Side slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection

Abstract

The utility model provides a side slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection, which relates to the technical field of side slope landslide early warning and comprises a data acquisition module, a control module, an alarm module and a power supply module. The data acquisition module is composed of a first GNSS receiver installed on a mountain peak and a plurality of second GNSS receivers installed along the inclined part of the detection target, and the first GNSS receiver and the second GNSS receivers are both connected with the control module. In addition, each second GNSS receiver is further fixedly connected with a rainfall sensor, and signals of the rainfall sensors are also transmitted into the control module. And the control module is connected with the alarm module to realize an alarm function. The whole system is powered by the power supply module. According to the invention, during early warning of the slope landslide, not only is the position signal measured by the GNSS receiver considered, but also the influence of rainfall is considered, and the accuracy and reliability of the landslide warning signal are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of slope landslide early warning, and in particular to a slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection. Background Technology

[0002] Slope landslides, as a common natural disaster, pose a serious threat to people's lives and property. Especially in areas with complex geological conditions and frequent rainfall, the frequency and severity of slope landslides are often higher. Therefore, how to effectively monitor and warn of slope landslides and take timely disaster prevention measures has become an important issue in the fields of geological engineering and disaster prevention. Traditional slope landslide monitoring methods mainly include manual inspection, ground-penetrating radar detection, and leveling. While these methods can reflect the stability of slopes to some extent, they have limitations such as long monitoring cycles, low accuracy, and significant susceptibility to human factors. Especially under severe weather conditions, the implementation difficulty and accuracy of traditional monitoring methods are greatly affected.

[0003] In recent years, the rapid development and widespread adoption of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology have brought revolutionary changes to many fields, especially in the crucial area of ​​slope and landslide monitoring, where its application prospects are increasingly broad. By continuously and in real-time monitoring the three-dimensional coordinate changes of various points on a slope, GNSS technology can promptly detect minute deformations and displacements, providing crucial data support for landslide early warning. However, using GNSS technology alone for slope and landslide monitoring still has certain limitations. Especially during rainfall, the soil moisture content and osmotic pressure of the slope can be affected, thus impacting slope stability and reducing the accuracy of early warning systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To improve the accuracy of slope landslide early warning, this application provides a slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection.

[0005] This application provides a slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection includes: a data acquisition module, a control module, an alarm module and a power supply module;

[0007] The data acquisition module includes: multiple GNSS receiving units, one of which is a first GNSS receiver, and the remaining GNSS receiving units are second GNSS receivers. The first GNSS receiver is used to be installed at the peak of the target, and the second GNSS receiver is used to be installed sequentially at the inclined part of the target. The output terminals of the first GNSS receiver and the second GNSS receiver are both connected to the first input terminal of the control module.

[0008] The data acquisition module further includes a rainfall sensor, the output of which is connected to the second input of the control module.

[0009] The data acquisition module also includes a soil moisture sensor, the output of which is connected to the third input of the control module.

[0010] The first output terminal of the control module is connected to the input terminal of the alarm module;

[0011] The output of the power supply module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, control module, and alarm module, respectively.

[0012] This application utilizes the collaborative operation of a first GNSS receiver and multiple second GNSS receivers to transmit their respective measured position data to a control module. Rainfall sensors send rainfall data of the tilted portion of the detected target to the control module, and soil moisture sensors send soil moisture data to the control module. This enables the control module to comprehensively analyze the position data, rainfall, and soil moisture data, and send control commands to an alarm module based on the analysis results. The alarm module then issues an alarm signal according to the control commands from the control module, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of slope landslide alarms.

[0013] Optionally, the system further includes: a PID controller,

[0014] The first input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the first GNSS receiver, the output terminal of the PID controller is connected to the first input terminal of the control module, and the second input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the soil moisture sensor.

[0015] The PID controller of this application receives position data output from the first GNSS receiver and soil moisture data output from the soil moisture sensor. This allows the PID controller to calculate the offset of the position data based on the position data and soil moisture data. The PID controller then sends the calculated offset to the control module for further data analysis and processing to reduce the periodic impact of natural factors such as soil freeze-thaw on the position data measured by the first GNSS receiver, thereby reducing the periodic deviation of the position data and further improving the accuracy of the early warning.

[0016] Optionally, the data acquisition module further includes a temperature and humidity sensor, the output of which is connected to the third input of the PID controller.

[0017] Temperature and humidity data are factors that affect the position data measured by the first GNSS receiver. Therefore, the temperature and humidity sensor of this application sends temperature and humidity data to the PID controller, so that the PID controller can take into account the influence of temperature and humidity data on the offset when calculating the offset, thereby further improving the accuracy of the early warning.

[0018] Optionally, the system further includes: a data storage module.

[0019] The output terminal of the data storage module is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control module, and the second output terminal of the control module is connected to the input terminal of the data storage module.

[0020] The control module of this application can receive historical data stored in the data storage module using its fourth input terminal. The control module performs similarity analysis between the location data received from the first GNSS receiver and the second GNSS receiver and the historical data, thereby realizing landslide early warning through the historical data. The control module also uses its second output terminal to send the location data received from the first GNSS receiver and the second GNSS receiver to the data storage module, which stores the location data received from the first GNSS receiver and the second GNSS receiver.

[0021] Optionally, the system further includes: multiple vertically arranged supports, each support corresponding to a GNSS receiving unit, with the GNSS receiving unit located at the top of the support.

[0022] This application provides a support bracket to support the first or second GNSS receiver, thereby maintaining a certain distance between the first or second GNSS receiver and the ground. This not only reduces measurement errors caused by uneven ground, vegetation cover, or human interference, but also allows the first or second GNSS receiver to receive signals from the satellite more directly, reducing interference such as refraction and reflection during signal propagation, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the location data.

[0023] Optionally, the power supply module includes a solar panel and a solar controller. The output terminal of the solar panel is connected to the input terminal of the solar controller, and the output terminal of the solar controller is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module, and the alarm module, respectively.

[0024] This application uses solar panels to power other modules of the application according to the control instructions of the solar controller, thereby reducing the system's dependence on external power sources.

[0025] Optionally, the power supply module further includes: a backup battery pack and a battery management module, wherein the output terminal of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module, and the alarm module respectively, the first output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the input terminal of the backup battery pack, and the input terminal of the battery management module is connected to the third output terminal of the control module.

[0026] The input terminal of the battery management module of this application is connected to the third output terminal of the control module. When the solar panel and external power supply fail, the control module can promptly send control commands to the battery management module. The battery management module can then activate or deactivate the backup battery pack according to the control commands, enabling the backup battery pack to power the various modules of the system. This helps the system to operate continuously, reduces system downtime caused by power outages, and improves the system's response speed and stability.

[0027] Optionally, the input terminal of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the output terminal of the solar controller, and the second output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the input terminal of the solar controller.

[0028] When there is sufficient sunlight, the electrical energy generated by the solar panels will exceed the electrical energy required by the system. At this time, the battery management module uses its output terminal to control the solar controller to transfer the excess electrical energy to the backup battery pack. That is, the solar panels can charge the backup battery pack, reducing the dependence on external power sources, improving the system's independence and reliability, and enabling the backup battery pack to not only obtain power from the main power source, but also be charged through the solar panels, providing multiple energy guarantees for the system and increasing the system's reliability.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. This application utilizes the collaborative operation of a first GNSS receiver and multiple second GNSS receivers to transmit their respective measured position data to a control module. Rainfall sensors send rainfall data of the tilted portion of the detected target to the control module, and soil moisture sensors send soil moisture data to the control module. This enables the control module to comprehensively analyze the position data, rainfall, and soil moisture data, and send control commands to the alarm module based on the analysis results. The alarm module then issues an alarm signal according to the control commands from the control module, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of slope landslide alarms.

[0031] 2. The PID controller of this application receives the position data output by the first GNSS receiver and the soil moisture data output by the soil moisture sensor, enabling the PID controller to calculate the offset of the position data based on the position data and the soil moisture data. Then, the PID controller sends the calculated offset to the control module for further data analysis and processing, thereby further improving the accuracy of the early warning. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the location settings of each part of this system;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is the circuit schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 1. First GNSS receiver; 2. Second GNSS receiver; 3. Control module; 4. Rainfall sensor; 5. Soil moisture sensor; 6. Power supply module; 7. Bracket; R1, First resistor; R2, Second resistor; R3, Third resistor; R4, Fourth resistor; R5, Fifth resistor; LED1, First LED light; LED2, Second LED light; LED3, Third LED light; LED4, Fourth LED light. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following combination Figures 1 to 5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0040] Example 1: Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2This embodiment discloses a slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection, including: a data acquisition module, a control module 3, an alarm module, and a power supply module 6. First, the data acquisition module collects the location data of the detection target, the rainfall in the area where the detection target is located, and the soil moisture content. Then, the data acquisition module inputs the location data, rainfall, and soil moisture content into the control module 3. The control module 3 compares the location data, rainfall, and soil moisture content with internally set thresholds. If any of the location data, rainfall, or soil moisture content exceeds the preset threshold, a control command is issued to control the alarm module to issue an alarm signal. The power supply module 6 is used to supply power to the various modules of this system. This embodiment incorporates rainfall into the slope landslide monitoring system, improving the accuracy and reliability of the landslide alarm signal.

[0041] The data acquisition module includes: multiple GNSS receiving units, one of which is a first GNSS receiver 1, the remaining GNSS receiving units are second GNSS receivers 2, and a rain sensor 4 corresponding to each of the second GNSS receivers 2. The rain sensor 4 can be fixedly connected to the second GNSS receiver 2, or it can be fixed to the same bracket 7 as the second GNSS receiver 2.

[0042] The first GNSS receiver 1 is installed at the peak of the target as a reference station, and the second GNSS receiver 2 is installed sequentially at certain intervals on the inclined parts of the target as monitoring stations.

[0043] The output terminals of the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 are both connected to the first input terminal of the control module 3. The reference station and the monitoring station simultaneously acquire GNSS satellite signals and record the timestamps of the acquired GNSS satellite signals. The first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 calculate the position data of the detected target through triangulation. Then, the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 respectively send their calculated position data of the detected target to the first input terminal of the control module 3.

[0044] The control module 3 is responsible for receiving two location data and calculating the difference between them. If the difference between the two location data exceeds a preset difference threshold, the control module 3 sends a command to the alarm module using its first output terminal. The alarm module then issues a location alarm message according to the control command.

[0045] The rain sensor 4 is used to collect real-time rainfall data in the area where the target is located, and sends the collected real-time rainfall data to the second input terminal of the control module 3. The control module 3 compares the received real-time rainfall data with its stored real-time rainfall threshold. If the real-time rainfall data is greater than the real-time rainfall threshold, the control module 3 sends a command to the alarm module using its first output terminal. The alarm module then issues a real-time rainfall alarm message according to the control command.

[0046] The control module 3 also accumulates the real-time rainfall to obtain the cumulative rainfall. After a preset time interval, it compares the latest calculated cumulative rainfall with the cumulative rainfall threshold stored internally. When the cumulative rainfall exceeds the cumulative rainfall threshold preset internally by the control module 3, the control module 3 sends a command to the alarm module using its first output terminal. The alarm module issues a cumulative rainfall alarm message according to the control command.

[0047] The data acquisition module further includes a soil moisture sensor 5, whose soil moisture output terminal is connected to the third input terminal of the control module 3, for transmitting real-time soil moisture data to the control module 3. After receiving the real-time soil moisture data sent from the soil moisture sensor 5, the third input terminal of the control module 3 compares it with an internally preset soil moisture threshold. If the real-time soil moisture data exceeds the preset soil moisture threshold, the control module 3 sends a command to the alarm module using its first output terminal. The alarm module issues a soil moisture alarm message according to the control command.

[0048] The output of power supply module 6 is electrically connected to data acquisition module, control module 3 and alarm module respectively, and is used to supply power to each module.

[0049] In this embodiment, the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 are of the same model, and can both use modules such as u-blox NEO-M9N series, Quectel L86-M8 series, ATGM336H series, etc. The rain sensor 4 can use RL IC chips, E527.05 chips, or RS01 chips, etc. The soil moisture sensor 5 can use either the MSS (Mysentech SoilSensor) soil moisture and temperature module or the MST (Mysentech Soil Trio Sensor) soil moisture, conductivity, and temperature three-in-one sensor. The control module 3 can use STM32 series microcontrollers or 51 series microcontrollers, etc. The alarm module includes multiple resistors, triggers, and multiple LEDs, each LED corresponding to an alarm signal.

[0050] Taking an STM32 microcontroller (model STM32F103C8T6), two GNSS receivers (model ATGM336H-5NGNSS modules), a rain sensor 4 (model E527.05 chip), and a soil moisture sensor 5 (model MSS (Mysentech SoilSensor) soil moisture and temperature module) as an example, the circuit connection method in this embodiment is as follows: Connect the TX pins of the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 to the RX pins of the STM32 microcontroller. Connect the RX pins of the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 to the TX pins of the STM32 microcontroller; connect the GND pins of the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 to the GND pin of the STM32 microcontroller and then ground them; connect the VCC pins of the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 to the positive terminal or VCC pin of the power supply module 6. The OUT pin of the rain sensor 4 is connected to one of the GPIOC pins of the STM32 microcontroller (pins 14-15 on the circuit board) through the first resistor R1; the GND pin of the rain sensor 4 is grounded; the VCC pin of the rain sensor 4 is connected to the positive or VCC pin of the power supply module 6. The VDD pin of the MSS (Mysentech SoilSensor) soil moisture and temperature module is connected to the positive / VCC pin of the power supply module 6; the GND pin of the MSS soil moisture and temperature module is grounded. The DO pin of the MSS soil moisture and temperature module is connected to the GPIOB pin of the STM32 microcontroller (corresponding to pins 9 and 10 on the circuit board); the AO pin of the MSS soil moisture and temperature module is connected to the PA0 pin of the STM32 microcontroller.

[0051] The STM32 microcontroller's GPIOA pins (corresponding to pins 1-4 on the circuit board) are connected to their respective LEDs via different resistors. Specifically: Pin 1 of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the first LED (LED1) via the second resistor R2, used to indicate a location alarm; Pin 2 of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the second LED (LED2) via the third resistor R3, used to indicate a real-time rainfall alarm; Pin 3 of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the third LED (LED3) via the fourth resistor R4, used to indicate a cumulative rainfall alarm; and Pin 4 of the STM32 microcontroller is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth LED (LED4) via the fifth resistor R5, used to indicate a location warning.

[0052] The negative terminals of the first LED (LED1), the second LED (LED2), the third LED (LED3), and the fourth LED (LED4) are all grounded.

[0053] This embodiment improves the accuracy and reliability of the slope landslide early warning system by integrating GNSS technology and rainfall detection, providing strong technical support for the prevention and response to slope landslides.

[0054] Example 2: In other examples, refer to Figure 3 The system also includes a PID controller.

[0055] The first input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the first GNSS receiver 1 to receive the position data of the detected target measured from the reference station. The PID controller calculates the offset of the position data of the reference station according to the internal preset algorithm, and sends the offset to the first input terminal of the control module 3 through its own output terminal.

[0056] After receiving real-time position data from the first GNSS receiver 1 and the second GNSS receiver 2 via its first input terminal, control module 3 also receives the offset output from the PID controller via its own first input terminal. Subsequently, control module 3 adds the offset to the real-time position data transmitted by the first GNSS receiver 1, thereby adjusting the real-time position data transmitted by the first GNSS receiver 1 using the PID controller. This reduces the impact of position changes caused by seasonality, human interference, or animal disturbances on the first GNSS receiver 1, and improves the accuracy of the real-time position data received by control module 3.

[0057] The second input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the soil moisture sensor 5, and is used to receive real-time soil moisture data sent by the soil moisture sensor 5. When the PID controller calculates the offset of the position data of the reference station according to the internal preset algorithm, it will also consider the influence of the real-time soil moisture data on the noise of the position data of the reference station, which further improves the calculation accuracy of the control module 3 and thus improves the accuracy of the early warning.

[0058] The data acquisition module also includes a temperature and humidity sensor. The output of the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the third input of the PID controller. The temperature and humidity sensor can monitor the temperature and humidity changes in the slope area in real time and transmit these temperature and humidity data to the PID controller. When calculating the offset using a preset algorithm, the PID controller takes into account the influence of temperature and humidity data on the position data, making its calculated offset more accurate.

[0059] The PID controller can be any one of the following: AI 206D21, ELOTECH series, XMTG-3001, FY800-10100, MT-72-V, JH960-10100B. The temperature and humidity sensor can be any one of the following: HK3035 12C digital temperature and humidity sensor, GXHT30 temperature and humidity sensor, GXHT30A temperature and humidity sensor, or GXHTC3 temperature and humidity sensor.

[0060] Taking an AI 206D21 chip as the PID controller and an HK3035 12C digital temperature and humidity sensor as an example, the connection method in this embodiment is as follows: One analog input port of the PID controller is connected to the TX pin of the first GNSS receiver 1; the output port of the PID controller is connected to the RX pin of the control module 3; the other analog input port of the PID controller is connected to the DO pin of the MSS soil moisture and temperature module. The remaining analog input port of the PID controller is connected to the SDA pin of the temperature and humidity sensor; the GND pin of the temperature and humidity sensor is grounded; the VDD pin of the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the positive / VCC pin of the power supply module 6.

[0061] The temperature and humidity sensor and the soil moisture sensor 5 can monitor the ambient temperature and humidity, as well as the soil moisture content, respectively, providing comprehensive environmental monitoring data for the offset calculated by the PID controller. The PID controller receives input signals from the temperature and humidity sensor and the soil moisture sensor 5, realizing multivariate input control. This multivariate input can more comprehensively consider the influence of environmental factors on the position data measured by the first GNSS receiver 1, thereby improving the accuracy of the PID controller's output data. The introduction of the PID controller and the addition of the temperature and humidity sensor and the soil moisture sensor 5 give the system stronger intelligence and adaptability, improving the system's early warning accuracy.

[0062] Example 3: In other embodiments, the system further includes a data storage module and a plurality of vertically arranged supports 7.

[0063] The output terminal of the data storage module is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control module 3, and the second output terminal of the control module 3 is connected to the input terminal of the data storage module.

[0064] After receiving two real-time location data using its first input terminal, the control module 3 uses its fourth input terminal to retrieve historical location data collected at the same timestamp in previous years from the data storage module. Then, it uses an internal algorithm to calculate the similarity between the two real-time location data and two historical location data at the same timestamp in the same year (using the built-in Euclidean distance calculation formula). When the similarity is greater than a preset similarity threshold, the control module 3 will use the received historical location data as the new real-time location data and calculate the difference between the two new real-time location data. If the difference between the two new real-time location data exceeds a preset difference threshold, the control module 3 uses its first output terminal to send a command to the alarm module. The alarm module issues a location warning message according to the control command.

[0065] The bracket 7 corresponds one-to-one with the GNSS receiving unit. The end of the bracket 7 away from the ground is fixedly connected to the GNSS receiving unit (e.g., by welding, bolting, etc.). That is, the GNSS receiving unit is set at the top of the bracket 7. According to the torque principle, the depth of the bracket 7 buried in the ground is not less than the square root of twice the height of the bracket 7.

[0066] The data storage module can be any one of random access memory (DRAM), SRAM, DDR or LPDDR, ROM, or Flash.

[0067] Reference Figure 4 Taking DRAM as an example, the connection method in this embodiment is as follows: the DRAM bus A0 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB15 pin; the DRAM bus A1 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB14 pin; the DRAM bus A2 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB13 pin; the DRAM bus A3 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB12 pin; the DRAM bus A4 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB11 pin; the DRAM bus A5 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB10 pin; the DRAM bus A6 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB9 pin; the DRAM bus A7 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's PB8 pin; the DRAM bus D0 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's Pin15 pin; and the DRAM bus D1 pin is connected to the STM32 microcontroller's Pin14 pin.

[0068] This embodiment adds a data processing module, an early warning module, and a support 7 that is vertically installed on the horizontal ground to the original system. These new components together improve the accuracy, timeliness, and stability of the early warning system, thereby effectively preventing slope landslides.

[0069] Example 4: In other embodiments, the power supply module 6 includes a solar panel and a solar controller. The output end of the solar panel is connected to the input end of the solar controller. The output end of the solar controller is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module 3, and the alarm module, respectively, to provide power to each module.

[0070] The system also includes a backup battery pack and a battery management module, with the backup battery pack connected to the power grid.

[0071] The output of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, control module 3, and alarm module to form a complete power supply network. Under normal circumstances, this system relies on solar panels for power. Once the solar panels fail or the power is insufficient, the battery management module will immediately activate the backup battery pack to provide stable power support for the system.

[0072] The first output of the battery management module is connected to the input of the backup battery pack, used to control the charging and discharging of the backup battery. The input of the battery management module is connected to the third output of the control module 3, used to receive instructions and feedback from the control module 3. When the solar panel malfunctions or its power is insufficient, the control module 3 sends a control command to the battery management module, causing the battery management module to control the backup battery pack to discharge according to the control command, so that the backup battery pack can provide power to the system.

[0073] The input terminal of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the output terminal of the solar panel, and the second output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the input terminal of the solar controller. When the power is sufficient, the battery management module controls the backup battery pack to adjust to the charging state, and at the same time controls the solar controller to control the solar panel to store the excess power in the backup battery pack.

[0074] The solar panel can be either a monocrystalline silicon solar panel or a polycrystalline silicon solar panel; the backup battery pack can be a lead-acid battery, a lithium-ion battery, or a fuel cell lamp; the battery management module can be either a battery charging and management IC or a pulse modulation or amplitude modulation (PWM / PFM) control IC; the solar controller can be a PWM controller, an MPPT controller, etc.

[0075] Reference Figure 5 Taking the TP4054 chip as an example, the connection method of the battery management module in this embodiment is as follows: the positive terminal of the solar panel is connected to the PV port of the solar controller; the battery port of the solar controller is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module 3, and the alarm module respectively; the battery port of the solar controller is also connected to the charging port of the backup battery pack.

[0076] The BAT pin of the battery management module is connected to the charging port of the backup battery pack; the PROG pin of the battery management module is connected to the GPIOD pin of the control module 3 and the PV port of the solar controller, respectively; the negative terminal of the solar panel is connected to the negative terminal of the backup battery pack and then grounded.

[0077] The discharge port of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, control module 3, and alarm module, respectively.

[0078] This embodiment integrates a backup battery pack and a battery management module. The backup battery pack provides power support for the data acquisition, communication, control, and alarm modules, and can continue to operate when the main power supply fails. The battery management module is responsible for monitoring the battery status, managing the charging and discharging process, and optimizing the battery life. It also works in conjunction with the solar panel to achieve intelligent switching and complementary advantages, significantly enhancing the reliability and durability of the system.

[0079] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module, control module (3), alarm module and power supply module (6); The data acquisition module includes: multiple GNSS receiving units, one of which is a first GNSS receiver (1), and the remaining GNSS receiving units are second GNSS receivers (2). The first GNSS receiver (1) is used to be installed at the peak of the target, and the second GNSS receiver (2) is used to be installed sequentially at the inclined part of the target. The output terminals of the first GNSS receiver (1) and the second GNSS receiver (2) are both connected to the first input terminal of the control module (3). The data acquisition module further includes a rain sensor (4), the output of which is connected to the second input of the control module (3); The data acquisition module also includes: a soil moisture sensor (5), the output end of which is connected to the third input end of the control module (3); The first output terminal of the control module (3) is connected to the input terminal of the alarm module; The output of the power supply module (6) is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module (3), and the alarm module, respectively.

2. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: a PID controller, The first input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the first GNSS receiver (1), the output terminal of the PID controller is connected to the first input terminal of the control module (3), and the second input terminal of the PID controller is connected to the output terminal of the soil moisture sensor (5).

3. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data acquisition module also includes a temperature and humidity sensor, the output of which is connected to the third input of the PID controller.

4. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The system also includes: a data storage module, The output terminal of the data storage module is connected to the fourth input terminal of the control module (3), and the second output terminal of the control module (3) is connected to the input terminal of the data storage module.

5. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The system also includes: multiple vertically arranged brackets (7), each bracket (7) corresponding to a GNSS receiving unit, and the GNSS receiving unit being located at the top of the bracket (7).

6. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power supply module (6) includes a solar panel and a solar controller. The output end of the solar panel is connected to the input end of the solar controller. The output end of the solar controller is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module (3), and the alarm module, respectively.

7. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power supply module (6) further includes: a backup battery pack and a battery management module. The output of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, the control module (3), and the alarm module, respectively. The first output of the battery management module is connected to the input of the backup battery pack, and the input of the battery management module is connected to the third output of the control module (3).

8. The slope landslide early warning system based on GNSS and rainfall detection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The input terminal of the backup battery pack is electrically connected to the output terminal of the solar controller, and the second output terminal of the battery management module is connected to the input terminal of the solar controller.

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