Load voltage control circuit and electric device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a load voltage control circuit and electric equipment. The load voltage control circuit comprises a power supply input end and a power supply output end, the control module comprises a voltage detection end, a power detection end and an output control end, and the voltage detection end is electrically connected with the power supply input end; the input end of the first switch module is electrically connected with the power supply input end, and the enabling end of the first switch module is electrically connected with the output control end; the first end of the push-pull module is electrically connected with the power input end, the second end of the push-pull module is electrically connected with the output end of the first switch module, and the third end of the push-pull module is grounded; the second end of the second switch module is electrically connected with the power output end, and the third end of the second switch module is electrically connected with the fourth end of the push-pull module and the power detection end. According to the application, the electric equipment can be prevented from being damaged in a wide voltage scene, so that the electric equipment keeps constant-power operation in the wide voltage scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of circuit control technology, and in particular to a load voltage control circuit and an electric device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of modern technology, electric equipment has been widely used in various fields. To ensure the normal operation of electric equipment, it is necessary to maintain a constant power state.

[0003] In related technologies, a wide-range power supply is used to provide power to various electric devices. A wide-range power supply refers to a power supply that can accept a wide range of input voltages and provide stable and reliable output voltage and current to the electric devices. Since wide-range power supplies typically fluctuate within a certain voltage range, when the voltage supplied by the wide-range power supply exceeds the rated voltage of the electric device, it can easily cause damage to the electric device. In other words, the use of electric devices in wide-range power supply scenarios is limited. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a load voltage control circuit and an electric device that can prevent damage to the electric device under wide voltage conditions and enable the electric device to maintain constant power operation under wide voltage conditions.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a load voltage control circuit, including:

[0006] The power input terminal and the power output terminal are connected. The power input terminal is used to connect to the power supply, and the power input terminal and the power output terminal are electrically connected.

[0007] The control module includes a voltage detection terminal, a power detection terminal, and an output control terminal. The voltage detection terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal. The control module is used to output a second electrical signal through the output control terminal based on the magnitude of the first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal.

[0008] The first switch module has its input terminal electrically connected to the power input terminal and its enable terminal electrically connected to the output control terminal.

[0009] The push-pull module has its first end electrically connected to the power input terminal, its second end electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module, and its third end grounded.

[0010] The second switch module has its first terminal grounded, its second terminal electrically connected to the power output terminal, and its third terminal electrically connected to both the fourth terminal of the push-pull module and the power detection terminal.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first switching module includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, and a first load component. The first terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to one end of the first load component, the second terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module, and the third terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of the first load component. The first terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the second terminal of the second switching transistor is grounded, and the third terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor.

[0012] The third terminal of the first switching transistor is the input terminal of the first switching module, the second terminal of the first switching transistor is the output terminal of the first switching module, and the first terminal of the second switching transistor is the enable terminal of the first switching module.

[0013] In some embodiments, the push-pull module includes a third switch and a fourth switch. The first terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first switch, the second terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the third terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the power input terminal. The first terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switch, the second terminal of the fourth switch is grounded, and the third terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch.

[0014] Among them, the third electrode of the third switch is the first end of the push-pull module, the first electrode of the third switch is the second end of the push-pull module, the second electrode of the fourth switch is the third end of the push-pull module, and the second electrode of the third switch is the fourth end of the push-pull module.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first switching transistor is a PNP transistor, the second switching transistor is an NPN transistor, the base of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to one end of the first load component, the collector of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module, and the emitter of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of the first load component; the base of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the emitter of the second switching transistor is grounded, and the collector of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the third switching transistor is an NPN transistor, the fourth switching transistor is a PNP transistor, the base of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switching module, the emitter of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the collector of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal; the base of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the base of the third switching transistor, the collector of the fourth switching transistor is grounded, and the emitter of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the emitter of the third switching transistor.

[0017] In some embodiments, a second load component is further included, one end of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the push-pull module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the device further includes a voltage regulator and a first energy storage component. One end of the voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first end of the second switching module, and the other end of the voltage regulator is electrically connected to one end of the first energy storage component. The other end of the first energy storage component is grounded.

[0019] In some embodiments, a voltage protection unit is further included, one end of which is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of which is electrically connected to the power output terminal.

[0020] In some embodiments, the system further includes a third load component and a second energy storage unit. One end of the third load component is electrically connected to a voltage detection terminal, and the other end of the third load component is electrically connected to one end of the second energy storage unit. The other end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to a power output terminal.

[0021] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide an electric device, including a load voltage control circuit according to any one of the first aspects.

[0022] The embodiments of this application include at least the following beneficial effects: The load voltage control circuit proposed in the embodiments of this application includes a power input terminal and a power output terminal. The power input terminal is used to connect to the power supply, and the power input terminal and the power output terminal are electrically connected; a control module, which includes a voltage detection terminal, a power detection terminal, and an output control terminal. The voltage detection terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal, and the control module is used to output a second electrical signal through the output control terminal based on the magnitude of a first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal; a first switch module, whose input terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal, and whose enable terminal is electrically connected to the output control terminal; a push-pull module, whose first end is electrically connected to the power input terminal, whose second end is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module, and whose third end is grounded; and a second switch module, whose first end is grounded, whose second end is electrically connected to the power output terminal, and whose third end is electrically connected to the fourth end of the push-pull module and the power detection terminal, respectively. This application can prevent electric equipment from being damaged under wide voltage conditions and enable the electric equipment to maintain constant power operation under wide voltage conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit module structure of a load voltage control circuit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a load voltage control circuit provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] Power input terminal 110, power output terminal 120, control module 130, first switch module 140, first switch transistor 141, second switch transistor 142, first load component 143, push-pull module 150, third switch transistor 151, fourth switch transistor 152, second switch module 160, second load component 171, voltage regulator component 172, first energy storage component 173, voltage protection unit 174, third load component 175, second energy storage unit 176. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0028] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of this application, "a few" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The use of terms such as "first" and "second" is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly limited, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] In the description of this application, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 2 The embodiments of this application will be further described below, wherein each structure Figures 1 to 2 Both are mentioned in the text.

[0032] With the continuous advancement of modern technology, electric equipment has been widely used in various fields. To ensure the normal operation of electric equipment, it is necessary to maintain a constant power state.

[0033] In related technologies, a wide-range power supply is used to provide power to various electric devices. A wide-range power supply refers to a power supply that can accept a wide range of input voltages and provide stable and reliable output voltage and current to the electric devices. Since wide-range power supplies typically fluctuate within a certain voltage range, when the voltage supplied by the wide-range power supply exceeds the rated voltage of the electric device, it can easily cause damage to the electric device. In other words, the use of electric devices in wide-range power supply scenarios is limited.

[0034] Based on this, the present application provides a load voltage control circuit and an electric device, which will be described in detail below, and the beneficial effects of the present application will gradually become apparent.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit module structure of a load voltage control circuit provided in one embodiment of this application, wherein the load voltage control circuit includes:

[0036] The power input terminal 110 and the power output terminal 120 are provided. The power input terminal 110 is used to connect to the power supply, and the power input terminal 110 and the power output terminal 120 are electrically connected.

[0037] Control module 130 includes a voltage detection terminal, a power detection terminal, and an output control terminal. The voltage detection terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110. The control module 130 is used to output a second electrical signal through the output control terminal based on the magnitude of the first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal.

[0038] The first switch module 140 has its input terminal electrically connected to the power input terminal 110 and its enable terminal electrically connected to the output control terminal.

[0039] The push-pull module 150 has its first end electrically connected to the power input terminal 110, its second end electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module 140, and its third end grounded.

[0040] The second switch module 160 has a first terminal grounded, a second terminal electrically connected to the power output terminal 120, and a third terminal electrically connected to the fourth terminal of the push-pull module 150 and the power detection terminal, respectively.

[0041] First, it should be noted that since the voltage detection terminal, power detection terminal, and output control terminal all originate from the control module, connecting any component to any of these terminals is essentially connecting it to the control module. Therefore, the diagram is as follows: Figure 1 Then it will be based on Figure 2 More detailed explanations will be provided for each terminal.

[0042] In practical applications, power supplies are typically wide-range power supplies, meaning those with relatively stable output voltages and a wide range of applicability. Furthermore, wide-range power supplies usually have a broad output voltage range, for example, from 3 volts (V) to 24V, or even wider, enabling them to meet the voltage requirements of various load-bearing electrical devices. Therefore, directly connecting electrical devices to a wide-range power supply can easily cause the output voltage to exceed the rated voltage of the electrical device, leading to damage. Thus, the load voltage control circuit proposed in this application is needed to adjust the voltage across the electrical device in a timely manner to avoid circuit damage caused by wide-range power supply scenarios, thereby expanding the application scenarios of the electrical devices.

[0043] Furthermore, the wide-range power supply can be a wide-range DC power supply or a wide-range AC power supply, etc. The specific type of wide-range power supply can be set according to the actual situation, and this application embodiment does not limit this. Regardless of the type, the load voltage control circuit provided in this application embodiment can be electrically connected to the power supply through the power input terminal 110. When the supply voltage provided by the power supply is greater than the circuit's preset threshold, the circuit proposed in this application embodiment can intelligently adjust the voltage applied across the circuit by changing the circuit's duty cycle signal, thereby making the electric device equally applicable in wide-range power supply scenarios.

[0044] It should be noted first that the term "electrical connection" in the embodiments of this application, also known as "electrical property connection," is a description of the connection relationship used to illustrate this characteristic of the circuit when describing the circuit structure of a product. It can be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil on a printed circuit board (PCB) or wires. It is understood that the two electronic components in an "electrical connection" can be directly connected, or indirectly connected by other electronic components in between.

[0045] In other words, in the load voltage control circuit proposed in this application, other components can be added between electrically connected electronic components according to actual conditions. For example, load components such as resistors can be added between the power input terminal 110 and the control module 130, and between the control module 130 and the push-pull module 150. Furthermore, when the supply voltage provided by the power supply to the power input terminal 110 exceeds a preset threshold, the control module 130, the push-pull module 150, the first switch module 140, the second switch module 160, and the newly added components cooperate to achieve intelligent adjustment of the supply voltage. This application does not limit the components that can be added between two electrically connected electronic components; the specific settings are determined according to actual conditions.

[0046] In this embodiment, the power input terminal 110 and the power output terminal 120 are both connection points between the load voltage control circuit (hereinafter referred to as "circuit" for ease of description) provided in this embodiment and the power supply. Figure 2 As shown, in the circuit of this embodiment, the M+ terminal is the power input terminal 110, and the M- terminal is the power output terminal 120. The power input terminal 110 allows current from the power supply to flow into the circuit. The first switch module 140, the push-pull module 150, the control module 130, and the second switch module 160 jointly regulate the current from the power input terminal 110 so that the regulated current flows out from the power output terminal 120, thereby realizing the load voltage regulation of the working components (such as electric equipment) connected to the power input terminal 110 and the power output terminal 120.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the load voltage control circuit provided in one embodiment of this application. The control module 130 includes a voltage detection terminal (T73), a power detection terminal (T83), and an output control terminal (T77). The voltage detection terminal, power detection terminal, and output control terminal are different ports of the controller. The voltage detection terminal is used to detect the voltage value of the circuit; the power detection terminal is used to detect the current power value of the circuit; the controller controls the output control terminal to send a second electrical signal based on the first electrical signal detected by the voltage and power detection terminals, so as to control the enable terminal of the first switching module 140 through the second electrical signal, enabling the first switching module 140 to change its on / off state according to the magnitude or state (e.g., high level or low level) of the second electrical signal; when the second electrical signal reaches a specific condition (e.g., reaches a certain voltage value or logic state), the first switching module 140 will turn on or off, thereby controlling the on / off state of different components in the push-pull module 150, and thus controlling the electrical connection state of the current from the power input terminal 110 to the subsequent circuits.

[0048] The voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal both function as detection terminals, and the electrical signals detected at these two terminals are referred to as the first electrical signal. The controller calculates the duty cycle required to maintain constant power operation of the current electric device based on the first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal (representing the voltage value) and the first electrical signal detected by the power detection terminal (representing the power value), using a pre-programmed program. Then, based on this duty cycle, it determines the output of a second electrical signal to control the conduction status of the first switching module 140. The first electrical signal can be an analog signal or a digital signal, depending on the actual circuit design; this embodiment does not impose such limitations.

[0049] Furthermore, the electrical signal output from the output control terminal is referred to as the second electrical signal. This second electrical signal is a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal. A PWM signal is an analog signal that simulates continuous changes by altering the pulse width (duty cycle). In a PWM signal, each pulse consists of a high level and a low level, and the ratio of the pulse width (i.e., the duration of the high level) to the entire cycle is called the duty cycle. By adjusting the duty cycle, the PWM signal can achieve approximate or precise control of the analog signal.

[0050] Furthermore, the controller analyzes and judges the received first electrical signal, determines the duty cycle of the output second electrical signal after the judgment is completed, and outputs the second electrical signal so as to change the connection status of the current circuit components and realize intelligent adjustment of the load voltage. Furthermore, the input terminal of the first switch module 140 is connected to the power input terminal 110, and its enable terminal is connected to the output control terminal of the control module 130. This means that the closing of the first switch module 140 is directly controlled by the second electrical signal output by the control module 130. A push-pull module 150 is provided in the circuit. Its first terminal is connected to the power input terminal 110, its second terminal is connected to the output terminal of the first switch module 140, and its third terminal is grounded to ensure that the current can flow correctly to the ground wire. The circuit also includes a second switch module 160, one end of which is grounded, and the other end is connected to the power output terminal 120. It is also connected to the fourth terminal and the power detection terminal of the push-pull module 150, ensuring effective control of the load.

[0051] Furthermore, the controller can be a System on Chip (SoC), Microcontroller Unit (MCU), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), etc. The specific type of controller used can be adapted to the actual situation, and the embodiments of this application do not limit it in this regard.

[0052] Furthermore, the controller includes a comparison and judgment unit, which compares the magnitude of the first electrical signal and a preset threshold to obtain the comparison result. Specifically, when the circuit is not connected, the controller receives the first electrical signal from the circuit based on the voltage detection terminal and compares the first electrical signal with the first threshold. If the first electrical signal is greater than the first threshold signal, the controller outputs a second electrical signal (e.g., a high level) based on the output control terminal to control the first switch module 140 to conduct. Subsequently, the first switch module 140 outputs an electrical signal to change the conduction status of the components in the push-pull module 150, thereby controlling the second switch module 160 to close, forming a current loop. When the circuit is connected, the controller determines the current load status of the circuit by real-time detection of the first electrical signal from the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal. If the calculated current load exceeds the preset second threshold, the controller outputs a second electrical signal (e.g., a low level) based on the output control terminal to control the first switch module 140 to not conduct. Subsequently, the first switch module 140 outputs an electrical signal to change the conduction status of the components in the push-pull module 150, thereby controlling the second switch module 160 to open, and no current flows through the circuit.

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the first switch module 140 includes a first switch transistor 141, a second switch transistor 142, and a first load component 143. The first terminal of the first switch transistor 141 is electrically connected to one end of the first load component 143, the second terminal of the first switch transistor 141 is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module 150, and the third terminal of the first switch transistor 141 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110 and the other end of the first load component 143. The first terminal of the second switch transistor 142 is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the second terminal of the second switch transistor 142 is grounded, and the third terminal of the second switch transistor 142 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switch transistor 141.

[0054] The third terminal of the first switching transistor 141 is the input terminal of the first switching module 140, the second terminal of the first switching transistor 141 is the output terminal of the first switching module 140, and the first terminal of the second switching transistor 142 is the enable terminal of the first switching module 140.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first switching module 140 consists of a first switching transistor 141, a second switching transistor 142, and a first load component 143. Selective conduction of the current path is achieved by utilizing the cooperative operation of the two switching transistors. When the current path needs to be opened, the control module 130 outputs a second electrical signal, characterized by a high level, to the second switching transistor 142 through its output control terminal, thereby satisfying the conduction condition of the first switching transistor 141 and turning it on. When the second switching transistor 142 is on, it can provide sufficient base current to the first switching transistor 141, causing the first switching transistor 141 to also enter the conducting state. Conversely, if the controller determines that no current flow is needed in the current circuit, it outputs a second electrical signal characterized by a low level, at which point both switching transistors will be in the off state.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first switching transistor 141 is a PNP transistor, and the second switching transistor 142 is an NPN transistor. The base of the first switching transistor 141 is electrically connected to one end of the first load component 143, the collector of the first switching transistor 141 is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module 150, and the emitter of the first switching transistor 141 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110 and the other end of the first load component 143. The base of the second switching transistor 142 is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the emitter of the second switching transistor 142 is grounded, and the collector of the second switching transistor 142 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor 141.

[0057] A PNP transistor is a bipolar junction transistor composed of two layers of P-type semiconductors sandwiching one layer of N-type semiconductors. This structure allows the PNP transistor to be used as a switch in the circuit proposed in this application. A PNP transistor has three terminals: the base (B), the emitter (E), and the collector (C). When the PNP transistor is turned on, current flows from the emitter to the collector.

[0058] An NPN transistor is a transistor composed of two N-type semiconductors sandwiching a P-type semiconductor. An NPN transistor can convert weak electrical signals into signals of a certain strength. An NPN transistor has three terminals: the base (B), the emitter (E), and the collector (C). When an NPN transistor is turned on, current flows out from the emitter (E).

[0059] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first switching module 140, through the cooperation of the two switching transistors, avoids the situation where the first switching transistor 141 has only one switching transistor, and the voltage from the power supply terminal is too high, damaging the switching transistor and causing the controller to be unable to control the circuit load. In addition, since the transistor has a low on-resistance when it is turned on, that is, the transistor can provide a large drive current in the rapid switching state, the first switching module 140 can help the push-pull module 150 reach the required voltage level more quickly. In turn, the push-pull module 150 can help the second switching module 160 reach the required voltage level more quickly, thereby speeding up the closing speed of the second switching module 160 and reducing the heat loss time of the second switching module 160. This avoids the problem of the second switching module 160 overheating due to excessively long closing time and unnecessary closing time, which could lead to circuit overheating damage.

[0060] It should be noted that the switching transistors in the first switching module 140 can also be N-channel field-effect transistors, P-channel field-effect transistors, or insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). When other types of switching transistors are used, the circuit of this embodiment will be adapted accordingly, which will not be detailed here. Furthermore, this embodiment does not limit the specific type of each switching transistor in the first switching module 140; it can be set according to the actual situation.

[0061] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the resistance of the first load component 143 can be 100KΩ. Of course, this is just an example, and the specific resistance value can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The first load component 143 can provide the necessary bias voltage between the base (B) and emitter (E) of the first switch 141, ensuring that the first switch 141 can be turned on smoothly when needed.

[0062] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, to improve circuit stability, other load components can be added to the first switch module 140, such as a 1 kΩ resistor R55, a 5.1 kΩ resistor R58, and a 10 kΩ resistor R73. One end of resistor R55 is electrically connected to resistor R30, and the other end of resistor R55 is electrically connected to the second switch transistor 142. One end of resistor R58 is electrically connected to the second switch transistor 142, and the other end of resistor R58 is electrically connected to the output control terminal. One end of resistor R73 is electrically connected to the second switch transistor 142, and the other end of resistor R73 is grounded.

[0063] It is understood that in some embodiments, in order to improve the reliability and robustness of the circuits in the embodiments of this application, redundant design can be introduced in the first switching module 140. For example, dual parallel switching transistors can be set up so that even if one fails, the other can continue to work, ensuring that the system will not completely shut down due to a single point of failure.

[0064] Furthermore, the first switch module 140 is electrically connected to the push-pull module 150, and the push-pull module 150 is electrically connected to the second switch module 160.

[0065] In some embodiments, the push-pull module 150 includes a third switch 151 and a fourth switch 152. The first terminal of the third switch 151 is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first switch 141, the second terminal of the third switch 151 is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the third terminal of the third switch 151 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110. The first terminal of the fourth switch 152 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switch 151, the second terminal of the fourth switch 152 is grounded, and the third terminal of the fourth switch 152 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch 151.

[0066] Among them, the third pole of the third switch 151 is the first end of the push-pull module 150, the first pole of the third switch 151 is the second end of the push-pull module 150, the second pole of the fourth switch 152 is the third end of the push-pull module 150, and the second pole of the third switch 151 is the fourth end of the push-pull module 150.

[0067] In this embodiment, the push-pull module 150 consists of a third switch 151 and a fourth switch 152. Selective conduction of the current path is achieved through the coordinated operation of the two switches. When the control module 130 outputs a high-level second electrical signal to the second switch 142 via its output control terminal, the third switch 151 is turned on, the fourth switch 152 is turned off, and the second switch module 160 is turned on, forming a current loop. When the control module 130 outputs a low-level second electrical signal to the second switch 142 via its output control terminal, the third switch 151 is turned off, the fourth switch 152 is turned on, and the second switch module 160 is not turned on, preventing the current from forming a loop.

[0068] The push-pull module 150 consists of two complementary switching transistors. Specifically, the third switching transistor 151 is an NPN transistor, and the fourth switching transistor 152 is a PNP transistor. The base of the third switching transistor 151 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switching module 140, the emitter of the third switching transistor 151 is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the collector of the third switching transistor 151 is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110. The base of the fourth switching transistor 152 is electrically connected to the base of the third switching transistor 151, the collector of the fourth switching transistor 152 is grounded, and the emitter of the fourth switching transistor 152 is electrically connected to the emitter of the third switching transistor 151.

[0069] Furthermore, the NPN and PNP transistors operate alternately, with one conducting while the other is cut off, thus achieving bidirectional drive of the load. When the output control terminal outputs a high-level signal, the NPN transistor (third switch 151) conducts; simultaneously, the PNP transistor (fourth switch 152) is cut off. At this time, current flows into the load through the NPN transistor, forming a forward current path. Alternatively, when the output control terminal outputs a low-level signal, the NPN transistor is cut off, while the PNP transistor conducts. In this case, a closed current loop cannot be formed.

[0070] like Figure 2 As shown, the second switching module 160 can be a switching transistor Q22, which is an N-channel field-effect transistor (NMOS transistor). The gate of Q22 is electrically connected to the fourth terminal of the push-pull module 150 (the second terminal of the third switching transistor 151 in this embodiment), the source of Q22 is grounded, and the drain of Q22 is electrically connected to the power output terminal 120. Similarly, the switching transistors included in the second switching module 160 can also be P-channel field-effect transistors, NPN transistors, or PNP transistors. When other types of switching transistors are selected, the circuit of this embodiment will be adapted accordingly, which will not be described in detail here.

[0071] That is, when the controller outputs a high duty cycle, the second switch 142 is turned on, the first switch 141 is turned on, the third switch 151 is turned on, and the fourth switch 152 is turned off. At this time, Q22 is turned on, forming a closed loop, and the current flows from the power input terminal to the power output terminal. When the controller outputs a low duty cycle, the second switch 142 is turned off, the first switch 141 is turned off, the third switch 151 is turned off, and the fourth switch 152 is turned on. At this time, Q22 is turned off, and the circuit is in an open circuit state.

[0072] It is understood that the circuit proposed in this application determines and adjusts the duty cycle signal applicable to the current circuit in real time based on the first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal, and then outputs the second electrical signal through the output control terminal to change the conduction status of the first switch module 140, the push-pull module 150 and the second switch module 160, thereby maintaining the constant power output of the circuit.

[0073] Thus, in wide power supply scenarios, the circuit proposed in this application embodiment can flexibly adjust the voltage through the first switching module 140, the push-pull module 150, and the second switching module 160, thereby ensuring that the circuit can maintain a stable current output within different input voltage ranges, and thus maintain the normal operation of the load. For example, when the lithium battery is the power supply, the PWM signal has a duty cycle of 100; when powered by DC 8V to 15V, the PWM signal has a duty cycle of 100; and when powered by DC 20V to 26V, the PWM signal has a duty cycle of 70.

[0074] In some embodiments, a second load component 171 is also included, one end of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module 140, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the push-pull module 150.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, the second load component 171 can be a resistor with a resistance of 1KΩ. The second load component 171 serves as a buffer circuit between the first switch module 140 and the push-pull module 150, which can reduce voltage spikes that may occur during fast switching, protect sensitive components from damage, enhance the fault tolerance of the system, and improve the safety of long-term operation.

[0076] Furthermore, different load types of components can be added to the circuit according to the specific application scenario requirements, such as resistive load components, inductive load components, or capacitive load components, to meet specific application needs. Specifically, capacitive loads can be selected to improve transient response characteristics; or inductive loads can be used to smooth current fluctuations and improve motor operating performance, etc.

[0077] In other embodiments, to improve system reliability and durability, a bypass diode can be connected in parallel across the second load component 171. This provides a backup path in the event of a fault in the main current path, ensuring the circuit does not fail completely due to a single point of failure. The bypass diode also provides protection against reverse current, preventing damage caused by reverse current. Furthermore, considering the temperature effects of prolonged operation, temperature sensors can be installed at critical locations to monitor the system in real time and implement necessary cooling measures, ensuring the system always operates within safe limits.

[0078] Alternatively, to further enhance circuit safety, a fuse or other form of overcurrent protection device can be integrated near the second load component 171. This protection device can quickly disconnect the circuit upon detecting an abnormally large current, preventing potential safety hazards. Simultaneously, additional filtering components can be arranged around the second load component 171 to filter out any high-frequency noise, ensuring a cleaner and more stable circuit output.

[0079] In some embodiments, the system further includes a voltage regulator component 172 and a first energy storage component 173. One end of the voltage regulator component 172 is electrically connected to the first end of the second switching module 160, and the other end of the voltage regulator component 172 is electrically connected to one end of the first energy storage component 173. The other end of the first energy storage component 173 is grounded.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, the voltage regulator component 172 in this embodiment can be a Zener diode. A Zener diode can stabilize the output voltage, thereby ensuring that even with large input voltage fluctuations, the connected electrical equipment can obtain a constant supply voltage. This is crucial for protecting sensitive electrical equipment and ensuring the normal operation of the circuit. The first energy storage component 173 stores energy and releases it when the input voltage fluctuates to maintain the stability of the output voltage. In the event of a sudden drop in input voltage, the energy storage component can temporarily provide additional energy to prevent a sudden drop in output voltage, thus improving circuit stability.

[0081] In some embodiments, a voltage protection unit 174 is further included, one end of which is electrically connected to the power input terminal 110, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the power output terminal 120.

[0082] like Figure 2 As shown, the voltage protection unit 174 is an electrical connection between M+ and M-, and includes multiple diodes connected in parallel. The voltage protection unit 174 can effectively prevent back-electromagnetic interference.

[0083] In some embodiments, the system further includes a third load component 175 and a second energy storage unit 176. One end of the third load component 175 is electrically connected to a voltage detection terminal, and the other end of the third load component 175 is electrically connected to one end of the second energy storage unit 176. The other end of the second energy storage unit 176 is electrically connected to a power output terminal 120.

[0084] like Figure 2As shown, the third load component 175 can be a resistor with a resistance of 2Ω, and the second energy storage unit 176 can be a capacitor. The electrical connection structure of the third load component 175 and the second energy storage unit 176 enables the voltage detection terminal to transfer excess energy to the second energy storage unit 176 for storage while monitoring the input voltage in real time. This absorbs the energy surge caused by instantaneous high voltage and prevents this energy from directly affecting downstream circuit components and causing damage to them.

[0085] It is understood that, in some embodiments, in order to optimize energy management and improve system efficiency, an alarm device, such as an indicator light or a buzzer, can be integrated into the voltage detection terminal to promptly notify the user of any abnormal voltage conditions, so that relevant management personnel can take appropriate measures.

[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, other components can also be included in the circuit, such as resistors R118 and R38 connected in parallel between the second terminal of the third switch 151 and the third terminal of the fourth switch 152, where the resistance of both resistors R118 and R38 is 120Ω; a resistor R132 with a resistance of 1Ω is placed between the second switch module 160 and the power detection terminal; a resistor R124 with a resistance of 10Ω is placed between the second switch module 160 and the push-pull module 150; and a resistor R136 with a resistance of 10Ω and a resistor R130 with a resistance of 10KΩ are placed between the second switch module 160 and the ground terminal. These components, together with the first switch module 140, the push-pull module 150, the control module 130, and the second switch module 160, can jointly control the intelligent load adjustment of the circuit, thereby improving the stability of the circuit.

[0087] This application also provides an electric device, in which the load voltage control circuit proposed in this application can be incorporated. An electric device refers to a device driven by a motor, and can be a household electric device (such as a vacuum cleaner), an entertainment electric device (such as a stereo system), an office electric device (such as a printer), etc. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0088] Furthermore, the electric device can also be a portable electric device. For example, when a user carries a portable electric device outdoors, it needs to be connected to a wide-range power supply to put it into operation. Since the output voltage range of outdoor power supplies is often unpredictable, the load voltage control circuit proposed in this application can quickly adjust the voltage according to the output voltage of the wide-range power supply and the current load power of the circuit. This allows the portable electric device to be used in wide-range power supply scenarios while reducing heat loss of circuit components and improving the user experience.

[0089] It should also be understood that the various implementation methods provided in this application can be combined arbitrarily to achieve different technical effects.

[0090] The above provides a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of this application. However, this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this application. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A load voltage control circuit, characterized in that, include: The power input terminal and the power output terminal are provided, wherein the power input terminal is used to connect to the power supply, and the power input terminal and the power output terminal are electrically connected. The control module includes a voltage detection terminal, a power detection terminal, and an output control terminal. The voltage detection terminal is electrically connected to the power input terminal. The control module is used to output a second electrical signal through the output control terminal based on the magnitude of a first electrical signal detected by the voltage detection terminal and the power detection terminal. A first switching module, wherein the input terminal of the first switching module is electrically connected to the power input terminal, and the enable terminal of the first switching module is electrically connected to the output control terminal; A push-pull module, wherein the first end of the push-pull module is electrically connected to the power input terminal, the second end of the push-pull module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module, and the third end of the push-pull module is grounded; The second switch module has a first terminal grounded, a second terminal electrically connected to the power output terminal, and a third terminal electrically connected to the fourth terminal of the push-pull module and the power detection terminal, respectively.

2. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first switching module includes a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, and a first load component. The first terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to one end of the first load component, the second terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module, and the third terminal of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of the first load component. The first terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the second terminal of the second switching transistor is grounded, and the third terminal of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor. Wherein, the third terminal of the first switching transistor is the input terminal of the first switching module, the second terminal of the first switching transistor is the output terminal of the first switching module, and the first terminal of the second switching transistor is the enable terminal of the first switching module.

3. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The push-pull module includes a third switch and a fourth switch. The first terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the third terminal of the first switch, the second terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the third terminal of the third switch is electrically connected to the power input terminal. The first terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the first terminal of the third switch, the second terminal of the fourth switch is grounded, and the third terminal of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the second terminal of the third switch. Wherein, the third terminal of the third switch is the first terminal of the push-pull module, the first terminal of the third switch is the second terminal of the push-pull module, the second terminal of the fourth switch is the third terminal of the push-pull module, and the second terminal of the third switch is the fourth terminal of the push-pull module.

4. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first switching transistor is a PNP transistor, and the second switching transistor is an NPN transistor. The base of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to one end of the first load component, the collector of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the second end of the push-pull module, and the emitter of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of the first load component. The base of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the output control terminal, the emitter of the second switching transistor is grounded, and the collector of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor.

5. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The third switching transistor is an NPN transistor, and the fourth switching transistor is a PNP transistor. The base of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switching module, the emitter of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the power detection terminal, and the collector of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the power input terminal. The base of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the base of the third switching transistor, the collector of the fourth switching transistor is grounded, and the emitter of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the emitter of the third switching transistor.

6. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second load component, one end of which is electrically connected to the output terminal of the first switch module, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the second terminal of the push-pull module.

7. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulator and a first energy storage component. One end of the voltage regulator is electrically connected to the first end of the second switching module, and the other end of the voltage regulator is electrically connected to one end of the first energy storage component. The other end of the first energy storage component is grounded.

8. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage protection unit, one end of which is electrically connected to the power input terminal and the other end of which is electrically connected to the power output terminal.

9. The load voltage control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a third load component and a second energy storage unit. One end of the third load component is electrically connected to the voltage detection terminal, and the other end of the third load component is electrically connected to one end of the second energy storage unit. The other end of the second energy storage unit is electrically connected to the power output terminal.

10. An electric device, characterized in that, Includes the load voltage control circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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