Circularly polarized antenna structure, wireless communication module and millimeter wave isolation communication module

Abstract

The utility model provides a circularly polarized antenna structure, a wireless communication module and a millimeter wave isolation communication module. The antenna structure comprises a radiation layer, a grounding layer and a microstrip line feed layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. The radiation layer comprises a central circular patch and a parasitic unit; two linear grooves which do not pass through the circle center are formed in the central circular patch along the diameter of the central circular patch; the parasitic unit is an arc-shaped patch and is arranged on the periphery of the central circular patch, and the circle center of the arc-shaped patch coincides with the circle center of the central circular patch; the extension of the linear groove does not touch the arc-shaped patch; and a feed copper column of the microstrip line feed layer penetrates through each layer and then is connected to the vicinity of the circle center of the radiation layer. According to the utility model, the problem of polarization loss can be overcome, the bandwidth of circular polarization is increased, and the wireless communication transmission quality is significantly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of antenna, concretely relates to circularly polarized antenna structure, wireless communication module and millimeter wave isolation communication module. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing terminal product uses FPC flat cable to connect the circuit between the internal PCB and PCB of the product. The FPC connector needs physical contact and may be damaged or worn out. Moreover, the manufacturing and installation cost of the FPC connector is high.

[0003] In addition, the existing millimeter wave connector adopts linear polarization. When the polarization directions of the transmitting and receiving antennas are inconsistent, the receiving effect of the linear polarization signal will decrease significantly, which is called polarization loss. In addition, the effective bandwidth of the conventional circularly polarized antenna is narrow, and the communication rate and capacity are low.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the wear and tear caused by cable connection and the installation cost problem, how to solve the polarization loss caused by the change of the relative position of the transmitting end and receiving end antennas, and how to solve the problem of insufficient bandwidth of the general circularly polarized antenna, need to be solved urgently. SUMMARY

[0005] The utility model wants to solve the technical problem that provides circularly polarized antenna structure, wireless communication module and millimeter wave isolation communication module, can overcome polarization loss problem, increase the frequency width of circular polarization, and significantly improve the quality of wireless communication transmission.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problem, the first technical scheme of the utility model is adopted as follows:

[0007] A circularly polarized antenna structure comprises a radiation layer, a ground layer and a microstrip line feed layer stacked in order from top to bottom, and the adjacent layers are separated by a dielectric substrate.

[0008] The radiation layer comprises a central circular patch and a parasitic unit. Two straight slots not passing through the center of the central circular patch are formed along the diameter of the central circular patch. The parasitic unit is an arc-shaped patch arranged at the periphery of the central circular patch, and the center of the arc-shaped patch coincides with the center of the central circular patch. The extension of the straight slot does not reach the arc-shaped patch.

[0009] The feed copper column of the microstrip line feed layer penetrates through each layer and is connected to the center of the radiation layer.

[0010] Optionally, the number of parasitic units is two or more. The two or more parasitic units are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the central circular patch.

[0011] Optionally, the number of parasitic elements is four; the extension of the straight slot corresponds to the gap between two parasitic elements.

[0012] Optionally, the diameter of the central circular patch is in the range of 1-1.5mm; the width of the straight slot is in the range of 0.2-0.6mm, and the length is in the range of 0.8-1.3mm; the feeding copper column is connected to a position with a distance of 0.4-0.5mm from the center.

[0013] Optionally, the size of the straight slot is width*length=0.4mm*1mm.

[0014] Optionally, the inner diameter of the arc-shaped patch is in the range of 0.6-0.7mm, and the outer diameter is in the range of 0.9-1.1mm.

[0015] Optionally, the gap between adjacent parasitic elements is in the range of 0.07-0.2mm.

[0016] The second technical solution of the utility model is:

[0017] A wireless communication module, comprising the circularly polarized antenna structure, a packaging substrate and an RF IC; the circularly polarized antenna structure is arranged on the upper surface of the packaging substrate, the RF IC is arranged on the lower surface of the packaging substrate, and the feeding copper column on the circularly polarized antenna structure is connected with the RF IC.

[0018] Optionally, the central circular patch is a millimeter wave antenna patch.

[0019] The third technical solution of the utility model is:

[0020] A millimeter wave isolation communication module, comprising a first millimeter wave communication unit and a second millimeter wave communication unit; the first millimeter wave communication unit comprises the wireless communication module; the second millimeter wave communication unit comprises the wireless communication module;

[0021] The radiation layer in the first millimeter wave communication unit and the radiation layer of the second millimeter wave communication unit are correspondingly arranged at a certain distance.

[0022] The utility model discloses a beneficial effect lies in: the utility model discloses a circular polarized antenna structure, the central circle patch of its radiation layer is opened with two straight grooves that do not pass the center of circle along its diameter, can increase circular polarization, simultaneously, the periphery of central circle patch is equipped with parasitic unit, and the extension of straight groove does not touch the arc patch, can further increase the frequency width of circular polarization, therefore compared with traditional circular polarized antenna structure, with higher usable frequency width, can significantly improve communication quality, enhance signal coverage, reduce interference and apply more scene. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A hierarchical structure schematic view of the circular polarized antenna structure is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0024] Figure 2 A plane structure schematic view of the radiation layer in the circular polarized antenna structure is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0025] Figure 3 A cross section schematic view of the circular polarized antenna structure is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0026] Figure 4 A current distribution schematic view when the feed-in source phase of the central circle patch in the circular polarized antenna structure is 0 degree is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0027] Figure 5 A current distribution schematic view when the feed-in source phase of the central circle patch in the circular polarized antenna structure is 180 degrees is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0028] Figure 6 A current distribution schematic view when the feed-in source phase of the radiation layer in the circular polarized antenna structure is 0 degree is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0029] Figure 7 A current distribution schematic view when the feed-in source phase of the radiation layer in the circular polarized antenna structure is 180 degrees is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0030] Figure 8 The frequency width curve before and after the radiation layer in the circular polarized antenna structure increases parasitic unit is provided for the utility model embodiment;

[0031] Figure 9A schematic diagram of the structure of the wireless communication module provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the millimeter-wave isolated communication module provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0033] Label Explanation:

[0034] 1. Circularly polarized antenna structure; 2. Packaging substrate; 3. RF IC;

[0035] 10. Radiation layer; 20. Ground layer; 30. Microstrip line feed layer; 40. Dielectric substrate;

[0036] 11. Central circular patch; 12. Straight groove; 13. Parasitic unit;

[0037] 31. Power supply copper pillar;

[0038] A. First millimeter-wave communication unit; B. Second millimeter-wave communication unit. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To explain in detail the technical content, objectives, and effects of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0040] The most crucial concept of this invention is that: the central circular patch of the radiation layer has two straight grooves along its diameter that do not pass through the center of the circle; the parasitic unit is an arc-shaped patch located on the periphery of the central circular patch, with its center coinciding with the center of the central circular patch; the extension of the straight grooves does not touch the arc-shaped patch.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment provides a circularly polarized antenna structure, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a radiation layer 10, a ground layer 20 and a microstrip line feed layer 30 stacked from top to bottom, and adjacent layers are separated by a dielectric substrate 40.

[0043] Among them, such as Figure 2 As shown, the radiation layer 10 includes a central circular patch 11 and a parasitic unit 13; the central circular patch 11 has two straight grooves 12 that do not pass through the center of the circle along its diameter; the parasitic unit 13 is an arc-shaped patch, which is located on the periphery of the central circular patch 11 and is spaced at a predetermined distance from the central circular patch 11. At the same time, the center of the arc-shaped patch coincides with the center of the central circular patch 11; in addition, the extension of the straight grooves 12 does not touch the arc-shaped patch.

[0044] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the microstrip feed layer 30 includes a feed copper column 31, which penetrates through each layer and is connected to the vicinity of the center of the radiation layer 10. Here, the feed copper column is connected to the vicinity of the center rather than the center position, because the impedance is smaller at the center position and larger at the outer circle position, so a matching point is found from the center to the radius position to obtain the optimal matching impedance (such as matching 50 ohm impedance) of the circularly polarized antenna structure of the embodiment.

[0045] The circularly polarized antenna structure described above is a multilayer board structure as a whole, and the uppermost radiation layer includes a central circular patch and a parasitic element. The central circular patch acts as a main radiation antenna, and two straight slots not passing through the center are opened along the diameter of the central circular patch, which can make the main radiation antenna generate orthogonal surface currents to form circular polarization and increase the circular polarization of the main radiation antenna. At the same time, the parasitic element arranged at the periphery of the main radiation antenna can also generate orthogonal surface currents, further increasing the circular polarization bandwidth and effective width of the return loss of the radiation layer antenna. Thus, compared with the existing circularly polarized antenna structure, the circularly polarized antenna structure of the embodiment has a significantly enhanced circular polarization bandwidth, so the antenna has a higher available bandwidth and can better and more effectively receive circularly polarized signals.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the feed copper column is at a position with a distance of 0.4-0.5 mm from the center in the X-axis direction of the central circular patch with the center as the origin, to match the optimal impedance of 50 ohm.

[0047] In some specific embodiments, the number of parasitic elements is two or more; the two or more parasitic elements are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the central circular patch. Here, two directions of current are needed to form circular polarization, so parasitic elements are arranged in the two directions respectively to generate resonance points and increase the bandwidth. There are two parasitic elements in one direction.

[0048] Preferably, as shown in Figure 2 As shown, the number of parasitic elements 13 is four; the four arc-shaped patches are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the central circular patch 11 to form a center-symmetric structure of the radiation layer 10. In addition, the extension of the straight slot 12 corresponds to the gap between the two parasitic elements 13. It can be understood that the gap between the corresponding two parasitic elements 13 and the straight slot 12 are located on the same straight line on the central circular patch 11. Here, the two directions corresponding to circular polarization, two parasitic elements are arranged in one direction, four parasitic elements in two directions, and the gap between the parasitic elements is on the same straight line as the straight slot, so that the radiation layer forms a center-symmetric structure and obtains the best resonance effect, and the bandwidth of the radiation layer is maximally enhanced.

[0049] In some embodiments, the diameter of the central circular patch is 1-1.5 mm; the width of the straight slot is 0.2-0.6 mm, and the length is 0.8-1.3 mm; the feeding copper column is connected to a position at a distance of 0.4-0.5 mm from the center. Here, the size of the straight slot is limited in the above range, which can ensure that the straight slot produces circular polarization matching on the central circular patch, avoiding polarization mismatch due to excessively large slot size, becoming linear polarization.

[0050] Preferably, the size of the straight slot is 0.4 mm*1 mm. Here, the optimal slot size can make the central circular patch produce the best circular polarization effect.

[0051] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the arc-shaped patch is 0.6-0.7 mm, and the outer diameter is 0.9-1.1 mm. Here, by controlling the size of the arc-shaped patch, good resonance effect of the parasitic unit can be ensured to obtain the effect of increasing the frequency bandwidth; and the problem of impedance mismatch caused by excessively large or small parasitic unit size at high frequencies can be effectively avoided.

[0052] In some embodiments, the gap between adjacent parasitic units is 0.07-0.2 mm to obtain a better matching degree.

[0053] Preferably, the gap between adjacent parasitic units is 0.1 mm.

[0054] The circularly polarized antenna structure provided in the embodiment has a central circular patch in the radiation layer. After the straight slot is opened in the central circular patch, the current distribution of the central circular patch when the feeding source phase is 0 degrees is as shown in Figure 4 , and it can be seen that the current direction is +y-x. The current distribution of the central circular patch when the feeding source phase is 180 degrees is as shown in Figure 5 , and it can be seen that the current direction is +y+x. It can be understood that after the central circular patch is slotted, the current direction of the main radiation antenna can be changed with the change of the feeding source phase, which can bring two orthogonal surface currents to make the antenna produce circularly polarized radiation.

[0055] If four arc-shaped patches as parasitic units as shown in Figure 2 are added to the periphery of the central circular patch in the radiation layer, the current distribution of the radiation layer when the feeding source phase is 0 degrees is as shown in Figure 6 , the current distribution of the radiation layer when the feeding source phase is 180 degrees is as shown in Figure 7 , and the frequency bandwidth curves before and after the radiation layer adds the parasitic unit are as shown in Figure 8As shown, it can be understood that the addition of four parasitic units will introduce more high-frequency modes into the radiating layer, thereby further increasing the bandwidth of the circular polarization of the radiating layer antenna. Specifically, due to... Figure 8 It can be seen that the circular polarization bandwidth shown by the black dotted curve is about 59.3-60.2GHz, and the circular polarization bandwidth shown by the black solid line curve is about 59.3-66GHz. It can be seen that after adding the parasitic element, the bandwidth of the radiating layer antenna is increased by about 5.8GHz.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Please refer to Figure 9 This embodiment further extends the first embodiment by providing a wireless communication module.

[0058] The wireless communication module provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the circularly polarized antenna structure 1 described in the above embodiment also includes a packaging substrate 2 and an RF IC 3; the circularly polarized antenna structure 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the packaging substrate 2, the RF IC 3 is disposed on the lower surface of the packaging substrate 2, and the feed copper pillar on the circularly polarized antenna structure is connected to the RF IC.

[0059] It is understood that the wireless communication module provided in this embodiment, firstly, can replace FPC connectors for circuit connections between PCBs within a product, wirelessly solving the wear and cost problems caused by physical connections; secondly, its antenna structure adopts the circularly polarized antenna structure described in Embodiment 1. Compared with wireless communication modules using traditional microstrip circularly polarized antennas, the circularly polarized bandwidth of the antenna is significantly enhanced, and the usable bandwidth of the antenna is increased; especially when the relative positions between the antennas in the wireless communication module as the transmitting end and the antennas in the wireless communication module as the receiving end change, the circularly polarized signal can still be effectively received. Therefore, the wireless communication module of this embodiment has a higher usable bandwidth, which can significantly improve communication quality, enhance signal coverage, reduce interference, and be applicable to more scenarios.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, if the central circular patch is a millimeter-wave antenna patch, then the wireless communication module is a millimeter-wave communication module, which performs wireless communication transmission based on millimeter-wave technology, and has advantages such as higher data transmission rate, wider bandwidth, lower latency, and stronger anti-interference.

[0061] In some embodiments, the wireless communication module of the present embodiment can adopt the circularly polarized antenna structure radiation layer described in embodiment one, which is printed on one side of the packaging substrate, the RF IC is arranged on the other side of the packaging substrate by flip-chip means, the circularly polarized antenna structure is fed into the TX / RX of the RF IC through the perforation, and finally the IC is packaged. It can be seen that the wireless communication module of the present embodiment also has the advantages of simple structure and simple packaging. In particular, when the central circular patch is selected as a millimeter wave antenna patch, the millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna has a small volume, which can be better packaged in the substrate and connected with the RF IC by flip-chip technology. Compared with the traditional FPC physical connection method, the volume of the wireless communication module can be greatly reduced to realize miniaturization.

[0062] Embodiment three

[0063] Please refer to Figure 10 , the present embodiment is based on the above embodiment two, and provides a millimeter wave isolation communication module.

[0064] The millimeter wave isolation communication module provided by the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 10 , includes a first millimeter wave communication unit A and a second millimeter wave communication unit B. Among them, the first millimeter wave communication unit A includes the millimeter wave communication module described in embodiment two; the second millimeter wave communication unit B includes the millimeter wave communication module described in embodiment two; the millimeter wave communication module includes the circularly polarized antenna structure 1, the packaging substrate 2 and the RF IC 3 described in embodiment two.

[0065] At the same time, the first millimeter wave communication unit A and the second millimeter wave communication unit B of the millimeter wave isolation communication module adopt a broadside form between the antennas, that is, the radiation layer of the circularly polarized antenna structure 1 in the first millimeter wave communication unit A and the radiation layer of the circularly polarized antenna structure 1 in the second millimeter wave communication unit are arranged corresponding to each other at a certain distance. As shown in Figure 10 , assuming that the first millimeter wave communication unit A is the transmitting end TX and the second millimeter wave communication unit B is the receiving end TX, the isolation communication transmission between the transmitting end and the receiving end can be realized.

[0066] In some embodiments, the millimeter wave isolation communication module can be a communication module with simplex communication function or a communication module with duplex communication function. If the millimeter wave isolation communication module is a simplex communication module, one of the first millimeter wave communication unit and the second millimeter wave communication unit is a fixed receiving end, and the other is a fixed transmitting end. If the millimeter wave isolation communication module is a duplex communication module, both the first millimeter wave communication unit and the second millimeter wave communication unit can be a receiving end and a transmitting end, that is, both have a transceiving function.

[0067] It can be understood that the millimeter wave isolation communication module of the embodiment adopts the circularly polarized antenna structure of the first embodiment, and compared with the millimeter wave isolation communication module adopting the traditional microstrip circularly polarized antenna, the circularly polarized bandwidth of the antenna is significantly enhanced, and the available bandwidth of the antenna is improved. In particular, when the relative positions of the antenna structure in the first millimeter wave communication unit and the antenna structure in the second millimeter wave communication unit change, the circularly polarized signal can still be effectively received, thereby solving the polarization loss problem caused by the change of the relative positions of the transmitting and receiving ends. Therefore, the millimeter wave isolation communication module of the embodiment has a higher available bandwidth, can significantly improve the communication quality, enhance the signal coverage range, reduce interference, and be applicable to more scenes, can better achieve double-end safe isolation and high-speed transmission.

[0068] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent range of the present application. Any equivalent transformation or direct or indirect application in related technical fields based on the content of the present application specification and drawings is also included in the patent protection range of the present application.

Claims

1. A circularly polarized antenna structure, characterized in that, It includes a radiation layer, a ground layer and a microstrip line feed layer stacked from top to bottom, and adjacent layers are separated by a dielectric substrate; The radiation layer includes a central circular patch and a parasitic unit; the central circular patch has two straight grooves along its diameter that do not pass through the center of the circle; the parasitic unit is an arc-shaped patch located on the periphery of the central circular patch, and the center of the arc-shaped patch coincides with the center of the central circular patch; the extension of the straight grooves does not touch the arc-shaped patch. The feed copper pillars of the microstrip line feed layer penetrate through each layer and connect to the vicinity of the center of the radiation layer.

2. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The number of parasitic units is two or more; the two or more parasitic units are evenly distributed around the central circular patch.

3. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of parasitic units is four; the extension of the straight groove corresponds to the gap between two parasitic units.

4. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the central circular patch ranges from 1 to 1.5 mm; the width of the straight groove ranges from 0.2 to 0.6 mm, and the length ranges from 0.8 to 1.3 mm; the power supply copper pillar is connected to a position 0.4 to 0.5 mm away from the center of the circle.

5. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The dimensions of the straight groove are width * length = 0.4mm * 1mm.

6. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the arc-shaped patch ranges from 0.6 to 0.7 mm, and the outer diameter ranges from 0.9 to 1.1 mm.

7. The circularly polarized antenna structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The gap between adjacent parasitic units ranges from 0.07 to 0.2 mm.

8. A wireless communication module, characterized in that, The invention includes the circularly polarized antenna structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, as well as a packaging substrate and an RF IC; the circularly polarized antenna structure is disposed on the top of the packaging substrate, the RF IC is disposed on the bottom of the packaging substrate, and the feed copper pillar on the circularly polarized antenna structure is connected to the RF IC.

9. The wireless communication module as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The central circular patch is a millimeter-wave antenna patch.

10. A millimeter-wave isolated communication module, characterized in that, It includes a first millimeter-wave communication unit and a second millimeter-wave communication unit; the first millimeter-wave communication unit includes the wireless communication module as described in claim 9; the second millimeter-wave communication unit includes the wireless communication module as described in claim 9. The radiating layer in the first millimeter-wave communication unit and the radiating layer in the second millimeter-wave communication unit are respectively set at a certain distance.

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