduces signal loss after reflection and enhances the strength of the signal radiated by the antenna. It is worth noting that if the distance between the first radiating component 22 and the reflective base plate 11 is equal to the distance between the second radiating component 23 and the reflective base plate 11, since the first and second frequency band signals have different frequencies and wavelengths, at least one frequency band signal will have a significantly different phase after reflection by the reflective base plate 11 compared to the phase of the signal before reflection. This hinders the fusion of the reflected and unreflected signals, greatly weakens the signal strength, and reduces the radiation capability of the directional antenna 100 for that frequency band. Similarly, since the frequency of the second frequency band signal is lower than that of the third frequency band signal, by making the distance between the second radiating component 23 and the reflective base plate 11 in the first direction X greater than the distance between the third radiating component 24 and the reflective base plate 11, the phase of the third frequency band signal after being reflected by the reflective base plate 11 is basically the same as the phase before being reflected. This can reduce the loss of the third frequency band signal after being reflected, which is beneficial to improving the radiation intensity of the antenna for the third frequency band signal.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first dielectric plate 21 is perpendicular to the reflective substrate 11.

[0043] Regarding the first dielectric substrate 21 mentioned above, please refer to 3. The first dielectric substrate 21 is also provided with a first power supply section 212 and a second power supply section 213. The first power supply section 212 and the second power supply section 213 are both provided on the first surface 211 of the first dielectric substrate 21, and the first power supply section 212 and the second power supply section 213 are separated from each other. The first feed line 4 includes a first inner conductor 41 and a first outer conductor 42. The first inner conductor 41 is located inside the first outer conductor 42, and the first inner conductor 41 and the first outer conductor 42 are insulated from each other. The first inner conductor 41 is electrically connected to the first power supply section 212, and the first outer conductor 42 is electrically connected to the second power supply section 213.

[0044] For the first radiating component 22 described above, please refer to Figure 3 The first radiating component 22 includes a first radiating arm 221, a first extension 222, a second radiating arm 223, and a second extension 224. One end of the first radiating arm 221 is electrically connected to the first feed section 212, and the other end of the first radiating arm 221 extends in a direction away from the second feed section 213. The first extension 222 is connected to the other end of the first radiating arm 221. One end of the second radiating arm 223 is electrically connected to the second feed section 213, and the other end of the second radiating arm 223 extends in a direction away from the first feed section 212. The second extension 224 is connected to the other end of the second radiating arm 223. The first radiating arm 221, the first extension 222, the second radiating arm 223, and the second extension 224 are used together to radiate a first frequency band signal.

[0045] In some embodiments, the width of the first extension 222 gradually increases from one end of the first extension 222 near the first radiating arm 221 to the end of the first extension 222 away from the first radiating arm 221. Similarly, the width of the second extension 224 gradually increases from one end of the second extension 224 near the second radiating arm 223 to the end of the second extension 224 away from the second radiating arm 223, thereby reducing the size of the first radiating assembly 22 in the second direction Y, which is perpendicular to the first direction X and parallel to the first surface 211.

[0046] Furthermore, the frequency range of the first frequency band signal is 0.90 GHz to 0.93 GHz. Therefore, the wavelength λ1 of the first frequency band signal is 322.58 mm to 333.33 mm.

[0047] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5In the first direction X, the distance between the first radiating arm 221 and the reflective base plate 11 is D1, and satisfies 0.125*λ1≤D1≤0.375*λ1. Also in this embodiment, by ensuring that the distance D1 between the first radiating arm 221 and the reflective base plate 11 satisfies 0.125*λ1≤D1≤0.375*λ1 in the first direction X, when the first frequency band signal is reflected by the reflective base plate 11, the phase of the reflected signal can be the same as or only slightly different from the phase of the signal before reflection. This allows the reflected signal and the unreflected signal to be better integrated, thereby improving the signal strength of the first frequency band signal in the transmission direction. It is worth noting that D1 is the distance between the first radiating component 221 and the reflective base plate 11.

[0048] Furthermore, based on the midpoint frequency of 0.915 GHz in the first frequency band, the distance D1 between the first radiating arm 221 and the reflective base plate 11 is 40.98 mm to 122.95 mm.

[0049] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 In the first direction X, the distance between the second radiating arm 223 and the reflective base plate 11 is equal to the distance between the first radiating arm 221 and the reflective base plate 11.

[0050] For the second radiating component 23 described above, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The second radiating component 23 includes a third radiating arm 231 and a fourth radiating arm 232. One end of the third radiating arm 231 is electrically connected to the first feed section 212, and the other end of the third radiating arm 231 extends away from the second feed section 213. One end of the fourth radiating arm 232 is electrically connected to the second feed section 213, and the other end of the fourth radiating arm 232 extends away from the first feed section 212. The third radiating arm 231 and the fourth radiating arm 232 are used together to radiate the second frequency band signal.

[0051] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 The third radiating arm 231 is parallel to the first radiating arm 221, and the fourth radiating arm 232 is parallel to the second radiating arm 223.

[0052] Furthermore, the frequency range of the second frequency band signal is 1.39 GHz to 1.45 GHz. Therefore, the wavelength λ2 of the second frequency band signal is 206.90 mm to 215.83 mm.

[0053] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5In the first direction X, the distance between the third radiating arm 231 and the reflective base plate 11 is D2, and satisfies 0.125*λ2≤D2≤0.375*λ2. In this embodiment, by ensuring that the distance D2 between the third radiating arm 231 and the reflective base plate 11 satisfies 0.125*λ2≤D2≤0.375*λ2 in the first direction X, when the second frequency band signal is reflected by the reflective base plate 11, the phase of the reflected signal can be the same as or have a small difference from the phase of the signal before reflection. This allows the reflected signal and the unreflected signal to be better integrated, thereby improving the signal strength of the second frequency band signal in the transmission direction. It is worth noting that D2 is the distance between the second radiating component 231 and the reflective base plate 11.

[0054] Furthermore, based on the midpoint frequency of the second band, 1.42 GHz, the distance D2 between the third radiating arm 231 and the reflective base plate 11 is 26.41 mm to 79.22 mm.

[0055] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 In the first direction X, the distance between the third radiating arm 231 and the reflective base plate 11 is equal to the distance between the fourth radiating arm 232 and the reflective base plate 11.

[0056] For the third radiating component 24 mentioned above, please refer to... Figure 3 The third radiating component 24 includes a fifth radiating arm 241 and a sixth radiating arm 242. One end of the fifth radiating arm 241 is electrically connected to the first feed section 212, and the other end of the fifth radiating arm 241 extends away from the second feed section 213. One end of the sixth radiating arm 242 is electrically connected to the second feed section 213, and the other end of the sixth radiating arm 242 extends away from the first feed section 212. The fifth radiating arm 241 and the sixth radiating arm 242 are used together to radiate third frequency band signals.

[0057] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 The fifth radiating arm 241 is parallel to the first radiating arm 221, and the sixth radiating arm 242 is parallel to the second radiating arm 223.

[0058] Furthermore, the frequency range of the third-band signal is 1.83 GHz to 1.97 GHz. Therefore, the wavelength λ3 of the third-band signal is 152.28 mm to 163.93 mm.

[0059] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5In the first direction X, the distance between the fifth radiating arm 241 and the reflective base plate 11 is D3, and satisfies 0.125*λ3≤D3≤0.375*λ3. In this embodiment, by making the distance between the fifth radiating arm 241 and the reflective base plate 11 D3=0.25*λ3 in the first direction X, when the third frequency band signal is reflected by the reflective base plate 11, the phase of the reflected signal can be the same as or have a small difference from the phase of the signal before reflection, thereby allowing the reflected signal and the unreflected signal to be better integrated, thus improving the signal strength of the third frequency band signal in the transmission direction. It is worth noting that D3 is the distance between the third radiating component 241 and the reflective base plate 11 mentioned above.

[0060] Furthermore, calculated using the middle frequency of the third band, 1.9 GHz, the distance D3 between the fifth radiating arm 241 and the reflective base plate 11 is 19.74 mm to 59.21 mm.

[0061] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 5 In the first direction X, the distance between the fifth radiating arm 241 and the reflective base plate 11 is equal to the distance between the sixth radiating arm 242 and the reflective base plate 11.

[0062] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The directional antenna 100 also includes a second radiating module 3, a second feed line 5, a combiner 6, and a third feed line 7. The second radiating module 3 is at least partially housed in a receiving cavity 13 and is used to radiate signals in a fourth and fifth frequency band. One end of the second feed line 5 is electrically connected to the second radiating module 3, and the other end is electrically connected to the combiner 6, enabling signal transmission between the second radiating module 3 and the combiner 6. The first feed line 4 is also electrically connected to the combiner 6 to enable signal transmission between the first radiating module 2 and the combiner 6. One end of the third feed line 7 is electrically connected to the combiner 6, and the other end is used to connect to other devices, thereby enabling signal transmission between the directional antenna 100 and other devices. The second radiating module 3 is located between the reflective substrate 11 and the first dielectric substrate 21, so that the reflective substrate 11 can also reflect the signal radiated by the second radiating module 3, concentrating the signal radiation in one direction and thus enhancing the signal strength in that direction, which is beneficial for increasing the signal transmission distance in that direction.

[0063] For the second radiation module 3 mentioned above, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8The second radiating module 3 includes a second dielectric substrate 31, a fourth radiating component 32, and a fifth radiating component 33. The second dielectric substrate 31 is located between the first dielectric substrate 21 and the reflective substrate 11. The fourth radiating component 32 and the fifth radiating component 33 are both disposed on the second dielectric substrate 31 and are electrically connected to the second feed line 5. The fourth radiating component 32 is used to radiate a fourth frequency band signal, and the fifth radiating component 33 is used to radiate a fifth frequency band signal. In this embodiment, since the fourth radiating component 32 and the fifth radiating component 33 are both disposed on the second dielectric substrate 31, and the second dielectric substrate 31 is located between the reflective substrate 11 and the first dielectric substrate 21, the reflective substrate 11 can reflect the fourth frequency band signal radiated by the fourth radiating component 32 and the fifth frequency band signal radiated by the fifth radiating component 33, allowing the signal to be concentrated in a certain direction, thereby increasing the signal strength in that direction and improving the signal radiation distance of the antenna in that direction. When the directional antenna 100 provided in this application is applied to a drone, it can increase the flight distance of the drone.

[0064] For the second dielectric plate 31 mentioned above, please refer to Figures 6 to 8 The second dielectric plate 31 has a second surface 311 and a third surface 312, which are disposed opposite to each other in a first direction X, with the third surface 312 facing the reflective substrate 11. The second feed line 5 includes a second inner conductor 51 and a second outer conductor 52, with the second inner conductor 51 located inside the second outer conductor 52 and insulated from each other. A third feed section 313 and a first feed network 315 are disposed on the second surface 311, with the third feed section 313 electrically connected to the first feed network 315, and the second inner conductor 51 electrically connected to the third feed section 313. The third surface 312 is provided with a second feed network 316, and the second dielectric plate 31 is also provided with a fourth feed section 314. The fourth feed section 314 is electrically connected to the second feed network 316 and extends through the second dielectric plate 31, so that at least a portion of the fourth feed section 314 is exposed on the second surface 311. The second outer conductor 52 is electrically connected to the portion of the fourth feed section 314 exposed on the second surface 311. A portion of the fourth radiating component 32 and a portion of the fifth radiating component 33 are both electrically connected to the first feed network 315, and another portion of the fourth radiating component 32 and another portion of the fifth radiating component 33 are both electrically connected to the second feed network 316, so that both the fourth radiating component 32 and the fifth radiating component 33 can transmit signals to the second feed line 5 through the first feed network 315 and the second feed network 316.

[0065] For the fourth radiating component 32 mentioned above, please refer to... Figures 6 to 8The fourth radiating component 32 includes a seventh radiating arm 321 and an eighth radiating arm 322. The seventh radiating arm 321 is disposed on the second surface 311 of the second dielectric substrate 31, and one end of the seventh radiating arm 321 is electrically connected to the first feed network 315. The eighth radiating arm 322 is disposed on the third surface 312 of the second dielectric substrate 31, and one end of the eighth radiating arm 322 is electrically connected to the second feed network 316. The seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 are used together to radiate fourth frequency band signals.

[0066] In some embodiments, when viewed along the first direction X, the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 are offset from each other. Specifically, when viewed along the first direction X, the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner. This arrangement can minimize interference between the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322, which is beneficial to ensuring signal strength.

[0067] In some embodiments, the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 are symmetrically arranged in the second direction Y, and the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 are T-shaped, thereby reducing the size of the seventh radiating arm 321 and the eighth radiating arm 322 in the second direction Y.

[0068] In some embodiments, there are multiple seventh radiating arms 321, which are rectangularly distributed on the second surface 311 of the second dielectric substrate 31, and each of the multiple seventh radiating arms 321 is electrically connected to the first feed network 315. There are also multiple eighth radiating arms 322, which are rectangularly distributed on the third surface 312 of the second dielectric substrate 31, and each of the multiple eighth radiating arms 322 is electrically connected to the second feed network 316. The multiple seventh radiating arms 321 and the multiple eighth radiating arms 322 are used together to radiate fourth band signals. In this embodiment, by providing multiple seventh radiating arms 321 and multiple eighth radiating arms 322, the radiation intensity of the directional antenna 100 for the fourth band signal can be improved.

[0069] Furthermore, the frequency range of the fourth frequency band signal is 2.16 GHz to 2.56 GHz.

[0070] For the fifth radiating component 33 mentioned above, please refer to... Figure 7 and Figure 8The fifth radiating component 33 includes a ninth radiating arm 331, a tenth radiating arm 332, an eleventh radiating arm 333, and a twelfth radiating arm 334. One end of the ninth radiating arm 331 and the tenth radiating arm 332 are electrically connected to the first feed network 315, and in the third direction Z, a seventh radiating arm 321 is located between the ninth radiating arm 331 and the tenth radiating arm 332. The tenth radiating arm 332 and the eleventh radiating arm 333 are both disposed on the third surface 312, and one end of the tenth radiating arm 332 and the eleventh radiating arm 333 are electrically connected to the second feed network 316. In the third direction Z, an eighth radiating arm 322 is located between the tenth radiating arm 332 and the eleventh radiating arm 333. The ninth radiating arm 331, the tenth radiating arm 332, the eleventh radiating arm 333, and the twelfth radiating arm 334 are used together to radiate signals in the fifth frequency band.

[0071] In some embodiments, there are multiple ninth radiating arms 331 and multiple tenth radiating arms 332, which are rectangularly distributed on the second surface 311. One end of each of the multiple ninth radiating arms 331 and multiple tenth radiating arms 332 is electrically connected to the first feed network 315. There are multiple eleventh radiating arms 333 and multiple twelfth radiating arms 334, each of which is electrically connected to the second feed network 316. The multiple ninth radiating arms 331, multiple tenth radiating arms 332, multiple eleventh radiating arms 333, and multiple twelfth radiating arms 334 are used together to radiate the fifth frequency band signal. In this embodiment, by setting multiple ninth radiating arms 331, multiple tenth radiating arms 332, multiple eleventh radiating arms 333, and multiple twelfth radiating arms 334, the intensity of the fifth frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 can be improved, which is beneficial to increasing the transmission distance of the fifth frequency band signal.

[0072] In some embodiments, the frequency range of the fifth band signal is 5.11 GHz to 6.0 GHz.

[0073] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The housing 1 is provided with a plurality of second pillars 15, which are arranged in a rectangular shape, and one end of each of the second pillars 15 is connected to the reflective base plate 11. The second dielectric plate 31 is fixed to the other end of the second pillars 15, thereby creating a certain distance between the third surface 312 of the second dielectric plate 31 and the reflective base plate 11. This prevents the fourth radiation component 32, the fifth radiation component 33, or the second feed network 316 on the third surface 312 from being directly electrically connected to the reflective base plate 11, thus ensuring that the fourth radiation component 32 can radiate the fourth frequency band signal and the fifth radiation component 33 can radiate the fifth frequency band signal.

[0074] To help readers better understand the concept of this application, the following experimental verification of the directional antenna 100 of this application is presented:

[0075] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 The diagram shows the S-(Scatter) parameters of the first radiating module 2. It can be seen that the directional antenna 100 can operate in the first frequency band (0.90 GHz–0.93 GHz), the second frequency band (1.39 GHz–1.45 GHz), and the third frequency band (1.83 GHz–1.97 GHz). Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 10 , Figure 10 The S-parameter diagram of the second radiating module 3 shows that the directional antenna 100 can operate in the fourth frequency band (2.16 GHz to 2.56 GHz) and the fifth frequency band (5.11 GHz to 6.0 GHz). In other words, the directional antenna 100 of this application can radiate signals in the first frequency band (0.90 GHz to 0.93 GHz), the second frequency band (1.39 GHz to 1.45 GHz), the third frequency band (1.83 GHz to 1.97 GHz), the fourth frequency band (2.16 GHz to 2.56 GHz), and the fifth frequency band (5.11 GHz to 6.0 GHz), achieving coverage of five frequency bands. When the directional antenna 100 operates in different environments, it can switch between different frequency bands, thereby increasing the application scenarios of the directional antenna 100 and enabling the drone to fly in various environments.

[0076] It is worth noting that, Figures 11 to 15 In the diagram, H-Plane represents the directivity of the directional antenna 100 in the H-plane, which is parallel to the first surface 211 of the first dielectric substrate 21; E-Plane represents the directivity of the directional antenna 100 in the E-plane, which is perpendicular to the H-plane and parallel to the second surface 311 of the second dielectric substrate 31.

[0077] Please see Figure 11 , Figure 11 The radiation pattern of the directional antenna 100 in the first frequency band shows that, under the reflection of the reflective substrate 11, the signal gain in the first frequency band is relatively large in the direction from -50° to 50° on the H-plane, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. Similarly, on the E-plane, the signal gain is relatively large in the direction from -75° to 75°, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. Therefore, the first frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 of this application has directionality, thereby increasing the radiation range of the first frequency band signal.

[0078] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12The radiation pattern of the directional antenna 100 in the second frequency band shows that, under the reflection of the reflective substrate 11, the signal gain in the second frequency band is relatively large in the direction from -55° to 55° on the H-plane, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. On the E-plane, the signal gain is relatively large in the direction from -75° to 75°, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. Therefore, the second frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 of this application has directionality, thereby increasing the radiation range of the second frequency band signal.

[0079] Please see Figure 13 , Figure 13 The radiation pattern of the directional antenna 100 in the third frequency band shows that, under the reflection of the reflective substrate 11, the signal gain in the third frequency band is relatively large in the direction from -55° to 55° on the H-plane, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. On the E-plane, the signal gain is relatively large in the direction from -90° to 90°, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. Therefore, the third frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 of this application has directionality, thereby increasing the radiation range of the third frequency band signal.

[0080] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 The radiation pattern of the directional antenna 100 in the fourth frequency band shows that, under the reflection of the reflective substrate 11, the signal gain in the fourth frequency band is relatively large in the direction from -45° to 45° on the H-plane, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. On the E-plane, the signal gain is relatively large in the direction from -50° to 50°, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in this direction. Therefore, the fourth frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 of this application has directionality, thereby increasing the radiation range of the fourth frequency band signal.

[0081] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 15The radiation pattern of the directional antenna 100 in the fifth frequency band shows that, under the reflection of the reflective substrate 11, the signal gain in the fifth frequency band is relatively large in the H-plane directions of -100° to -25°, -20° to 25°, and 32° to 95°, indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in these directions. In the E-plane, the signal gain is relatively large in the directions of -97° to -60°, -45° to 45°, and 60° to 95°, again indicating that the signal is concentrated and radiated outward in these directions. Therefore, the fifth frequency band signal radiated by the directional antenna 100 of this application is directional, thereby increasing the radiation range of the fifth frequency band signal.

[0082] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a reflective base plate 11 on the housing 1, the signal radiated by the first radiating module 2 is reflected by the reflective base plate 11, causing the signal to be concentrated and radiated in one direction, thereby enhancing the signal strength in that direction and increasing the transmission distance of the antenna signal in that direction, which is beneficial to increasing the antenna's flight distance. Furthermore, by setting both the first radiating component 22 and the second radiating component 23 on the first dielectric plate 21, and setting the first dielectric plate 21 and the reflective base plate 11 at a preset angle, since the frequency of the first frequency band signal is lower than the frequency of the second frequency band signal (meaning the wavelength of the first frequency band signal is greater than the wavelength of the second frequency band signal), along the first direction X, by making the distance between the first radiating component 22 and the reflective base plate 11 greater than the distance between the second radiating component 23 and the reflective base plate 11, the phase angle of the first or second frequency band signal after being reflected by the reflective base plate 11 is basically the same, thereby reducing signal loss during reflection and thus improving signal strength.

[0083] This utility model also provides an embodiment of a drone, which includes the aforementioned directional antenna 100. For the specific structure and function of the directional antenna 100, please refer to the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A directional antenna, characterized in that, include: The casing is equipped with a reflective base plate; A first radiation module includes a first dielectric substrate, a first radiation component, and a second radiation component. Both the first and second radiation components are disposed on the first dielectric substrate. The first dielectric substrate and the reflective substrate are arranged at a preset angle. The first radiation component is used to radiate a first frequency band signal, and the second radiation component is used to radiate a second frequency band signal. The frequency of the first frequency band is lower than the frequency of the second frequency band. Along a first direction, the distance between the first radiation component and the reflective substrate is greater than the distance between the second radiation component and the reflective substrate. The reflective substrate is used to reflect the signal radiated by the first radiation module. The first direction is perpendicular to the reflective substrate. A first feeder, one end of which is electrically connected to the first radiating component and the second radiating component, is used to transmit signals.

2. The directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate is provided with a first power supply section and a second power supply section. The first feed line includes a first inner conductor and a first outer conductor that are insulated from each other. The first inner conductor is electrically connected to the first power supply section, and the first outer conductor is electrically connected to the second power supply section. The first radiating component includes a first radiating arm, a first extension, a second radiating arm, and a second extension. One end of the first radiating arm is electrically connected to the first power supply part, the first extension is connected to the other end of the first radiating arm, one end of the second radiating arm is electrically connected to the second power supply part, and the second extension is connected to the other end of the second radiating arm.

3. The directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the first direction, the distance between the first radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D1, the wavelength of the first frequency band signal is λ1, and the following condition is met: 0.125*λ1≤D1≤0.375*λ1.

4. The directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second radiating component includes a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm. One end of the third radiating arm is electrically connected to the first feed section, and one end of the fourth radiating arm is electrically connected to the second feed section.

5. The directional antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the first direction, the distance between the third radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D2, the wavelength of the second frequency band signal is λ2, and the following condition is satisfied: 0.125*λ2≤D2≤0.375*λ2.

6. The directional antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first radiation module includes a third radiation component, which includes a fifth radiation arm and a sixth radiation arm. One end of the fifth radiation arm is electrically connected to the first feed section, and one end of the sixth radiation arm is electrically connected to the second feed section. The third radiation component is used to radiate a third frequency band signal, the frequency of which is higher than the frequency of the second frequency band.

7. The directional antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the first direction, the distance between the fifth radiating arm and the reflective base plate is D3, the wavelength of the third frequency band signal is λ3, and the following conditions are met: 0.125*λ3≤D3≤0.375*λ3.

8. The directional antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The directional antenna further includes a second radiating module and a second feed line. The second radiating module includes a second dielectric substrate, a fourth radiating component, and a fifth radiating component. The fourth and fifth radiating components are both disposed on the second dielectric substrate and are electrically connected to the second feed line. The fourth radiating component is used to radiate a fourth frequency band signal, and the fifth radiating component is used to radiate a fifth frequency band signal.

9. The directional antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The directional antenna further includes a combiner and a third feed line. The first feed line, the second feed line, and the third feed line are all electrically connected to the combiner. The first feed line is used to transmit the signal radiated by the first radiating module to the combiner. The second feed line is used to transmit the signal radiated by the second radiating module to the combiner. The third feed line is used to transmit the signal in the combiner.

10. A drone, characterized in that, Includes the directional antenna as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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