Teaching experiment teaching aid for centripetal force influence factors

Abstract

The utility model discloses a teaching experiment teaching aid for centripetal force magnitude influence factors, and relates to the technical field of experiment teaching aids, the teaching experiment teaching aid comprises a bottom plate, four vertical rods, four cross rods and fixing columns, the vertical rods are fixedly installed at four corners of the top surface of the bottom plate, the cross rods are fixedly installed between the top ends of the vertical rods which are opposite in pairs, and the fixing columns are fixed on the bottom plate. A driving assembly is fixedly connected to the center of the top face of the bottom plate, and the fixing column is fixedly installed on the top face of a transverse rod. The speed regulation motor is used for stabilizing the rotating speed to improve unstable rotating speed caused by using hands, the rotating speed can be adjusted through the numerical control module, the movement radius is changed by adjusting the height of the force measurement module, operation is simple and visual, and the principle is easy to understand; experimental phenomena of the same mass and different rotating speeds, the same rotating speed and different radiuses, and the same mass and the same rotating speed radius are obvious, so that students can intuitively and quantitatively understand the influence factors of the magnitude of centripetal force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to experimental teaching aid technical field, concretely is a centripetal force size influence factor teaching experimental teaching aid. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the requirement of the middle school physics curriculum standard, the combination of kinematics and force is very important content, in the knowledge system of middle school, the centripetal force size corresponding to the circular motion is a difficulty for students.

[0003] But the centripetal force size influence factor teaching experimental teaching aid still has some shortcomings in actual use: the force can not be directly shown, students can only feel the movement of the object through the sense organ, but can not directly feel the size of the force that the object suffers, when verifying the relationship between the centripetal force, linear velocity and the radius of circular motion, since the object is in the state of motion, the radius of circular motion is difficult to accurately measure, and it is easy to lead to inaccurate data, thereby verifying formula fails, in the existing device, there is friction between the moving object and the surface of the supporting object, and the friction will be part of the centripetal force, thereby leading to the measured force being slightly smaller than the real centripetal force, based on the above at least existing problem, it is easy to lead to the students to understand the circular motion more difficult, and the law of circular motion is easy to be disorderly.

[0004] Therefore, we design a kind of centripetal force size influence factor teaching experimental teaching aid to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a kind of centripetal force size influence factor teaching experimental teaching aid to solve the problems in the above background art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of centripetal force size influence factor teaching experimental teaching aid, including bottom plate, vertical rod, cross bar and fixed column, the vertical rod is fixedly installed in the top surface four corners of bottom plate, the number of vertical rod is four, the cross bar is fixedly installed between the top end of two two opposite vertical rods, the top surface central place of bottom plate is fixedly connected with drive assembly, the fixed column is fixedly installed at the top surface of one cross bar, the side of fixed column is detachably connected with adjusting assembly, the adjusting assembly is detachably connected with fixed column by lock bolt.

[0007] Further, the drive assembly includes a bench vice, the bench vice is fixedly installed at the top surface central place of bottom plate, the bench vice top end is fixedly connected with motor, the drive end of motor is fixedly connected with rotating plate, one end of rotating plate is fixedly connected with rolling track.

[0008] Further, the adjusting assembly comprises a fixing block arranged at one side of the fixing column, a locking bolt is threadedly connected with the fixing block, the locking bolt penetrates through the fixing block and abuts against the outer sidewall of the fixing column, one side of the fixing block is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the bottom of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a tension sensor at an end away from the fixing column, the other end of the tension sensor is fixedly connected with a fine wire, the top surface of the rotating plate is fixedly connected with a fixed pulley at an end away from the rolling rail, the fine wire is rollingly connected with the fixed pulley, and the other end of the fine wire is fixedly connected with a test ball.

[0009] Further, the bottom surface of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a plumb line, the other end of the plumb line is fixedly connected with a plumb ball, and one side of the fixing column is fixedly connected with a scale.

[0010] Further, the top end of the cross rod is fixedly connected with a fixing rod, the top surface of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with an ESP development board and a lithium battery, and the lithium battery, the ESP development board and the tension sensor are electrically connected.

[0011] Further, the rolling rail is a double-rail structure, and the spacing between the two parallel inner walls of the rolling rail is matched with the diameter of the test ball.

[0012] Further, the top end of the cross rod is fixedly connected with a display screen.

[0013] Further, the motor is connected with a power supply, a rotating speed regulator is connected in series between the power supply and the motor, and the rotating speed regulator is connected with a number display screen through a Dupont wire.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] Based on the hand-operated centripetal force demonstration instrument experimental teaching aid, the speed regulating motor is used to stabilize the speed and improve the unstable speed caused by manual operation, the speed can be adjusted through a numerical control module, the motion radius can be changed by adjusting the height of the force measuring module, the operation is simple, the principle is easy to understand, the experimental phenomena of the same mass with different speeds, the same speed with different radii and different masses with the same speed and radius are obvious, and students can intuitively and quantitatively understand the influencing factors of the centripetal force.

[0016] Moreover, the teaching aid uses sensors to process data, the experimental data is high in precision and small in error, the error between the measured centripetal force and the true value can be controlled within 5%, the ESP32 board used is provided with a Bluetooth module, data can be transmitted to a teacher terminal through Bluetooth, the limitation of data lines on the experimental operation space can be solved, experimental data and images can be easily shown to students, and the application of modern education technology in the improvement of middle school physics experiment teaching is embodied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Fig. 1 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic view of the external main body of the utility model;

[0018] Fig. 2 It is the structure schematic view of the driving assembly of the utility model;

[0019] Fig. 3 It is the structure schematic view of the adjusting assembly of the utility model.

[0020] In the drawing: 1, bottom plate;2, vertical rod;3, crossbar;4, bench vice;5, motor;6, rotating plate;7, rolling track;8, fixed pulley;9, fixed column;10, fixed block;11, locking bolt;12, connecting rod;13, tension sensor;14, fine wire;15, test ball;16, plumb line;17, plumb ball;18, scale;19, fixed rod;20, ESP32 development board;21, lithium battery;22, display screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0022] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 The utility model provides a kind of technical solutions: a centripetal force size influence factor teaching experiment teaching aid, including bottom plate 1, vertical rod 2, crossbar 3 and fixed column 9, vertical rod 2 is fixedly installed at the top surface four corners of bottom plate 1, the quantity of vertical rod 2 is four, crossbar 3 is fixedly installed between the top end of two two opposite vertical rod 2, the top surface central place of bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with driving assembly, fixed column 9 is fixedly installed at the top surface of one crossbar 3, the side of fixed column 9 can be detachably connected with adjusting assembly, adjusting assembly is detachably connected with fixed column 9 by locking bolt 11.

[0023] Please refer to Figs. 1-3 Driving assembly includes bench vice 4, bench vice 4 is fixedly installed at the top surface central place of bottom plate 1, the top end of bench vice 4 is fixedly connected with motor 5, the drive end of motor 5 is fixedly connected with rotating plate 6, one end of rotating plate 6 is fixedly connected with rolling track 7.

[0024] In specific implementation, the relationship between the centripetal force and the mass is explored, the power is connected to make the motor 5 electrified, the tension sensor 13 is connected with the lithium battery 21, after it is determined that the tension sensor 13 starts to be normally used, the power of the motor 5 is turned on, the motor 5 drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate, at this time the centripetal force can be read on the display screen 22; the power of the motor 5 is turned off, the power of the tension sensor 13 is disconnected, the test ball 15 is placed into the track at the front end of the rolling track 7, the power of the tension sensor 13 is connected again, after it is determined that the tension sensor 13 starts to be normally used, the power of the motor 5 is turned on, the motor 5 drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate, at this time the centripetal force Fn can be read on the display screen 22; the power of the motor 5 is turned off, the radius and the rotating speed are kept unchanged, the mass of the test ball 15 is reduced and increased in turn, and the above experimental steps are repeated; after the measurement is completed, the experimental data is exported and analyzed.

[0025] The relationship between the centripetal force and the rotating speed is explored, the power is connected to make the motor 5 electrified, the tension sensor 13 is connected with the connecting rod 12, after it is determined that the tension sensor 13 starts to be normally used, the power of the motor 5 is turned on, the motor 5 drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate, the rotating speed percentage is changed from 0 to 100% by 10% in turn through the rotating speed regulator, and the centripetal force is read on the display screen 22 respectively; the power of the motor 5 is turned off, the power of the tension sensor 13 is disconnected, the test ball 15 is placed into the track at the front end of the rolling track 7, the mass and the radius are kept unchanged, the power of the tension sensor 13 is connected again, and the above experimental steps are repeated; after the measurement is completed, the experimental data is exported and analyzed.

[0026] Referring to Figs. 1-3 , the adjusting assembly comprises a fixed block 10, the fixed block 10 is arranged on one side of the fixed column 9, the fixed block 10 is threadedly connected with a locking bolt 11, the locking bolt 11 penetrates through the fixed block 10 and abuts against the outer sidewall of the fixed column 9, one side of the fixed block 10 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 12, one end of the connecting rod 12 away from the fixed column 9 in the bottom is fixedly connected with a tension sensor 13, the other end of the tension sensor 13 is fixedly connected with a fine wire 14, one end of the top surface of the rotating plate 6 away from the rolling track 7 is fixedly connected with a fixed pulley 8, the fine wire 14 is rollingly connected with the fixed pulley 8, the other end of the fine wire 14 is fixedly connected with a test ball 15, and the test ball 15 is arranged above the rolling track 7.

[0027] In specific implementation, when it is needed to adjust the rotating radius of the test ball 15 in the experimental process, the locking bolt 11 is unscrewed, the fixed block 10 is moved up and down along the fixed column 9 by a proper distance, the fine wire 14 is driven to move, so that the test ball 15 moves along the direction of the rolling track 7, the rotating radius of the test ball 15 is changed, the vertical length of the fine wire 14 is compared with the scale 18, the position is determined, the fixed block 10 is locked by screwing the locking bolt 11, and then the radius length of the test ball 15 can be fixed after the rotating radius of the test ball 15 is adjusted.

[0028] Referring toFigs. 1-3 A plumb line 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting rod 12, and a plumb ball 17 is fixedly connected to the other end of the plumb line 16. A scale 18 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed column 9. The plumb line 16 and the plumb ball 17 allow the experimenter to observe whether the connecting rod 12 and the fixed column 9 are perpendicular, and ensure that the vertical length of the thin line 14 can be accurately read through the scale 18.

[0029] See Figs. 1-3 A fixed rod 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbar 3. An ESP32 development board 20 and a lithium battery 21 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the fixed rod 19. The lithium battery 21, the ESP32 development board 20 and the tension sensor 13 are all electrically connected. The tension sensor 13 is used to process the data. The experimental data has high accuracy and small error. The error between the measured centripetal force and the true value can be controlled within 5%. The ESP32 development board 20 has a built-in Bluetooth module, which can transmit the data to the display screen 22 via Bluetooth. This solves the limitation of the experimental operation space caused by the data cable and makes it easy to show the experimental data and images to students. It reflects the application of modern educational technology in the improvement of middle school physics experimental teaching.

[0030] See Figs. 1-3 The rolling rail 7 has a double-rail structure. The distance between the two parallel inner walls of the rolling rail 7 matches the diameter of the test ball 15, ensuring that the running trajectory of the test ball 15 is within a controllable range during the experiment.

[0031] See Figs. 1-3 The top of the crossbar 3 is fixedly connected to the display screen 22. The motor 5 is connected to an external power supply. A speed regulator is connected in series between the power supply and the motor 5. The speed regulator is connected to the display screen through DuPont wires. The motor 5 is used to stabilize the speed, which improves the speed instability caused by manual operation. The speed can be adjusted by the speed regulator.

[0032] Working principle:

[0033] To investigate the relationship between the magnitude of centripetal force and mass, connect the power supply to power motor 5, connect tension sensor 13 to lithium battery 21, and after confirming that tension sensor 13 is functioning normally, turn on the power to motor 5. Motor 5 drives rotating plate 6 to rotate. At this time, the centripetal force can be read on display screen 22. Turn off the power to base motor 5, disconnect the power to tension sensor 13, place test ball 15 into the track at the front end of rolling rail 7, reconnect the power to tension sensor 13, and after confirming that tension sensor 13 is functioning normally, turn on the power to motor 5. Motor 5 drives rotating plate 6 to rotate. At this time, the centripetal force Fn can be read on display screen 22. Turn off the power to motor 5, keep the radius and rotation speed constant, and successively decrease and increase the mass of test ball 15, repeating the above experimental steps. After the measurement is completed, export the experimental data for analysis.

[0034] To explore the relationship between centripetal force and rotational speed, connect the power supply to make the motor 5 electrified, connect the tension sensor 13 with the connecting rod 12, determine that the tension sensor 13 is in normal use, turn on the power supply of the motor 5, the motor 5 drives the rotating plate 6 to rotate, change the rotational speed percentage from 0 to 100% by 10% through the rotational speed regulator, and read the centripetal force on the display screen 22 respectively; turn off the power supply of the motor 5, disconnect the power supply of the tension sensor 13, put the test ball 15 into the track at the front end of the rolling track 7, keep the mass and radius unchanged, connect the power supply of the tension sensor 13 again, repeat the above experimental steps; after the measurement is completed, export the experimental data and analyze it.

[0035] When it is necessary to adjust the rotating radius of the test ball 15 during the experiment, unscrew the locking bolt 11, move the fixed block 10 along the fixed column 9 in the up and down direction by a suitable distance, drive the fine line 14 to move, so that the test ball 15 moves along the direction of the rolling track 7, changes the rotating radius of the test ball 15, compares the vertical length of the fine line 14 with the scale 18, determines the position, and locks the fixed block 10 by tightening the locking bolt 11, so as to fix the radius length of the test ball 15 after the adjustment of the rotating radius is completed.

Claims

1. A teaching aid for experiments on the influencing factors of centripetal force, comprising a base plate (1), a vertical rod (2), a horizontal rod (3), and a fixed column (9), characterized in that, The vertical rods (2) are fixedly installed at the four corners of the top surface of the base plate (1). There are four vertical rods (2). The horizontal rods (3) are fixedly installed between the tops of the two opposite vertical rods (2). A drive assembly is fixedly connected to the center of the top surface of the base plate (1). The fixed column (9) is fixedly installed on the top surface of one horizontal rod (3). An adjustment assembly is detachably connected to one side of the fixed column (9). The adjustment assembly is detachably connected to the fixed column (9) by a locking bolt (11).

2. The teaching aid for the experimental study on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a vise (4), which is fixedly installed at the center of the top surface of the base plate (1). A motor (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the vise (4), and a rotating plate (6) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the motor (5). A rolling rail (7) is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating plate (6).

3. The teaching aid for the experiment on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a fixing block (10), which is disposed on one side of the fixing column (9). The fixing block (10) is threaded with a locking bolt (11), which passes through the fixing block (10) and abuts against the outer wall of the fixing column (9). A connecting rod (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing block (10). A tension sensor (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (12) away from the fixing column (9). A thin wire (14) is fixedly connected to the other end of the tension sensor (13). A fixed pulley (8) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the rotating plate (6) away from the rolling rail (7). The thin wire (14) is tumblingly connected to the fixed pulley (8). A test ball (15) is fixedly connected to the other end of the thin wire (14). The test ball (15) is disposed above the rolling rail (7).

4. The teaching aid for the experimental study on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A plumb line (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting rod (12), a plumb ball (17) is fixedly connected to the other end of the plumb line (16), and a scale (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing column (9).

5. The teaching aid for the experiment on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A fixing rod (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the crossbar (3). An ESP32 development board (20) and a lithium battery (21) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the fixing rod (19). The lithium battery (21), the ESP32 development board (20), and the tension sensor (13) are all electrically connected.

6. The teaching aid for the experimental study on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The rolling rail (7) has a double-rail structure, and the distance between the two parallel inner walls of the rolling rail (7) matches the diameter of the test ball (15).

7. The teaching aid for the experimental study on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the crossbar (3) is fixedly connected to a display screen (22).

8. The teaching aid for the experimental study on the influencing factors of centripetal force as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The motor (5) is connected to an external power source, and a speed regulator is connected in series between the power source and the motor (5). The speed regulator is connected to a display screen via DuPont wires.

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