Sealing structure of water turbine runner, water turbine runner and water turbine

Abstract

The utility model provides a water turbine runner sealing structure, a water turbine runner and a water turbine, the water turbine runner is arranged in the water turbine, the water turbine comprises a bottom ring, the water turbine runner comprises a lower ring, the outer side of the lower ring and the inner side of the bottom ring are oppositely arranged, and a cavity is defined. The sealing structure comprises a labyrinth sealing structure which is arranged between the lower ring and the bottom ring on at least one side of the cavity in the axial direction of the lower ring. The labyrinth sealing structure is arranged on at least one side of the cavity between the lower ring and the bottom ring, so that the stroke of water flow passing through the lower ring and the bottom ring of the rotating wheel can be increased, the linear loss and the volume loss in the stroke can be increased, strong resistance can be formed for the water flow, and the water flow is prevented from entering and passing through the stroke quickly; therefore, water leakage without acting is reduced, and the effect of sealing water flow is enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to water turbine generator technology field, concretely relates to a sealing structure of water turbine runner, water turbine runner and water turbine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water turbine is the power machinery that water flow's energy is converted for rotating mechanical energy, wherein, the action of water turbine runner is to convert water flow's energy into rotating mechanical energy, thereby drive generator produces electric energy. The sealing mode of water turbine runner mainly is through setting up sealing device between rotating part and fixed part, thereby reaches the purpose of sealing water, and the common sealing form has three kinds of gap type, step type and comb tooth type.

[0003] But, the water turbine in the operation process, due to the sealing problem of the lower ring of water turbine runner, there is greater water leakage in the position of rotating seal of runner, can directly influence the efficiency and stability of water turbine unit. In addition, due to the different conditions of water head, silt content of each power station, there is silt accumulation in the sealing tooth bottom in the power station with more silt content, which can damage the sealing tooth and affect the efficiency and stability of the power station operation. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiment of the utility model provides a sealing structure of water turbine runner, water turbine runner and water turbine, can improve the technical problem of water leakage of runner in the rotating seal.

[0005] Firstly, the embodiment of the utility model provides a sealing structure of water turbine runner, and the water turbine runner is arranged in the water turbine, and the water turbine includes a bottom ring, and the water turbine runner includes a lower ring, and the outer side of the lower ring is arranged opposite to the inner side of the bottom ring and defines a cavity, and the sealing structure includes: a labyrinth seal structure arranged between the lower ring and the bottom ring on at least one side of the cavity in the axial direction of the lower ring.

[0006] In the embodiment of the utility model, by setting the labyrinth seal structure on at least one side of the cavity between the lower ring and the bottom ring, the travel of water flow through the lower ring and the bottom ring of runner can be increased, the along-path loss and volume loss between the travels can be increased, a strong resistance can be formed on the water flow, the water flow can be prevented from entering and quickly passing through the travel, thereby reducing the water leakage without work, and the effect of sealing water flow is enhanced.

[0007] In an embodiment, the labyrinth seal structure includes first and second grooves arranged on the outer side of the lower ring and the inner side of the bottom ring respectively, and the first and second grooves are arranged opposite to each other.

[0008] In an embodiment, a plurality of first grooves and a plurality of second grooves are provided, and the first grooves and the second grooves correspond to each other one by one.

[0009] In the embodiment of the utility model, through setting a plurality of first grooves and second grooves, the travel of water flow between the lower ring and the bottom ring of the runner can be fully increased.

[0010] In an embodiment, the hydraulic turbine further comprises a runner sealing ring, the runner sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ring, and the runner sealing ring and the bottom ring are stacked, and the sealing structure further comprises a stepped comb sealing structure provided between the inner side of the runner sealing ring and the outer side of the lower ring.

[0011] In the embodiment of the utility model, by setting the stepped comb sealing structure between the inner side of the runner sealing ring and the outer side of the lower ring, the thrust load can be reduced, the high reliability of the thrust bearing can be ensured, and the accumulation of silt at the comb can be reduced, so that the safe and stable operation of the power station is ensured.

[0012] In an embodiment, one of the inner side of the runner sealing ring and the outer side of the lower ring is provided with at least one comb, and the other is provided with at least one step, the step corresponds to the comb one by one, and each comb extends towards the corresponding step, so as to define the stepped comb sealing structure between the outer side of the lower ring and the inner side of the sealing ring.

[0013] In an embodiment, each step comprises a first step surface and a second step surface, the first step surface is radially parallel to the lower ring, the second step surface is axially parallel to the lower ring, and one end of the comb away from the lower ring is arranged opposite to the first step surface, and each comb extends towards the first step surface of the corresponding step.

[0014] In the embodiment of the utility model, by making the first step surface radially parallel to the lower ring, the second step surface axially parallel to the lower ring, and each comb extending towards the first step surface of the corresponding step, the comb can extend along the direction of water flow passing between the runner sealing ring and the lower ring, so as to reduce the abrasion of the comb.

[0015] In an embodiment, a third groove is provided on the step, and the third groove is recessed from the second step surface to the outer side of the runner sealing ring or the inner side of the lower ring.

[0016] In the embodiment of the utility model, by providing the third groove on the step, the abrasion of the comb by silt can be reduced, and the accumulation of silt at the comb can be reduced.

[0017] In an embodiment, the comb teeth are arranged outside the lower ring and protrude along the axial direction of the lower ring, and the width of the comb teeth gradually decreases in the direction away from the lower ring.

[0018] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the comb teeth outside the lower ring and protruding along the axial direction of the lower ring, the impact of water flow on the comb teeth can be reduced, thereby reducing the abrasion of the comb teeth. By gradually reducing the width of the comb teeth in the direction away from the lower ring, the abrasion of the comb teeth can be further reduced.

[0019] In an embodiment, a gap is arranged between the side of the comb teeth opposite to the first step surface and the first step surface.

[0020] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging a gap between the side of the comb teeth opposite to the first step surface and the first step surface, the accumulation of silt at the comb teeth can be reduced, thereby reducing the abrasion of the comb teeth.

[0021] In an embodiment, the side of the comb teeth away from the lower ring is in gap cooperation with the second step surface.

[0022] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a water turbine runner, comprising the sealing structure of the water turbine runner as described above, and the water turbine runner further comprises: an upper crown; a runner blade, one end of the runner blade is connected with the upper crown, and the inner side of the lower ring is connected with one end of the runner blade away from the upper crown.

[0023] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a water turbine, comprising the water turbine runner as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the water turbine runner along the central axis (the bottom ring and the runner sealing ring are shown in the figure) provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of position A in the figure;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is an enlarged view of position B in the figure;

[0028] Figure 4 isFigure 1 An enlarged view of C;

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of C;

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 1 An enlarged view of C.

[0031] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: upper crown-1; runner blade-2; lower ring-3; cavity-4; labyrinth seal structure-5; first groove-51; second groove-52; stepped comb seal structure-6; comb-61; step-62; first step surface-621; second step surface-622; third groove-63; bottom ring-7; runner sealing ring-8. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless stated otherwise, the orientation words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower of the device in the actual use or working state, and specifically refer to the direction of the drawing in the drawings; and "inner" and "outer" refer to the outline of the device.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-6 In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a sealing structure of a water turbine runner, the water turbine runner is arranged in a water turbine, the water turbine comprises a bottom ring 7, the water turbine runner comprises a lower ring 3, the outer side of the lower ring 3 is arranged opposite to the inner side of the bottom ring 7, and a cavity 4 is defined, and the sealing structure comprises: a labyrinth seal structure 5 arranged between the lower ring 3 and the bottom ring 7 at least one side of the cavity 4 in the axial direction of the lower ring 3.

[0034] It can be understood that the runner blade 2 is arranged between the upper crown 1 and the lower ring 3 to guide the flow of water, and a flow passage is formed between the upper crown 1 and the lower ring 3. When the water turbine is in operation, the cavity 4 between the outer side of the lower ring 3 and the inner side of the bottom ring 7 is filled with water under pressure, which can avoid friction between the runner and the bottom ring 7 during operation and ensure reliable operation of the runner. The gap between the outer side of the lower ring 3 and the inner side of the bottom ring 7 can be formed by the recess on the inner side of the bottom ring 7 and the outer side of the lower ring 3. The shape and size of the lower ring 3, the cavity 4, and the bottom ring 7 can be set as needed. In the direction of the flow of water through the flow passage, the diameter of the lower ring 3 gradually decreases, and the labyrinth seal structure 5 on both sides of the cavity 4 can be arranged at the maximum radial diameter of the lower ring 3 and the lowest water pressure position of the lower ring 3, respectively.

[0035] In an embodiment, the labyrinth seal structure 5 includes first grooves 51 and second grooves 52 arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3 and the inner side of the bottom ring 7, respectively, and the first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 are oppositely arranged.

[0036] It can be understood that the size and shape of the first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 can be set as needed. The size of the first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 can be the same or different. The first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 are oppositely arranged, which means that the openings of the first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 at least partially overlap.

[0037] In an embodiment, a plurality of first grooves 51 and a plurality of second grooves 52 are arranged, and the first grooves 51 and the second grooves 52 correspond one by one.

[0038] It can be understood that the number of first grooves 51 and second grooves 52 on both sides of the cavity 4 can be set as needed, and the number of first grooves 51 and second grooves 52 included in the labyrinth seal structure 5 on both sides of the cavity 4 can be the same or different.

[0039] In an embodiment, the water turbine further includes a runner sealing ring 8, the runner sealing ring 8 is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3, and the runner sealing ring 8 and the bottom ring 7 are arranged in layers, and the sealing structure further includes a stepped comb seal structure 6 arranged between the inner side of the runner sealing ring 8 and the outer side of the lower ring 3.

[0040] It can be understood that the runner sealing ring 8 and the bottom ring 7 are arranged in layers, which means that the runner sealing ring 8 and the bottom ring 7 are arranged in layers and adjacent to each other, or the runner sealing ring 8 and the bottom ring 7 are arranged in layers but not adjacent to each other. When the runner sealing ring 8 and the bottom ring 7 are arranged in layers and adjacent to each other, the adjacent surfaces of the two abut each other. The stepped comb seal structure 6 refers to a sealing structure formed by a step and a comb 61.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 4-6In an embodiment, one of the inner side of the runner seal ring 8 and the outer side of the lower ring 3 is provided with at least one comb tooth 61, and the other is provided with at least one step 62 corresponding to the comb tooth 61, and each comb tooth 61 extends towards the first step face 621 of the corresponding step 62 to define the stepped comb seal structure 6 between the outer side of the lower ring 3 and the inner side of the seal ring.

[0042] It can be understood that the comb tooth 61 is arranged on the inner side of the runner seal ring 8, and the step 62 is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3, or the comb tooth 61 is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3, and the step 62 is arranged on the inner side of the runner seal ring 8. The comb tooth 61 refers to a protruding tooth-like structure. A plurality of comb teeth 61 can be arranged at intervals, which can be arranged at equal intervals or non-equal intervals.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 4-6 In an embodiment, each step 62 includes a first step face 621 parallel to the radial direction of the lower ring 3 and a second step face 622 parallel to the axial direction of the lower ring 3, and an end of the comb tooth 61 away from the lower ring 3 is arranged opposite to the first step face 621, and each comb tooth 61 extends towards the first step face 621 of the corresponding step 62.

[0044] It can be understood that each comb tooth 61 extends towards the first step face 621 of the corresponding step 62, and the first step face 621 is parallel to the radial direction of the lower ring 3, so the extension direction of the comb tooth 61 is the same as the direction of the water flow through the space between the runner seal ring 8 and the lower ring 3.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 5-6 In an embodiment, the step 62 is provided with a third groove 63 recessed from the second step face 622 to the outer side of the runner seal ring 8 or the inner side of the lower ring 3.

[0046] It can be understood that the size and shape of the third groove 63 can be set as needed. When the step 62 is arranged on the inner side of the runner seal ring 8, the third groove 63 is arranged on the inner side of the runner seal ring 8 and recessed to the outer side of the runner seal ring 8, and when the step 62 is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3, the third groove 63 is arranged on the lower ring 3 and recessed to the inner side of the lower ring 3.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 4-5 In an embodiment, the comb tooth 61 is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring 3 and protrudes along the axial direction of the lower ring 3, and the width of the comb tooth 61 gradually decreases in the direction away from the lower ring 3.

[0048] It can be understood that the diameter of the lower ring 3 gradually decreases along the direction of water flow through the flow passage, the comb teeth 61 are axially protruded along the lower ring 3, and the width of the comb teeth 61 gradually decreases along the direction away from the lower ring 3, so the width of the comb teeth 61 gradually decreases along the direction of water flow through the flow passage.

[0049] In an embodiment, a gap is arranged between the side of the comb teeth 61 opposite to the first step surface 621 and the first step surface 621.

[0050] It can be understood that the size of the gap between the comb teeth 61 and the first step surface 621 can be set as required.

[0051] In an embodiment, the side of the comb teeth 61 away from the lower ring 3 is in gap cooperation with the second step surface 622.

[0052] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the utility model provide a water turbine runner, comprising the sealing structure of the water turbine runner.

[0053] The upper crown 1;

[0054] The runner blade 2, one end of the runner blade 2 is connected with the upper crown 1, and the inner side of the lower ring 3 is connected with one end of the runner blade 2 away from the upper crown 1.

[0055] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the utility model provide a water turbine, comprising the water turbine runner.

[0056] The embodiments of the utility model are introduced in detail above, and the principle and implementation mode of the utility model are described by applying specific examples in this paper, and the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the utility model; at the same time, for the skilled in the art, according to the idea of the utility model, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed, and according to the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

Claims

1. A sealing structure of a water turbine runner, the water turbine runner being arranged in a water turbine, the water turbine including a bottom ring, the water turbine runner including a lower ring, the lower ring being arranged opposite to an inner side of the bottom ring and defining a cavity, characterized in that, The sealing structure comprises a labyrinth sealing structure between the lower ring and the bottom ring on at least one side of the cavity in the axial direction of the lower ring.

2. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that The labyrinth sealing structure comprises a first groove and a second groove arranged on the outer side of the lower ring and the inner side of the bottom ring, respectively, and the first groove and the second groove are oppositely arranged.

3. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 2, characterized in that The first groove and the second groove are both arranged in plurality, and the first groove and the second groove are one-to-one corresponding.

4. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 1, characterized in that The water turbine further comprises a runner sealing ring, the runner sealing ring is sleeved on the outer side of the lower ring, and the runner sealing ring is stacked with the bottom ring, and the sealing structure further comprises a stepped comb sealing structure arranged between the inner side of the runner sealing ring and the outer side of the lower ring.

5. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 4, characterized in that One of the inner side of the runner sealing ring and the outer side of the lower ring is provided with at least one comb, and the other is provided with at least one step, the step and the comb are one-to-one corresponding, and each step comb extends towards the corresponding step to define the stepped comb sealing structure between the outer side of the lower ring and the inner side of the sealing ring.

6. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 5, characterized in that Each step comprises a first step surface and a second step surface, the first step surface is radially parallel to the lower ring, the second step surface is axially parallel to the lower ring, and the end of the comb away from the lower ring is oppositely arranged with the first step surface, and each step comb extends towards the first step surface of the corresponding step.

7. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 6, characterized in that The step is provided with a third groove, and the third groove is recessed from the second step surface to the outer side of the runner sealing ring or the inner side of the lower ring.

8. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 6, characterized in that The comb is arranged on the outer side of the lower ring and protrudes in the axial direction of the lower ring, and the width of the comb gradually decreases in the direction away from the lower ring.

9. The seal structure of a hydraulic turbine runner according to claim 8, characterized in that The side of the comb opposite to the first step surface is provided with a gap between the first step surface; and / or The side of the comb away from the lower ring is gap-fitted with the second step surface.

10. A hydraulic turbine runner characterized by The sealing structure of the water turbine runner comprises the sealing structure of the water turbine runner according to any one of claims 1-9, and the water turbine runner further comprises: a top crown; runner blades, one end of the runner blades is connected with the top crown, and the inner side of the lower ring is connected with the end of the runner blades away from the top crown.

11. A hydraulic turbine characterized by The water turbine runner comprises the water turbine runner according to claim 10.

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