Tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system, which comprises a plurality of field-level systems, station-level systems and railway bureau center-level systems, wherein the field-level systems are arranged in tunnels or tunnel groups and station fields, the station-level systems are arranged in station monitoring rooms, and the railway bureau center-level systems are arranged in railway bureau. The plurality of field-level systems are connected with the station-level system through a communication network to realize data interaction; and the station-level system is connected with the railway bureau center-level system through a communication network to realize data interaction. The system is divided into three levels, namely a field level, a station level and a railway bureau center level, and information sharing is realized among the levels, so that instruction transmission and evacuation rescue implementation are facilitated; the method can be used for tunnels (groups), and through respective fire monitoring information sharing, timely alarm and early warning of each tunnel and station of the tunnel or the tunnel group, the non-fire tunnels and stations can timely inhibit fire spreading, and the disaster prevention evacuation rescue efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of disaster prevention and relief, and in particular to a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to the dense buildings and high population density in cities, numerous urban traffic tunnels and underground integrated transportation hubs are being planned and constructed. Simultaneously, multi-chamber urban traffic tunnel clusters, with integrated transportation hubs as nodes, are emerging, promoting connections between central cities and improving the collaborative efficiency of radiating cities. Fire accidents, as one of the most dangerous types of disasters, occur frequently during tunnel operation. Due to the long and narrow structure and semi-enclosed space of tunnels, evacuation and rescue are difficult once a fire breaks out, easily causing casualties and property damage.

[0003] However, compared with traditional tunnel types, multi-chamber urban transportation tunnel groups with hub stations as nodes have the characteristics of multiple tunnel chambers, three-dimensional tunnel structure, large passenger flow, complex passenger composition, dense surrounding buildings and dense population. Therefore, urban tunnel groups will face the following problems after a fire: (1) The complex structure makes the smoke spread path and pattern complicated after a fire, and it is very easy for smoke to flow into non-fire chambers, which requires high requirements for the opening and linkage control of ventilation and smoke exhaust systems; (2) The large and complex passenger flow makes the evacuation and rescue of personnel after a fire difficult and the evacuation time longer, which requires high requirements for the opening time of evacuation facilities such as evacuation lighting and emergency broadcasting; (3) After a fire, the tunnels and stations in the tunnel group need to take corresponding evacuation and rescue measures at the same time to achieve linkage control of various evacuation and rescue facilities and equipment; (4) The complex urban environment makes it difficult for external rescue forces to reach after a fire. Therefore, urban tunnel (group) fires are characterized by greater hazard and greater difficulty in evacuation and rescue, necessitating real-time fire monitoring and early warning systems for each chamber, timely alarms upon fire detection, and timely warnings for vulnerable tunnels and stations, as well as coordinated control of disaster prevention, evacuation, and rescue electromechanical systems. However, current technologies cannot solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system, which solves the deficiencies of the existing technology.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system, comprising multiple field-level systems deployed in various tunnels and stations within the tunnel or tunnel group, a station-level system deployed in the station monitoring room, and a railway bureau central-level system deployed in various railway bureaus; the multiple field-level systems are connected to the station-level system through a communication network to achieve data interaction; the station-level system is connected to the railway bureau central-level system through a communication network to achieve data interaction.

[0006] The field-level system includes a fire monitoring system, a fire alarm system, a data processing system, a disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system, and disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical facilities. The output of the fire monitoring system is connected to the input of the data processing system, the output of the data processing system is connected to the input of the fire alarm system and the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system, the output of the fire alarm system is connected to the communication network, and the output of the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system is connected to the disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical facilities.

[0007] The fire alarm system includes tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning devices deployed in each tunnel and station site within the tunnel or tunnel group; the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device includes a fire detection unit, a fire information storage and transmission unit, a fire early warning alarm unit, and a communication linkage unit;

[0008] The fire detection unit is electrically connected to the fire information storage and transmission unit, which is also electrically connected to the fire early warning alarm unit and the communication linkage unit. The communication linkage unit communicates with adjacent non-fire tunnels and tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning devices deployed on-site at the station via a wireless communication module, and with the station-level system and the railway bureau's central system via a communication network for data exchange. The communication linkage unit is connected to disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical equipment via the disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical linkage unit.

[0009] The station-level system includes a station monitoring room workstation connected to a communication network, an application server, a database server, and a disaster prevention simulation training workstation.

[0010] The railway bureau's central-level system includes engineer workstations, communication testing workstations, official monitoring workstations, dispatching and monitoring workstations, mobile workstations, and servers connected to the communication network.

[0011] The fire detection unit includes a heat-sensing optical cable, an image-type fire detection camera, a CO concentration sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a smoke detector, and an air sampling tube; the heat-sensing optical cable, the image-type fire detection camera, the CO concentration sensor, the smoke concentration sensor, the smoke detector, and the air sampling tube are all electrically connected to the fire information storage and transmission unit.

[0012] The fire information storage and transmission unit includes a fire memory, a communication network, an encoder, and a processor; the processor is electrically connected to the fire memory, the communication network, and the encoder; the communication network is connected to the fire monitoring and early warning devices for adjacent non-fire tunnels and tunnels (groups) deployed on-site at the station, as well as the station-level system and the railway bureau's central system, for data exchange.

[0013] The fire early warning alarm unit includes a wireless communication network and a broadcast alarm; the wireless communication network and the broadcast alarm are electrically connected to the processor.

[0014] The temperature-sensing optical cable, air sampling tube, and wireless communication network are located at the upper end of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. The CO concentration sensor, smoke concentration sensor, and smoke detector are located on the front of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. The broadcast alarm and status display screen are located above the CO concentration sensor, smoke concentration sensor, and smoke detector. The image-type fire detection camera is located in the middle of the front of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. Power supply and communication network are respectively located on both sides of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device.

[0015] This utility model has the following advantages: A tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system is divided into three levels: on-site level, station level, and railway bureau center level. Information sharing is achieved between each level, facilitating the transmission of instructions and the implementation of evacuation and rescue. It can be used in tunnels (groups) to share fire monitoring information among individual tunnels and stations within a tunnel or tunnel group, enabling timely alarms and early warnings, facilitating timely suppression of fire spread in non-fire tunnels and stations, and improving the efficiency of disaster prevention, evacuation, and rescue. It achieves linkage control; when a fire occurs in a tunnel or station, the system provides a disaster prevention, evacuation, and rescue plan according to the dynamic fire situation and activates the corresponding disaster prevention, evacuation, and rescue electromechanical facilities. It can realize the linkage of multiple functions such as detection, transmission, alarm, and rescue for tunnel (group) fires. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the principle of a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a fire monitoring and early warning device for tunnels (groups);

[0019] Figure 4 Example diagram of a fire;

[0020] In the diagram: 1-Temperature-sensing optical cable, 2-Air sampling tube, 3-CO concentration sensor, 4-Smoke concentration sensor, 5-Smoke detector, 6-Image-type fire detection camera, 7-Broadcast alarm, 8-Status display screen, 9-Wireless communication network, 10-Power supply, 11-Communication network. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] This utility model specifically relates to a tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning system, mainly applicable to fire monitoring and alarm in tunnels (groups) with transportation hubs as nodes, enabling unified management of tunnel chambers and stations within a tunnel group. The system is centered on equipment monitoring and is interconnected and integrated with disaster alarm, emergency broadcast, and comprehensive video systems for information sharing and unified management, meeting the comprehensive needs of tunnel (group) disaster prevention and rescue monitoring, alarm, control, management, and command.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this system is divided into three levels: site level, station level, and railway bureau center level. Each railway bureau has a railway bureau center level system, each station has a station level system in its monitoring room, and each tunnel and station site has a site level system. Information and data are exchanged between these structural levels through the railway communication network.

[0024] Furthermore, the on-site system includes tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning devices installed at the top of each tunnel and at the station site. These devices mainly consist of a fire monitoring system, a data processing system, a fire alarm system, a disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system, and disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical facilities. The fire monitoring system (temperature monitoring, extinction coefficient monitoring) detects in real time the location of a fire within the tunnel, the fire temperature, the distribution and spread of fire smoke, etc. The data processing system processes the on-site data and transmits it to the fire alarm system and the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system. The fire alarm system, on the one hand, activates the tunnel's smoke extraction system, fire protection system, emergency broadcasting, emergency lighting, evacuation guidance, and other electromechanical equipment; on the other hand, it transmits on-site fire information to adjacent tunnel on-site, station on-site, and station-level systems, facilitating preventative measures in other tunnels and stations, enabling stations to prepare for evacuation, and transmitting disaster information to the railway bureau's central system through the station-level system. Upon receiving fire information, the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system activates relevant electromechanical equipment according to the pre-planned procedures.

[0025] Furthermore, the station-level system is located in the station monitoring room, which includes station monitoring workstations, emergency telephones, radios, etc., and is mainly used to process and store fire information and transmit alarm information to the railway bureau's central system.

[0026] Furthermore, the railway bureau's central system is located in each railway bureau, and includes communication and testing workstations, official monitoring workstations, engineer workstations, mobile workstations, and servers. This enables remote monitoring, viewing the operational status of the entire railway system, and receiving alarm information, facilitating the immediate acquisition of fire information and the activation of emergency plans.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device mainly consists of four parts: a fire detection unit, a fire early warning and alarm unit, a fire information storage and transmission unit, and a disaster prevention, evacuation, and rescue electromechanical linkage unit. The fire detection unit includes a heat-sensing optical cable 1, an image-type fire detection camera 6, a CO concentration sensor 3, a smoke concentration sensor 4, a smoke detector 5, and an air sampling tube 2, all electrically connected to the fire information storage and transmission unit. The fire information storage and transmission unit includes a fire memory, a communication network 11, an encoder, and a processor; the processor is electrically connected to the fire memory, communication network 11, and encoder; the communication network 11 connects to the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning devices deployed in adjacent non-fire tunnels and stations, as well as the station-level system and the railway bureau's central system, for data exchange. The fire early warning and alarm unit includes a wireless communication network 9 and a broadcast alarm 7; the wireless communication network and the broadcast alarm are electrically connected to the processor.

[0028] The fire detection unit integrates multiple fire detection methods, including image flame detection, temperature detection, and smoke detection, to detect the fire location, fire temperature distribution, smoke distribution, smoke concentration, CO concentration, and extinction coefficient distribution. It then transmits the fire information to the fire information storage and transmission unit. This unit stores the information and transmits it via wireless and communication networks to fire monitoring and early warning devices in other non-fire tunnels and stations, as well as to station-level and railway bureau-level workstations. Fire monitoring and early warning devices at the fire scene level in tunnels or stations issue alarms, while fire monitoring and early warning devices at non-fire scene level in tunnels or stations issue warnings and strengthen monitoring. The fire prevention and evacuation rescue electromechanical equipment linkage unit at the fire scene level in tunnels or stations activates the electromechanical equipment according to a preset plan.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, the temperature-sensing optical cable 1, the air sampling tube 2, and the wireless communication network 9 are located at the upper end of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. The CO concentration sensor 3, the smoke concentration sensor 4, and the smoke detector 5 are located on the front of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. The broadcast alarm 7 and the status display screen 8 are located above the CO concentration sensor 3, the smoke concentration sensor 4, and the smoke detector 5. The image-type fire detection camera 6 is located in the middle of the front of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device. The power supply 10 and the communication network 11 are respectively located on both sides of the housing of the tunnel (group) fire monitoring and early warning device.

[0030] like Figure 4 As shown, when a fire occurs in Tunnel #1, the location of the fire, the temperature of the fire, the distribution and spread of fire smoke are detected in real time using heat-sensing optical cables, fiber optic linear temperature measurement, and image-type fire detectors. This information is transmitted to the fire alarm system and the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system. The fire alarm system then sends fire alarm information to adjacent tunnels and stations. Upon receiving the fire alarm, the tunnel's disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system executes the corresponding disaster prevention and evacuation rescue plan based on the fire situation, activating the corresponding smoke extraction system, fire protection system, emergency broadcast, emergency lighting, evacuation signs, and other disaster prevention and evacuation rescue equipment. Upon receiving the alarm, adjacent tunnels also activate their fire prevention and rescue systems. The police will monitor the disaster situation in the tunnel in real time. Once the fire is detected to be spreading, the emergency plan will be activated immediately and the corresponding disaster prevention, evacuation and rescue equipment will be turned on. After receiving the alarm, the station's on-site system will activate the early warning system and monitor the disaster situation in the station in real time. Once the fire is detected to be spreading, the emergency plan will be activated immediately and the corresponding disaster prevention, evacuation and rescue equipment will be turned on. The station-level system will also activate the emergency plan, prepare for the evacuation of the public, and transmit the disaster information to the railway bureau's central system. Upon receiving the alarm information from the station-level system, the railway bureau's central system will immediately activate the emergency plan and carry out evacuation and rescue work at the fire scene.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and improvements, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be protected within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that: It includes multiple field-level systems deployed in various tunnels or tunnel groups and at station sites, station-level systems deployed in station monitoring rooms, and railway bureau central-level systems deployed in various railway bureaus; the multiple field-level systems are connected to the station-level systems through communication networks to achieve data interaction; the station-level systems are connected to the railway bureau central-level systems through communication networks to achieve data interaction.

2. The tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The field-level system includes a fire monitoring system, a fire alarm system, a data processing system, a disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system, and disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical facilities. The output of the fire monitoring system is connected to the input of the data processing system, the output of the data processing system is connected to the input of the fire alarm system and the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system, the output of the fire alarm system is connected to the communication network, and the output of the disaster prevention and rescue monitoring system is connected to the disaster prevention and evacuation electromechanical facilities.

3. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fire alarm system includes tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning devices deployed in various tunnels and stations within the tunnel or tunnel group; the tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning devices include a fire detection unit, a fire information storage and transmission unit, a fire early warning alarm unit, and a communication linkage unit; The fire detection unit is electrically connected to the fire information storage and transmission unit, and the fire information storage and transmission unit is electrically connected to the fire early warning alarm unit and the communication linkage unit. The communication linkage unit communicates with the fire monitoring and early warning devices of the tunnel group deployed on-site in adjacent non-fire tunnels and stations through a wireless communication module, and with the station-level system and the railway bureau central system through a communication network to exchange data. The communication linkage unit is connected to the disaster prevention and evacuation rescue electromechanical equipment through the disaster prevention and evacuation rescue electromechanical linkage unit.

4. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The station-level system includes a station monitoring room workstation connected to a communication network, an application server, a database server, and a disaster prevention simulation training workstation.

5. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The railway bureau's central-level system includes engineer workstations, communication testing workstations, official monitoring workstations, dispatching and monitoring workstations, mobile workstations, and servers connected to the communication network.

6. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fire detection unit includes a heat-sensing optical cable, an image-type fire detection camera, a CO concentration sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a smoke detector, and an air sampling tube; the heat-sensing optical cable, the image-type fire detection camera, the CO concentration sensor, the smoke concentration sensor, the smoke detector, and the air sampling tube are all electrically connected to the fire information storage and transmission unit.

7. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fire information storage and transmission unit includes a fire memory, a communication network, an encoder, and a processor; the processor is electrically connected to the fire memory, the communication network, and the encoder; the communication network is connected to the fire monitoring and early warning devices of the tunnel group deployed in adjacent non-fire tunnels and stations, as well as the station-level system and the railway bureau's central system, for data exchange.

8. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fire early warning alarm unit includes a wireless communication network and a broadcast alarm; the wireless communication network and the broadcast alarm are electrically connected to the processor.

9. A tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The temperature-sensing optical cable, air sampling tube, and wireless communication network are located at the upper end of the housing of the tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning device. The CO concentration sensor, smoke concentration sensor, and smoke detector are located on the front of the housing of the tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning device. The broadcast alarm and status display screen are located above the CO concentration sensor, smoke concentration sensor, and smoke detector. The image-type fire detection camera is located in the middle of the front of the housing of the tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning device. Power supply and communication network are respectively located on both sides of the housing of the tunnel group fire monitoring and early warning device.

Images