Low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal

Abstract

The utility model provides a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, which comprises a terminal shell, and a communication module, a core board, a main control board and a power supply board which are accommodated in the terminal shell, the communication module is in plugging connection with the main control board through a socket and is used for acquiring front-end data from a carrier electric energy meter and a low-voltage shunt monitoring terminal in a low-voltage transformer area; the core board is fixed on the main control board through a standard industrial card seat and is used for receiving and storing front-end data; the main control board is electrically connected with the power supply board through the pin header and the female header, and is used for providing interfaces of various external devices. The communication module and the core board are installed on the main control board, electric energy is supplied by the power supply board, and interfaces of various external devices are uniformly provided on the main control board, so that local storage and calculation functions of various types of data are realized, and the communication cost and the cloud computing pressure are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of data acquisition terminals, and in particular to a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal. Background Technology

[0002] In today's power supply system, older urban areas, often with long histories, have seen their power distribution networks undergo numerous renovations and expansions over time, resulting in a lack of systematic planning in line layout. Lines laid at different times are intertwined, forming a complex network structure. Meanwhile, urban villages, as a unique product of urbanization, have high population densities and high electricity demand. Due to the lack of unified construction standards, various temporary lines are mixed with regular lines, further increasing the complexity of the power grid.

[0003] Because the "household-line-transformer" connection relationship in low-voltage distribution areas is unclear, it is necessary to identify the line topology in this scenario. In traditional solutions, topology identification can be performed using methods such as electricity consumption information analysis, current injection analysis, power outage and restoration analysis, and line layout analysis. Some of these methods require manual intervention, some can only identify household-transformer relationships, and some require big data analysis, necessitating the uploading of large amounts of data to a data center.

[0004] Currently, most commonly used topology identification products are deployed in cloud computing centers, requiring the uploading and storage of large amounts of data for computation, resulting in high computational pressure and communication costs. They are also incompatible with the data reading functions of concentrators and smart meters, as well as the functions of distribution room monitoring terminals, leading to the need to deploy multiple sets of products with different functions in the same distribution area, resulting in additional equipment investment. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model discloses a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, which solves the technical problem that currently commonly used topology identification products cannot be compatible with the data reading function of concentrators and smart meters, nor can they be compatible with the function of power distribution room monitoring terminals. This results in the need to deploy multiple sets of products with different functions in the same distribution area, causing additional equipment investment.

[0006] This utility model embodiment provides a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, including a terminal housing, and a communication module, a core board, a main control board and a power board housed in the terminal housing;

[0007] The communication module is connected to the main control board via a socket and is used to collect front-end data from the carrier energy meter and low-voltage branch monitoring terminal in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0008] The core board is fixed to the main control board via a standard industrial mounting bracket and is used to receive and store the front-end data.

[0009] The main control board is electrically connected to the power board via pin headers and sockets, and is used to provide interfaces for various external devices.

[0010] Optionally, the core board includes a core processor, memory, a watchdog chip, and various first peripheral interfaces.

[0011] Optionally, the core processor is a Cortex-A8 core-based processor;

[0012] The memory includes non-volatile memory chips and dynamic random access memory;

[0013] The first peripheral interface includes serial port, IIC, SDIO and SPI.

[0014] Optionally, the main control board is also equipped with a real-time clock circuit, an LTE communication module, an indicator light group, and various second peripheral interfaces;

[0015] The second peripheral interface includes a local communication interface, a TF card interface, a USB interface, a communication module socket, an SD card slot, and a SIM card slot.

[0016] Optionally, the power board includes a communication transceiver, a WIFI module, a LoRa module, a supercapacitor, and a power supply circuit.

[0017] Optionally, the power board is also provided with a reset button and multiple electrical connection terminals.

[0018] Optionally, the communication transceiver is a two-channel RS-485 transceiver used to receive sensor data collected by the sensor;

[0019] The RS-485 transceiver has a built-in high-speed optocoupler chip and a TVS diode. The high-speed optocoupler chip is used for electrical isolation, and the TVS diode is used for electrostatic protection.

[0020] Optionally, the communication module is a concentrator-type local carrier module, used to receive voltage data collected by the electricity meter or low-voltage branch monitoring terminal.

[0021] Optionally, the standard industrial card slot is provided with multiple pin interfaces for connecting the peripheral interfaces of the main control board and the power board to the core board.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes an antenna module;

[0023] The antenna module is connected to the core board via a slot.

[0024] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages:

[0025] This invention provides a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, including a terminal housing, and a communication module, a core board, a main control board, and a power supply board housed within the terminal housing. The communication module is plugged into the main control board via a socket and is used to acquire front-end data from carrier energy meters and low-voltage branch monitoring terminals in the low-voltage distribution area. The core board is fixed to the main control board via a standard industrial mounting bracket and is used to receive and store the front-end data. The main control board is electrically connected to the power supply board via pin headers and sockets, providing interfaces for various external devices. By mounting the communication module and core board on the main control board, supplying power via the power supply board, and providing unified interfaces for various external devices on the main control board, local storage and computing functions for multiple types of data are achieved, reducing communication costs and cloud computing pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pin interface connection of the core board standard industrial card socket provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the power board and the main control board provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a communication diagram of the low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This utility model discloses a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, which solves the technical problem that most commonly used topology identification products are deployed in cloud computing centers, requiring a large amount of data to be uploaded for storage and calculation, resulting in high computing pressure and high communication costs.

[0033] Please see Figure 1A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] This utility model embodiment provides a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, including a terminal housing 1, and a communication module 2, a core board, a main control board 3 and a power board 4 housed in the terminal housing 1.

[0035] The communication module 2 is connected to the main control board 3 via a socket and is used to collect front-end data from the carrier energy meter and low-voltage branch monitoring terminal in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0036] The core board is fixed to the main control board 3 via a standard industrial bracket and is used to receive and store the front-end data.

[0037] The main control board 3 is electrically connected to the power board 4 via pin headers and sockets, and is used to provide interfaces for various external devices.

[0038] To address the limitation of existing technologies in simultaneously enabling data reading functions of concentrators and smart meters, as well as the functionality of a power distribution room monitoring terminal, this invention provides a low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal. By incorporating a high-performance processor and diverse communication interfaces, it meets the requirements of power distribution rooms. Specifically, to facilitate the replacement of the core board, main control board 3, or power supply board 4, the terminal housing 1 can be a matching L-shaped structure, connected via screws or snap-fit ​​connections. Figure 1 As shown in the diagram. A schematic diagram of the completed assembly is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the terminal housing 1 has multiple through holes to match various peripheral interfaces on the core board, main control board 3, or power board 4, facilitating the connection of external cables to the terminal. In this embodiment, the communication module 2 passes through the top cover of the terminal housing 1 and is plugged into the main control board 3 via a socket. The main control board 3 also has a standard industrial mounting bracket through which the core board is installed. Simultaneously, the main control board 3 is electrically connected to the power board 4 via pin headers and sockets to receive power from the power board 4.

[0039] It should be noted that the standard industrial mounting bracket refers to a connection device with corresponding mounting brackets according to the core board's interface. The core board is fixed to the main control board 3 via the standard industrial mounting bracket. The main control board 3 and the power board 4 are electrically connected via pin headers and sockets, allowing for plug-and-play installation inside the device housing. The communication module 2 (concentrator-type local carrier module) connects to the main control board 3 using a standard socket, allowing for plug-and-play replacement without affecting normal device operation. Local communication interface 35, USB interface 34, SIM card slot 32, SD card slot 33, indicator lights, and other peripheral interfaces are all integrated on the main control board 3; electrical connection terminals 41 and 42, reset button 43, and other peripheral interfaces are integrated on the power board 4. The 4G antenna is directly connected to the module via a standard mounting bracket. This structure improves integration and adheres to modular design. Each module can be plugged and replaced, facilitating upgrades and maintenance, while reducing operating costs. The connection relationships are as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0040] Optionally, the core board includes a core processor, memory, a watchdog chip, and various first peripheral interfaces.

[0041] The core processor is a Cortex-A8 core-based processor;

[0042] The memory includes non-volatile memory chips and dynamic random access memory;

[0043] The first peripheral interface includes serial port, IIC, SDIO and SPI.

[0044] In this embodiment, a high-performance processor based on the Cortex-A8 core is used, employing the Linux operating system. Various interfaces are provided, allowing for easy installation onto the main control board 3 via a plug-in connection for convenient maintenance. The non-volatile memory chip can be a 1GB NAND flash, and the dynamic random access memory can be 512MB DDR3.

[0045] Optionally, the standard industrial card slot is provided with multiple pin interfaces for connecting the peripheral interfaces of the main control board 3 and the power board 4 to the core board.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the standard industrial card slot has multiple pin interfaces, and the core board has pins that match them respectively. The pin interfaces are connected to the peripheral interfaces of the main control board 3 and the power board 4 to receive externally collected data for data processing or to interact with other devices.

[0047] Specifically, the core board can be connected to peripheral interfaces via the following pins: the Ethernet controller is connected to the RJ45 interface via the Ethernet transceiver PHY chip; UART11 is connected to the LoRa interface; UART12 is connected to the WiFi interface; UART13 is connected to the HPLC interface via a level conversion circuit; since RS-485 is a two-way communication structure, UART14 is connected to the RS-485 interface via a 485 transceiver chip; UART15 is connected to the RS-485 interface via a 485 transceiver chip; USB controller a is connected to USB interface 34; USB controller b is connected to the 4G module; the TF card controller is connected to the TF interface; and the IIC interface is connected to the clock chip.

[0048] Optionally, the main control board 3 is also equipped with a real-time clock circuit, an LTE communication module, an indicator light group 31, and various second peripheral interfaces;

[0049] The second peripheral interface includes a local communication interface 35, a TF card interface, a USB interface 34, a communication module 2 socket, an SD card slot 33, and a SIM card slot 32.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the real-time clock circuit uses a real-time clock chip and a battery to provide time information to the terminal. The LTE communication module may specifically include an LTE CAT1 module and its peripheral circuitry, packaged in a PCIe package for easy insertion and removal from the main control board 3. The indicator light group 31 may include multiple indicator lights used to indicate the gateway status—gateway power indicator, core board operation indicator, 100M network port activity and connection indicator, LTE module operation indicator, and Wi-Fi module operation indicator.

[0051] The local communication interface 35 is an Ethernet interface, including a 100Mbps Ethernet chip and its peripheral circuitry, with 10 / 100Mbps adaptive speed. The TK card interface is compatible with standard TF cards and uses an ESD diode for electrostatic discharge protection to prevent interference during TF card insertion and removal. The USB interface 34 is a USB 2.0 interface, also using an ESD diode for electrostatic discharge protection to prevent interference during USB flash drive insertion and removal. The communication module 2 socket uses an industrial standard socket connection style for easy insertion and removal from the main control board 3. The SD card slot 33 is for inserting SD cards for storage, and the SIM card slot 32 is for inserting SIM cards to enable terminal communication with maintenance personnel.

[0052] Optionally, the communication module 2 is a concentrator-type local carrier module, used to receive voltage data collected by the electricity meter or low-voltage branch monitoring terminal.

[0053] It should be noted that communication module 2 may also include a concentrator-type local carrier module and its peripheral circuitry, which can communicate with the energy meter via power lines. It converts the commands sent by the concentrator into carrier signals, transmits them to the energy meter via the power lines, and upon receiving the signals, the energy meter performs corresponding operations and sends the data back to the concentrator-type local carrier module in the form of carrier signals. The module then converts the signals into a data format recognizable by the concentrator and transmits it to the core board for processing.

[0054] Optionally, the power board 4 includes a communication transceiver, a WIFI module, a LoRa module, a supercapacitor, and a power supply circuit.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the WIFI module is a WiFi-to-serial wireless module. The LoRa module refers to a wireless communication module based on LoRa technology, which uses spread spectrum technology to extend the signal to a wider frequency band for transmission. The receiving end uses despreading technology to restore the signal to its original state. This technology can achieve reliable communication even with low signal-to-noise ratios. The supercapacitor includes a 13.5V / 2F supercapacitor and its peripheral charging circuit. Charging begins after the device is powered on and stops when the voltage across the capacitor reaches the power input voltage or 13.1V.

[0056] For the power supply circuit, since the power supply voltage range is 176~528VAC, and it is a three-phase power input, the equipment can be powered as long as any one phase is energized. An AC / DC module generates an internal 5V, and a low-dropout linear regulator converts the internal 5V to 3.3V for use by various chips. A DC / DC isolation module converts the internal 5V to an external 5V for use by the communication circuit, achieving isolation between the internal and external power supplies.

[0057] Furthermore, the communication transceiver is a two-channel RS-485 transceiver used to receive sensor data collected by the sensor.

[0058] The RS-485 transceiver has a built-in high-speed optocoupler chip and a TVS diode. The high-speed optocoupler chip is used for electrical isolation, and the TVS diode is used for electrostatic protection.

[0059] Furthermore, the power board 4 is also provided with a reset button 43 and multiple electrical connection terminals 41 and 42.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the reset button 43 is isolated by a low-speed optocoupler and is protected against electrostatic discharge using a TVS diode.

[0061] Optionally, the terminal also includes an antenna module 5;

[0062] The antenna module 5 is connected to the core board via a slot.

[0063] In this embodiment, the antenna module 5 can be a 4G antenna or a 5G antenna.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal is installed in the branch cabinet of the low-voltage distribution room, compatible with the data reading functions of the concentrator and smart meters; it integrates the current data of smart meters and distribution transformer terminals, and can replace the original concentrator equipment and smart substation monitoring equipment. Simultaneously, firmware upgrades and data export can be performed on the terminal via USB interface 34, and external data storage can be achieved via SD card slot 33 or USB interface 34. Furthermore, for areas with poor network signals, a local area network can be established via WIFI module for data transmission with on-site maintenance personnel. Data interaction with the cloud platform can be achieved via Ethernet or LTE CAT1.

[0065] The low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, through a concentrator-type local carrier module, can read the carrier-based energy meters and low-voltage branch monitoring terminals (or other similar devices) on the entire distribution area, provided that the broadband carrier modules used by these meters and low-voltage branch monitoring terminals (or other similar devices) meet the power grid company's requirements. The concentrator-type local carrier module has strong and weak current interfaces. The weak current interface uses TTL level serial signals, which are connected to the core board's serial port after level conversion. Commands or data sent from the core board's serial port are input to the concentrator-type local carrier module, which then transmits the corresponding communication information to the strong current interface via carrier technology. The strong current interface is directly connected to the A / B / C / N phase power lines input to the low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal through internal circuit board traces, and the final data information is output to the A / B / C / N power lines. The process of receiving information through the core board's serial port is the reverse of sending.

[0066] In another example of this utility model, the terminal can also use a combination of steady-state and transient methods to automatically identify and locate grounding faults in low-voltage power distribution lines, making the determination and handling of grounding faults more stable, more accurate, and more resistant to interference; thereby making the operation of low-voltage power distribution lines more stable, reliable, and efficient.

[0067] For a neutral-point ungrounded system, the fault current is the distributed capacitance current on the line, and the zero-sequence current upstream of the fault point is larger and has opposite polarity than the current downstream of the fault point. In other words, the steady-state characteristics upstream and downstream of the fault point on the faulty line are significantly different, which can be used as a criterion for fault location.

[0068] For a neutral-grounded system, based on its circuit characteristics, the amplitude of the zero-sequence current in the upstream line of the fault point is lower than that in an ungrounded system, and may even be lower than that in the downstream detection point of the fault point. Moreover, the direction of the zero-sequence current is the same as that downstream of the fault point. Therefore, the steady-state fault characteristics are not obvious at this time, and only the transient fault characteristics can be used for judgment.

[0069] Specifically, the terminal can automatically select steady-state or transient characteristics to determine and locate line faults based on the specific characteristics of the line:

[0070] The low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, according to certain logic, interacts with the low-voltage branch monitoring terminal (or other similar equipment), smart carrier meters, etc. on the power line through carrier signals within a certain time period to obtain various types of electrical energy and characteristic information.

[0071] The low-voltage situation front-end data can also be collected by the terminal to statistically analyze the A / B / C / N phase current and voltage information of each node on the line to determine whether short-circuit faults, grounding faults, current imbalance faults, and other real-time anomalies have occurred on the line. Furthermore, by analyzing historical data to predict trends, early warning can be provided. The logical judgment is as follows:

[0072] Short-circuit fault diagnosis: The terminal detects the normal current and voltage of the line. After detecting the change in phase-to-phase short-circuit fault current, it reports the fault information to the collector. Phase-to-phase short-circuit fault characteristic description: The normal load current is I1. The phase-to-phase short-circuit fault causes the current to suddenly increase from I1 to I2. After time t, the circuit breaker trips, causing the current to drop to 0A. The phase voltage U1 is the voltage under normal line operation. After the circuit breaker trips, the voltage drops suddenly from U1 to 0V.

[0073] Current imbalance judgment: Current imbalance refers to the inconsistency in the amplitude of the three-phase currents in a power system, with the amplitude difference exceeding the specified range. This is caused by the uneven load applied to each phase power source and is a fundamental load configuration problem. The occurrence of three-phase imbalance is related to user load characteristics, as well as power system planning and load allocation. The collector collects the current from the sensing terminals. For branches with sensing terminals installed on all three phases, the collector calculates the current imbalance alarm for the branch and uploads the alarm signal to the main station through the distribution transformer terminal.

[0074] Three-phase current imbalance = (Maximum phase current - Average three-phase current) / Average three-phase current × 100%

[0075] (1) Alarm occurs

[0076] If the current imbalance rate exceeds the upper limit threshold (default 50%) and persists for a certain period of time (default 15 minutes), a current imbalance alarm will be generated.

[0077] (2) Alarm recovery

[0078] If a current imbalance alarm occurs and the current imbalance rate is less than the lower threshold (40% for three-phase four-wire by default) for a certain period of time (15 minutes by default), a current imbalance recovery alarm will be generated.

[0079] Grounding fault diagnosis: The grounding fault monitoring and alarm function mainly uses the residual current and phase voltage of the low-voltage outgoing line of the transformer to judge and locate the fault.

[0080] The specific method for residual current detection involves installing a current transformer (CT) on each of the three-phase low-voltage outgoing lines and the neutral line (N). The vector sum of the currents in the three phases and the neutral line (N) is obtained: IA + IB + IC + IN. When the line is normal, this vector sum is zero. When a phase-to-ground fault occurs, the fault current will flow through the protective ground wire, meaning IA + IB + IC + IN ≠ 0. In this case, the value is the ground fault current plus the normal leakage current, which is the residual current. Therefore, when the detected residual current exceeds the alarm threshold (configurable) and the duration exceeds the time threshold (configurable), a ground fault can be identified.

[0081] When a line experiences a ground fault, the voltage drops rapidly to 0. The specific phase line where the ground fault occurred can be located based on the phase voltage collected by the branch terminal.

[0082] Since carrier communication may experience communication failures due to line interruptions, in order to maintain communication between the low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal and the low-voltage branch monitoring terminal (or other similar devices) under such circumstances, the low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal will switch to the LoRa channel after the carrier communication interruption timeout, thereby enabling communication with the low-voltage branch monitoring terminal (which needs to support LoRa communication, or other devices that support LoRa communication).

[0083] The low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal forms a wired local area network via RS-485, and collects information from various sensors and monitoring terminals in the low-voltage power distribution room according to a specific protocol and a specific period, thereby effectively monitoring the internal environment and equipment status of the low-voltage power distribution room.

[0084] The collected data will be saved to a separate TF storage card in the form of a database through the TF card interface module; when the storage data exceeds the limit, the oldest data will be automatically overwritten.

[0085] The USB interface 34 enables online data export, allowing information from the TF memory card to be imported into the USB flash drive. This facilitates the retrieval of original data by shipping personnel in case of data anomalies or missing data in the background.

[0086] The low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal can be directly connected to the Internet via Ethernet or LTE CAT.1 module. It can transmit the collected data to different cloud platforms in JSON format via MQTT or HTTP protocol, and can also receive instructions and configuration information from the cloud platform.

[0087] The low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal can connect to the mobile phone of the freight personnel via WiFi interface. Through the built-in web interface of the low-voltage status front-end data acquisition terminal, users can view various status information, transformer area topology diagrams, etc., and configure parameters with certain permissions.

[0088] This utility model provides a low-voltage situation front-end data acquisition terminal, including a terminal housing, and a communication module, a core board, a main control board, and a power supply board housed within the terminal housing. The communication module is plugged into the main control board via a socket and is used to acquire front-end data from carrier energy meters and low-voltage branch monitoring terminals in the low-voltage distribution area. The core board is fixed to the main control board via a standard industrial mounting bracket and is used to receive and store the front-end data. The main control board is electrically connected to the power supply board via pin headers and sockets, providing interfaces for various external devices. By mounting the communication module and core board on the main control board, supplying power via the power supply board, and providing unified interfaces for various external devices on the main control board, local storage and computing functions for multiple types of data are achieved, reducing communication costs and cloud computing pressure.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0090] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The various embodiments can be combined as needed, and the same or similar parts can be referred to each other.

[0091] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal, characterized in that, It includes a terminal housing, and a communication module, a core board, a main control board, and a power board housed within the terminal housing; The communication module is connected to the main control board via a socket and is used to collect front-end data from the carrier energy meter and low-voltage branch monitoring terminal in the low-voltage distribution area. The core board is fixed to the main control board via a standard industrial mounting bracket and is used to receive and store the front-end data. The main control board is electrically connected to the power board via pin headers and sockets, and is used to provide interfaces for various external devices.

2. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core board includes a core processor, memory, watchdog chip, and various first peripheral interfaces.

3. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The core processor is a Cortex-A8 core-based processor; The memory includes non-volatile memory chips and dynamic random access memory; The first peripheral interface includes serial port, IIC, SDIO and SPI.

4. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control board is also equipped with a real-time clock circuit, an LTE communication module, an indicator light group, and various secondary peripheral interfaces; The second peripheral interface includes a local communication interface, a TF card interface, a USB interface, a communication module socket, an SD card slot, and a SIM card slot.

5. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power board includes a communication transceiver, a WIFI module, a LoRa module, a supercapacitor, and a power circuit.

6. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power board is also equipped with a reset button and multiple electrical connection terminals.

7. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that, The communication transceiver is a two-channel RS-485 transceiver used to receive sensor data collected by the sensor. The RS-485 transceiver has a built-in high-speed optocoupler chip and a TVS diode. The high-speed optocoupler chip is used for electrical isolation, and the TVS diode is used for electrostatic protection.

8. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module is a concentrator-type local carrier module, used to receive voltage data collected by electricity meters or low-voltage branch monitoring terminals.

9. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard industrial card slot is equipped with multiple pin interfaces for connecting the peripheral interfaces of the main control board and the power board to the core board.

10. The low-pressure situation front-end data acquisition terminal according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes an antenna module; The antenna module is connected to the core board via a slot.

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