Relay control circuit, switching device and power distribution device of energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a relay control circuit, a switching device and a power distribution device of an energy storage system, and relates to the technical field of power electronics. The relay control circuit comprises a controller, a driving circuit, a driving signal isolation circuit and a feedback signal isolation circuit. The controller is provided with two driving signal output ports and a feedback signal receiving port; the driving signal isolation circuit is connected with two driving signal output ports of the controller and the driving circuit; the driving circuit is connected with an external power supply circuit and a driving voltage connecting terminal of the relay; and the feedback signal isolation circuit is connected with a feedback contact of the relay and a feedback signal receiving port of the controller. According to the technical scheme of the utility model, electrical isolation between the controller and the driving circuit is realized by arranging the driving signal isolation circuit and the feedback signal isolation circuit, so that the safety and reliability of driving the relay electrically connected in the driving circuit through the controller are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a relay control circuit, a switching device, and a power distribution device for an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Relays, as a common electrical control component, play an important role in various circuits and systems. Based on their driving method, relays can be divided into magnetic latching relays and non-magnetic latching relays; based on the number of coils, they can be divided into single-coil relays and double-coil relays. Relays can be used to control the switching and connection states of circuits.

[0003] In existing technologies, relays are typically driven by a controller that manages the on / off state of the relays electrically connected to the drive circuit. However, this method suffers from insufficient electrical isolation design, potentially leading to safety hazards or regulatory risks. Furthermore, existing relay drive circuits often cannot drive different types of relays compatiblely, limiting their flexibility and applicability in various application scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a relay control circuit, a switching device, and a power distribution device for an energy storage system to improve the safety and reliability of driving the relay.

[0005] The first aspect of this utility model provides a relay control circuit, which includes: a controller, a drive circuit, a drive signal isolation circuit, and a feedback signal isolation circuit.

[0006] The controller is configured with two drive signal output ports and one feedback signal receiving port;

[0007] The drive signal isolation circuit connects the two drive signal output ports of the controller and the drive circuit.

[0008] The drive circuit is connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay.

[0009] The feedback signal isolation circuit connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

[0010] Optionally, the drive signal isolation circuit includes a first isolation device and a second isolation device, wherein the first isolation device is connected to one drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit, and the second isolation device is connected to the other drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit;

[0011] The feedback signal isolation circuit includes a third isolation device, which connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

[0012] Optionally, the first isolation device, the second isolation device, and the third isolation device are optocouplers.

[0013] Optionally, the driving circuit adopts an H-bridge driving circuit.

[0014] The second aspect of this utility model provides a switching device, which includes a relay and a relay control circuit;

[0015] The relay control circuit includes: a controller, a drive circuit, a drive signal isolation circuit, and a feedback signal isolation circuit;

[0016] The controller is configured with two drive signal output ports and one feedback signal receiving port;

[0017] The drive signal isolation circuit connects the two drive signal output ports of the controller and the drive circuit.

[0018] The drive circuit is connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay.

[0019] The feedback signal isolation circuit connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

[0020] Optionally, the relay includes any one of the following:

[0021] Magnetic latching relays, non-magnetic latching relays, single-coil relays, and dual-coil relays.

[0022] Optionally, the drive signal isolation circuit includes a first isolation device and a second isolation device, wherein the first isolation device is connected to one drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit, and the second isolation device is connected to the other drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit;

[0023] The feedback signal isolation circuit includes a third isolation device, which connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

[0024] Optionally, the first isolation device, the second isolation device, and the third isolation device are optocouplers.

[0025] Optionally, the driving circuit adopts an H-bridge driving circuit.

[0026] The third aspect of this utility model provides a power distribution device for an energy storage system. The power distribution device for the energy storage system includes at least one switching device, which is used to configure one or more power sources to supply power to the load or to charge the energy storage device. The switching device is the switching device described above.

[0027] The technical solution of this utility model, by setting a controller, a drive circuit, a drive signal isolation circuit, and a feedback signal isolation circuit in the relay control circuit, and by setting two drive signal output ports of the controller to be connected to the drive signal isolation circuit, and setting the drive signal isolation circuit to be connected to the drive circuit, and the drive circuit being connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay, allows the drive signal provided by the controller to be provided to the drive circuit after electrical isolation through the drive signal isolation circuit. This enables the drive circuit to adjust the drive voltage applied to the relay according to the received drive signal, thereby controlling the on / off state of the control relay. The drive signal isolation circuit thus forms electrical isolation between the controller and the drive circuit, preventing signal interference and electrical breakdown between the controller and the drive circuit, thereby improving the safety and reliability of driving the relay. Simultaneously, the controller can output different types of drive signals, enabling the drive of different types of relays electrically connected in the drive circuit. This allows the relay control circuit to be compatible with and able to drive different types of relays, improving the flexibility and applicability of the relay control circuit in different application scenarios. Furthermore, by connecting the relay's feedback contacts to the feedback signal isolation circuit, the relay's feedback contacts can provide feedback signals to the feedback signal isolation circuit based on the relay's on / off state. The feedback signal isolation circuit can then provide the electrically isolated feedback signal to the controller's feedback signal receiving port, achieving electrical isolation between the feedback contacts and the controller. This also enables real-time feedback on the relay's on / off state, allowing the controller to acquire the relay's on / off state in real time and adjust the output drive signal accordingly. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the relay control circuit.

[0028] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this utility model, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Other features of this utility model will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a relay control circuit provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a relay provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 A circuit connection diagram of a relay control circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 A circuit connection diagram of another relay control circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 A circuit connection diagram of another relay control circuit provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a switching device provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power distribution device of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the utility model described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a relay control circuit provided for an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the relay control circuit 10 includes a controller 1, a drive circuit 2, a drive signal isolation circuit 3, and a feedback signal isolation circuit 4. The controller 1 is configured with two drive signal output ports 101 and one feedback signal receiving port 102. The drive signal isolation circuit 3 connects the two drive signal output ports 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. The drive circuit 2 connects the external power supply circuit 5 and the drive voltage connection terminal 001 of the relay 00. The feedback signal isolation circuit 4 connects the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1.

[0040] In this circuit, relay 00 is electrically connected to drive circuit 2, enabling drive circuit 2 to adjust the drive voltage applied to relay 00 based on the received drive signal, thereby controlling the on / off state of relay 00, i.e., controlling whether relay 00 is ON or OFF. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2As shown, relay 00 may include coil 01, control switch 02, and feedback switch 03. The two ends of coil 01 can be drive voltage connection terminals 001, which are connected to drive circuit 2 to receive drive voltage to control the operating state of relay 00. The first end of the control switch 02 is connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the second end of the control switch 02 is connected to the load 04. The on / off state of the control switch 02 is controlled by the electrical signal generated by the coil 01 due to the driving voltage applied to the coil 01. For example, the control switch 02 includes a stationary contact and a moving contact. When the control switch 02 is normally open and the driving voltage applied to the coil 01 causes the current flowing through the coil 01 to be a positive current, the stationary contact and the moving contact of the control switch 02 are attracted to each other, thereby forming a closed circuit that allows current to pass through, so as to supply power to the load 04. When the control switch 02 is normally open and the driving voltage applied to the coil 01 causes the current flowing through the coil 01 to be a reverse current, the stationary contact and the moving contact of the control switch 02 are separated, thereby forming an open circuit that cuts off the current path, so as to cut off the power supply to the load 04. Meanwhile, the feedback switch 03 is a switch used to provide feedback on the working state of the relay 00. The on / off state of the feedback switch 03 is consistent with the on / off state of the control switch 02. For example, the feedback switch 03 may include a feedback moving contact and a feedback stationary contact. One of the feedback moving contact and the feedback stationary contact may be a feedback contact 002. For example, the feedback contact 002 may be a feedback stationary contact in the feedback switch 03.

[0041] Relay 00 may also include one or more coils. When relay 00 includes one coil, relay 00 is a single-coil relay. When relay 00 includes two coils, relay 00 is a double-coil relay. Meanwhile, based on the driving method, relay 00 can be divided into magnetic latching relays and non-magnetic latching relays. Magnetic latching relays attract a magnet when the coil is energized to maintain the relay's on / off state, and retain their original state when the coil is de-energized. It can be understood that when relay 00 electrically connected to drive circuit 2 is a magnetic latching relay, the driving signal output by controller 1 can be a short-time pulse square wave signal. This short-time pulse square wave signal drives the coil in relay 00 to generate a magnetic field, allowing the coil to attract a magnet and maintain the relay's on / off state. When the short-time pulse square wave signal ends, relay 00 retains its original on / off state. Non-magnetic latching relays do not have a magnetic latching function and require a continuous driving voltage to maintain their on / off state. It can also be understood that when relay 00 electrically connected to drive circuit 2 is a non-magnetic latching relay, the driving signal output by controller 1 can be a high-level signal and a low-level signal. A high-level signal drives the relay to switch between one of the on or off states, and a low-level signal drives the relay to switch between the other of the on or off states. By outputting different types of drive signals from controller 1, different types of relays 00 electrically connected to drive circuit 2 can be driven, making the relay control circuit compatible with different types of relays. This enables the relay control circuit to drive different types of relays, improving the flexibility and applicability of the relay control circuit in different application scenarios.

[0042] Controller 1 can be used to output drive signals to drive the operation of relay 00. For example, controller 1 may include a microcontroller chip, such as an STM32 series microcontroller chip, an ESP32 microcontroller chip, or an ATmega328P microcontroller chip. The drive signal may include a high-level signal, a low-level signal, and a short-time pulse square wave signal. Controller 1 can output a drive signal adapted to the type of relay 00. Controller 1 is configured with two drive signal output ports 101, namely a first drive signal output port 1011 and a second drive signal output port 1012, so that controller 1 can output drive signals for driving relay 00 through the first drive signal output port 1011 and the second drive signal output port 1012. Simultaneously, controller 1 is configured with a feedback signal receiving port 102, so that controller 1 can receive feedback signals for feedback on the state of relay 00 through the feedback signal receiving port 102.

[0043] The drive signal isolation circuit 3 can be specifically understood as a circuit used to provide electrical isolation between the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. The drive signal isolation circuit 3 is connected to the first drive signal output port 1011 and the second drive signal output port 1012 of the controller 1, respectively, so that the drive signal isolation circuit 3 can respectively achieve electrical isolation between the drive signal output from the first drive signal output port 1011 and the drive signal received by the drive circuit 2, and between the drive signal output from the second drive signal output port 1012 and the drive signal received by the drive circuit 2. Specifically, the electrical isolation can be understood as the drive signal isolation circuit 3 enabling signal transmission between the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2 without direct electrical connection through signal conversion, optical, or magnetic induction methods. This effectively isolates the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2, preventing signal interference and electrical breakdown between them, thereby improving the safety and reliability of driving the relay.

[0044] The driving circuit 2 can be specifically understood as a circuit used to drive the relay 00 electrically connected in the driving circuit 2. For example, the driving method of the driving circuit 2 can be transistor driving, relay driving module, integrated driving chip, solid-state relay driving, or pulse width modulation (PWM) driving, etc., and this utility model does not specifically limit this. Specifically, the driving circuit 2 can receive the driving signals output from the first driving signal output port 1011 and the second driving signal output port 1012 after being electrically isolated by the driving signal isolation circuit 3. Simultaneously, the driving circuit 2 is connected to the driving voltage connection terminal 001 of the relay 00, so that the driving circuit 2 can adjust the driving voltage applied to the relay 00 according to the driving signal through the driving voltage connection terminal 001 to drive the relay 00. Furthermore, the driving circuit 2 is also connected to an external power supply circuit 5, which can be specifically understood as a circuit that provides the necessary power supply to the driving circuit 2 to ensure the normal operation of the driving circuit 2.

[0045] The feedback signal isolation circuit 4 can be specifically understood as a circuit that provides electrical isolation between the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the controller 1. The feedback contact 002 can be the stationary feedback contact of the feedback switch 03, meaning the feedback switch 03 includes a moving feedback contact and the feedback contact 002, and the on / off state of the feedback switch 03 is consistent with the on / off state of the control switch 02. For example, when the relay 00 is in the on state, the stationary and moving contacts of the control switch 02 are engaged, and the feedback contact 002 and moving contact of the feedback switch 03 are also engaged synchronously. When the relay 00 is in the off state, the stationary and moving contacts of the control switch 02 are disengaged, and the feedback contact 002 and moving contact of the feedback switch 03 are also disengaged synchronously. Therefore, by detecting the state of the feedback contact 002, the controller 1 can determine the current on / off state of the relay 00, thereby achieving real-time acquisition of the on / off state of the relay 00 and adjusting the output drive signal in real-time according to the on / off state of the relay 00, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the relay control circuit. Specifically, the feedback isolation circuit 4 connects the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1, enabling the feedback contact 002 to provide a feedback signal to the feedback isolation circuit 4 according to the on / off state of the relay 00. At the same time, the feedback isolation circuit 4 can achieve electrical isolation between the feedback signal fed back by the feedback contact 002 and the feedback signal received by the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1, thereby effectively isolating the controller 1 and the feedback contact 002. This prevents signal interference and electrical breakdown between the controller 1 and the feedback contact 002, improving the safety and reliability of the relay control circuit.

[0046] For details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The controller 1 can output drive signals to the input terminal 301 of the isolation circuit 3 through two drive signal output ports 101. After electrical isolation by the isolation circuit 3, the drive signals are output to the control terminal 201 of the drive circuit 2 through the output terminal 302 of the isolation circuit 3. The drive circuit 2 can adjust the drive voltage applied to the relay 00 electrically connected to the drive circuit 2 according to the drive signal received at the control terminal 201, thereby controlling the on / off state of the relay 00. This realizes the operation of driving the relay electrically connected to the drive circuit through the drive signal output by the controller. Simultaneously, the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 provides a feedback signal to the feedback signal isolation circuit 4 according to the on / off state of the relay 00. This allows the feedback signal isolation circuit 4 to output the electrically isolated feedback signal to the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1. This enables the controller 1 to obtain the on / off state of the relay 00 in real time and adjust the output drive signal accordingly.

[0047] In this embodiment, by setting up a controller, a drive circuit, a drive signal isolation circuit, and a feedback signal isolation circuit in the relay control circuit, and by connecting the two drive signal output ports of the controller to the drive signal isolation circuit, and by connecting the drive signal isolation circuit to the drive circuit, and the drive circuit being connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay, the drive signal provided by the controller can be electrically isolated and provided to the drive circuit through the drive signal isolation circuit. This allows the drive circuit to adjust the drive voltage applied to the relay according to the received drive signal, thereby controlling the on / off state of the control relay. The drive signal isolation circuit thus provides electrical isolation between the controller and the drive circuit, preventing signal interference and electrical breakdown between the controller and the drive circuit, thereby improving the safety and reliability of driving the relay. Simultaneously, the controller can output different types of drive signals, enabling the drive of different types of relays electrically connected in the drive circuit. This allows the relay control circuit to be compatible with and capable of driving different types of relays, improving the flexibility and applicability of the relay control circuit in different application scenarios. Furthermore, by connecting the relay's feedback contact to the feedback signal isolation circuit, the relay's feedback contact can provide a feedback signal to the feedback signal isolation circuit based on the relay's on / off state. The feedback signal isolation circuit can then output the electrically isolated feedback signal to the controller's feedback signal receiving port, achieving electrical isolation between the feedback contact and the controller. This also enables real-time feedback on the relay's on / off state, allowing the controller to acquire the relay's on / off state in real time and adjust the output drive signal accordingly. This improves the accuracy and reliability of the relay control circuit.

[0048] Optional, Figure 3 This is a circuit connection diagram of a relay control circuit provided for an embodiment of the present utility model. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the drive signal isolation circuit 3 includes a first isolation device 31 and a second isolation device 32. The first isolation device 31 is connected to one drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2, and the second isolation device 32 is connected to the other drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. The feedback signal isolation circuit 4 includes a third isolation device 41. The third isolation device 41 is connected to the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1.

[0049] Specifically, the first isolation device 31 provides electrical isolation between one drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2, and the second isolation device 32 provides electrical isolation between the other drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. Therefore, the first and second isolation devices 31 and 32 effectively isolate the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2, preventing signal interference and electrical breakdown between them. Simultaneously, the third isolation device 41 provides electrical isolation between the controller 1 and the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00, preventing signal interference and electrical breakdown between them, thereby improving the safety and reliability of driving the relay. Provided that the first, second, and third isolation devices 31, 32, and 33 can provide effective electrical isolation, their specific forms can be designed according to actual needs, and this invention does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, the first isolation device 31, the second isolation device 32, and the third isolation device 41 are optocouplers.

[0051] Specifically, an optocoupler is a device that achieves electrical isolation using the photoelectric conversion principle. An optocoupler typically includes a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensitive element. The LED is connected to the input signal circuit, and the photosensitive element is connected to the output signal circuit. The principle of electrical isolation achieved by the optocoupler is that when the LED receives a signal from the input terminal, it emits light. The photosensitive element receives the light signal and converts it into an electrical signal, thereby driving the output circuit. Since the input and output terminals are only connected by optical signals and there is no direct electrical connection, the input and output circuits can be effectively isolated. For example, continue to refer to... Figure 4 The first isolation device 31 can specifically be a first optocoupler U1, the second isolation device 32 can specifically be a second optocoupler U2, and the third isolation device 41 can specifically be a third optocoupler U3. The first optocoupler U1 includes a first light-emitting diode (LED) D1 and a first phototransistor V1. The anode of the first LED D1 is electrically connected to the first drive signal output port 1011, and the cathode of the first LED D1 is grounded. When the controller 1 provides a drive signal to the first LED D1 through the first drive signal output port 1011, the first LED D1 emits a light signal, which can propagate to the first phototransistor V1. When the first phototransistor V1 receives the light signal emitted by the first LED D1, the resistance of the first phototransistor V1 changes.

[0052] The second optocoupler U2 includes a second light-emitting diode (LED) D2 and a second phototransistor V2. The anode of the second LED D2 is electrically connected to the second drive signal output port 1012, and the cathode of the second LED D2 is grounded. When the controller 1 provides a drive signal to the second LED D2 through the second drive signal output port 1012, the second LED D2 emits a light signal, which can propagate to the second phototransistor V2. When the second phototransistor V2 receives the light signal emitted by the second LED D2, the resistance of the second phototransistor V2 changes.

[0053] The third optocoupler U3 includes a third light-emitting diode (LED) D3 and a third phototransistor V3. The anode of the third LED D3 is connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the cathode of the third LED D3 is connected to the first terminal of the feedback contact 002. When the relay 00 is in the on state, the feedback contact 002 of the feedback switch 03 engages with the moving contact, causing the circuit containing the third LED D3 to conduct. The third LED D3 emits a light signal, which can propagate to the third phototransistor V3. When the third phototransistor V3 receives the light signal emitted by the third LED D3, the resistance of the third phototransistor V3 changes. Simultaneously, the collector of the third phototransistor V3 is electrically connected to the feedback signal receiving port 102, and the emitter of the third phototransistor V3 is grounded. Therefore, when the third phototransistor V3 receives the light signal emitted by the third light-emitting diode D3, the circuit containing the third phototransistor V3 is turned on, and the feedback signal can be transmitted to the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1. At this time, the feedback signal receiving port 102 forms a low-level signal. It can also be understood that when the relay 00 is in the open state, the feedback contact 002 of the feedback switch 03 is separated from the moving contact, the circuit containing the third light-emitting diode D3 is also disconnected, and the third light-emitting diode D3 will not emit a light signal. At this time, the circuit containing the third phototransistor V3 is also disconnected, and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1 cannot receive a valid feedback signal. At this time, the feedback signal receiving port 102 will maintain a high-level signal. Therefore, the controller 1 can determine the current on / off state of the relay 00 by judging whether the feedback signal receiving port 102 is a high-level signal or a low-level signal. The controller 1 realizes the real-time acquisition of the on / off state of the relay 00 through the feedback signal isolation circuit, and can adjust the output drive signal in real time according to the on / off state of the relay 00, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the relay control circuit.

[0054] As one possible embodiment, the driving circuit 2 employs an H-bridge driving circuit. For example, continue to refer to... Figure 3The driving circuit 2 includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, a third transistor Q3, and a fourth transistor Q4. The driving voltage connection terminals 001 of the relay 00 include a first node 51 and a second node 52. The first terminal of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the relay 00 at the first node 51. The first terminal of the second transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the relay 00 at the second node 52, and the second terminal of the second transistor Q2 is grounded. The second terminal of the third transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the relay 00 at the second node 52, and the first terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 is electrically connected to the relay 00 at the first node 51, and the second terminal of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded. The first transistor Q1 and the fourth transistor Q4 constitute one driving arm of the H-bridge driving circuit, and the second transistor Q2 and the third transistor Q3 constitute the other driving arm of the H-bridge driving circuit.

[0055] The transistors include P-channel transistors and N-channel transistors. When a high voltage is applied between the gate and source of a P-channel transistor, a conductive channel is formed. When a low voltage is applied between the gate and source of an N-channel transistor, a conductive channel is also formed. The first terminal of a transistor can be understood as either the source or the drain, and the second terminal can be understood as either the source or the drain. In an exemplary embodiment, the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 have different channel types: when the first transistor Q1 is a P-channel transistor, the second transistor Q2 is an N-channel transistor; and when the first transistor Q1 is an N-channel transistor, the second transistor Q2 is a P-channel transistor. Similarly, the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 have different channel types: when the third transistor Q3 is a P-channel transistor, the fourth transistor Q4 is an N-channel transistor; and when the third transistor Q3 is an N-channel transistor, the fourth transistor Q4 is a P-channel transistor.

[0056] The control terminal 201 of the driving circuit 2 includes a first control terminal 2011, a second control terminal 2012, a third control terminal 2013, and a fourth control terminal 2014. The gate of the first transistor Q1 is the first control terminal 2011, the gate of the second transistor Q2 is the second control terminal 2012, the gate of the third transistor Q3 is the third control terminal 2013, and the gate of the fourth transistor Q4 is the fourth control terminal 2014. Therefore, the conduction state of the first transistor Q1 in the driving circuit 2 can be controlled by the driving signal received by the first control terminal 2011, the conduction state of the second transistor Q2 in the driving circuit 2 can be controlled by the driving signal received by the second control terminal 2012, and the conduction state of the second transistor Q2 in the driving circuit 2 can be controlled by the driving signal received by the third control terminal 2014. The drive signal received at 2013 controls the conduction state of the third transistor Q3 in the drive circuit 2, and the drive signal received at the fourth control terminal 2014 of the drive circuit 2 controls the conduction state of the fourth transistor Q4 in the drive circuit 2. Thus, the drive voltage applied to the relay 00 in the drive circuit 2, which is connected to the second terminal of the first transistor Q1 at the first node 51 and to the first terminal of the second transistor Q2 at the second node 52, can be adjusted by the conduction states of the first transistor Q1, the second transistor Q2, the third transistor Q3, and the fourth transistor Q4. This allows control of the on / off state of the relay 00. The first node 51 is the first output terminal 21 of the drive circuit 2, and the second node 52 is the second output terminal 22 of the drive circuit 2.

[0057] Taking a relay 00 including a coil 01 as an example, where the first transistor Q1 is a P-channel transistor, the second transistor Q2 is an N-channel transistor, the third transistor Q3 is a P-channel transistor, the fourth transistor Q4 is an N-channel transistor, and the relay 00 includes a coil 01, the source of the first transistor Q1 is connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the source of the second transistor Q2 is grounded. Therefore, when the drive signal received by the gate of the first transistor Q1 causes a high voltage between the gate and source of the first transistor Q1, and the drive signal received by the gate of the second transistor Q2 causes a low voltage between the gate and source of the second transistor Q2, both the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 can be turned on. At this time, the drive voltage applied to the coil 01 by the drive circuit 2 through the first output terminal 21 and the second output terminal 22 causes the current in the coil 01 to flow from the first node 51 to the second node 52. When the current in the coil 01 flows from the first node 51 to the second node 52, the coil 01 can be in one of the following states: on or off. For example, the coil 01 is in the on state at this time. The source of the third transistor Q3 is connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the source of the fourth transistor Q4 is grounded. Therefore, when the drive signal received by the gate of the third transistor Q3 causes a high voltage between the gate and source of the third transistor Q3, and the drive signal received by the gate of the fourth transistor Q4 causes a low voltage between the gate and source of the fourth transistor Q4, both the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 can be turned on. At this time, the drive voltage applied to the coil 01 by the drive circuit 2 through the first output terminal 21 and the second output terminal 22 causes the current in the coil 01 to flow from the second node 52 to the first node 51. When the current in the coil 01 flows from the second node 52 to the first node 51, the coil 01 can be in one of the following states: on or off. For example, the coil 01 is in the off state at this time.

[0058] By setting the driving circuit to control the conduction states of the first and second transistors or the third and fourth transistors respectively according to the driving signals received from the first, second, third, and fourth control terminals, the driving voltage applied to the relay coil can be adjusted, thereby further controlling the direction of current flow in the relay coil. This achieves the control of the relay state to be either in a conducting or closed state, improving the flexibility and reliability of driving the relay.

[0059] Optional, continue to refer to Figure 3 The drive signal isolation circuit 3 also includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4.

[0060] Specifically, the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the collector of the first phototransistor V1. The first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the emitter of the first phototransistor V1, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. Therefore, when the first phototransistor V1 receives the light signal emitted by the first light-emitting diode D1, the loop between the external power supply circuit 5 and the ground terminal, including the first resistor R1, the first phototransistor V1, and the second resistor R2, will be completed. It can be understood that due to the voltage division effect of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, voltages will be generated at both the collector and emitter of the first phototransistor V1. For example, when the voltage provided by the external power supply circuit 5 is VCC, and the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are the same, the voltage at the collector and emitter of the first phototransistor V1 will stabilize at VCC / 2. Furthermore, the collector of the first phototransistor V1 is electrically connected to the gate of the first transistor Q1, and the emitter of the first phototransistor V1 is electrically connected to the gate of the second transistor Q2. Therefore, the gate voltage of the first transistor Q1 and the gate voltage of the second transistor Q2 are both VCC / 2. Simultaneously, the source voltage of the first transistor Q1 is VCC, and the source voltage of the second transistor Q2 is 0. Both the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 can be turned on, allowing adjustment of the driving voltage applied to the coil 01. This ensures that the current flow direction in the coil 01 is from the first node 51 to the second node 52, thereby controlling the coil 01 to be in a conducting state.

[0061] The first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit 5, and the second end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the collector of the second phototransistor V2. The first end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the emitter of the second phototransistor V2, and the second end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded. Therefore, when the second phototransistor V2 receives the light signal emitted by the second light-emitting diode D2, the loop between the external power supply circuit 5 and the ground terminal, including the third resistor R3, the second phototransistor V2, and the fourth resistor R4, will be completed. It can be understood that due to the voltage division effect of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4, voltages will be generated at both the collector and emitter of the second phototransistor V2. For example, when the voltage provided by the external power supply circuit 5 is VCC, and the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are the same, the voltage at the collector and emitter of the second phototransistor V2 will stabilize at VCC / 2. Furthermore, the collector of the second phototransistor V2 is electrically connected to the gate of the third transistor Q3, and the emitter of the second phototransistor V2 is electrically connected to the gate of the fourth transistor Q4. Therefore, the gate voltage of the third transistor Q3 and the gate voltage of the fourth transistor Q4 are both VCC / 2. Simultaneously, the source voltage of the third transistor Q3 is VCC, and the source voltage of the fourth transistor Q4 is 0. Both the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 can be turned on, allowing adjustment of the driving voltage applied to the coil 01. This ensures that the current flowing in the coil 01 is from the second node 52 to the first node 51, thereby controlling the coil 01 to be in an off state.

[0062] In addition, continue to refer to Figure 3 A fifth resistor R5 is provided in the circuit between the anode of the first optocoupler U1 and the first drive signal output port 1011 of the controller 1, and a sixth resistor R6 is provided in the circuit between the anode of the second optocoupler U2 and the second drive signal output port 1012 of the controller 1. The fifth resistor R5 and the sixth resistor R6 can divide the voltage to appropriately reduce the voltage of the drive signal output by the controller 1, ensuring that the first optocoupler U1 and the second optocoupler U2 in the isolation circuit 3 will not be damaged due to excessive voltage when the drive signal is provided to the isolation circuit 3, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the relay control circuit. A seventh resistor R7 is also provided in the circuit between the anode of the third optocoupler U3 and the external power supply circuit 5, and an eighth resistor R8 is also provided in the circuit between the collector of the third phototransistor V3 and the feedback signal receiving port 102. The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 can realize voltage division, ensuring that the feedback signal will not damage the third optocoupler U3 and the controller 1 in the feedback isolation circuit 3 due to excessive voltage during the process of providing the feedback signal to the controller 1, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the relay control circuit.

[0063] Optional, Figure 4 and Figure 5 Circuit connection diagrams for two other relay control circuits provided in embodiments of this utility model. (See diagram for example.) Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, coil 01 includes a first coil 011 and a second coil 012; the drive voltage connection terminal 001 of relay 00 includes a first node 51, a second node 52 and a third node 53; the first end of the first coil 011 is electrically connected to the second pole of the first transistor Q1 at the first node 51, the second end of the second coil 012 is electrically connected to the first pole of the second transistor Q2 at the second node 52, and the second end of the first coil 011 and the first end of the second coil 012 are electrically connected to the third node 53; the third node 53 is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit 5, or the third node 53 is grounded.

[0064] Specifically, when relay 00 is a dual-coil relay, relay 00 may include a first coil 011 and a second coil 012. In an optional embodiment, refer to... Figure 4The first end of the first coil 011 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor Q1 at the first node 51. The second end of the second coil 012 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the second transistor Q2 at the second node 52. The second end of the first coil 011 and the first end of the second coil 012 are electrically connected to the third node 53. The third node 53 is electrically connected to the external power supply circuit 5. Therefore, the conduction state of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 can be controlled by the drive signal, or the conduction state of the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 can be controlled by the drive signal, so that the drive voltage applied to the first coil 011 and the second coil 012 can be adjusted respectively, thereby controlling the on / off state of the first coil 011 and the second coil 012 respectively. Understandably, when the first optocoupler U1 receives the drive signal output from the first drive signal output terminal 1011, the first control terminal 2011 and the second control terminal 2012 of the drive circuit 2 can control the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 to conduct. At this time, the voltage at the first end and the voltage at the second end of the first coil 011 are both VCC, so the first coil 011 is not conducting. The voltage at the first end of the second coil 012 is VCC, and the voltage at the second end of the second coil 012 is 0, so the second coil 012 can conduct. At the same time, the current flow direction in the second coil 012 is from the third node 53 to the second node 52, so the second coil 012 is in a conducting state at this time. It is also understandable that when the second optocoupler U2 receives the drive signal output from the second drive signal output terminal 1012, the third control terminal 2013 and the fourth control terminal 2014 of the drive circuit 2 can control the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 to conduct. At this time, the voltage at the first terminal of the first coil 011 is 0, and the voltage at the second terminal of the first coil 011 is VCC. The first coil 011 can conduct. At the same time, the current flow direction in the first coil 011 is from the third node 53 to the first node 51. Therefore, the first coil 011 is in the off state at this time. The voltage at the first terminal and the second terminal of the second coil 012 are both VCC. Therefore, the second coil 012 is not conducting.

[0065] In another alternative embodiment, reference continues... Figure 5The first end of the first coil 011 is electrically connected to the second electrode of the first transistor Q1 at the first node 51. The second end of the second coil 012 is electrically connected to the first electrode of the second transistor Q2 at the second node 52. The second end of the first coil 011 and the first end of the second coil 012 are electrically connected to the third node 53, which is grounded. It can also be understood that when the first optocoupler U1 receives the drive signal output from the first drive signal output terminal 1011, the first control terminal 2011 and the second control terminal 2012 of the drive circuit 2 can control the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 to conduct. At this time, the voltage at the first end of the first coil 011 is VCC, and the voltage at the second end of the first coil 011 is 0, so the first coil 011 can conduct. Simultaneously, the current flow direction in the first coil 011 is from the first node 51 to the second node 52, therefore the first coil 011 is in a conducting state at this time. The voltages at both the first and second ends of the second coil 012 are 0, therefore the second coil 012 is not conducting. When the second optocoupler U2 receives the drive signal output from the second drive signal output terminal 1012, the third control terminal 2013 and the fourth control terminal 2014 of the drive circuit 2 can control the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 to conduct. The voltage at the first end and the voltage at the second end of the first coil 011 are both 0, so the first coil 011 is not conducting. The voltage at the first end of the second coil 012 is VCC, and the voltage at the second end of the second coil 012 is 0, so the second coil 012 can conduct. At the same time, the current flow direction in the second coil 012 is from the second node 52 to the third node 53, so the second coil 012 is in the off state at this time. By controlling the conduction states of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2, or by controlling the conduction states of the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4, the driving voltage applied to the first coil 011 and the second coil 012 can be adjusted respectively, thereby controlling the on / off states of the first coil 011 and the second coil 012 respectively. This realizes the operation of driving the dual-coil relay electrically connected in the driving circuit through the driving signal output by the controller, improving the flexibility and reliability of driving the relay.

[0066] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model embodiment also provides a switching device, such as... Figure 6As shown, the switching device 11 includes a relay 00 and a relay control circuit 10. The relay control circuit 10 includes a controller 1, a drive circuit 2, a drive signal isolation circuit 3, and a feedback signal isolation circuit 4. The controller 1 is configured with two drive signal output ports 101 and one feedback signal receiving port 102. The drive signal isolation circuit 3 connects the two drive signal output ports 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. The drive circuit 2 connects the external power supply circuit 5 and the drive voltage connection terminal 001 of the relay 00. The feedback signal isolation circuit 4 connects the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1.

[0067] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, the relay 00 includes any one of the following: a magnetic latching relay, a non-magnetic latching relay, a single-coil relay, and a dual-coil relay.

[0068] Specifically, relay 00 may include one or more coils. When relay 00 includes one coil, it is a single-coil relay; when relay 00 includes two coils, it is a double-coil relay. Furthermore, based on the driving method, relay 00 can be divided into magnetic latching relays and non-magnetic latching relays. Magnetic latching relays attract a magnet to maintain the relay's on / off state when the coil is energized, and retain their original state when the coil is de-energized. Non-magnetic latching relays do not have a magnetic latching function and require a continuous driving voltage to maintain the relay's on / off state.

[0069] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the drive signal isolation circuit 10 includes a first isolation device and a second isolation device. The first isolation device is connected to one drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2, and the second isolation device is connected to another drive signal output port 101 of the controller 1 and the drive circuit 2. The feedback signal isolation circuit 4 includes a third isolation device. The third isolation device is connected to the feedback contact 002 of the relay 00 and the feedback signal receiving port 102 of the controller 1.

[0070] In an optional embodiment of this utility model, the first isolation device, the second isolation device, and the third isolation device are optocouplers.

[0071] In an optional embodiment of this invention, the driving circuit adopts an H-bridge driving circuit.

[0072] The aforementioned switching device includes the drive signal isolation circuit provided in any embodiment of this utility model, and possesses the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of the drive signal isolation circuit. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the drive signal isolation circuit provided in any embodiment of this utility model.

[0073] Since the switching device described above includes the drive signal isolation circuit in the embodiments of this utility model, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation and various variations of the switching device in this embodiment based on the drive signal isolation circuit described in the embodiments of this utility model. Therefore, how the switching device achieves the beneficial effects of the drive signal isolation circuit in the embodiments of this utility model will not be described in detail here. As long as those skilled in the art implement the switching device including the drive signal isolation circuit in the embodiments of this utility model, it falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0074] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model embodiment also provides a power distribution device for an energy storage system, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the power distribution device 12 of the energy storage system includes at least one switching device 11. The switching device 11 is used to configure one or more power sources 13 to supply power to the load 14 or to charge the energy storage device 15. The switching device 11 is the switching device 11 of the above embodiment.

[0075] Specifically, the power distribution device 12 of the energy storage system can be understood as a device for managing the flow of electricity to ensure that the power source 13 can supply power to the load 14 or the energy storage device 15 as needed. The power source 13 can be understood as various types of energy supply; for example, the power source 13 may include grid power, photovoltaic (PV) energy, wind power, internal combustion engine power, electric vehicle (EV), etc. The load 14 can be understood as equipment or systems that consume electrical energy, such as household appliances, lighting equipment, industrial machinery, etc. The energy storage device 15 can be understood as a device for storing electrical energy, such as battery packs, supercapacitors, etc., for releasing the stored energy when needed or providing backup power to the system.

[0076] Specifically, the power distribution device 12 of the energy storage system may include one or more switching devices 11, with each switching device 11 corresponding to a power source 13, meaning the number of switching devices 11 and power sources 13 is the same. For ease of description, unless otherwise specified, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 7In this embodiment of the utility model, the power distribution device 12 of the energy storage system includes five switching devices 11 as an example to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model embodiment. Specifically, when it is necessary to supply power from the power source 13 to the load 14, the switch in the circuit connected to the switching device 11 and the load 14 is closed, and the switch in the circuit connected to the energy storage device 15 is open. At the same time, in the switching device 11 corresponding to the power source 13 that needs to supply power to the load 14, the relay 00 is adjusted to the conducting state under the control of the drive signal received by the drive circuit 2, so that the electrical energy of the power source 13 is transmitted to the load 14 through the switching device 11, thereby realizing the power supply to the load 14. When power source 13 needs to supply power to energy storage device 15, the switch in the circuit connecting switching device 11 and load 14 is opened, and the switch in the circuit connecting switching device 11 and energy storage device 15 is closed. Simultaneously, in the switching device 11 corresponding to power source 13, the relay 00 is adjusted to the conducting state under the control of the drive signal received by drive circuit 2, so that the electrical energy of power source 13 is transferred to energy storage device 15 through switching device 11, thereby supplying power to energy storage device 15. This allows energy storage device 15 to release stored energy when needed or to act as a backup power source. By controlling the state of each switching device, the supply of electrical energy from different power sources to the load or energy storage device can be flexibly adjusted, thereby improving energy utilization efficiency, ensuring a stable power supply to the load or energy storage device, and realizing flexible energy allocation and utilization.

[0077] Therefore, the power distribution device of the energy storage system provided in this embodiment has the structure and operation of the switching device of the above embodiment, and can achieve the effect of the switching device of the above embodiment. The similarities can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A relay control circuit, characterized in that, include: Controller, drive circuit, drive signal isolation circuit, and feedback signal isolation circuit; The controller is configured with two drive signal output ports and one feedback signal receiving port; The drive signal isolation circuit connects the two drive signal output ports of the controller and the drive circuit. The drive circuit is connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay. The feedback signal isolation circuit connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

2. The relay control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive signal isolation circuit includes a first isolation device and a second isolation device. The first isolation device is connected to one drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit, and the second isolation device is connected to the other drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit. The feedback signal isolation circuit includes a third isolation device, which connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

3. The relay control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first isolation device, the second isolation device, and the third isolation device are optocouplers.

4. The relay control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving circuit uses an H-bridge driving circuit.

5. A switching device, characterized in that, Includes relays and relay control circuits; The relay control circuit includes: a controller, a drive circuit, a drive signal isolation circuit, and a feedback signal isolation circuit; The controller is configured with two drive signal output ports and one feedback signal receiving port; The drive signal isolation circuit connects the two drive signal output ports of the controller and the drive circuit. The drive circuit is connected to the external power supply circuit and the drive voltage connection terminal of the relay. The feedback signal isolation circuit connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

6. The switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The relay includes any one of the following: Magnetic latching relays, non-magnetic latching relays, single-coil relays, and dual-coil relays.

7. The switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive signal isolation circuit includes a first isolation device and a second isolation device. The first isolation device is connected to one drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit, and the second isolation device is connected to the other drive signal output port of the controller and the drive circuit. The feedback signal isolation circuit includes a third isolation device, which connects the feedback contact of the relay and the feedback signal receiving port of the controller.

8. The switching device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first isolation device, the second isolation device, and the third isolation device are optocouplers.

9. The switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The driving circuit uses an H-bridge driving circuit.

10. A power distribution device for an energy storage system, comprising at least one switching device, said switching device being used to configure one or more power sources to supply power to a load or to charge an energy storage device, characterized in that, The switching device is the switching device according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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