Acetabular posterior column channel screw guider

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to an acetabulum posterior column channel screw guider. The fishing rod comprises a fixed positioning rod, and the fixed positioning rod is integrally in a fishing rod shape and comprises a threaded straight rod and a smooth bent rod. The tail end of the smooth bent rod is bent into a flat bent hook body, the bent hook body comprises a flat starting end and a bent hook tail end, and the flat starting end is perpendicular to the threaded straight rod; the threaded straight rod is sleeved with an advancing sleeve, the advancing sleeve is vertically and fixedly provided with a channel screw guide cylinder in the radial direction, and the channel screw guide cylinder is parallel to the threaded straight rod; a positioning needle guide cylinder is clamped in the channel screw guide cylinder, and the axial lead of the positioning needle guide cylinder coincides with the central perpendicular line of the flat starting end of the hook body. The acetabular bone fracture reduction device has the technical effects of accurate positioning and easiness in acetabular bone fracture reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of medical device equipment, specifically to a posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum. Background Technology

[0002] The pelvis connects the spine and lower limbs, playing a crucial role in load-bearing and mechanical support. The acetabulum, as a structural component of the pelvis, connects to the joints of the lower limbs and plays an irreplaceable role. The acetabulum is a Y-shaped structure formed by two bony pillars, providing support. Acetabular fractures account for approximately 3-4% of all fractures, and are mostly high-energy injuries, requiring surgical treatment in most cases. Due to its complex structure and deep location, surgical treatment is extremely challenging. The Letournel-Judet classification includes posterior column fractures, transverse fractures, posterior column + posterior wall fractures, transverse fractures with posterior wall fractures, T-shaped fractures, and double-column fractures. Previously, these fractures often required posterior or combined anterior-posterior approaches for internal fixation. However, the posterior aspect involves a large amount of muscle tissue, leading to significant soft tissue damage, increased risk of neurovascular injury, and a high incidence of myositis ossificans. While posterior wall fractures and severely comminuted posterior column fractures require surgical intervention via the posterior approach, current medical research is actively exploring anterior approaches for internal fixation. After reduction of posterior column fractures via anterior approach, antegrade posterior column screw fixation is often used. However, when inserting the antegrade posterior column screw guide pin, there is a risk of it penetrating through the posterior side of the acetabulum and damaging nerves and blood vessels. There is currently no definitive method or tool to increase the accuracy of antegrade posterior column guide pin insertion. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a posterior column channel screw guide for accurately inserting channel screws into the acetabulum.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum, comprising a fixed positioning rod, the fixed positioning rod being generally shaped like a fishing rod, comprising a threaded straight rod and a smooth curved rod; the end of the smooth curved rod is bent into a flat hook body, the hook body comprising a flat starting end and a hook end, the flat starting end being perpendicular to the threaded straight rod; a forward sleeve is sleeved on the threaded straight rod, the forward sleeve being radially and vertically fixed with a channel screw guide cylinder, the channel screw guide cylinder being parallel to the threaded straight rod; a positioning guide cylinder is engaged inside the channel screw guide cylinder, the axis of the positioning guide cylinder coinciding with the center vertical line of the flat starting end of the hook body.

[0005] Further: In the above-mentioned posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum, the starting end of the positioning guide tube is provided with a positioning needle advance handle, and the end of the positioning guide tube is conical.

[0006] The starting end of the threaded straight rod is also fitted with a screw-in sleeve to push the advancing sleeve forward. An operating handle is provided radially on the screw-in sleeve. Symmetrical wing-shaped screw-in handles are provided at the starting end of the screw-in sleeve. A fixed connecting plate is provided between the advancing sleeve and the channel screw guide sleeve.

[0007] The vertical cross-section of the threaded straight rod is elliptical; the vertical cross-section of the straight end of the smooth curved rod is also elliptical. The elliptical cross-section makes it less likely for the guide to slip against the body, making it easier for the operator to operate the guide.

[0008] Compared with existing technologies, the posterior column channel screw guide of this utility model includes a fixed positioning rod, which is generally shaped like a fishing rod and includes a threaded straight rod and a smooth curved rod. The end of the smooth curved rod is bent into a flat hook body, which includes a flat starting end and a hook end. The flat starting end is perpendicular to the threaded straight rod. An advancing sleeve is sleeved on the threaded straight rod, and a channel screw guide is radially and vertically fixed on the advancing sleeve. The channel screw guide is parallel to the threaded straight rod. A positioning guide needle is engaged inside the channel screw guide, and the axis of the positioning guide needle coincides with the center vertical line of the flat starting end of the hook body. Using this screw guide structure, the posterior column can be reduced by anterior and posterior pressure within the pelvis via an anterior approach. After reduction, the Kirschner wire is inserted between two relatively thin bone plates using a two-point alignment method to prevent it from penetrating from the side, as the surrounding area contains neuromuscular and vascular structures that could cause collateral damage. This allows for more accurate insertion of the hollow screw. Therefore, this utility model has the technical advantages of accurate positioning and easy reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the posterior column channel screw guide of the acetabulum according to this utility model;

[0010] The components include: 1. Threaded straight rod, 2. Smooth curved rod, 3. Curved hook body, 4. Advancing sleeve, 5. Channel screw guide sleeve, 6. Positioning guide needle sleeve, 7. Positioning needle push handle, 8. Screw-in sleeve, 9. Operating handle, 10. Screw-in handrail, and 11. Fixed connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0011] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0012] Reference Figure 1A posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum includes a fixed positioning rod, which is generally shaped like a fishing rod and includes a threaded straight rod 1 and a smooth curved rod 2. The end of the smooth curved rod is bent into a flat hook body 3, which includes a flat starting end and a hook end. The flat starting end is perpendicular to the threaded straight rod 1. A forward sleeve 4 is sleeved on the threaded straight rod 1. A channel screw guide cylinder 5 is radially and vertically fixed on the forward sleeve 4 and is parallel to the threaded straight rod 1. A positioning guide needle cylinder 6 is engaged inside the channel screw guide cylinder. The axis of the positioning guide needle cylinder 6 coincides with the center vertical line of the flat starting end of the hook body. The starting end of the positioning guide needle cylinder 6 is provided with a positioning needle push handle 7, and the end of the positioning guide needle cylinder 6 is conical. The starting end of the threaded straight rod 1 is also sleeved with a screw-in sleeve 8 that pushes the forward sleeve 4 forward. An operating handle 9 is provided radially on the screw-in sleeve 8. The starting end of the screw-in sleeve is symmetrically provided with wing-shaped steering handles 10. A fixed connecting plate 11 is provided between the forward sleeve 4 and the channel screw guide sleeve 5. The vertical cross-section of the threaded straight rod 1 is elliptical; the vertical cross-section of the straight end of the smooth curved rod 2 is elliptical.

[0013] When using the posterior column channel screw guide of this embodiment, hold the operating handle 9, place the hook body 3 of the fixed positioning rod in front of the ischial spine and hook it, align the conical end of the positioning guide tube 6 with the posterior column screw insertion point, and insert two Kirschner wires on both sides of the insertion point to fix it to the pelvic surface, maintaining the position of the conical end of the positioning guide tube 6 stable. By rotating the screw-in handle 10, pressure is applied between the conical end of the positioning guide tube 6 and the hook body 3 to reduce the fracture. Operate the positioning needle advance handle 7 so that the needle tip of the positioning guide needle contacts the hook body 3, measure the depth of the hollow screw insertion, determine the length of the hollow screw used, remove the positioning guide needle, drill a hole with a hollow drill, and insert the hollow screw.

[0014] The posterior column channel screw guide of this embodiment has a reduction function. Posterior column fractures are mostly characterized by separation, and reduction can be achieved by applying pressure. After reduction, the screw is locked by rotating the screw-in handle 10 to maintain the reduction and prepare for screw implantation. The hollow screw is accurately inserted using a two-point alignment method to avoid lateral screw leakage and subsequent collateral injury. The positioning guide pin is located within the bone channel, with proximal and distal ends determined to accurately determine the screw length.

[0015] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum, comprising a fixing and positioning rod, characterized in that: The fixed positioning rod is shaped like a fishing rod and includes a threaded straight rod (1) and a smooth curved rod (2). The smooth bent rod is bent into a flat hook body (3) at the end. The hook body (3) includes a flat starting end and a hook end. The flat starting end is perpendicular to the threaded straight rod (1). The threaded straight rod (1) is fitted with a forward sleeve (4), and the forward sleeve (4) is radially and vertically fixed with a channel screw guide (5), which is parallel to the threaded straight rod (1). The channel screw guide tube is fitted with a positioning guide tube (6), and the axis of the positioning guide tube (6) coincides with the center vertical line of the flat starting end of the hook body.

2. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning guide tube (6) is provided with a positioning needle push handle (7) at the starting end, and the end of the positioning guide tube (6) is conical.

3. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The starting end of the threaded straight rod (1) is also fitted with a screw-in sleeve (8) that pushes the forward sleeve (4) to move forward.

4. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to claim 3, characterized in that: The screw-in sleeve (8) is provided with an operating handle (9) in the radial direction.

5. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to claim 4, characterized in that: The starting end of the screw-in sleeve (8) is symmetrically provided with wing-shaped screw-in handles (10).

6. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed connecting plate (11) is provided between the forward sleeve (4) and the channel screw guide sleeve (5).

7. The posterior column channel screw guide for the acetabulum according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The vertical cross-section of the threaded straight rod (1) is elliptical; the vertical cross-section of the straight rod end of the smooth bent rod (2) is elliptical.

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