Real-time monitoring and alarming system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability
By setting up a liquid column height difference monitoring system at benchmark points and monitoring points in geological hazard-prone areas, the problem of real-time monitoring and timely alarm in existing technologies has been solved, achieving efficient and accurate monitoring and alarm functions.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423275661.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies cannot achieve real-time monitoring and timely alarm in areas prone to geological disasters, resulting in high monitoring costs, low efficiency, and poor accuracy.
The liquid column height difference monitoring method is adopted. By setting up benchmark points and monitoring points in areas with potential geological hazards, and using liquid conduits to connect the benchmark points and monitoring points to the liquid column height measuring devices, combined with the controller for data analysis and alarm threshold setting, real-time monitoring and alarm can be achieved.
It enables real-time monitoring of areas prone to geological disasters, reduces the workload of monitoring personnel, increases the amount of data collected and the accuracy of monitoring, and ensures timely alarms and accurate early warnings.
Smart Images
Figure CN223651069U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of geological disaster prevention and control, and relates to a real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability. Background Technology
[0002] Geological disasters refer to geological phenomena that cause damage and loss to human life, property, and the environment, resulting from natural or human factors. These mainly include landslides, mudslides, debris flows, ground subsidence, ground fissures, and ground settlement. Geological disasters tend to be more active during severe weather events or earthquakes, and are characterized by their hidden and sudden nature. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and analyze these disasters using monitoring equipment to provide early warnings and evacuate people from hazardous areas before they occur.
[0003] Currently, conventional methods for preventing, forecasting, and monitoring geological disasters primarily involve setting up monitoring points in potential disaster areas. Monitoring personnel use optical measuring instruments such as levels and total stations to measure vertical ground displacement in these areas. This data, combined with topographical and geological analysis, is used to determine the type, scale, mechanism, and main triggering factors of the disaster. This allows for early warning when triggering factors occur. However, conventional monitoring methods require personnel to conduct regular on-site work, increasing their workload. Furthermore, most monitoring instruments are precision optical instruments, which are highly sensitive to environmental conditions (e.g., unusable in extreme weather or at night) and require manual operation. This makes it impossible to monitor potential disaster areas in real time when triggering factors occur, hindering timely warnings before geological disasters. The limited amount of monitoring data during critical periods reduces the accuracy of disaster mechanism analysis. This approach is not only costly but also inefficient and inaccurate. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective real-time monitoring system that provides timely pre-disaster warnings. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a real-time monitoring and alarm device for vertical ground displacement and slope instability. It employs a monitoring method based on the difference in liquid column height. Measurement points are distributed along topographic contour lines at different elevations within the geological hazard zone to form a monitoring profile. These measurement points are divided into reference points and monitoring points, connected by a liquid conduit to maintain a horizontal liquid level between the reference and monitoring points. The device monitors and records the vertical deformation of the ground in the geological hazard zone in real time by measuring changes in the liquid column height. A controller then iteratively analyzes the monitoring data to determine the geological hazard occurrence mechanism and adjusts the alarm values to improve alarm accuracy. By setting alarm thresholds for vertical ground displacement and displacement rate, the controller can issue an alarm when the deformation in the hazard area reaches the threshold (i.e., on the eve of a geological disaster).
[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability includes a reference point and monitoring points. The reference point consists of a foundation, a protective box, a controller, and a reference point liquid column measuring device. Steel pipe piles are installed at the bottom of the foundation, the protective box is installed on the foundation, the reference point liquid column measuring device is installed inside the protective box, and the controller is installed above the reference point liquid column measuring device. The controller consists of a paperless recorder and a wireless transmission module, a battery pack is installed on one side of the controller, and an alarm device is installed on the top of the protective box. The monitoring point consists of a foundation, a protective shell, and a monitoring point liquid column measuring device. The protective shell is installed on the foundation, and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device is installed inside the protective shell. The reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected through a liquid conduit with a liquid filling head. Both the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected to the controller via monitoring cables, and cable sleeves are installed outside the monitoring cables.
[0007] Both the reference point liquid column height measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column height measuring device consist of a mounting base, a weighing sensor, a cylindrical liquid container, a sealing cover, and a connecting hose. The mounting base is placed on the foundation, and the sealing cover is installed on the mounting base. Inside the sealing cover, the weighing sensor and the cylindrical liquid container are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The cylindrical liquid container is connected to the liquid conduit through the connecting hose, and the weighing sensor is connected to the monitoring cable.
[0008] Furthermore, the monitoring point liquid column measuring device also includes a suspension mechanism, which consists of a hook frame and a hook. The hook frame is set on the mounting base, and the hook is set on the top of the hook frame. The weighing sensor and the cylindrical liquid container are hung on the hook from top to bottom. The bottom of the cylindrical liquid container is connected to the liquid conduit through a connecting hose.
[0009] Furthermore, a photovoltaic panel is installed on the top of the protective box, and the photovoltaic panel is connected to the battery pack.
[0010] Furthermore, the alarm device is an audible and visual alarm.
[0011] This utility model provides a real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0012] 1. This utility model sets benchmark points and monitoring points along topographic contour lines at different elevations in geological disaster-prone areas, connecting them via liquid conduits. Liquid is then injected into sealed liquid column height measuring devices at both benchmark and monitoring points. The vertical deformation of the ground in the monitoring area is recorded in real time by monitoring the height difference between the liquid columns at the benchmark and monitoring points. When the vertical deformation displacement or displacement rate exceeds a set threshold, an audible and visual alarm is triggered to alert personnel to evacuate the affected area. The data is transmitted in real time to the monitoring and control center via a transmission module. This eliminates the need for on-site monitoring by personnel, reducing their workload. Furthermore, it allows for real-time monitoring and data synchronization without manual operation, effectively increasing data collection volume, monitoring efficiency, and accuracy.
[0013] 2. This utility model adopts a hanging structure for the monitoring point liquid column measurement device, which can effectively avoid the situation where the liquid column is not vertical due to ground deformation, effectively improving the accuracy of monitoring and preventing errors in geological disaster analysis due to data errors.
[0014] 3. The monitoring liquid uses antifreeze and is kept in a sealed environment, which makes it difficult to evaporate and freeze, thus simplifying system maintenance and ensuring reliable operation. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the reference point and the monitoring point of this utility model.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reference point and monitoring point of this utility model.
[0018] Figure 4 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the reference point and monitoring point of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the reference point of this utility model.
[0020] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the monitoring point of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of this utility model.
[0022] In the diagram: 1. Protective box; 2. Protective shell; 3. Steel pipe pile; 4. Foundation; 5. Liquid filling head; 6. Photovoltaic panel; 7. Audible and visual alarm; 8. Liquid conduit; 9. Cable sleeve; 10. Battery pack; 11. Controller; 12. Sealing cover; 13. Monitoring cable; 14. Mounting base; 15. Connecting hose; 16. Cylindrical liquid container; 17. Weighing sensor; 18. Hook frame; 19. Hook. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present utility model.
[0024] exist Figures 1 to 6In the structure shown, the real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability provided by this utility model includes a reference point and a monitoring point. The reference point consists of a foundation 4, a protective box 1, a controller 11, and a reference point liquid column measuring device. A steel pipe pile 3 is set at the bottom of the foundation 4. The steel pipe pile 3 is embedded in a deep stable stratum so that the reference point remains stable when the ground deforms. The protective box 1 is set on the foundation 4. The protective box 1 is designed with an open bottom structure. The reference point liquid column measuring device is set inside the protective box 1. The protective box 1 can protect the reference point liquid column measuring device. The controller 11 is set above the reference point liquid column measuring device. The controller 11 consists of a paperless recorder and a wireless transmission module. The wireless transmission module can transmit data to the control center. A battery pack 10 is set on one side of the controller 11. An alarm device is set on the top of the protective box 1. The alarm device is connected to the controller 11 through a control circuit. The battery pack 10 can power the weighing sensor (17) of the controller 11, and the controller 11 can set the working status of the alarm device. The monitoring point consists of a foundation 4, a protective box 1, a controller 1 ... The system consists of a protective shell 2 and a monitoring point liquid column measuring device. The protective shell 2 is set on the foundation 4 and is designed with an open bottom structure. The monitoring point liquid column measuring device is set inside the protective shell 2, which protects the monitoring point liquid column measuring device. The reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected through a liquid conduit 8. A liquid filling head 5 is provided on the liquid conduit 8, which can inject liquid into the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device. Under the connection of the liquid conduit 5, the liquid level of the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device can be kept consistent. Both the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected to the controller 11 through a monitoring cable 13. The controller 11 can receive the monitoring data of the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device through the monitoring cable 13. A cable sleeve 9 is set outside the monitoring cable 13. The cable sleeve 9 connects the sealing cover 12 of the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device to maintain the airtightness between them and make the internal air pressure of the reference point and the monitoring point equal.
[0025] Both the reference point liquid column height measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column height measuring device consist of a mounting base 14, a weighing sensor 17, a cylindrical liquid container 16, a sealing cover 12, and a connecting hose 15. The mounting base 14 is set on the foundation 4, and the sealing cover 12 is set on the mounting base 14. The weighing sensor 17 and the cylindrical liquid container 16 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the sealing cover 12. The weighing sensor 17 is connected to the controller 11 through the monitoring cable 13. The weighing sensor 17 monitors the rise and fall of the liquid level in the cylindrical liquid container 16 and feeds the information back to the controller 11 through the monitoring cable 13. The cylindrical liquid container 16 is connected to the liquid conduit 8 through the connecting hose 15. The reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device can be interconnected through the liquid conduit 8.
[0026] In this embodiment, the reference point liquid column height measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column height measuring device are connected through a liquid conduit. Then, liquid is injected into a cylindrical liquid container, and the liquid surface of the reference point liquid column and the monitoring point liquid column are at the same height. Then, the height difference between the liquid surface of the reference point liquid column and the monitoring point liquid column is monitored, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and recording of the vertical deformation of the ground in the monitoring area.
[0027] The monitoring point liquid column measuring device also includes a suspension mechanism, which consists of a hook frame 18 and a hook 19. The hook frame 18 is set on the mounting base 14, and the hook 19 is set on the top of the hook frame 18. The weighing sensor 17 and the cylindrical liquid container 16 are hung from top to bottom on the hook 19. By suspending, the cylindrical liquid container 16 can be suspended in the air. Under the action of gravity, the liquid surface inside will not tilt due to ground deformation, thereby achieving the purpose of maintaining stability. The bottom of the cylindrical liquid container 16 is connected to the liquid conduit 8 through a connecting hose 15.
[0028] In this embodiment, to avoid the problem of the liquid column measuring device at the monitoring point tilting due to ground deformation during the monitoring process, a suspension mechanism is set inside the liquid column measuring device at the monitoring point. The weighing sensor and the cylindrical liquid container are hung on the hook in sequence, so that they always remain vertical under the action of gravity. This achieves the effect that the liquid level of the liquid column measuring device at the monitoring point can be kept consistent with the liquid level of the reference point and other monitoring points even in the case of ground deformation.
[0029] A photovoltaic panel 6 is installed on the top of the protective box 1. The photovoltaic panel 6 is connected to the battery pack 10, and the battery pack 10 can be charged through the photovoltaic panel.
[0030] The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm 7, which can improve the recognition of alarm signals.
[0031] The working principle of this utility model:
[0032] In areas with potential geological hazards, monitoring personnel embed steel pipe piles into deep, stable strata or set benchmark points outside the hazard's influence range to ensure these benchmark points are unaffected by ground deformation. Monitoring points are then spaced out along topographic contour lines. A liquid conduit connects the benchmark liquid column height measuring device to the cylindrical liquid containers within each monitoring point's liquid column height measuring device. A monitoring cable connects the load cells to the controller, with a cable sleeve connecting to the sealed enclosures of each liquid column height measuring device to ensure consistent internal pressure. Antifreeze is injected into the benchmark and monitoring point liquid column height measuring devices via a liquid filling head and conduit to prevent condensation at low temperatures. When the liquid level in the cylindrical containers reaches approximately half its total height, the controller reads and records the values from each load cell as data for calculating the vertical displacement of the ground. The system sets an initial value for the displacement, alarm thresholds for both vertical ground displacement and displacement rate, and configures the alarm's operating status via a controller. The controller then transmits real-time data back to the control center via a transmission module, enabling real-time monitoring and recording of vertical ground deformation in the monitoring area. When the ground in the monitoring area undergoes vertical deformation, the liquid level in the liquid column height measuring device at the monitoring point changes accordingly. If the liquid level change in the liquid column height measuring device exceeds the set threshold, an audible and visual alarm sounds, alerting personnel in the hazardous area to evacuate. The data is then transmitted in real-time to the monitoring and control center via the transmission module. The monitoring and control center analyzes the type, scale, and probability of geological disasters occurring in each geological hazard zone according to geomorphological units. Combining this with a comprehensive analysis of topographical conditions, the center assesses the probability, type, scale, and impact range of large-scale geological disasters resulting from the superposition of various geological disasters and issues prevention alerts.
[0033] like Figure 7 As shown, the operating principle of this utility model is as follows: Let the initial value of the liquid column height of the reference point liquid column measuring device (hereinafter referred to as the reference point liquid column height) be H0, the initial value of the liquid column height of the monitoring point liquid column measuring device (hereinafter referred to as the monitoring point liquid column height) be h0, the vertical displacement of the monitoring point be Δh1, the change in liquid level after the monitoring point undergoes vertical displacement be X, the reference point liquid column height be H1, and the monitoring point liquid column height be h1, then: X = H0 - H1.
[0034] Δh1=h1+X-h0=h1+(H0-H1)-h0=h1-h0+(H0-H1)=(h1-h0)-(H1-H0), meaning the vertical displacement of the monitoring point (Δh1) is equal to the difference between the liquid column height (h1) after the monitoring point's displacement and the initial value of the liquid column height (h0) at the monitoring point, and the difference between the liquid column height (H1) at the reference point after the monitoring point's displacement and the initial value of the liquid column height (H0) at the reference point. A positive value indicates settlement at the monitoring point, and a negative value indicates bulging at the monitoring point. As can be seen from the above, the change in liquid level X after the monitoring point's displacement does not affect the calculation of the vertical displacement Δh1. Therefore, the increase or decrease in the liquid volume within the liquid column measuring device during monitoring does not affect the calculation of the settlement at each monitoring point. When a reference point liquid column measuring device is connected to several monitoring point liquid column measuring devices simultaneously, the vertical displacement of the monitoring point can also be calculated by comparing the liquid column height of each monitoring point's liquid column measuring device with the liquid column height of the reference point's liquid column measuring device.
[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects. The scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and thus all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability, characterized in that: The system includes a reference point and a monitoring point. The reference point consists of a foundation (4), a protective box (1), a controller (11), and a reference point liquid column measuring device. A steel pipe pile (3) is set at the bottom of the foundation (4). The protective box (1) is set on the foundation (4). The reference point liquid column measuring device is set inside the protective box (1). The controller (11) is set above the reference point liquid column measuring device. The controller (11) consists of a paperless recorder and a wireless transmission module. A battery pack (10) is set on one side of the controller (11). An alarm device is set on the top of the protective box (1). The monitoring point consists of a base (4), a protective shell (2), and a liquid column measuring device. The protective shell (2) is set on the base (4), and the liquid column measuring device is set inside the protective shell (2). The reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected through a liquid conduit (8). A liquid filling head (5) is provided on the liquid conduit (8). Both the reference point liquid column measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column measuring device are connected to the controller (11) through a monitoring cable (13). A cable sleeve (9) is provided outside the monitoring cable (13). The reference point liquid column height measuring device and the monitoring point liquid column height measuring device are both composed of a mounting base (14), a weighing sensor (17), a cylindrical liquid container (16), a sealing cover (12), and a connecting hose (15). The mounting base (14) is set on the foundation (4), and the sealing cover (12) is set on the mounting base (14). The weighing sensor (17) and the cylindrical liquid container (16) are set from bottom to top inside the sealing cover (12). The cylindrical liquid container (16) is connected to the liquid conduit (8) through the connecting hose (15), and the weighing sensor (17) is connected to the monitoring cable (13).
2. The real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring point liquid column measuring device also includes a suspension mechanism, which consists of a hook frame (18) and a hook (19). The hook frame (18) is set on the mounting base (14), and the hook (19) is set on the top of the hook frame (18). The weighing sensor (17) and the cylindrical liquid container (16) are hung on the hook (19) from top to bottom. The bottom of the cylindrical liquid container (16) is connected to the liquid conduit (8) through a connecting hose (15).
3. The real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photovoltaic panel (6) is installed on the top of the protective box, and the photovoltaic panel (6) is connected to the battery pack (10).
4. The real-time monitoring and alarm system for ground vertical displacement and slope instability according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm device is an audible and visual alarm (7).