Variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutter head and full-section tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of shield tunneling machines, in particular to a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutter head and a full-section tunnel boring machine, the cutter head comprises a cutter head fixing part, the cutter head fixing part comprises a center cylinder, a main spoke arm and a telescopic connecting device, the main spoke arm is fixed between the center cylinder and the telescopic connecting device, and the telescopic connecting device is connected with the center cylinder. A center cutter is arranged on the center cylinder, and a first cutter assembly is arranged on the main spoke arm. The cutter head telescopic part is fixed to the telescopic connecting device and located at the end, back to the main spoke arm, of the cutter head telescopic part, and a second cutter assembly is arranged on the cutter head telescopic part. According to the variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead and the full-section tunnel boring machine, the cutting radius of the telescopic part of the cutterhead is changed through stretching and retracting of the telescopic device, tunneling of tunnels with different radiuses is achieved, and the technical problem that when the diameter of the cutterhead needs to be changed, irreversible transformation needs to be conducted on the cutterhead or the cutterhead needs to be remanufactured is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, specifically to a variable diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead and a full-face tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Engineering projects vary in tunnel diameter and length. Generally, each project uses a cutterhead of a specific diameter to match the tunnel's diameter. However, for tunnels with small-diameter soft soil, a small-diameter soft soil cutterhead is required. The diameter range of this small-diameter soft soil cutterhead is between 2-5 meters. If it needs to be used in other tunnel projects with different diameters and similar geological conditions, two common solutions are: Solution 1: Irreversibly modify the original cutterhead using methods such as cutting, planing, and welding. However, this irreversible modification process can easily deform and damage the original cutterhead structure, affecting its performance. Furthermore, this method can only be performed after the equipment has exited the tunnel, which can easily lead to scheduling conflicts. Solution 2: Fabricate a new cutterhead. This will leave the old cutterhead idle, resulting in resource waste and increased operating costs.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for a cutter head with an adjustable diameter to solve the problems existing in the current technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a variable-diameter cutterhead for soft soil and a full-face tunnel boring machine, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the cutterhead needs to be irreversibly modified or remanufactured when the cutterhead diameter needs to be changed. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a small-diameter cutterhead for soft soil with variable diameter, comprising: a cutterhead fixing part, which includes a central cylinder, a main spoke arm, and a telescopic connecting device, the main spoke arm being fixed between the central cylinder and the telescopic connecting device, the central cylinder being provided with a central cutter, and the main spoke arm being provided with a first cutting blade assembly; and a cutterhead telescopic part, which is fixed to the telescopic connecting device and located at one end opposite to the main spoke arm, and the cutterhead telescopic part being provided with a second cutting blade assembly.

[0006] A further improvement of this utility model is that the cutter head fixing part also includes an auxiliary spoke arm, an annular rib is fixed between the main spoke arm and the auxiliary spoke arm, and a third cutter assembly is provided on the auxiliary spoke arm to avoid the cutting trajectory of the first cutter assembly.

[0007] A further improvement of this utility model of a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead is that the auxiliary spoke arm includes a panel and two inclined side plates. The two inclined side plates are located behind the panel, and the first sides of the two inclined side plates are respectively fixed to the two sides of the panel, and the second sides of the two inclined side plates intersect and are fixed.

[0008] A further improvement of this utility model is that the auxiliary boom also includes a central support plate, the first side of which is fixed to the middle of the panel, and the second side of which intersects and is fixed to the second side of the two inclined side plates.

[0009] A further improvement of this utility model of a variable diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead is that the number of the main spokes and the auxiliary spokes are one-to-one, each being at least two, and the at least two main spokes and the auxiliary spokes are arranged alternately in a radial pattern.

[0010] A further improvement of this utility model is that the cutterhead fixing part also includes a flange located behind the main spoke arm, and a support leg is fixed between the flange and the main spoke arm.

[0011] A further improvement of the variable diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead of this utility model is that the first cutter assembly includes a first fixed part advance cutter and a first fixed part cutter. The first fixed part advance cutter is located on the front of the main spoke arm, and the first fixed part cutter is located on both sides of the main spoke arm.

[0012] A further improvement of this utility model is that the second cutting blade assembly includes a telescopic advance blade and a telescopic cutter. The telescopic advance blade is located on the front of the telescopic part of the cutter head, and the telescopic cutter is located on both sides of the telescopic part of the cutter head.

[0013] A further improvement of this utility model's variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead is that the telescopic connection device is a hydraulic telescopic rod.

[0014] This utility model also provides a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil full-face tunnel boring machine, including the aforementioned variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead.

[0015] The application of the technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] This utility model relates to a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead and a full-face tunnel boring machine. By extending and retracting the telescopic device, the cutting radius of the cutterhead's telescopic section is changed, enabling tunneling of tunnels with different radii. This solves the technical problem in existing technologies where irreversible modification or remanufacturing of the cutterhead is required when changing its diameter. Within the telescopic area of ​​the cutterhead, multiple cutters are arranged along the cutter trajectory, ensuring full-face coverage of the cutters even after the telescopic section extends to a certain position, achieving rapid diameter change of the cutterhead. The main and auxiliary spokes are connected by at least two annular ribs to transmit torque and thrust, ensuring structural strength. The auxiliary spokes adopt an inverted triangular support structure design, ensuring structural strength while facilitating soil flow. The main spokes are connected to the flange by the same number of angled legs in the middle section of the main spokes, better meeting the force requirements of the cutterhead, and the legs also mix the soil in the soil chamber, reducing the probability of mud cake formation.

[0017] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of the telescopic connection device of the variable diameter soft soil cutterhead of this utility model in its retracted state.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of the telescopic connection device of the variable diameter soft soil cutterhead of this utility model in its extended state.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Sectional view along the BB line.

[0023] The components include: 1. Cutter head fixing part; 2. Cutter head telescopic part; 11. Center cylinder; 111. Center cutter; 12. Main spoke arm; 13. Auxiliary spoke arm; 131. Panel; 132. Sloping side plate; 133. Center support plate; 134. Inner and outer end sealing plates; 14. Telescopic connecting device; 15. Annular rib; 16. Flange; 17. Support leg; 18. First fixing part advance cutter; 19. First fixing part cutter; 20. Telescopic area; 21. Telescopic part advance cutter; 22. Telescopic part cutter; 23. Second fixing part advance cutter; 24. Second fixing part cutter. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] See Figures 1-4 As shown, a variable-diameter small-diameter cutterhead for soft soil includes: a cutterhead fixing part 1, which includes a central cylinder 11, a main spoke arm 12, and a telescopic connecting device 14. The main spoke arm 12 is fixed between the central cylinder 11 and the telescopic connecting device 14. A central blade 111 is provided on the central cylinder 11, and a first cutting blade assembly is provided on the main spoke arm 12; and a cutterhead telescopic part 2, which is fixed to the telescopic connecting device 14 and located at one end opposite to the main spoke arm 12. A second cutting blade assembly is provided on the cutterhead telescopic part 2. Specifically, the central blade 111 is elongated and can rotate around its center to cut the soil at the center. The central cylinder 11 is a circular cylinder. This invention changes the position of the cutterhead telescopic part 2 by using the telescopic connecting device 14, thereby changing the diameter of the cutterhead telescopic part 2 during rotational cutting, avoiding irreversible modification of the cutterhead and reducing the cost of manufacturing a new cutterhead.

[0026] Preferably, the cutter head fixing part 1 further includes an auxiliary spoke arm 13, and an annular rib 15 is fixed between the main spoke arm 12 and the auxiliary spoke arm 13. The auxiliary spoke arm 13 is provided with a third cutter assembly that avoids the cutting trajectory of the first cutter assembly. The number of annular ribs 15 can be varied according to the diameter of the cutter head and the structural strength requirements. In this embodiment, the number of annular ribs 15 between the main spoke arm 12 and the auxiliary spoke arm 13 is at least two, and the at least two annular ribs 15 are spaced apart to transmit torque and thrust and ensure structural strength.

[0027] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown, the auxiliary spoke arm 13 includes a panel 131 and two inclined side plates 132. The two inclined side plates 132 are located behind the panel 131. The first sides of the two inclined side plates 132 are respectively fixed to the two sides of the panel 131, and the second sides of the two inclined side plates 132 intersect and are fixed together. The two inclined side plates 132 and the panel 131 form a triangular cross-section structure, which adopts an inverted triangular support structure design to ensure structural strength and facilitate the flow of slag.

[0028] Preferably, the auxiliary spoke arm 13 further includes a central support plate 133. The first side of the central support plate 133 is fixed to the center of the panel 131, and the second side of the central support plate 133 intersects and is fixed to the second sides of the two inclined side plates 132. The central support plate 133, supported between the two inclined side plates 132 and the panel 131, further increases the overall strength of the auxiliary spoke arm 13. Furthermore, inner and outer end caps 134 are fixed between the central support plate 133, the two inclined side plates 132, and the panel 131 to improve the integrity and strength of the auxiliary spoke arm 13.

[0029] Preferably, the number of main spokes 12 and auxiliary spokes 13 is one-to-one, with at least two of each, and the at least two main spokes 12 and auxiliary spokes 13 are arranged alternately in a radial pattern. The number of main spokes 12 and auxiliary spokes 13 can be varied according to geological conditions, diameter, etc. In this embodiment, the number of main spokes 12 and auxiliary spokes 13 is three, which can generate sufficient cutting force on the soft soil layer.

[0030] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cutterhead fixing part 1 also includes a flange 16 located behind the main spoke arm 12, and a support leg 17 is fixed between the flange 16 and the main spoke arm 12. The support leg 17 is fixed at the middle position of the main spoke arm 12, and the support leg 17 has a certain inclination angle to transmit torque and thrust. The number of support legs 17 is the same as the number of main spoke arms 12 and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The flange 16 is used to connect with the drive structure of the tunnel boring machine. The drive structure transmits torque to the cutterhead through the flange 16, thereby realizing the rotation of the cutterhead.

[0031] Preferably, the first cutting assembly includes a first fixed-part advance cutter 18 and a first fixed-part cutter 19. The first fixed-part advance cutter 18 is located on the front of the main spoke arm 12, and the first fixed-part cutter 19 is located on both sides of the main spoke arm 12. The third cutting assembly has the same structure as the first cutting assembly, including a second fixed-part advance cutter 23 and a second fixed-part cutter 24. The second fixed-part advance cutter 23 is located on the front of the auxiliary spoke arm 13, and the second fixed-part cutter 24 is located on both sides of the auxiliary spoke arm 13. In this embodiment, the first cutting assembly is located on the main spoke arm 12 near the center cylinder 11, and the second cutting assembly is located on the auxiliary spoke arm 13 away from the center cylinder 11, so that the cutting trajectories do not overlap, achieving full-section cutting. The number of the first fixed-part advance cutter 18, the first fixed-part cutter 19, the second fixed-part advance cutter 23, and the second fixed-part cutter 24 is set according to actual needs.

[0032] Preferably, the second cutting tool assembly includes a telescopic advance blade 21 and a telescopic cutter 22. The telescopic advance blade 21 is located on the front of the cutter head telescopic section 2, and the telescopic cutter 22 is located on both sides of the cutter head telescopic section 2. The number of the telescopic advance blade 21 and the telescopic cutter 22 is set according to actual needs. Within the telescopic area 20 of the cutter head telescopic section 2, multiple blades are arranged on the tool trajectory to ensure that even after the cutter head telescopic section 2 extends to a certain position, it can still guarantee full cross-sectional coverage of the blades.

[0033] Preferably, the telescopic connecting device 14 is a hydraulic telescopic rod. This hydraulic telescopic rod can be driven by a hydraulic cylinder, thereby changing the position of the cutter head telescopic part 2 and thus changing the diameter of the cutting surface.

[0034] This utility model also provides a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil full-face tunnel boring machine, including the aforementioned variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead.

[0035] This utility model relates to a variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead and a full-face tunnel boring machine. By extending and retracting the telescopic device, the cutting radius of the cutterhead extension section 2 is changed, enabling tunneling of tunnels with different radii. This solves the technical problem in existing technologies where irreversible modification or remanufacturing of the cutterhead is required when changing its diameter. Within the telescopic area 20 of the cutterhead, multiple cutters are arranged along the cutter trajectory, ensuring that even after the cutterhead extension section 2 extends to a certain position, the cutter can still cover the entire cross-section, achieving rapid diameter change of the cutterhead. The main spoke arm 12 and the auxiliary spoke arm 13 are connected by at least two annular ribs 15 to transmit torque and thrust, ensuring structural strength. The auxiliary spoke arm 13 adopts an inverted triangular support structure design, ensuring structural strength while facilitating the flow of excavated soil. The main spoke arm 12 is connected to the flange 16 by the same number of angled support legs 17 in the middle section of the main spoke arm 12, better meeting the stress requirements of the cutterhead. The support legs 17 also mix the excavated soil in the soil chamber, reducing the probability of mud cake formation.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A variable-diameter cutterhead for soft soil, characterized in that, include: The cutter head fixing part (1) includes a central cylinder (11), a main spoke arm (12) and a telescopic connecting device (14). The main spoke arm (12) is fixed between the central cylinder (11) and the telescopic connecting device (14). A central blade (111) is provided on the central cylinder (11), and a first cutting blade assembly is provided on the main spoke arm (12). The cutter head telescopic part (2) is fixed on the telescopic connecting device (14) and located at one end opposite to the main spoke arm (12). The cutter head telescopic part (2) is provided with a second cutting blade assembly.

2. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head fixing part (1) also includes an auxiliary spoke arm (13), and an annular rib (15) is fixed between the main spoke arm (12) and the auxiliary spoke arm (13). The auxiliary spoke arm (13) is provided with a third cutter assembly that avoids the cutting trajectory of the first cutter assembly.

3. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary spoke arm (13) includes a panel (131) and two inclined side plates (132). The two inclined side plates (132) are located behind the panel (131). The first side of the two inclined side plates (132) is fixed to the two sides of the panel (131) respectively, and the second side of the two inclined side plates (132) intersects and is fixed.

4. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary spoke arm (13) also includes a central support plate (133), the first side of which is fixed to the middle of the panel (131), and the second side of which intersects and is fixed to the second side of the two inclined side plates (132).

5. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the main spokes (12) and the auxiliary spokes (13) are one-to-one, and there are at least two of each. The at least two main spokes (12) and the auxiliary spokes (13) are arranged alternately in a radial pattern.

6. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head fixing part (1) also includes a flange (16) located behind the main spoke arm (12), and a support leg (17) is fixed between the flange (16) and the main spoke arm (12).

7. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cutting blade assembly includes a first fixed part advance blade (18) and a first fixed part cutter (19). The first fixed part advance blade (18) is located on the front of the main spoke arm (12), and the first fixed part cutter (19) is located on both sides of the main spoke arm (12).

8. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second cutting blade assembly includes a telescopic advance blade (21) and a telescopic cutter (22). The telescopic advance blade (21) is located on the front of the blade telescopic part (2), and the telescopic cutter (22) is located on both sides of the blade telescopic part (2).

9. The variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic connecting device (14) is a hydraulic telescopic rod.

10. A variable-diameter, small-diameter, full-face tunnel boring machine for soft soil, characterized in that, Includes the variable-diameter small-diameter soft soil cutterhead as described in claim 1.

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